Chii chinonzi Chondrosarcoma? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Chondrosarcoma rudzi rwekenza yemapfupa inokura mumacartilage cells (masero anoumba cartilage kana kuti ganda rakapfava riri pakati pemapfupa). Iyo yechipiri yakajairika kenza yemapfupa, kunyange zvazvo ichiri shoma kwazvo. Iyi kenza kazhinji inokura zvishoma nezvishoma uye kazhinji inokanganisa vakuru vane makore ari pakati pe40 ne70, kunyange zvazvo ingangoitika pazera ripi zvaro.

Kusiyana nemamwe marudzi ekenza, chondrosarcoma kazhinji inoramba iri panzvimbo imwe chete kwenguva yakareba usati yapararira. Izvi zvinopa vanachiremba nevarwere nguva yakawanda yekuronga kurapwa uye kazhinji zvinoita kuti zvibudirire zviri nani kana zvakawanikwa pakutanga.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechondrosarcoma?

Chiratidzo chekutanga chinonyanya kuzivikanwa kurwadziwa kwenguva refu mubone kana joini yakabatwa. Iyi kurwadziwa kazhinji inotanga sekutambudzika kwakapfava kunouya nekuenda, wobva yava yakasimba uye yakanyanya kupfuura mavhiki kana mwedzi.

Ungacherechedza zviratidzo zvakati wandei sezvo tumor ikakura:

• Kurwadziwa kwenguva refu mubone kana joini kunowedzera usiku
• Kutemwa kana bhonzo rinoratidzika pedyo nenzvimbo yakabatwa
• Kusagadzikana kana kufamba kwakaderera mumajoini ari pedyo
• Kuparara kwakashamisira mubone rakabatwa
• Kusanzwa kana kunzwa kunopisa kana tumor ikamanikidza matende

Zviratidzo izvi zvinokura zvishoma nezvishoma, ndosaka chondrosarcoma dzimwe nguva isingazivikanwi kwemavhiki mazhinji. Kurwadziwa kazhinji hakutapiri zvakanaka kumakurapa ekurwadziwa anowanikwa pasina kurapwa, izvo kazhinji zvinoita kuti vanhu vatsvage rubatsiro rwehutano.

Ndeapi marudzi echondrosarcoma?

Vanachiremba vanokamura chondrosarcoma mune marudzi akasiyana zvichienderana nekwainokura uye maitiro ecells (masero) paanoonekwa pasi pemikroskopu. Marudzi makuru anobatsira pakusarudza nzira yakanakisa yekurapa.

Primary chondrosarcoma inokura zvakananga kubva kumasero ecartilage akajairika. Uyu ndiwo rudzi runonyanya kuzivikanwa, rinoita 90% yezviitiko. Kazhinji inokanganisa pelvis, ribs, shoulder blade (bhonzo retsoka), kana mapfupa marefu emuoko nemakumbo.

Secondary chondrosarcoma inokura kubva kumatumors (zvipembenene) emapfupa akanaka anonzi enchondromas kana osteochondromas. Kunyange aya tumors akanaka ari akajairika uye kazhinji haana ngozi, anochinja zvishoma nezvishoma kuva kenza nekufamba kwenguva.

Kunewo marudzi mashoma akadai seclear cell chondrosarcoma nemesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Aya anoita zvakasiyana nechondrosarcoma yakajairika uye angada nzira dzekurapa dzakasarudzika.

Chii chinokonzera chondrosarcoma?

Chikonzero chaicho chemazhinji echondrosarcomas hachizivikanwi. Zvisinei, vatsvagiri vakawana zvinhu zvakati wandei zvingakonzera kukura kwayo.

Kuchinja kwegenetic (magene) mukati memasero ecartilage kunoita kunge kuri basa. Kuchinja uku kunogona kuitika kamwe kamwe nekufamba kwenguva kana kungogara kuri nhaka kubva kuvabereki, kunyange zvazvo zviitiko zvinogara kuri nhaka zvisingawanzoitika.

Kurapwa kwakapfuura kweradiation (mwaranzi) kunzvimbo yakabatwa kunogona kuwedzera njodzi, kunyange zvazvo izvi kazhinji zvinoitika makore kana makumi emakore mushure mekurapwa. Vamwe vanhu vane zvimwe zvirwere zvegenetic, senge multiple hereditary exostoses kana Ollier disease, vane mukana mukuru wekuwana chondrosarcoma.

Muitiko ushoma, chondrosarcoma inokura kubva kumatumors ecartilage akanaka aivepo kwemakore mazhinji. Kuchinja uku kunoitika zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvisingatarisirwi, ndosaka vanachiremba dzimwe nguva vachitarisa aya tumors akanaka nekufamba kwenguva.

Rini unofanira kuona chiremba nekuda kwechondrosarcoma?

Unofanira kubata chiremba wako kana uine kurwadziwa kwenguva refu mubone kana joini kunogara kwemavhiki anopfuura mashoma. Izvi zvinokosha zvikuru kana kurwadziwa kuchiwanda usiku kana kusina kunaka nekuzorora nekurapa kurwadziwa kunowanikwa pasina kurapwa.

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwehutano nekukurumidza kana ukaona bhonzo rinokura kana kutemwa pedyo nebhonzo kana joini. Kunyange zvazvo mazhinji mabhonzo asiri kenza, zvakakosha kuti aongororwe nemunhu ane hutano.

Usamirira kana uine kuparara kwakashamisira kana kurwadziwa kwakasimba mubhonzo. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza kuti tumor yakasimba chimiro chebhonzo uye inoda kutarisirwa nekukurumidza.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi yechondrosarcoma?

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekuwana chondrosarcoma, kunyange zvazvo kuva nezvinhu izvi hazvirevi kuti uchawana chirwere ichocho.

Zera rinotamba basa rinokosha, nemazhinji ezviitiko zvinoitika kune vanhu vane makore anopfuura 40. Njodzi inoramba ichikwira nezera, ichisvika pakakwirira mumakore ekuma60 ne70.

Aya ndiwo makuru erisk factors (zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi) vanachiremba vakawana:

• Kurapwa kwakapfuura kweradiation (mwaranzi) kumabhonzo kana majoini
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvegenetic (magene) senge Ollier disease kana Maffucci syndrome
• Kuva nemultiple hereditary exostoses (tumors emapfupa akanaka)
• Tumors ecartilage akanaka (enchondromas)
• Paget's disease yemapfupa

Vanhu vazhinji vane chondrosarcoma havafaniri kuva nezvimwe zvezvinhu izvi zvinowedzera njodzi. Chirwere ichi kazhinji chinokura pasina chikonzero chakajeka kana nhoroondo yemhuri.

Ndezvipi zvinogona kuitika zvinetso zvechondrosarcoma?

Kunyangwe chondrosarcoma kazhinji inokura zvishoma nezvishoma, inogona kukonzera zvinetso zvakati wandei kana isina kurapwa kana kurapwa kwakakanganiswa.

Tumor inogona kusimbisa mapfupa zvakanyanya, ichikonzera kuparara kunyange nekutambudzika kushoma. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti kenza inoparadza tishu yemapfupa akajairika uye inotsiva nemasero asingawanzoitika.

Zvinetso zvinogona kuitika zvinosanganisira:

• Kuparara kwemapfupa panzvimbo yetumor
• Kukuvadzwa kwematende kana tumor ikamanikidza matende ari pedyo
• Kusashanda kwejoini nekukora kwenguva refu
• Kupararira kumapfupa kana mamwe matishu (kunyange zvazvo izvi zvisingawanzoitika)
• Kutemwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kana kurapwa

Mashoko akanaka ndeayo chondrosarcoma haina kupararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri, kunyanya kana yakawanikwa pakutanga. Mazhinji ezvinetso zvinogona kudzivirirwa kana kutarisirwa zvakanaka nekurapwa kwakakodzera.

Chondrosarcoma inozwivikanwa sei?

Kuziva chondrosarcoma kunoda nhanho dzakati wandei kuti uone kuvapo kwekenza uye kuona kukura kwayo. Chiremba wako anotanga nenhoroondo yakakwana yehutano uye bvunzo yemuviri.

Imaging tests (bvunzo dzekuona) dzinounza mufananidzo wakanaka wezviri kuitika mumuviri mako. X-rays kazhinji dzinoratidza kuchinja kwakakosha mubhonzo, nepo CT scans neMRIs dzichipa ruzivo rwakawanda pamusoro pehukuru hwetumor nenzvimbo yayo.

Biopsy (kuedzwa kwetissue) ndiyo nzira chete yekuziva chondrosarcoma. Chiremba wako achaburitsa sampuli diki yetishu yetumor uye aiongorore pasi pemikroskopu. Iyi nzira kazhinji inoitirwa neanesthesia (kurapa kurwadziwa) yemunharaunda uye inokonzera kusagadzikana kushoma.

Kuongororwa kuwedzerwa kunogona kusanganisira bone scans kana PET scans kuona kana kenza yakapararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri mako. Blood tests (bvunzo yeropa) dzinogona kubatsira kuona hutano hwako usati watanga kurapwa.

Kurapwa kwechondrosarcoma ndekupi?

Surgery (kuvhiyiwa) ndiko kurapwa kukuru kwechondrosarcoma nekuti rudzi urwu rwekenza kazhinji harupi zvakanaka pakurapwa kwechemotherapy (kurapa nekichemikari) kana radiation therapy (kurapwa nemwaranzi). Chinangwa ndechekubvisa tumor yose uchichengeta basa rakajairika sezvinobvira.

Sarudzo dzako dzekuvhiyiwa zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yetumor, saizi, uye grade (kukura). Limb-sparing surgery inobvisa tumor ichichengeta ruoko kana gumbo risina kukuvadzwa. Muzvimwe zviitiko, bhonzo rakabviswa rinotsiviwa neimplant yesimbi kana bone graft (bhonzo rinotsiviwa).

Nzira dzekurapa dzinogona kusanganisira:

• Wide local excision (kubvisa tumor netissue yakapoteredza)
• Limb-sparing surgery nekuvakazve
• Amputation (kubvisa gumbo) mune zviitiko zvishoma apo limb-sparing haisi kuitika
• Radiation therapy (kurapwa nemwaranzi) yetumors dzisingakwanisi kubviswa zvizere
• Chemotherapy (kurapa nekichemikari) kune mamwe marudzi mashoma, ane simba

Vanhu vazhinji vane low-grade chondrosarcoma vane zvibudiriro zvakanaka mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Timu yako yezvokurapa ichaita basa newe kusarudza chirongwa chekurapa chakanaka zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo.

Nzira yekutarisira kupora panguva yekurapwa kwechondrosarcoma?

Kupora kubva pakurapwa kwechondrosarcoma inzira inotora nguva inoda kushivirira nekutsigirwa. Nguva yako yekupora ichaenderana nerudzi rwekuvhiyiwa kwawakaita nehutano hwako hwese.

Physical therapy (kurapa kwemuviri) kazhinji anotanga nekukurumidza mushure mekuvhiyiwa kubatsira kudzoreredza simba nekufamba. Therapist wako achakuendesa mune zvekuita zvakagadzirirwa kuvandudza basa uchichengeta nzvimbo yekuvhiyiwa.

Kutonga kurwadziwa chikamu chakakosha chekupora. Chiremba wako achakupa mishonga yakakodzera uye anogona kukurudzira mamwe maitiro senge ice, kupisa, kana kufamba kwakapfava kubatsira nekunetsa.

Kutarisirwa kwekuenderera mberi kunosanganisira kuongororwa nguva dzose neimaging tests (bvunzo dzekuona) kuti uone chero zviratidzo zvekuzviratidza kwekensa. Aya misangano inokosha pakubata chero matambudziko pakutanga uye kuve nechokwadi chekupora kwako kuenderera mberi.

Ungagadzirira sei musangano wako nachiremba?

Kuagadzirira musangano wako kunogona kubatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana zvakanyanya kubva panguva yako nachiremba wako. Nyora pasi zviratidzo zvako zvese, kusanganisira pavakatanga uye maitiro avo akachinja nekufamba kwenguva.

Uye uunze runyorwa rwemishonga yese yaunotora, kusanganisira mishonga inowanikwa pasina kurapwa uye zvinowedzerwa. Uyewo, unganidza chero marekodhi ehutano apfuura kana imaging studies (bvunzo dzekuona) zvine chekuita nezviratidzo zvako zvino.

Funga kuuya neshamwari yakavimbika kana nhengo yemhuri kubatsira kurangarira ruzivo rwakakosha uye kupa rutsigiro rwemanzwiro. Gadzira runyorwa remibvunzo yaunoda kubvunza nezvekuziva kwako, sarudzo dzekurapa, uye zvaunotarisira kupora.

Usazengurire kukumbira kujeka kana usinganzwisisi chimwe chinhu chakatsanangurwa nachiremba wako. Iyi ndiyo hutano hwako, uye unofanira kuva nemibvunzo yako yose ichipindurwa zvakajeka.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezve chondrosarcoma?

Chondrosarcoma rudzi rwakakomba asi runorapika rwekenza yemapfupa rinokura zvishoma nezvishoma uye rinopindura zvakanaka pakurapwa kwekuvhiyiwa. Kuonekwa pakutanga nekurapwa kwakakodzera kazhinji kunounza zvibudiriro zvakanaka.

Chinhu chakakosha chokurangarira ndechekuti kurwadziwa kwenguva refu mubhonzo hakufaniri kuregererwa. Kunyange zvazvo mazhinji ekurwadziwa mubhonzo asiri kenza, zvinogara zvichikosha kuti zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitika kana zvinogara zvichishandiswa nemunhu ane hutano.

Nekufambira mberi mune zvekuvhiyiwa uye kutarisirwa kwetsigiro, vanhu vazhinji vane chondrosarcoma vanogona kutarisira kuchengetedza hupenyu hwakanaka mushure mekurapwa. Timu yako yezvokurapa ichaita basa newe kugadzira chirongwa chekurapa chinokodzera zvaunoda nezvinokunetsa.

Mibvunzo inobvunzwa kazhinji nezve chondrosarcoma

Mubvunzo: Chondrosarcoma inogara ichiuraya here?

Kwete, chondrosarcoma haigari ichiuraya. Chaizvoizvo, tarisiro yevanhu vazhinji vane iyi kenza yakanaka kwazvo, kunyanya kana yakawanikwa pakutanga. Low-grade chondrosarcomas ine huwandu hwakanaka hwekupona, nevanhu vanopfuura 90% vachipona makore mashanu kana kupfuura mushure mekuziva. Tumors dzine grade yepamusoro dzinogona kunge dzakaoma kurapa, asi vanhu vazhinji vachiri kuwana kupona kwenguva refu nekurapwa kwakakodzera.

Mubvunzo: Chondrosarcoma inokura nekukurumidza sei?

Chondrosarcoma kazhinji inokura zvishoma nezvishoma ichienzaniswa nemamwe marudzi ekenza. Mazhinji ezviitiko tumors dzine grade yakaderera dzinosvika kwemavhiki kana kunyange makore usati yakonzera zviratidzo zvinoratidzika. Iyi nzira yekukura zvishoma nezvishoma inobatsira nekuti inopa vanachiremba nevarwere nguva yakawanda yekuronga kurapwa kwakakodzera. Zvisinei, mamwe marudzi mashoma ane grade yepamusoro anogona kukura nekukurumidza uye anoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Mubvunzo: Chondrosarcoma inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Hapana nzira yakavimbika yekudzivirira chondrosarcoma sezvo mazhinji ezviitiko zvinoitika pasina chikonzero chakajeka. Zvisinei, vanhu vane risk factors (zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi) anozivikanwa senge zvirwere zvegenetic (magene) kana kurapwa kwakapfuura kweradiation (mwaranzi) vanofanira kuve nekuongororwa nguva dzose nevanachiremba vavo. Kana uine tumors ecartilage akanaka, kutevera zano rekuongororwa nachiremba wako kunogona kubatsira pakubata chero kuchinja pakutanga.

Mubvunzo: Ndichakwanisa kudzoka kune zviitiko zvangu zvakajairika mushure mekurapwa here?

Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzoka kune zviitiko zvavo zvakawanda zvakajairika mushure mekupora kubva pakurapwa kwechondrosarcoma. Kukura kwekupora kwako kunoenderana nezvinhu senge nzvimbo yetumor, rudzi rwekuvhiyiwa rwakaitwa, uye kutsunga kwako pakurapa. Kunyange zvazvo mamwe mabasa angada kuchinjwa, vanhu vazhinji vanorarama hupenyu hunoshanda, hunogutsa mushure mekurapwa. Timu yako yezvokurapa ichaita basa newe kugadzira zvaunotarisira nezvinangwa zvakakodzera.

Mubvunzo: Ndichafanira kuuya sei kuongororwa mushure mekurapwa?

Kutarisirwa kwekuenderera mberi kunokosha pakutarisa kupora kwako uye kutarisa chero zviratidzo zvekuzviratidza kwekensa. Kazhinji, uchava nemisangano mwedzi mitatu kusvika mitanhatu yemakore mashomanana ekutanga, wobva wadzikira sezvo nguva ichifamba. Aya misangano kazhinji anosanganisira bvunzo dzemuviri neimaging tests (bvunzo dzekuona) senge X-rays kana CT scans. Chiremba wako achaita chirongwa chekuongororwa chakakodzera zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo nezvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi.