Allergies

Allergies inoitika kana sisitimu yekudzivirira muviri ichiita basa kune chinhu chekunze chinopinda mumuviri. Zvinhu izvi zvinozivikanwa seallergens. Zvinosanganisira pollen, utachiona hweuchi uye furu yemhuka dzinovaraidza. Allergies dzinogonawo kuitika nekuda kwezvimwe zvekudya nezvinodhaka zvisingakonzere kuita basa muvanhu vazhinji.

Sisitimu yekudzivirira muviri inogadzira mapuroteni anodzivirira anonzi antibodies anorwisa vanopinda sehutachiona. Asi neallergies, sisitimu yekudzivirira muviri inogadzira antibodies anoratidza allergen chaiyo seyakaipa, kunyangwe isiri. Kuuya mukuonana ne allergen kunokonzera kuita basa kwesisitimu yekudzivirira muviri kunogona kuzvimba ganda, sinuses, airways kana sisitimu yekugaya.

Kuita basa kweallergic kunosiyana kubva kune munhu mumwe chete. Zvinogona kubva pakutsamwa kushoma kusvika kune ngozi inotyisa inonzi anaphylaxis. Kunyangwe mazhinji eallergies asingakwanisi kurapwa, kurapwa kunogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo zvako zveallergy.

Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheallergy zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvinokonzera chirwere ichocho. Zviratidzo zvinogona kukanganisa nzira dzemhepo, sinuses nenhengo dzemhino, ganda, uye sisitimu yekugaya. Kuita kwechirwere cheallergy kunogona kubva pakaderera kusvika pakukomba. Dzimwe nguva, zvirwere zveallergy zvinogona kutungamira kune chirwere chinotyisa chinonzi anaphylaxis. Hay fever, inonziwo allergic rhinitis, inogona kukonzera: Kusvotwa. Kukururuka kwe ganda, mhino, maziso kana denga remuromo. Mhino inoyerera, yakazvimba. Kuneta, kunonziwo fatigue. Maziso ane mvura, matsvuku kana kuzvimba, anonziwo allergic conjunctivitis. Chirwere chekudya chinogona kukonzera: Kutsva mukanwa. Kuchema kwe miromo, rurimi, chiso kana muromo. Makonzo anokwenya anonzi hives. Mhino yakazvimba, kusvotwa kana maziso ane misodzi anokwenya. Marwadzo emudumbu, kurutsa kana manyoka. Anaphylaxis. Chirwere chekukwenya kwemhashu chinogona kukonzera: Kurwadziwa nenzvimbo huru yekuzvimba inonzi edema panzvimbo yekukwenya. Kukururuka kana hives pamuviri wose. Kupisa kwe ganda nekushanduka kwe ruvara rweganda, kunonziwo flushing. Kukosora, kuoma kwepfupa, wheezing kana kushomeka kwemhepo. Anaphylaxis. Chirwere chekurapa chinogona kukonzera: Hives. Ganda rinokwenya kana utachiona. Kuzvimba kwechiso. Wheezing. Kushomeka kwemhepo. Kurutsa kana manyoka. Kunzwa kusinganzwisisiki. Anaphylaxis. Atopic dermatitis, mamiriro eganda ane chekuita neallergy anonziwo eczema, anogona kukonzera ganda kuti: Rikwenye. Rive nemavara matsvuku kana machena anogona kunge akaoma kuona pane ruvara rweganda rakaoma. Rive nemavanga, ridzikame kana kupwanya. Marudzi amwe emishonga yeallergy anogona kutungamira kune chirwere chakakomba chinonzi anaphylaxis. Zvimwe zvekudya, kukwenya kwemhashu uye mishonga iri pakati pezvinhu zvinogona kutungamira kune iyi njodzi inouraya. Anaphylaxis inogona kukonzera kuti upinde mukati mekuvhunduka. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinosanganisira: Kupera. Kudonha kweropa. Kushomeka kwemhepo kwakakomba uye kuoma kwemhino. Utachiona hwepfupa ne hives kana welts. Kunzwa kusinganzwisisiki. Kuomesa kwemoyo, kushaya simba. Kudzimba kwemudumbu, kurutsa kana manyoka. Kunzwa kwekufirwa. Unogona kuona nyanzvi yehutano kana uine zviratidzo zvaunofunga kuti zvinokonzerwa nechirwere cheallergy, uye mishonga yeallergy inotengeswa pasina chinyorwa haina kukupa zororo rakakwana. Kana uine zviratidzo mushure mekutanga mushonga mutsva wehutano, fonera nyanzvi yehutano yakakupa mushonga iwoyo nekukurumidza. Kune chirwere chakakomba cheallergy, chinonziwo anaphylaxis, fonera 911 kana nhamba yako yekukurumidza. Kana kuwana rubatsiro rwekukurumidza rwehutano. Jekiseni remushonga unonzi epinephrine inodiwa kurapa anaphylaxis. Kana uine epinephrine auto-injector (Auvi-Q, EpiPen, nezvimwewo), zvijekesere nekukurumidza. Kunyangwe kana zviratidzo zvako zvikaita zvakanaka mushure mejekiseni re epinephrine, enda kuchipatara chekukurumidza. Nyanzvi dzehutano dzinofanira kuve nechokwadi chekuti zviratidzo zvako hazvidzoki kana zvibereko zvejekiseni zvapera. Kana wakamboita chirwere chakakomba cheallergy kana chero zviratidzo zveanaphylaxis kare, gadzira musangano wekuona nyanzvi yako yehutano. Kuongororwa kweallergy uye kugadzirwa kwechirongwa chekurapa kwenguva refu kudzora anaphylaxis kunogona kuva dambudziko. Saka iwe uchafanira kuona chiremba anonzi allergist anowana uye anorapira zvirwere zveallergy nezvimwe zvirwere zve immune system.

Unogona kuona nyanzvi yehutano kana uine zviratidzo zvaunofunga kuti zvinokonzerwa nehosha, uye mishonga yehosha inotengeswa pasina chinyorwa haikupa zororo rakakwana. Kana uine zviratidzo mushure mekutanga mushonga mutsva wehutano, fonera nyanzvi yehutano yakakupa mushonga iyeye nekukurumidza.

Kana uine hosha ine ngozi, inonziwo anaphylaxis, fonera 911 kana nhamba yako yekukurumidza. Kana kuti tsvaga rubatsiro rwekukurumidza rwehutano. Jekiseni remushonga unoda chinyorwa anonzi epinephrine inodiwa kurapa anaphylaxis. Kana uine epinephrine auto-injector (Auvi-Q, EpiPen, nezvimwewo), zvijekesere iwe pachako nekukurumidza.

Kunyangwe zviratidzo zvako zvikaita zvakanaka mushure mejekiseni re epinephrine, enda ku emergency room. Nyanzvi dzehutano dzinofanira kuve nechokwadi chekuti zviratidzo zvako hazvidzoki kana migumisiro yejekiseni ikapfuura.

Kana wambova nehosha ine ngozi kana chero zviratidzo zveanaphylaxis kare, gara wakaita appointment kuona nyanzvi yehutano hwako. Kuongororwa kwehosha uye kugadzirwa kwechirongwa chekurapa kwenguva refu kudzora anaphylaxis kunogona kuva dambudziko. Saka zvimwe uchada kuona chiremba anonzi allergist anowana uye anorapira hosha nedzimwe mamiriro emuviri.

Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kukonzera marerutswa. Marerutswa anotanga kana immune system ikanganisa chinhu chisina ngozi sechigumbu chinotyisa. Immune system inoita maantibodies anoramba akagadzirira allergen iyoyo chaiyo. Kana wakasangana ne allergen zvakare, maantibodies aya anogona kuburitsa mamwe makemikari e immune system anokonzera zviratidzo zvemarerutswa.

Zvinhu zvinowanzoita kuti uve nemarerutswa zvinosanganisira:

• Zvinhu zvinofamba nemhepo, zvakaita se pollen, furu yemhuka, ma mites emufiri uye howa.
• Zvimwe zvekudya, kunyanya nyemba, nzungu dzemiti, gorosi, soya, hove, shellfish, mazai ne mukaka.
• Kutsva kwemhashu, zvakaita sekubaya nebvi kana nyuchi.
• Mishonga, kunyanya penicillin kana mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ine penicillin.
• Latex kana zvimwe zvinhu zvaunobata, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuzvimba kwe ganda.

Zvinokonzera ngozi dzeallergies zvinosanganisira:

• Kuva nemhuri ine nhoroondo ye asthma kana allergies, senge hay fever, hives kana eczema.
• **Kuva mwana.
• Kuva ne asthma kana imwe allergic condition.

Kuva nechirwere cheallergy kunowedzera njodzi yemimwe mamiriro ezveutano anonzi zvinetso, kusanganisira:

• Anaphylaxis. Kana uine zvirwere zvakakomba zveallergy, izvozvo zvinosimudzira njodzi yako yekurwara uku kwakakomba kweallergy. Zvokudya, mishonga, latex uye kubaya kwezvikara ndizvo zvinokonzera anaphylaxis kazhinji.
• Asthma. Kana uine allergy, une mukana mukuru wekuva ne asthma. Asthma chirwere che immune system chinotambudza nzira dzemhepo nekufemba. Kazhinji, asthma inokonzerwa nekuiswa kune allergen munzvimbo. Izvi zvinozivikanwa se asthma inokonzerwa neallergy.
• Kuvira kwe sinuses, nzeve kana mapapu. Njodzi yako yekuwana mamiriro aya yakakwira kana uine hay fever kana asthma.

Kudzivirira kuita allergic reaction kunoenderana nerudzi rweallergy yaunayo. Matanho ose anosanganisira anotevera:\n- Samboswedera pedyo nezvinokonzera allergy. Ita izvi kunyangwe ukawana kurapwa kwezviratidzo zveallergy yako. Semuenzaniso, kana uine allergy yepollen, gara mukati nemahwindo nemagedhi akavharwa kana pollen iri yakawanda. Kana uine allergy yema_dust mites, geza uchenese imba uye wosuka mubhedha kazhinji. Unogona kushandisawo zvinhu zvinodzivirira ma_dust mites pazvinhu zvakaita semapiro, macomforter, matress nemabhokisi ema_spring.\n- Chengeta dhairekitori. Kana uchiyedza kuona kuti chii chinokonzera zviratidzo zvako zveallergy kana kuzviita kuti zviome, tarisa zvaunoita nezvaunodya. Cherechedzawo kana zviratidzo zvichiitika uye zvinoita sekubatsira. Izvi zvinogona kukubatsira iwe nemunyanzvi wehutano hwako kuwana zvinokonzera allergy yako.\n- Pfeka bhureki rechiratidzo chekurapa. Kana wakambowana allergic reaction yakakomba, pfeka bhureki rechiratidzo chekurapa kana cheni. Izvi zvinozivisa vamwe kuti une allergy yakakomba kana ukawana reaction uye haugone kutaura.

Kuongororwa kunosanganisira matanho anoitwa nachiremba wenyu kuti azive kana mune chirwere cheallergy. Chiremba wenyu angangoita izvi:

• Kubvunza mibvunzo yakadzama nezve zviratidzo zvenyu.
• Kuita bvunzo yemuviri.
• Kuita kuti munyore bhuku rakadzama rezviratidzo nezvinhu zvinogona kukonzera allergy.

Kana mune allergy yekudya, chiremba wenyu angangoita izvi:

• Kubvunza kuti munyore bhuku rakadzama rezvikafu zvamunodya.
• Kubvunza kana makasimuka kudya chikafu chinofungidzirwa kuti ndicho chiri kukonzera allergy panguva yebvunzo yeallergy.

Ch iremba wenyu anogonawo kukurudzira bvunzo imwe kana mbiri idzi. Ziva kuti bvunzo idzi dzeallergy dzinogona kupa mhinduro dzisingatombopiyi chokwadi.

• Bvunzo yeganda. Chiremba anoshandisa tsono duku kubaya kana kukwiza ganda renyu uye kukuratidza zvikamu zviduku zvemaprotein anowanikwa mune zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera allergy. Kana mune allergy, muchava nehutu hombe inonzi hive panzvimbo yebvunzo paganda renyu. Kana mhinduro yebvunzo ikaratidza kuti hamuna allergy asi chiremba wenyu achiri kufunga kuti mungave nayo, mungada bvunzo inonzi intradermal skin test. Chiremba wenyu anopinda huwandu hudiki hwe allergen mumusoro weganda.
• Bvunzo yeropa. Bvunzo iyi inoyerera huwandu hweantibodies ropa rinogadzira kuti riparadze allergens. Aya maantibodies anonzi immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. Bvunzo iyi inozivikanwa se specific IgE (sIgE) blood testing. Inonyanya kuzivikanwawo se radioallergosorbent test (RAST) kana ImmunoCAP testing. Sampuli yeropa renyu inotumirwa ku laboratori kuti ione kana muri kunzwa zvinhu zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinokonzera allergy.

Kana chiremba wenyu achifunga kuti chimwe chinhu kunze kweallergy ndicho chiri kukonzera zviratidzo zvenyu, bvunzo dzimwe dzinogona kudiwa kuti dzibatsire kuwana chikonzero.

Kurapa maronda kunosanganisira:

• Kubva kure nezvinokonzera maronda, zvinozivikanwawo sekuzvidzivirira. Nyanzvi yako yehutano inokubatsira kutora matanho ekutsvaga uye kubva kure nezvinokonzera maronda ako. Kazhinji, iyi ndiyo nhanho inokosha kwazvo mukudzivirira kuita maronda uye kudzikamisa zviratidzo.
• Mishonga. Zvichienderana nemaronda ako, mishonga inogona kubatsira kudzikisa kuita kwemuviri wako uye kudzikamisa zviratidzo. Nyanzvi yako yehutano inogona kukurudzira mushonga muchimiro chemapiritsi kana mvura, nasal sprays, kana eye drops.
• Immunotherapy. Kurapa uku kunogona kubatsira kurapa maronda akakomba. Kunogonawo kubatsira maronda asingarapiki nemamwe kurapa. Immunotherapy inosanganisira kuwana jekiseni dzakatevedzana dze allergen extracts dzakacheneswa. Aya maeksiti anoshanda sisitimu yemuviri kuti irege kuita zvakanyanya pane allergen yako inofungidzirwa. Kazhinji, jekiseni dzinopiwa kwemakore mashoma.

Imwe nzira ye immunotherapy ndeye piritsi rinowanikwa pasi pemutauro kusvikira rakaparara. Izvi zvinozivikanwa se sublingual immunotherapy. Mishonga ye sublingual inowanikwa pasi pemutauro inoshandiswa kurapa mamwe maronda e pollen.

• Epinephrine yekukurumidzira. Kana uine maronda akakomba, ungada kutakura jekiseni ye epinephrine yekukurumidzira nguva dzose. Jekiseni ye epinephrine (Auvi-Q, EpiPen, nezvimwe) inogona kudzikamisa zviratidzo zvekuita maronda akakomba kusvikira wawana kurapwa kwekukurumidzira.

Immunotherapy. Kurapa uku kunogona kubatsira kurapa maronda akakomba. Kunogonawo kubatsira maronda asingarapiki nemamwe kurapa. Immunotherapy inosanganisira kuwana jekiseni dzakatevedzana dze allergen extracts dzakacheneswa. Aya maeksiti anoshanda sisitimu yemuviri kuti irege kuita zvakanyanya pane allergen yako inofungidzirwa. Kazhinji, jekiseni dzinopiwa kwemakore mashoma.

Imwe nzira ye immunotherapy ndeye piritsi rinowanikwa pasi pemutauro kusvikira rakaparara. Izvi zvinozivikanwa se sublingual immunotherapy. Mishonga ye sublingual inowanikwa pasi pemutauro inoshandiswa kurapa mamwe maronda e pollen.