Chii chinonzi ARDS? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

ARDS inoreva Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, chirwere chakakomba chemapapu chinoita kuti kufema kuve kwakaoma zvikuru. Zvinoitika kana mapapu ako akafuta zvakanyanya akazadzwa nemvura, zvichiita kuti oksijeni isakwanise kusvika muropa rako zvakanaka.

Ichi chirwere chinoitika nekukurumidza, kazhinji mukati memaawa kana mazuva echirwere chinokonzera senge pneumonia kana kukuvara kukuru. Kunyange ARDS iri chirwere chakakomba, kunzwisisa kuti chii uye kuti inorapwa sei kunogona kukubatsira kunzwa wakagadzirira uye usazvidya moyo nezve iyi njodzi yekurapa.

Chii chinonzi ARDS?

ARDS chirwere chinouraya umo mapapu ako anofuta zvakanyanya uye anobuditsa mvura mumapapu madiki anonzi alveoli. Funga nezvemapapu ako se sponji inowanzo kubatsira oksijeni kupinda muropa rako, asi neARDS, iyo sponji inorova mvura uye haikwanise kuita basa rayo zvakanaka.

Ichi chirwere chinotambudza chidziro chakaonda pakati pemapapu ako nemidziyo yeropa. Kana ichi chidziro chakaoma, mvura inopinda kwaisingafanire kuenda, zvichiita kuti zviome zvikuru kuti oksijeni isvike muropa rako. Izvi zvinoita mamiriro ezvinhu anotyisa umo nhengo dzemuviri wako hadziwani oksijeni yakakwana kuti ishande zvakanaka.

ARDS kazhinji inoitika semhedzisiro yechirwere chakakomba kana kukuvara. Haisi chirwere chaunobatwa nacho kubva kune mumwe munhu, asi pane kupindura kwemuviri wako kukuru kune kushushikana kukuru kana kukuvara.

Ndeapi zviratidzo zveARDS?

Zviratidzo zveARDS zvinoitika nekukurumidza uye zvakakomba zvikuru, kazhinji zvichioneka mukati memaawa 24 kusvika ku48 echirwere chinokonzera. Zviratidzo zvikuru zvinoratidza kuti mapapu ako ari kurwisana kuti awane oksijeni yakakwana mumuviri wako.

Heano zviratidzo zvikuru zvaunogona kuona:

• Kushaya mweya kwakanyanya kunowedzera nekukurumidza
• Kufema nekukurumidza, kushoma kunyange uri kuzorora
• Kuneta kwakanyanya nekushaya simba
• Ruvara rwebhuruu pamativi emoyo, misumari, kana ganda
• Kusanzwisisa kana kunzwa uine musoro
• Kuderera kweropa
• Kukosora kwakaoma kunogona kubudisa sputum ine frothy

Aya maratidzo anogona kutya, asi kuaziva nekukurumidza kunokosha kuti uwane kurapwa kwakakodzera. Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva akaona aya maratidzo, kunyanya mushure mechirwere chakakomba kana kukuvara, tsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza.

Kukomba kwezviratidzo kunogona kusiyana kubva kune munhu kune munhu, asi ARDS inoda kurapwa kwakakomba kwekurapa nguva dzose. Usamirire kuona kana zviratidzo zvichinzwa zviri nani zvega, sezvo ichi chirwere chingakurumidza kuipa pasina kurapwa kwakakodzera.

Chii chinokonzera ARDS?

ARDS inoitika kana chimwe chinhu chikaita kuti mapapu ako afute zvakanyanya, kubva pakukuvara zvakananga kumapapu kana kubva kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri wako. Kuchema kunokuvadza ganda rakaonda remapapu ako, zvichiita kuti abuditse mvura.

Zvinokonzera zvakajairika zvemapapu zvinogona kutungamira kuARDS zvinosanganisira:

• Pneumonia yakakomba kubva kubhakitiriya, mavhairasi, kana fungi
• Kufema zvinhu zvinokuvadza senge utsi, kemikari, kana kurutsa
• Zviitiko zvekunyura
• Kukuvara kwepurasi kubva kutsakatika kana kukuvara
• Kuonekwa kwakakwirira kwemukati mune zviitiko zvisingawanzoitika

ARDS inogonawo kuitika kubva kune zvirwere zvisingakanganisi mapapu ako zvakananga asi zvinoita kuti muviri wose ufare:

• Kuvira kwakakomba muropa rako (sepsis)
• Kukuvara kukuru kana kupiswa
• Pancreatitis (kuzvimba kwepakati)
• Kuita allergic reactions
• Kudhakwa kwemishonga, kunyanya kubva kuopioids kana cocaine
• Kuwedzerwa kweropa kwakawanda

Zvisingawanzoitika, mimwe mishonga kana nzira dzekurapa dzinogona kutungamira kuARDS. Izvi zvinosanganisira mimwe mishonga yekemotherapy, kufema kwenguva refu kwemichina, kana zvinetso panguva yekuvhiya.

Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti kuva nechimwe chezvirwere izvi hazvirevi kuti iwe uchava neARDS. Vanhu vakawanda vanosangana nezvinokonzera izvi vasingawane chirwere ichi, asi kuziva njodzi kunogona kukubatsira iwe nechikwata chako chekurapa kutarisa zviratidzo zvepakutanga.

Rini unofanira kuona chiremba nezve ARDS?

ARDS inonzi emergency yekurapa inoda kurapwa kwemangwana muchipatara. Unofanira kufona 911 kana kuenda kuchipatara nekukurumidza kana ukaona matambudziko makuru ekufemba, kunyanya kana akaitika nekukurumidza mushure mechirwere kana kukuvara.

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwekukurumidza kana ukaona:

• Kushaya mweya kwakanyanya kwenguva pfupi kwasingaiti nani nekuzorora
• Ruvara rwebhuruu pamativi emoyo, chiso, kana misumari
• Kufema nekukurumidza kunonzwa sekunge haugone kubata mweya
• Kusanzwisisa kana kuoma kufunga zvakanaka
• Kurwadziwa kwepurasi pamwe nematambudziko ekufemba

Usambomira kuedza kurapa aya maratidzo pamba kana kumirira kuona kana achizonzwa nani. ARDS inogona kuipa nekukurumidza, uye kurapwa kwekukurumidza mune intensive care unit kunowedzera zvikuru mhedzisiro.

Kana uri muchipatara nekuda kweimwe mamiriro uye ukaona matambudziko matsva ekufemba,udza chikwata chako chekurapa nekukurumidza. Dzimwe nguva ARDS inoitika semhedzisiro yezvirwere zviripo, uye kuziva nekukurumidza ndiko kiyi yekurapa kwakakodzera.

Ndeapi njodzi dzeARDS?

Zvinhu zvimwe zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wako wekuwana ARDS kana ukasangana nechirwere chinokonzera. Kunzwisisa aya njodzi kunogona kukubatsira iwe nechikwata chako chekurapa kuramba uchitarisa zviratidzo zvepakutanga.

Njodzi huru dzinosanganisira:

• Zera pamusoro pe65, sezvo vakuru vakwegura vane mapapu mashoma
• Kushandisa doro kwenguva refu, izvo zvinogona kusimbisa kudzivirira kwemapapu
• Nhoroondo yekusvuta, iyo inokuvadza tishu remapapu nekufamba kwenguva
• Zvirwere zvemapapu zviripo senge COPD kana pulmonary fibrosis
• Sisitimu yekudzivirira yakasimba kubva kune chirwere kana mishonga
• Zvirwere zvakakomba zviripo

Mimwe njodzi isingawanzoitika asi inokosha inosanganisira:

• Zvinhu zvemagariro zvinoita kuti muviri wako ubate kuzvimba
• Kushaya zvokudya, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kugona kwemuviri wako kuporeswa
• Kuita kuvhiya kukuru kana kuzorora kwenguva refu mubhedha
• Kutaura, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti kufema kuome

Kuva neaya njodzi hazvirevi kuti uchava neARDS, asi zvinoreva kuti unofanira kungwarira zvikuru pakudzivirira hutachiona uye kutsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza chero chirwere chakakomba kana kukuvara.

Ndeapi matambudziko anogona kuitika eARDS?

ARDS inogona kutungamira kune akawanda matambudziko akakomba, panguva yekukomba uye pakuporeswa. Aya matambudziko anoitika nekuti nhengo dzemuviri wako hadziwani oksijeni yakakwana, uye kurapwa kunodiwa dzimwe nguva kunogona kukonzera matambudziko avo.

Matambudziko anowanzoitika panguva yeARDS anosanganisira:

• Kukundikana kwenhengo dzakawanda, kunyanya kukanganisa itsvo, chiropa, nemwoyo
• Kuumbwa kwema clots mumakumbo kana mapapu nekuda kwekuzorora kwenguva refu mubhedha
• Mapapu akadonha (pneumothorax) kubva pakufema kwemichina
• Kuvira kwakakomba, kusanganisira pneumonia inobatanidzwa nekufema kwemichina
• Kuchengetedza mvura nekukwira kwemuviri wose

Matambudziko ekure refu anogona kukanganisa vanopona kunyange mushure mekupora:

• Kuora kwenguva refu kwemapapu kunoderedza kugona kwekufema
• Kushaya simba kwemhasuru nekuneta kubva pakuzorora kwenguva refu mubhedha
• Post-traumatic stress disorder kubva pane ruzivo rwe intensive care
• Matambudziko ekufunga nekuyeuka nekutarisa
• Kuora mwoyo nekushushikana zvine chekuita nekuporeswa

Kunyangwe aya matambudziko achinzwa atya, vanhu vakawanda vanoita zvakanaka pakuporeswa kweARDS nerurapwa rwakakodzera nekudzoreredzwa. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichaita zvese zvinogona kudzivirira matambudziko uye kugadzirisa chero chinowanikwa.

ARDS inozwiwa sei?

Kuzwiwa kweARDS kunosanganisira kutarisa zviratidzo zvako, nhoroondo yekurapa, uye bvunzo dzakawanda dzinoratidza kuti mapapu ako ari kushanda zvakanaka sei. Hapana bvunzo imwe chete inosimbisa ARDS, saka vanachiremba vanoshandisa ruzivo rwakawanda kuita kuongororwa.

Chiremba wako anotanga nekukutarisa uye kukubvunza nezve chirwere chekupedzisira, kukuvara, kana zvinhu zvinogona kuva zvakakonzera matambudziko emapapu. Vachatarira mapapu ako uye vachatarisa mazinga ako eoksijeni vachishandisa chishandiso chidiki pachigunwe chako.

Bvunzo huru dzinoshandiswa kuongorora ARDS dzinosanganisira:

• Chest X-ray kana CT scan kuona mvura mumapapu ako
• Bvunzo dzeropa kuti uone mazinga eoksijeni necarbon dioxide
• Blood cultures kutsvaga hutachiona
• Bvunzo dzemoyo kudzima matambudziko emwoyo
• Bronchoscopy kuongorora nzira dzako dzekufema kana zvichidiwa

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa zviyero zvakakosha kuongorora ARDS, kusanganisira kuti zviratidzo zvakakurumidza sei, kuti chest X-ray yako inoratidza chii, uye kuti matambudziko ako ekufemba akakomba sei. Izvi zvinovabatsira kusiyanisa ARDS kubva kune mamwe mamiriro emapapu anogona kutaridzika akafanana.

Maitiro ekurapa kazhinji anoitika nekukurumidza muchipatara kana mu intensive care unit, sezvo ARDS ichida kurapwa kwemangwana. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichatanga kurapwa kunotsigira uchishanda kusimbisa kuongororwa.

Kurapa kweARDS ndekupi?

Kurapa kweARDS kunotarisa pakutsigira kufema kwako nepo mapapu ako achirapa uye kugadzirisa chirwere chakakonzera chirwere ichi. Vanhu vakawanda vane ARDS vanoda kurapwa kwakakomba muchipatara chine michina yakakosha uye kuongororwa.

Kurapa kukuru ndiko kufema kwemichina, uko muchina unokubatsira kufema nekutumira oksijeni pasi pekumanikidza. Izvi hazvisi kurapwa kweoksijeni chete asi sisitimu yakaoma inogona kutumira huwandu hwakakwana hweoksijeni nekumisikidza kubatsira mapapu ako kushanda zvakanaka.

Chirongwa chako chekurapa chichava chinosanganisira:

• Kufema kwemichina nekumisikidza kwakanyatsoongororwa nemamiriro eoksijeni
• Mishonga yekurapa chikonzero chacho senge antibiotics yekurapa hutachiona
• Kudzora mvura kudzivirira kuwedzera kwemapapu
• Kurapa kwekuisa, dzimwe nguva kusanganisira kurara nechiso pasi
• Rutsigiro rwekudya kubatsira muviri wako kuporeswa
• Blood thinners kudzivirira clots

Mune zviitiko zvakakomba, vanachiremba vanogona kushandisa kurapwa kwakakwirira:

• ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) kutora basa remapapu kwenguva pfupi
• Mishonga yakakosha kuderedza kuzvimba
• Kurapwa kwenguva pfupi kuburikidza nemiedzo yekurapa

Chinangwa ndechekupa mapapu ako nguva yekurapa nepo kuchengetedza muviri wako wose uine hutano. Kurapa kunokosha uye kunogona kutora mavhiki kana mwedzi, asi vanhu vakawanda vanoita zvakanaka nerurapwa rwakakodzera.

Maitiro ekutsigira kuporeswa panguva yekurapa kweARDS?

Kuporeswa kweARDS inzira inononoka inoda kushivirira nekurapa kwakakwana. Apo chikwata chekurapa chinogadzirisa kurapwa kwemangwana, kune zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuchengetedza zvinobatsira muviri wako kuporeswa zvakanyanya.

Panguva yekukomba muICU, chikwata chako chekurapa chichatarisa pane:

• Kudzivirira hutachiona kuburikidza nekuchenesa kwakanyatsochengetwa nenheyo dzakachena
• Kuchengetedza kudya kuburikidza nekupa zvokudya kana IV nutrition
• Kurapa kwemuviri kudzivirira kushaya simba kwemhasuru kunyange uri mubhedha
• Rutsigiro rwepfungwa kwauri nemhuri yako panguva ino yakaoma
• Kuongororwa kwakanyatsoongororwa kuti ubate uye kurapa matambudziko nekukurumidza

Sezvaunotanga kuporeswa, kudzoreredzwa kunowedzera kukosha:

• Kupera kwenguva refu kubva kumuchina wekufema sezvo mapapu ako achiita zvakanaka
• Kuita kwemuviri kwakawanda kuvandudza simba
• Kufema maekisesaizi kuvandudza basa remapapu
• Occupational therapy kubatsira nemabasa ezuva nezuva
• Kurairwa kugadzirisa zvinhu zvepfungwa zvekuporeswa

Rutsigiro rwemhuri rine basa rinokosha mukuporeswa. Kuva nevanhu vaunoda vanobatanidzwa mukurapa kwako, vachikurudzira zvaunoda, uye kupa rutsigiro rwepfungwa kunogona kukanganisa zvikuru maitiro ako ekuporeswa.

Unofanira kugadzirira sei misangano yechiremba nezve ARDS?

Kana uri kuporeswa kubva kuARDS kana kutsigira mumwe munhu ari, kugadzirira misangano yekurapa kunogona kukubatsira kuti uwane zvakawanda kubva kuchikwata chako chekurapa. Aya hurukuro ndizvo zvakakosha pakutarisa kufambira mberi nekugadzirisa marongero ekurapa.

Usati wasangana nechikwata chako chekurapa,unganidza ruzivo rwakakosha:

• Rondedzera zviratidzo zvese zviripo uye kuti zvakachinja sei
• Nyora mishonga yese nedose yayo
• Cherechedza chero zvinetso zvitsva kana mibvunzo yaunayo
• Uye nemakopi emhedzisiro yebvunzo dzekupedzisira kana dziri kubva kuchipatara chakasiyana
• Iva neruzivo rwekutaurirana rwekukurumidza

Mibvunzo yaunogona kuda kubvunza chiremba wako inosanganisira:

• Mapapu angu ari kuporeswa sei, uye ndinofanira kutarisira chii chinotevera?
• Ndeapi maratidzo andinofanira kutarisa anogona kuratidza matambudziko?
• Basa rakawanda sei rakachengeteka kwandiri iye zvino?
• Chii chandingaita kuti nditsigire kuporeswa kwangu pamba?
• Rini ndinofanira kutevera, uye nevanachiremba vakapi?

Usazengurire kuuya nemumwe wemhuri kana shamwari kukubatsira kuyeuka ruzivo nekubvunza mibvunzo. Kuporeswa kweARDS kunogona kukanganisa, uye kuva nerutsigiro panguva yemisangano yekurapa kunokosha.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezve ARDS?

ARDS chirwere chakakomba asi chinorapika chinoda rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakakomba. Kunyange zvazvo zvingatyisa kusangana nekuongororwa uku, kunzwisisa kuti vanhu vakawanda vanoita zvakanaka nerurapwa rwakakodzera kunogona kupa tariro panguva yakaoma.

Chinhu chakakosha chokuyeuka ndechekuti ARDS inonzi emergency yekurapa. Kana ukaona matambudziko makuru ekufemba, kunyanya mushure mechirwere kana kukuvara, usamirire kutsvaga rubatsiro. Kuziva nekukurumidza nekurapa kunowedzera mhedzisiro.

Kuporeswa kweARDS kunotora nguva nekutsungirira, asi nekuvandudzika mukurapa nekudzoreredzwa kwakakwana, vanhu vakawanda vanorarama hupenyu hwazvo hwese, hwakazara. Chikwata chako chekurapa chiripo kukutsigira pane imwe nhanho yekurapa.

Tarisa pakutevera chirongwa chako chekurapa, kuramba uine hukama nehurongwa hwako hwemitsigiro, uye kutora kuporeswa zuva nezuva. Nerurapwa rwakakodzera nenguva, mapapu ako anogona kuporeswa, uye unogona kushanda pakudzoka kumabasa anokosha kwauri.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve ARDS

Unogona kuporeswa zvachose kubva kuARDS here?

Vanhu vakawanda vanoita zvakanaka pakuporeswa kweARDS, kunyange maitiro ekuporeswa achisiyana kubva kune munhu kune munhu. Vamwe vanhu vanodzokera pahuwandu hwavo hwemabasa, nepo vamwe vangave nemigumisiro yakasara pane basa remapapu avo kana hutano hwavo hwese. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa kuporeswa zvinosanganisira kuti ARDS yakakomba sei, kuti kurapwa kwakatanga nekukurumidza sei, hutano hwako hwese usati warwara, uye kuti unopindura sei kurapwa nekudzoreredzwa.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuporeswa kubva kuARDS?

Kuporeswa kweARDS kazhinji inzira inononoka inogona kutora mwedzi kusvika kumakore. Chikamu chekukurumidza muICU chingatora mavhiki akati wandei, ichiteverwa nemwedzi yekudzoreredzwa kuti uwane simba nebasa remapapu. Kuvandudzika kukuru kunoitika mugore rekutanga, asi vamwe vanhu vanoramba vachiona kuvandudzika kwenguva refu kweanenge makore maviri. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichavashandira newe kuisa zvinotarisirwa zvakakodzera zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo.

ARDS inobatsira here?

ARDS pachayo haisiyo inobatsira uye haigone kupararira kubva kune munhu kune munhu. Zvisinei, mamwe mamiriro anogona kutungamira kuARDS, senge mamwe marudzi e pneumonia kana mafuru, anogona kuva anobatsira. Kana mumwe munhu waunoziva ane ARDS, haufaniri kunetseka nezvekuibata kubva kwavari, asi unofanira kutevera chero matanho ekudzivirira hutachiona anokurudzirwa nechikwata chavo chekurapa.

Chii chinonzi survival rate yeARDS?

Survival rates yeARDS yakavandudzika zvikuru mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekurapwa kwakanaka uye intensive care. Parizvino, anenge 60-70% yevanhu vane ARDS vanopona, kunyange izvi zvichienderana nezvinhu senge zera, hutano hwese, uye zvakakonzera ARDS. Kunyange aya nhamba achinzwa akanyanya, yeuka kuti mamiriro emumwe munhu akaenzana, uye chikwata chako chekurapa chichavashandira nesimba kukupa mhedzisiro yakanaka.

ARDS inogona kuitika kakawanda here?

Kunyangwe zvichibvira kuti ARDS iitike zvakare, hazviwanzoitika kune vanhu vakawanda. Njodzi yako yekuwana ARDS zvakare inotsamira pahutano hwako hwese uye kana wakatarisana nezvinokonzera izvo zvakakonzera pakutanga. Vamwe vanhu vangave vane njodzi yakakwira zvishoma kana vakave nematambudziko emapapu kana mamiriro anoita kuti vave nyore kuvira, asi vanhu vakawanda vanopona ARDS havazombofi vakazowana zvakare.