Kukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe (ASPD) chirwere chepfungwa umo munhu anogara asingateereri kodzero nemanzwiro evamwe. Vanhu vane chirwere ichi vanowanzotyora mitemo yesangano, kuita zvinhu zvisina kufunga, uye kurwadziwa kuita hukama hwechokwadi hwakavakirwa pakunzwira tsitsi nekutenda.

Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu anowanzoonekwa pakukura kwevanhu vakuru, kunyange zvazvo zviratidzo zvekutyisidzira zvichiwanzoonekwa muhudiki kana mumakore echidiki. Kunyange zvazvo zvingava zvakaoma kunzwisisa nekurapa, kuziva zviratidzo kunogona kubatsira vanhu nevanoda kwavari kutsvaga rubatsiro rwakakodzera nekuchengetwa.

Chii Chinonzi Kukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika?

Kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe chirwere chinogara chichiitika chepfungwa nekufunga kunotyora kodzero dzevamwe. Vanhu vane ASPD vanowanzotaridzika vane hunhu hwakanaka pamusoro asi vanogara vachiita zvinhu zvinokuvadza kana kunyengera avo vari vakavapoteredza.

Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu anopfuura kuputsa mitemo kana kuita zvinhu zvisina kufunga. Panzvimbo pezvo, inosanganisira kusateerera mitemo yesangano, mutemo, uye hutano hwepamoyo hwepamoyo hwevamwe izvo zvinoramba zvichienderera mberi kusvika pakuva munhu mukuru. Iyi nzira inowanzoita matambudziko makuru muhukama, basa, uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva.

Nyanzvi dzehutano hwepfungwa dzinofunga kuti ASPD chikamu cheboka rinonzi Cluster B personality disorders. Aya mamiriro ezvinhu ose anosanganisira zviito zvinotyisa, zvemanzwiro, kana zvisingatarisirwi izvo zvinogona kukanganisa hukama uye kuita matambudziko anogara achifamba.

Ndeapi Zviratidzo zveKukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika?

Zviratidzo zveASPD zvinoita nzira inozivana yekufunga iyo inowanzoonekwa pakukura kwevanhu vakuru. Aya maratidzo anowanzoita kuti mhuri, shamwari, uye vakaroorana varwadziwe, vachirwadziwa kunzwisisa zviito zvemunhu.

Aya ndiwo maratidzo makuru aunogona kuona:

• Kuita zvinhu zvinotyora mutemo kana mitemo yesangano pasina kunzwa mhosva
• Kunyengera kazhinji kana kushandisa mazita enhema kunyengera vamwe
• Kuita zvinhu zvisina kufunga pasina kufunga nezvemigumisiro
• Kuva nehasha kana kupinda mukurwisana kwemuviri nguva dzose
• Kusaratidza hanya nezvekuchengetedza kwemunhu kana kuchengetedza kwevamwe
• Kukundikana kuchengetedza mabasa kana kusangana nezvinhu zvemari nguva dzose
• Kusanzwa kuzvidemba mushure mekukuvadza, kubira, kana kuipa vamwe

Aya maitiro anoita nzira umo munhu anoratidzika asina kukwanisa kudzidza kubva kumigumisiro yakaipa. Vangangodzokorora kuita zvipikirwa zvavasingaiti kana kukumbira ruregerero pasina kuchinja zviito zvavo.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti munhu wese anoita zvikanganiso kana kuita zvinhu zvine udyire dzimwe nguva. Musiyano mukuru neASPD ndewokuti aya maitiro anoitika nguva dzose kwemakore mazhinji uye anoita matambudziko anogara achifamba munzvimbo dzakawanda dzehupenyu.

Zvinokonzera Kukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika?

Chikonzero chaicho chekukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe hachizivisike zvizere, asi tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti inokura kubva pakusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvemajini, zvakatipoteredza, nezvepfungwa. Hapana chikonzero chimwe chete chinogona kutsanangura kuti nei munhu achikura chirwere ichi.

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kuita kuti ASPD ikure:

• Kuwanikwa kwemajini kubva kuhama dzine mamiriro akafanana
• Kunetseka kwehudiki, kusvikirwa, kana kusava nechokwadi kwakanyanya
• Kukura munzvimbo dzine mhirizhonga kana dzine chisimba
• Kuakuvadzwa kwemutsipa kunokanganisa nzvimbo dzehuropi dzinoongorora kuita zvinhu zvisina kufunga nekutenda
• Kusava nechokwadi kana kuberekerwa kwakasimba panguva yekukura
• Chirwere chekuita chakaipa chisina kurapwa muhudiki
• Kuonekwa kwezviito zvekushaya mutemo kana kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka mumhuri

Kudzidza kwemaitiro ehuropi kwakaratidza kuti vanhu vane ASPD vangave vane musiyano munzvimbo dzinoona nezvekunzwira tsitsi, kuita sarudzo, uye kudzora zvinhu zvisina kufunga. Zvisinei, kuva nezvinhu zvinokonzera hazvirevi kuti munhu achaita chirwere ichi.

Vanhu vakawanda vanoona matambudziko muhudiki hwavo kana kuva nezvinhu zvinokonzera zvemajini pasina kukura ASPD. Kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakawanda panguva inoita kunge ndizvo zvinoita kuti mamiriro ezvinhu aya aitike.

Rini Unofanira Kuona Chiremba Nekukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika?

Vanhu vane kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe havatsvaki rubatsiro vega nekuti kazhinji havatendi kuti maitiro avo ane matambudziko. Zvisinei, nhengo dzemhuri, shamwari, kana vakaroorana vanowanzokurudzira kuti vawane rubatsiro rweunyanzvi kana maitiro acho ava kukanganisa zvakanyanya.

Unofanira kufunga nezvekutsvaga rubatsiro rweunyanzvi kana ukaona aya maitiro mauri kana mumunhu waunoda. Matambudziko emutemo, kukundikana kwehukama kazhinji, kana kusawirirana kwenguva dzose pabasa kungaratidza kuti unoda kuongororwa.

Dzimwe nguva vanhu vanosangana nevanachiremba vepfungwa kuburikidza nekurapwa kwakarayirwa nedare kana vari kugamuchira rubatsiro nezvimwe zvinhu sekushandiswa kwezvinodhaka kana kuora mwoyo. Aya mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kupa mikana inokosha yekuongororwa kwakakodzera nekugadzirira kurapwa.

Kana uri kunetseka nezvemaitiro emumwe munhu, yeuka kuti haugone kumumanikidza kuchinja kana kutsvaga rubatsiro. Zvisinei, unogona kuzvidzivirira nekugadzira miganhu yakajeka uye kutsvaga rubatsiro kwauri kuburikidza nekurapa kana mapoka ekutsigira.

Ndeapi Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Kukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika?

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wekukura kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe, kunyange zvazvo kuva nezvinhu izvi zvinokonzera hazvirevi kuti munhu achaita chirwere ichi. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu kunogona kubatsira kuziva kana kuita zvinhu pakutanga kungabatsira.

Zvinhu zvinokonzera zvakakosha zvinosanganisira:

• Kuve murume (ASPD inowanzowanikwa muvarume kupfuura vakadzi)
• Kuva nechirwere chekuita muhudiki kana mumakore echidiki
• Kukura murombo kana munzvimbo dzisina kugadzikana
• Kuva nemadzimai ane kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe kana matambudziko ekushandisa zvinodhaka
• Kuonekwa nechisimba, zvepabonde, kana kusvikirwa kwemanzwiro semwana
• Kuona chisimba kana zviito zvekushaya mutemo nguva dzose panguva yekukura
• Kuva nechirwere chekushaya hanya nekuita zvinhu zvisina kufunga (ADHD) chisina kurapwa
• Kutanga kushandisa zvinodhaka kana doro pakutanga kwemakore

Nhoroondo yemhuri ine basa rakakosha, sezvo vana vemadzimai ane ASPD vane mukana mukuru wekukura chirwere ichocho ivo pachavo. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nezvinhu zvemajini nezvinhu zvakatipoteredza.

Kuita zvinhu pakutanga panguva yehudiki dzimwe nguva kunogona kubatsira kuderedza mukana wekukura ASPD gare gare muhupenyu. Kudzidzisa vana hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa matambudziko uye kupa nzvimbo dzakagadzikana, dzine rutsigiro kunogona kuita musiyano wakakura.

Ndeapi Matambudziko Anogona Kuitika Nekukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika?

Kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe kunogona kuita kuti pave nemigumisiro yakakomba inokanganisa nzvimbo dzose dzehupenyu hwemunhu. Aya matambudziko anowanzoipisisa panguva isina kurapwa kwakakodzera nekutsigirwa.

Matambudziko akajairika aunogona kuona anosanganisira:

• Matambudziko emutemo kazhinji, kusanganisira kusungwa nekuiswa mujeri
• Matambudziko ekushandisa zvinodhaka anowedzera matambudziko ekufunga
• Kuroora kwakaputsika nehukama hwakakuvadzwa nevana
• Kusakwanisa kuchengetedza basa rakasimba kana kugadzikana kwezvemari
• Mukurudzira mukuru wechisimba kune vamwe kana kuva vanhu vanokuvadzwa nechisimba
• Kuwedzera mukana wekuedza kuzviuraya kana kuzvikuvadza
• Kukura kwezvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa senge kuora mwoyo kana kunetseka

Kukanganisa kune nhengo dzemhuri kunogona kuva kunotyisa zvikuru. Vana vemadzimai ane ASPD vangakurira matambudziko avo ekufunga kana matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa. Vakaroorana vanowanzosangana nekusvikirwa kwemanzwiro nekugadzikana kwezvemari.

Muimwe nguva isingawanzoitika, vanhu vane ASPD yakakomba vangapinda muzviito zvine ngozi zvinokanganisa ivo nevamwe. Kuziva pakutanga nekurapa kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira mimwe migumisiro yakakomba.

Kukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika Kunoratidzwa Sei?

Kuona kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe kunoda kuongororwa kwakakwana nemunhu ane hunyanzvi muhutano hwepfungwa. Hapana bvunzo imwe chete inogona kusimbisa chirwere ichi, saka vanachiremba vanovimba nekutaura kwakakwana nekuona maitiro ekufunga.

Nzira yekuongorora inowanzoita nhanho dzakati wandei. Kutanga, chiremba wako achaita hurukuro yakakwana yekurapa kunzwisisa nhoroondo yako, hukama, nezviratidzo zvaunoita iye zvino. Vachabvunza nezvemaitiro ehukuru, matambudziko emutemo, uye maitiro auinavo nevamwe.

Nyanzvi dzehutano hwepfungwa dzinoshanyira zvinhu zvakakosha kubva kuDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) kuita chirwere ichi. Munhu anofanira kuva nemakore anopfuura gumi nemasere uye kuratidza humbowo hwechirwere chekuita usati wasvika makore gumi nemashanu.

Chiremba wako anogona kushandisa bvunzo dzepfungwa kana mibvunzo kunzwisisa zvirinani maitiro ako ekufunga uye kubvisa zvimwe zvirwere. Vangataura nehama kana shamwari dzapedyo kuti vawane mifananidzo yakakwana yemaitiro ako munzvimbo dzakasiyana.

Nzira yekuongorora inogona kutora nguva yakati wandei kuti ipe mhinduro yakakwana. Kuwana chirwere chakakwana kwakakosha nekuti ASPD dzimwe nguva inogona kusanganiswa nezvimwe zvirwere zvehunhu kana zvirwere zvepfungwa zvinoda nzira dzakasiyana dzekurapa.

Kurapa kweKukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika?

Kurapa kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe kunokanganisa nekuti vanhu vane chirwere ichi kazhinji havatendi kuti vanoda rubatsiro kana kuti vanoda kuchinja maitiro avo. Zvisinei, nzira dzakati dzekurapa dzinogona kubatsira vamwe vanhu kukura hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa matambudziko uye kuderedza maitiro anokuvadza.

Nzira dzinoshanda zvikuru dzekurapa kazhinji dzinosanganisira:

• Kurapa kwepfungwa-kuita kuti kubatsira kuziva uye kuchinja maitiro ekufunga anokuvadza
• Kurapa kwepfungwa-kuita kuti kubatsira kuvandudza kudzora manzwiro nehunyanzvi hwehukama
• Sangano rekurapa nevamwe vanoshanda pane zvinhu zvakafanana
• Kurapa kwemhuri kugadzirisa matambudziko ehukama uye kuvandudza kutaurirana
• Mapurogiramu ekudzora hasha kuderedza maitiro ane chisimba
• Kurapa kwemishonga kana kusvikirwa kwemishonga kuripowo

Mishonga haina kubvumidzwa zvakakosha kurapa ASPD, asi vanachiremba dzimwe nguva vanorayira kuti vabatsire nezviratidzo zvine chekuita. Antidepressants inogona kubatsira nematambudziko emanzwiro, nepo mood stabilizers inogona kuderedza maitiro asina kufunga.

Kurapa kunoshanda zviri nani kana munhu achida kuchinja zvechokwadi uye anobatanidzwa zvakanyanya mukurapa. Zvisinei, vanhu vakawanda vane ASPD vanosiya kurapwa pakutanga kana kuti vanongoita nekuda kwezvinodiwa nemutemo.

Zvinotarirwa zvinosiyana zvikuru kubva kune munhu kune mumwe. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kudzidza kudzora zviratidzo zvavo zviri nani uye kuderedza maitiro anokuvadza, nepo vamwe vachiramba vachirwadziwa muhupenyu hwavo kunyange zvazvo vachirapwa.

Maitiro Ekuzvichengeta Uine Kukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika?

Kana uri kurarama nemunhu ane kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe kana uchifunga kuti ungave nawo iwe pachako, kuchengetedza hutano hwako hwepfungwa nemuviri kunova kwakakosha zvikuru. Nzira dzekuzvichengeta dzinogona kukubatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko anoita chirwere ichi.

Kune nhengo dzemhuri nevanoda, kugadzira miganhu yakajeka kwakakosha pakuchengetedza kwako. Usaita kuti maitiro anokuvadza aite nekugadzira zvikonzero kana kuvhara migumisiro. Panzvimbo pezvo, tarisa pakuzvidzivirira iwe pachako pamweya nezvemari.

Kana uri kushanda pakudzora zviratidzo zveASPD iwe pachako, kugadzira maitiro ane hutano kunogona kupa chimiro nekugadzikana. Kuita zvemitambo nguva dzose, kurara zvakakwana, uye kudzivisa zvinodhaka nedoro kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza hutano hwako hwepfungwa uye kugona kuita sarudzo.

Funga nezvekubatanidzwa nemapoka ekutsigira kwaunogona kusangana nevamwe vanosangana nematambudziko akafanana. Kana uine ASPD kana uchida munhu ane, kutaura nevanhu vanonzwisisa mamiriro ako kunogona kupa rutsigiro rwakakosha rwepfungwa uye mazano anoshanda.

Yeuka kuti kuchinja kunotora nguva nekushanda kwenguva dzose. Farai nezvinhu zviduku zvamaita uye musazvidya mwoyo nezvinhu zvisina kufamba zvakanaka, izvo chikamu chekuvandudzwa.

Ungagadzirira Sei Kuona Chiremba Wako?

Kugadzirira kuongororwa kwehutano hwepfungwa kunogona kubatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana chirwere chakakwana uye chirongwa chekurapa chinoshanda. Kuuya wakagadzirira neruzivo rwakakodzera kuchabatsira chiremba wako kunzwisisa mamiriro ako zviri nani.

Usati wasvika pakuchengeta kwako, nyora mienzaniso chaiyo yemaitiro anokanganisa uye nguva yavanowanikwa. Sanganisira ruzivo nezvehukama, matambudziko ebasa, matambudziko emutemo, uye chero maitiro auona panguva ino.

Uya nechinhu chine mishonga yose yaunotora iye zvino, kusanganisira mishonga yekutengwa pasina kuraira nemishonga yekuwedzera. Uyewo,unganidza ruzivo nezvenhoroondo yemhuri yako yehutano hwepfungwa, sezvo izvi zvinogona kupa mazano akakosha kune chiremba wako.

Funga nezvekukumbira shamwari yakavimbika kana nhengo yemhuri kuti iuve newe kana zvichibvira. Vangave vachiona zvinhu zvausingaoni kana kubatsira kupa maonero akawedzerwa pane maitiro ako ekufunga.

Gadzira runyorwa rwemibvunzo yekubvunza chiremba wako nezvechirwere, nzira dzekurapa, uye zvaunofanira kutarisira kufamba mberi. Usazengurire kukumbira kuti zvinhu zvinotsanangurwa kana usinganzwisisi chimwe chinhu.

Chii Chinonyanya Kukosha NezveKukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika?

Kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe chirwere chakakomba chepfungwa chinokanganisa maitiro emumwe munhu anofunga nezvekutaura nevamwe vanhu. Kunyange zvazvo zvingava zvakaoma kurapa, kunzwisisa chirwere ichi ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yekuwana rubatsiro rwakakodzera nekutsigirwa.

Kana uri kunetseka nezvako kana munhu waunoda, yeuka kuti rubatsiro rweunyanzvi runowanikwa. Nyanzvi dzehutano hwepfungwa dzinogona kupa chirwere chakakwana uye kugadzira mapurogiramu ekurapa akagadzirirwa zvinodiwa nemunhu nemariro.

Kune nhengo dzemhuri nevanoda, kuchengetedza hutano hwako hwepfungwa kwakakosha sezvo kutsigira munhu ane ASPD. Kugadzira miganhu, kutsvaga kurapa kwako, uye kubatanidzwa nemapoka ekutsigira kunogona kukubatsira kufamba muhukama hwakaoma uhu.

Kunyangwe zvinotarirwa zveASPD zvingava zvakaoma, vamwe vanhu vanodzidza kudzora zviratidzo zvavo zviri nani nekurapwa kwenguva dzose uye kuzvipira kwechokwadi kuchinja. Kuita zvinhu pakutanga nekutsigirwa kwenguva dzose kunopa mukana wakanaka wekuvandudza.

Mibvunzo InowanzoBvunzwa NezveKukanganiswa Kwehunhu Kwekushamwaridzana Nenyika

Kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe kunogona kurapwa here?

Hapana kurapwa kwekukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe, asi zviratidzo zvinogona kudzorwa nekurapwa kwakakodzera nekutsigirwa kwenguva dzose. Vamwe vanhu vanodzidza kudzora maitiro avo asina kufunga zviri nani uye kukura hukama hune hutano panguva ino. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuwana kusanganiswa kwakakodzera kwemaitiro ekurapa uye kuva nekuzvipira kwechokwadi kuchinja maitiro anokuvadza.

Kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe kwakaenzana nekuva munhu asingateereri kana munhu ane utsinye here?

Aya mazwi anowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete mune zvemagariro, asi nyanzvi dzehutano hwepfungwa dzinoshandisa zvikuru "kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe" sechirevo chepamutemo. Psychopathy ne sociopathy mazwi asingazivikanwi anotsanangura maitiro akafanana ekufunga asi haasi zvirwere zvepanyanzvi. ASPD ndiyo mamiriro ezvinhu anozivikanwa anotarisa aya maitiro ekufunga.

Vana vanogona kuonwa vane kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe here?

Kwete, vana havaoni vane kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe nekuti zvirwere zvehunhu zvinongoratidzwa kuvanhu vakuru. Zvisinei, vana vanogona kuonwa vane chirwere chekuita, icho chinosanganisira maitiro akafanana uye kazhinji chinotangira ASPD pakuva munhu mukuru. Kuita zvinhu pakutanga kwechirwere chekuita kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kukura kweASPD gare gare muhupenyu.

Kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe kunowanzoitika here?

Kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe kunokanganisa anenge 1-4% yevanhu vose, zvichiita kuti ive isingawanzoitika. Inowanzowanikwa muvarume kupfuura vakadzi, nemamwe kudzidza achiratidza kuti inokanganisa varume katatu kupfuura vakadzi. Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu inowanzowanikwa munzvimbo dzeguta uye pakati pevanhu vane mamiriro ezvinhu ezvemari ari pasi, kunyange zvazvo inogona kuitika chero kupi.

Munhu ane kukanganiswa kwehunhu kwekusa shandira pamwe nevamwe anogona kuva nehukama hunofambira mberi here?

Kunyangwe zvichiomera, vamwe vanhu vane ASPD vanogona kukura hukama hunoremekedzwa, kunyanya nekurapa kwenguva dzose uye kuzvipira kwechokwadi kuchinja. Zvisinei, hukama hwavo kazhinji hunoda basa rakawanda nekudana kubva kuvakaroorana. Vanhu vakawanda vane ASPD vanorwadziwa nekutenda nekufamba kwemanzwiro, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti kuchengetedza hukama hwepedyo kuve kwakaoma pasina rubatsiro rweunyanzvi rwenguva dzose.