Kukanganiswa kweAtrioventricular Canal: Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, Kurapwa

Kukanganiswa kweAtrioventricular canal chirwere chemwoyo chinovapo kubva pakuberekwa apo masvingo anoparadzanisa makamuri emwoyo haaumbike zvakanaka. Izvi zvinoita kuti pave nemavharo pakati pemakamuri epamusoro neepasi emwoyo, zvichibvumira ropa kusanganiswa kana zvisina kufanira.

Iyi mamiriro anoita kuti ropa rifambe zvisina kunaka mumwoyo wemwana wako, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti mwoyo ushande zvakanyanya kupfuura zvaanofanira. Kunyange zvazvo zvinonzwa zvakanyanya, vana vazhinji vane iyi mamiriro vanorarama hupenyu hwazvo hwese, hwese hwakazara, hwese hwakashanda nekuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera kwemishonga nekurapwa.

Chii chinonzi Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Kukanganiswa kweAtrioventricular canal kunoitika kana tishu inowanzo paradzanisa makamuri mana emwoyo isina kukura zvizere panguva yekuzvitakura. Panzvimbo pekuva nemasvingo akasimba pakati pemakamuri, pane mavharo anobvumira ropa kufamba kwaisafanira.

Mwoyo wako une makamuri mana - maviri epamusoro anonzi atria maviri epasi anonzi ventricles. Kazhinji, ropa risina oksijeni rinoramba ruri kurutivi rwerudyi nepo ropa rine oksijeni rinoramba ruri kurutivi rweruboshwe. Neichi chikanganiso, ropa rinopindirana pakati peizvi mativi, zvinoreva kuti muviri wako ungasawani ropa rakakwana rine oksijeni.

Iyi mamiriro anonziwo atrioventricular septal defect kana endocardial cushion defect. Iri rimwe remamiriro akaoma emwoyo anowanikwa kubva pakuberekwa, zvinoreva kuti aripo kubva pakuberekwa uye anokanganisa zvikamu zvakawanda zvechimiro chemwoyo.

Ndeapi Marudzi eAtrioventricular Canal Defect?

Kune marudzi maviri makuru eichi chikanganiso chemwoyo, uye kunzwisisa kuti ndechipi chimiro chinoita kuti mwana wako azive vanachiremba kuronga nzira yakanakisa yekurapa.

Partial atrioventricular canal defect inosanganisira kuvhurwa kwemasvingo ari pakati pemakamuri maviri epamusoro emwoyo. Mavharuvhu emwoyo anodzora kufamba kweropa angave ane chimiro chisina kujairika, asi achiri akaparadzana. Iyi mhando kazhinji inokonzera zviratidzo zvishoma uye ingave isinganzwisisike kusvika gare gare muhudiki.

Complete atrioventricular canal defect yakaoma zvikuru, ine mavharo ari mumadziro epamusoro neepasi. Mavharuvhu emwoyo anosanganiswawo, achiumba vharuvhu hombe panzvimbo pemavharuvhu maviri akaparadzana. Iyi mhando kazhinji inokonzera zviratidzo kare muhudiki nekuti ropa rinopindirana zvakanyanya.

Vana vamwe vane izvo vanachiremba vanonzi chimiro chepakati kana chekuchinja, icho chinowanikwa pakati pekuzara nekuzara. Pediatric cardiologist yako ichaona kuti mwana wako ane rudzii uchishandisa bvunzo dzemwoyo nemafambisirwo emifananidzo.

Ndeapi Zviratidzo zveAtrioventricular Canal Defect?

Zviratidzo zvinoratidzwa nemwana wako zvinoenderana nekuti kukanganiswa kwacho kwakakura sei uye kuti ropa rakawanda sei rinopindirana mumwoyo wavo. Vana vamwe vanoratidza zviratidzo pakutanga, nepo vamwe vangave vasina zviratidzo zvakajeka kwemwedzi kana kunyange makore.

Heano zviratidzo zvakajairika zvinocherechedzwa nevabereki muvana vaduku nevana vaduku:

• Kuomesa kudya kana kudya, nevana vachinetsa nekukurumidza panguva yekunwa kana kubikira mwana
• Kukura kwemuviri kusina kunaka kunyange zvazvo vakadyisa zvakanaka, sezvo mwoyo unofanira kushanda zvakanyanya
• Kufema kukurumidza kana kuoma, kunyanya panguva yekutamba kana kudya
• Ruvara rwebhuruu rakapoteredza miromo, misumari, kana ganda, kunyanya panguva yekuchema kana kuita zvemitambo
• Kuwedzera kwekutambudzika panguva yekudya kana basa rakaoma
• Kuwedzera kwehutachiona hwemhepo kana pneumonia
• Kuneta kana kuita seasingashandi sevamwe vana vane makore avo

Sezvo vana vakura, ungacherechedza kuti havafaniri kuenderana nevamwe vana panguva yekutamba. Vangada zororo kazhinji kana kudzivisa zvinhu zvinoita kuti vanzwe vasingakwanisi kufema.

Vana vamwe vane zvimiro zvishoma zveiyi mamiriro vangave vasina kuratidza zviratidzo zvakajeka kusvika vave vadiki kana kunyange vachikura. Ndosaka bvunzo dzevana dzakakosha - chiremba wako anogona kuona kuchema kwemwoyo kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvishoma panguva yekutarisa kazhinji.

Chii Chinokonzera Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Iyi kukanganiswa kwemwoyo kunoitika mukati memavhiki masere ekutanga ekuzvitakura apo mwoyo wemwana wako uri kuumbwa. Chikonzero chaicho hachizivikanwi nguva dzose, asi chinoitika kana tishu inofanira kuparadzanisa makamuri emwoyo isina kukura zvakanaka panguva ino yakakosha.

Kazhinji kazhinji zvinoitika pasina chikonzero chaicho kana chiito chevabereki chinozvikonzera. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti hapana chawakaita kana kusaita panguva yekuzvitakura chakakonzera iyi mamiriro - inzira iyo mwoyo wemwana wako wakakura nayo.

Nekudaro, kune zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wekukanganiswa uku kuitika:

• Mamiriro ezvemagariro, kunyanya Down syndrome, iyo inobatanidzwa neanenge 40-50% yeatrioventricular canal defects
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yekukanganiswa kwemwoyo kunowanikwa kubva pakuberekwa
• Mishonga yakatorwa panguva yekuzvitakura kwekutanga
• Chirwere cheshuga cheamai chisina kudzorwa zvakanaka panguva yekuzvitakura
• Hutachiona hweamai panguva yekuzvitakura kwekutanga, sekuru rubella
• Kunwa doro zvakanyanya panguva yekuzvitakura

Kunyangwe nezvinhu izvi zvinokonzera njodzi zviripo, vana vazhinji vanoberekwa nemwoyo yakajairika. Vakawanda veatrioventricular canal defects vanoitika mumhuri dzisina nhoroondo yematambudziko emwoyo kare.

Rini Unoona Chiremba Nekuda kweAtrioventricular Canal Defect?

Kana ukaona chero zviratidzo zvinokunetsa nezvekufema kwemwana wako, kudya, kana mazinga emagetsi, zviri nani kuti vatariswe nekukurumidza pane gare gare. Tenda pfungwa dzako sevabereki - unoziva mwana wako zvakanaka.

Taura nachiremba wako nekukurumidza kana mwana wako akaratidza chero chimwe chezviratidzo izvi:

• Kuomesa kufema kwenguva refu kana kufema kukurumidza, kunyanya panguva yekuzorora
• Ruvara rwebhuruu rakapoteredza miromo, chiso, kana misumari
• Kudya kusina kunaka nekuneta zvakanyanya panguva yekudya
• Kukundikana kukura kunyange zvazvo vakadyisa zvakanaka
• Kuneta kwakanyanya kana kusakwanisa kuenderana nezviitiko zvakajairika
• Kuwedzera kwehutachiona hwemhepo

Fonera masevhisi ekukurumidza kana mwana wako akaoma kufema zvakanyanya, avachena kana bhuruu, kana achiratidza kuneta kwakanyanya uye asingapindure. Izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zvekuti mwoyo wavo hausi kupomba zvakakwana kuti usangane nezvinodiwa nemuviri wavo.

Yeuka kuti kuonekwa nekukurumidza nekurapwa kunoita kuti zvibudirire zvakanaka. Vana vazhinji vane iyi mamiriro vanoita zvakanaka kana kuchengetedzwa kwavo kuchitarisirwa nevanachiremba vezvemwoyo vane ruzivo.

Ndeapi Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Njodzi yeAtrioventricular Canal Defect?

Kunyangwe kazhinji kazhinji zvinoitika pasina chikonzero, zvinhu zvimwe zvinogona kuwedzera mikana yemwana kuberekwa neichi chikanganiso chemwoyo. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi zvinogona kukubatsira kuziva kuti chii chaunofanira kutarisira uye kana kuchengetedzwa kwakanyanya kungadiwa.

Chikonzero chakakura kwazvo ndicho Down syndrome, sezvo hafu ye vana vane iyi mamiriro ezvemagariro vanewo atrioventricular canal defects. Kana mwana wako ane Down syndrome, timu yako yekurapa ichaongorora mwoyo wavo zvakanyanya kubva pakuberekwa.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi zvinosanganisira:

• Nhoroondo yemhuri yekukanganiswa kwemwoyo kunowanikwa kubva pakuberekwa muvabereki kana hama
• Zera remai rakapfuura 35 panguva yekubata
• Chirwere cheshuga chisina kudzorwa zvakanaka muamai panguva yekuzvitakura
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvemagariro kunze kweDown syndrome
• Kuonekwa nemishonga chaiyo panguva yekuzvitakura kwekutanga
• Hutachiona hweamai serubella panguva yekutanga trimester

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kuva nezvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi hazvirevi kuti mwana wako achava neicho chimiro. Vana vazhinji vanoberekwa kunaamai vane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokonzera njodzi vane mwoyo yakajairika, nepo vamwe vasina zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi vachiri kukwanisa kukura kukanganiswa kwemwoyo.

Ndeapi Matambudziko Anogona Kuitika eAtrioventricular Canal Defect?

Pasina kurapwa kwakakodzera, iyi kukanganiswa kwemwoyo kunogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba nekufamba kwenguva. Nekudaro, nekuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera kwemishonga nekuvhiyiwa kana zvichidiwa, akawanda ematambudziko aya anogona kudzivirirwa kana kutarisirwa zvakanaka.

Matambudziko akajairika anogona kukura anosanganisira:

• Kukundikana kwemwoyo, uko mwoyo unova wakasimba zvakanyanya kupomba ropa zvakakwana mumuviri wese
• Hypertension yepulmonary, izvo zvinoreva kuti kumanikidzwa kweropa mumapapu kubva pakufamba kweropa kwakanyanya
• Kuwedzera kwehutachiona hwemhepo nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemvura mumapapu
• Kukura kwemuviri kusina kunaka nekuda kwemwoyo isingapi oksijeni yakakwana kune tishu dzinosimukira
• Kufamba kwemwoyo kwasingajairiki kunogona kukanganisa kuti mwoyo unopomba sei
• Zvikwambo zveropa zvingafamba kuenda kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri

Matambudziko akakomba asi asingawanzoitika anogona kusanganisira stroke, kunyanya muvana vane chimiro chakazara chekukanganiswa. Vana vamwe vangave vakakurawo mamiriro anonzi Eisenmenger syndrome, uko midziyero yeropa mumapapu inokuvadzwa zvachose nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.

Mashoko akanaka ndeakuti kuvhiyiwa kwekukurumidza kunoderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yeiyi matambudziko. Vana vazhinji vanoita kuvhiyiwa panguva yakakodzera vanorarama hupenyu hwakanaka, hwakajairika vane njodzi shoma kwazvo yematambudziko emwoyo akakomba.

Atrioventricular Canal Defect Inozwi Sei?

Kuziva kazhinji kunotanga kana chiremba wako wevana akanzwa ruzha rwemwoyo rusingajairiki rinonzi murmur panguva yekutarisa kazhinji. Hazvisi zvese kuchema kwemwoyo kunoratidza matambudziko, asi chiremba wako achatsvaga zvakawanda kuti aone kuti mwoyo wemwana wako uri kushanda zvakanaka.

Danho rekutanga kazhinji ndiro echocardiogram, iyo yakafanana neultrasound yemwoyo. Iyi bvunzo inoshandisa mafungu esound kuita mifananidzo yakajeka yemukati wemwoyo wemwana wako uye inoratidza kuti ropa rinofamba sei kuburikidza nemakamuri. Hazvina marwadzo uye hazvidi tsono kana mishonga.

Chiremba wako angave akarayirawo idzi bvunzo dzakawedzerwa:

• Chest X-ray kuona saizi nechimiro chemwoyo nemaphuphu
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) kuongorora basa remagetsi remwoyo uye rhythm
• Cardiac catheterization mune zvimwe zviitiko, uko chubhu diki inoiswa mumidziyero yeropa kuti uwane kuyerwa kwakajeka kwemanikidzwa
• CT scan kana MRI yemifananidzo yakajeka yemukati wemwoyo

Dzimwe nguva iyi mamiriro anoonekwa usati waberekwa panguva ye ultrasound yekuzvitakura kazhinji. Kana vanachiremba vakafungidzira kukanganiswa kwemwoyo panguva yekuzvitakura, ungave une fetal echocardiogram yakasarudzika kuti uwane mufananidzo wakajeka wekukura kwemwoyo wemwana wako.

Kuwana kuziva kwakajeka kunobatsira timu yako yekurapa kuronga nzira yakanakisa yekurapa uye nguva yemwana wako mamiriro chaiwo.

Kurapwa kweAtrioventricular Canal Defect

Kurapwa kunotsamira pane rudzi uye kukura kwechikanganiso chemwoyo chemwana wako. Chinangwa chikuru ndechekudzorera kufamba kweropa kwakajairika kuburikidza nemwoyo uye kudzivirira matambudziko kubva pakukura nekufamba kwenguva.

Kune kukanganiswa kwakapfava kwakakomba nezviratidzo zvishoma, vanachiremba vangangotanga kutarisa mwana wako zvakanyanya panguva yekutarisira zviratidzo nemishonga. Mishonga iyi inogona kubatsira mwoyo kupomba zvakanyanya uye kuderedza kuunganidzwa kwemvura mumapapu.

Kuviyiwa ndiko kurapwa kwakakosha kwevana vazhinji vane iyi mamiriro. Nguva inoenderana nezviratidzo zvemwana wako uye kuti mwoyo wavo uri kushanda zvakanaka sei:

• Kukanganiswa kwakazara kazhinji kunoda kuvhiyiwa mukati memwedzi 6-12 ekutanga ehupenyu
• Kukanganiswa kwakapfava kungagadziriswa pakati pemakore 2-5, kana kare kana zviratidzo zvikakura
• Kuviyiwa kwekukurumidza kungadiwa kana kukundikana kwemwoyo kwakakomba kukura

Panguva yekuvhiyiwa, nyanzvi yekuvhiya yemwoyo inovhara mavharo asingajairiki nemapatches uye inogadzirisa kana kutsiva mavharuvhu emwoyo asingajairiki. Vana vazhinji vanoda kuvhiyiwa kamwe chete, kunyange vamwe vangada mamwe maitiro sezvo vakura.

Mwero wekubudirira kwekuvhiyiwa wakakwira kwazvo, kunyanya kana zvaitwa kumakoreji emwoyo evana. Vana vazhinji vanodzoka zvakanaka uye vanogona kubatanidzwa mumabasa ehutano ehukuru mukati memwedzi mishoma mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Nzira Yekupa Kuchengetedzwa Kweimba Panguva Yekurapwa?

Kutarisa mwana ane iyi mamiriro emwoyo kumba kunosanganisira kutarisa zviratidzo zvavo, kutevera maitiro emishonga, uye kugadzira nharaunda inotsigira hutano hwavo nekukura.

Usati waopera, tarisa pakubatsira mwana wako kuchengetedza simba uye kukura zvakanaka sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinogona kureva kupa zviduku, zvokudya zvakawanda kana kudya kuri kuoma, kana kubvumira nguva yakawanda yekuzorora zuva rese.

Heano zvikamu zvakakosha zvekuchengetedzwa kumba:

• Pa mishonga chaizvo sezvakarayirwa, kunyange kana mwana wako achiratidzika kunge ari kunzwa zvakanaka
• Tarisa kukura kwemuviri uye ripoti chero kurasikirwa kwemuviri kwakapotsa kana kudya kusina kunaka kuchiremba wako
• Tarisa kuchinja mumaitiro ekufema kana kuwedzera kuoma nezviitiko
• Dzivirira hutachiona nekugara uchitaura nezvekuzvidzivirira uye kuita kuchena kwakanaka
• Chengeta bvunzo dzekutevera kazhinji ne pediatric cardiologist yako

Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, mwana wako achida nguva yekurapa, asi vana vazhinji vanodzoka nekukurumidza kwazvo. Tevera mirairo yenyanzvi yako yekuvhiya nezvemiganho yekutamba, kuchengetedzwa kwemavari, uye kana kudzoka kumabasa akajairika.

Yeuka kuti mwana wese anodzoka nekukurumidza kwavo. Vana vamwe vanonzwa zvakanaka mukati memavhiki, nepo vamwe vangatora mwedzi mishoma kuti vadzoke simba ravo rakazara nesimba.

Ungagadzirira Sei Bvunzo Yako neChiremba?

Kugadzirira zvakanaka mabvunzo ekurapa kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana ruzivo runobatsira zvikuru uye unonzwa wakavimbika nezvechirongwa chekuchengetedzwa chemwanakwo. Nyora mibvunzo yako usati watanga kuti usakanganwa zvinhu zvakakosha panguva yekushanya.

Uya neruzivo rwakakwana rwemishonga kana zvinowedzerwa zvinotorwa nemwana wako, kusanganisira zviyero nenguva. Unganidzawo chero mibvunzo yapfuura, marekodhi ekurapa, kana ruzivo rwekutaurirana kubva kune vamwe vanachiremba.

Funga kugadzirira mibvunzo iyi kune timu yako yekurapa:

• Mwana wangu ane rudzii rwe atrioventricular canal defect?
• Kuviyiwa kuchadiwa rini, uye chii chinobatanidzwa nechiitiko ichocho?
• Ndeapi zviratidzo zvinofanira kundikurudzira kufona kwauri nekukurumidza?
• Kune miganho yekutamba here inofanira kuteverwa nemwanakwo?
• Tichada bvunzo dzekutevera kazhinji sei?
• Chii chinotarirwa kwenguva refu chemwanakwo?

Usanetseka kukumbira kujeka kana mazwi ekurapa kana mapurogiramu ekurapa achiratidzika kunge akapfupika. Timu yako yekuchengetedza hutano inoda kuve nechokwadi chekuti unonzwisisa zvizere mamiriro emwana wako uye unonzwa wakasununguka nechirongwa chekuchengetedzwa.

Uya nebhulogi kana kukumbira kana uchigona kurekodha zvikamu zvakakosha zvehurukuro. Ruzivo rwekurapa runogona kunge rwakanyanya, uye kuva nemaonero ekutarisa gare gare kunogona kubatsira kwazvo.

Chii Chinonyanya Kukosha Nezve Atrioventricular Canal Defect?

Kunyangwe kudzidza kuti mwana wako ane kukanganiswa kwemwoyo kunogona kunzwa kunotyisa, zvakakosha kuziva kuti atrioventricular canal defects ndiwo mamiriro anozivikanwa zvakanaka ane zvibudiriro zvakanaka zve kurapwa. Vana vazhinji vanowana kuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera vanorarama hupenyu hwese hwakanaka.

Kiyi yekubudirira kushanda nevanachiremba vezvemwoyo vane ruzivo vanogona kukutungamira kuburikidza nechirongwa chekurapa. Matekinoroji ekurapa anoita kuti kugadzirisa iyi kukanganiswa kuve kwakachengeteka uye kwakabudirira, nemwero wekubudirira unopfuura 95% kumakoreji makuru emwoyo evana.

Timu yekurapa yemwana wako ichagadzira chirongwa chekuchengetedzwa chakagadzirirwa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwavo rwe kukanganiswa uye hutano hwese. Nekurapwa kwakakodzera, vana vazhinji vane iyi mamiriro vanogona kubatanidzwa mumabasa ese ehutano ehukuru, kusanganisira mitambo nezvimwe zviitiko zvemuviri.

Yeuka kuti hausi wega munzira iyi. Mhuri dzakawanda dzakafamba nzira iyi usati wasvika, uye kune zviwanikwa zvakanaka zvekupa rubatsiro zviripo kukubatsira kufamba nezvinhu zvekurapa nepfungwa dzekutarisira mwana wako.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo Kubvunzwa Nezve Atrioventricular Canal Defect

Mwana wangu achaita mitambo here mushure mekuvhiyiwa?

Vana vazhinji vanogona kubatanidzwa mumabasa emuviri akajairika nemitambo mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwakabudirira. Pediatric cardiologist yako ichaongorora basa remwoyo wemwana wako uye ichapa mirairo chaiyo nezvemazinga ekushanda. Vana vazhinji vane atrioventricular canal defects yakagadziriswa vanobatanidzwa mumitambo yekukwikwidzana pasina miganho, nepo vamwe vangave vane miganho shoma pane zviitiko zvakanyanya.

Kwenguva yakareba sei mwana wangu achada kutora mishonga yemwoyo?

Zvinodiwa nemishonga zvinosiyana zvinoenderana nemamiriro emwana wako chaiwo uye kuti mwoyo wavo uri kushanda zvakanaka sei mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Vana vamwe vanoda mishonga chete kwenguva pfupi usati wasvika uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa, nepo vamwe vangave vachida kwenguva refu kubatsira mwoyo wavo kushanda zvakanaka. Cardiologist yako ichaongorora nguva dzose kana mishonga ichiri kudiwa uye ichashandura chirongwa chekurapa sezvo mwana wako akura.

Iyi mamiriro anogona kuitika zvakare kana ndikave nemwana mumwe?

Njodzi yekuve nemwana mumwe ane kukanganiswa kwemwoyo kunowanikwa kubva pakuberekwa yakakwira zvishoma pane avhareji, asi ichiri shoma. Mhuri dzakawanda hadina mwana mumwe ane mamiriro akafanana. Chiremba wako angakurudzira genetic counseling kukurukura njodzi dzemhuri yako chaiyo uye sarudzo dzebvunzo dziripo panguva yekuzvitakura kwenguva yemberi.

Mwana wangu achada mamwe maoperesheni emwoyo sezvo vakura?

Vana vazhinji vanoda kuvhiyiwa kamwe chete kugadzirisa atrioventricular canal defect yavo. Nekudaro, vana vamwe vangada mamwe maitiro sezvo vakura, kunyanya kana mavharuvhu emwoyo asingashandi zvakanaka mushure mekugadzirisa kwekutanga. Cardiologist yemwana wako ichaongorora basa remwoyo wavo nekufamba kwenguva uye ichatumira mamwe kurapwa kana zvichidiwa.

Nguva yakareba sei mushure mekuvhiyiwa mwana wangu anogona kudzoka kumabasa akajairika?

Nguva yekudzorera inoenderana, asi vana vazhinji vanogona kudzoka zvishoma nezvishoma kumabasa akajairika mukati memavhiki 6-8 mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Nyanzvi yako yekuvhiya ichapa mirairo chaiyo nezvemiganho yekukwidza, kana mwana wako anogona kudzoka kuchikoro, uye kana vangadzokera kumabasa emuviri. Vana vazhinji vanonzwa zvakanaka mukati memavhiki ekutanga uye vanoramba vachivandudza mukati memwedzi inotevera.