Botulism

Botulism chirwere chisingaperi asi chakakomba chinokonzerwa nechepfu inorwisa matumbo emuviri. Botulism inogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvinotyisa upenyu. Rudzi rwebhakitiriya rinonzi Clostridium botulinum ndiro rinogadzira chepfu iyi. Botulism inogona kuitika semugumisiro wechikafu kana kukuvara kwezvibanda. Chirwere ichi chinogonawo kuitika kana mabhakitiriya spores akakura mumatumbu evana vaduku. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, botulism inogonawo kukonzerwa nekurapwa kwemishonga kana bioterrorism.

Mafomu matatu akajairika ebotulism ndeiyi:

• Botulism inobva muchikafu. Mabhakitiriya anokuvadza anokura uye anoita chepfu munzvimbo dzine oksijeni shoma, sekudyiwa kwekumba kwakabikwa.
• Botulism yekukuvara. Kana mabhakitiriya aya apinda mukukata, anogona kukonzera hutachiona hune ngozi hunogadzira chepfu.
• Botulism yevana vaduku. Iyi ndiyo fomu yakajairika ye botulism inotanga mushure mekupenya kweC. botulinum mabhakitiriya akakura mumatumbu emwana. Kazhinji inoitika muvana vane makore maviri kusvika masere. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, iyi fomu ye intestinal botulism inokanganisawo vakuru.

Dzimwe nguva, botulism inoitika kana chepfu yakawanda ye botulinum ichisanganiswa nekushongedza kana zvikonzero zvekurapa. Iyi fomu isingawanzoitika inonzi iatrogenic botulism. Shoko rokuti "iatrogenic" rinoreva chirwere chinokonzerwa nekuongororwa kwemishonga kana kurapwa.

Fomu imwe isingawanzoitika ye botulism inogona kuitika kubva pakufema chepfu. Izvi zvinogona kuitika semugumisiro we bioterrorism.

Mafomu ese ebotulism anogona kuuraya uye anoonekwa senzvimbo dzezvekurapa dzekuchengetedza.

Zviratidzo zvebotulism inokonzerwa nezvokudya zvinowanzo tanga maawa gumi nemaviri kusvika makumi matatu nemasere mushure mekunge chepfu chapinda mumuviri wako. Asi zvichienderana nehuwandu hwechpfu chawakadyiwa, kutanga kwezviratidzo kunogona kubva pamaawa mashoma kusvika kumazuva mashoma. Zviratidzo zvebotulism inokonzerwa nezvokudya zvinosanganisira: Kunetseka kumira kana kutaura Muromo wakaoma Kushaya simba kumeso kurutivi rwose rwekumeso Kuona kusapfava kana kuona zvinhu zviviri Zvipfeko zvinodonha Kunetseka kufema Kurutsa, kurutsa uye marwadzo emudumbu Kuremara Zviratidzo zvebotulism yekukuvara zvinooneka anenge mazuva gumi mushure mekunge chepfu chapinda mumuviri wako. Zviratidzo zvebotulism yekukuvara zvinosanganisira: Kunetseka kumira kana kutaura Kushaya simba kumeso kurutivi rwose rwekumeso Kuona kusapfava kana kuona zvinhu zviviri Zvipfeko zvinodonha Kunetseka kufema Kuremara Nzvimbo iri pedyo nekuvara inogona kunge isingatarisiki yakazvimba uye ichiratidza kuchinja kwevara. Matambudziko anowanzo tanga maawa gumi nemasere kusvika makumi matatu nemasere mushure mekunge chepfu chapinda mumuviri wemwana. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira: Kuvimbiswa, izvo kazhinji chiratidzo chekutanga Kufamba kwakasununguka nekuda kwekushaya simba tsandanyama uye kunetseka kudzora musoro Kuchema kusina simba Kushatirwa Kuyerera kwemashuga Zvipfeko zvinodonha Kuneta Kunetseka kunwa kana kudya Kuremara Zvimwe zviratidzo hazviwanzoitika nebotulism. Semuenzaniso, botulism kazhinji haikwidzi kuwedzera kweropa kana kuwedzera kwemoyo kana kukonzera fivha kana kusanzwisisa. Dzimwe nguva, zvisinei, botulism yekukuvara inogona kukonzera fivha. Mu iatrogenic botulism — apo chepfu chinopfurwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekunaka kana zvekurapa — kwave nekuitika kushoma kwezvinhu zvakaipa zvakakomba. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kurwadziwa kwemusoro, kuremara kumeso, uye kushaya simba kwetsandanyama. Tsvaka kurapwa nekukurumidza kana uchifunga kuti une botulism. Kurapwa kwekutanga kunowedzera mikana yako yekupona uye kunoderedza njodzi yako yematambudziko. Kuwana kurapwa nekukurumidza kunogona zvakare kuzivisa vakuru vehutano nezvekuitika kwebotulism inokonzerwa nezvokudya. Vanogona kukwanisa kudzivirira vanhu vamwe kuti vasadye chikafu chakaoneka. Rangarira, zvisinei, kuti botulism haigone kupararira kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe munhu. Kuunganidzwa kwakasiyana kwebotulism — kunyanya muvanhu vasina hukama hwakajeka — kunokura mumaawa gumi nemaviri kusvika makumi mana nemasere kunogona kusimudzira kutenda kwe bioterrorism.

Tsvaga kurapwa kwekukurumidza kwemishonga kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti une botulism. Kurapwa kwekutanga kuwedzera mikana yako yekupona uye kuderedza njodzi yako yematambudziko.

Kuwana kurapwa kwemishonga nekukurumidza kunogona zvakare kuzivisa vakuru vehutano hweveruzhinji nezve zviitiko zvebotulism inotapurirwa nechikafu. Vanogona kukwanisa kudzivirira vanhu vamwe kuti varege kudya chikafu chakaoneka. Rangarira, zvisinei, kuti botulism haigone kutapurirana kubva kune munhu kuenda kune mumwe munhu.

Bopoto isingawanzoitika ye botulism — kunyanya kune vanhu vasina hukama hwakajeka — iyo inoitika mumaawa anenge 12 kusvika ku48 inogona kusimudzira kutenda kwe bioterrorism.

Chikonzero chakajairika che botulism inowanikwa mukudya ndicho chikafu chekumba chakasvibiswa zvisina kunaka kana kuchengetedzwa. Zvikafu izvi kazhinji zvinosanganisira michero, miriwo, uye hove. Zvimwe zvikafu, zvakadai semapapiro anopisa (chiles), mabhanana akabikwa akaputirwa ne foil uye mafuta akasanganiswa negariki, zvinogonawo kuva chikonzero che botulism.

Kana mabhakitiriya eC. botulinum apinda muhurema, anogona kuwanda uye kugadzira chepfu. Hurema ihwohwo hunogona kuva kucheka kwakanga kusina kucherechedzwa. Kana hurema hunogona kukonzerwa nekuvadzwa kwakanyanya kana kuvhiya.

Botulism yemahurema yakawedzera mumakore achangopfuura muvanhu vanozvipinza heroin, iyo inogona kuve nema spores ebhakitiriya. Kutaura zvazviri, rudzi urwu rwe botulism rwakajairika muvanhu vanozvipinza heroin ye black tar.

Vacheche vanowana botulism yevacheche kana ma spores ebhakitiriya apinda mumatumbu avo uye agadzira chepfu. Muzviitiko zvimwe, chikonzero che botulism yevacheche chingave huchi. Asi zvinonyanya kukosha kuve nechokuita nekuiswa muvhu rakafarirwa nema bacteria. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, rudzi urwu rwe botulism yematumbu runokanganisawo vakuru.

Zvisingawanzoitika, botulism inoitika kana chepfu yakawanda ye botulinum ichipinzwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekunaka, zvakadai sekubvisa ma wrinkles, kana nezvikonzero zvekuchiremba, zvakadai sekurapa migraines.

Nekuda kwekukanganisa kutonga kwemhasuru mumuviri wose, botulinum toxin inogona kukonzera matambudziko mazhinji. Ngozi huru pakarepo ndeyekuti haugone kufema. Kusakwanisa kufema chikonzero chakajairika chekufa mu botulism. Matambudziko mamwe, anoda kurapwa kwekudzoreredzwa, anogona kusanganisira:

• Kuomerwa kutaura
• Dambudziko rekumera
• Kushaya simba kwenguva refu
• Kufema kushoma

Shanisa nzira dzakakodzera kana uchigadzira kana kuchengetedza zvokudya pamba kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti hutachiona hwebotulism hunoparadzwa. Zvakakoshawo kugadzirira nekuchengeta zvokudya zvakanaka: Isa zvokudya zvakabikwa pamba muhari ine pressure cooker pa 250 degrees Fahrenheit (121 Celsius) kwemaminitsi makumi maviri kusvika zana, zvichienderana nezvokudya. Funga nezvekubika zvokudya izvi kwemaminitsi gumi usati wazvidya. Usadya zvokudya zvakachengetedzwa kana chirongo chacho chakatumbuka kana zvokudya zvichinhuwa. Asi, kuravira kunhuwa hazvizosimbisi nguva dzose kuvapo kwe C. botulinum. Mamwe marudzi haaiti zvokudya zvinhuwa kana kuravira zvisina kujairika. Kana ukaputira mabhanana mu foil usati wabika, adye akapisa. Sunungura foil uye chengetedza mabhanana mufiriji - kwete pakuwanda kwemhepo. Chengetedza mafuta emumba akasanganiswa negariki kana zvinonhuwira mufiriji. Arase mushure memazuva mana. Isa zvokudya zvakabikwa mufiriji kana wazvizivira. Kuti udzivise wound botulism nezvimwe zvirwere zvakakomba zvinofamba neropa, usambozvipinza kana kufema mishonga yemumugwagwa. Chengeta maronda akachena kudzivirira hutachiona. Kana uchifunga kuti ronda rakazota, tsvaka kurapwa nekukurumidza. Kuti uderedze njodzi ye infant botulism, dzivisa kupa huchi - kunyangwe kuravira kushoma - kuvana vane makore pasi pegore rimwe chete. Kuti udzivise iatrogenic botulism, iva nechokwadi chekuenda kune mushandi wehutano ane rezinesi chero kupi zvako kwakagadzirwa kwemuviri kana kurapwa uchishandisa marudzi akasiyana ebotulinum toxin. Izvi zvinosanganisira onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox), abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport) nezvimwewo.

Kuti aone kana munhu ane botulism, chiremba anoongorora kana paine kushaya simba remunyoro kana kuora. Chiremba anotarisa zviratidzo zvakaita semaziso anodonha uye inzwi rakasimba. Chiremba anobvunza nezvekudya kwawakadya mumazuva mashoma apfuura. Anoramba achiedza kuona kana wakasangana nemabhakitiriya chero kupi kuburikidza nemuromo.

Muitiro webotulism yevacheche, chiremba angabvunza kana mwana wako adya uchi munguva pfupi yapfuura. Chiremba angabvunzawo kana mwana wako ane manyoka kana kuti haana kuita zvakawanda sezvaaiita.

Kuongororwa kweropa, manyowa, kana kurutsa kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti pane chepfu kunogona kubatsira kusimbisa chirwere chebotulism yevacheche kana yekudya. Asi kuwana mhinduro dzekuongororwa uku kunogona kutora mazuva. Saka bvunzo yechiremba ndiyo nzira huru yekuziva botulism.