Chii Chinonzi Cleft Palate? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Cleft palate ndiko kuvhura kana kupera kwepaburi remuromo wako kunoumbwa usati wazvarwa. Izvi zvinoitika kana tishu dzinosanganisira kuumba palate dzisingasangane zvizere panguva yekuzvitakura kwenguva pfupi, zvichisiya nzvimbo inogona kubva pakukora duku kusvika pakukura kukuru kunopfuura nepaburi rakaoma ne rakapfava.

Iyi nyaya yekuzvarwa inokanganisa anenge 1 pamwana 1,700 pasi rose. Kunyangwe zvingaita sekutyisa kuziva nezvazvo, cleft palate inyaya inonzwisisika zvakanaka ine nzira dzakanaka dzekurapa dzinogona kubatsira vana kurarama hupenyu hunofadza, hune utano.

Ndeapi zviratidzo zve cleft palate?

Chiratidzo chikuru che cleft palate ndiko kuvhura kunoonekwa mupaburi remuromo, kunyangwe chitarisiko chacho chingasiyana zvikuru kubva kumwana kuenda kumwana. Mamwe ma clefts anoonekwa pakarepo, nepo mamwe angave madiki uye asinganzwisisiki pakutanga.

Kunze kwekuvhura kunoonekwa, unogona kuona zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kubatsira kuziva iyi nyaya:

• Kuomesa kudya, kunyanya nekusuka kana kubikira mwana
• Mukaka kana fomula ichibuda pachivharo panguva yekudya
• Kuwedzera uremu zvishoma nekuda kwezvinetso zvekupa chikafu
• Kuwanzoita zvirwere zve nzeve kana kuunganidzwa kwemvura
• Matambudziko ekunzwa kana kurasikirwa nekunzwa
• Kuchedwa kutaura kana kutaura kwakaita senge kunobva pachivharo sezvo mwana achikura
• Matambudziko ezino, kusanganisira mazino asina kana mazino akawanda

Aya maratidzo anoitika nekuti kuvhura mu palate kunokanganisa kuti mwana wako anogona sei kuita suction yekudya uye gare gare kunokanganisa kukura kutaura. Mashoko akanaka ndeakuti nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera nekurapa, zvizhinji zveizvi zvinetso zvinogona kubatwa zvichibvira.

Ndeapi marudzi e cleft palate?

Cleft palates inouya mumhando dzakasiyana, uye kunzwisisa rudzi rwunobatsira vanachiremba kuronga nzira yakanaka yekurapa. Kugoverwa kunotsamira pane zvikamu zve palate zvinokanganiswa uye kuti kuvhura kukuru sei.

Marudzi makuru anosanganisira:

• Cleft palate isina kupera: Kuvhura kwakapfava kusina kupfuura ne palate yose
• Cleft palate yakazara: Kuvhura kunopfuura kubva pamberi kusvika kumashure memuromo
• Unilateral cleft palate: Kuvhura kunokanganisa rumwe rutivi rwe palate
• Bilateral cleft palate: Kuvhura kunoitika kurutivi rwose rwe palate
• Submucous cleft palate: Cleft yakavanzika uko pamusoro panoita sekunge chakarurama asi tsandanyama nemapfupa ari pasi haana kusangana zvakakwana

Dzimwe nguva cleft palate inoitika pamwe chete ne cleft lip, nepo dzimwe nguva inoonekwa pachayo. Rudzi rwose runoda nzira yakasiyana yekurapa, asi zvose zvinogona kugadziriswa zvakanaka nezvinhu zvekuvhiya zvezvino.

Chii chinokonzera cleft palate?

Cleft palate inoumbwa mukati memavhiki mashomanana ekutanga ekuzvitakura apo zvikamu zvechiso chemwana zviri kuumbwa. Chikonzero chaicho hachizivikanwi nguva dzose, asi kazhinji chinova mugumisiro wekusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvemagene nezvakatipoteredza zvichibatana.

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kuwedzera mukana we cleft palate:

• Zvinhu zvemagene: Kuva nemhuri ine nhoroondo ye cleft palate kana mamwe maitiro echiso
• Mishonga yakati: Kutora mishonga yekudzivirira kukomba, mishonga ye acne ine isotretinoin, kana methotrexate panguva yekuzvitakura
• Zvirwere zveamai: Kuva nedayabheti kana kunyanya kuzara usati wazvitakura
• Zvinhu zvemararamiro: Kusvuta kana kunwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura
• Kushomeka kwezvinovaka muviri: Kusawana folic acid yakakwana panguva yekuzvitakura kwenguva pfupi
• Zvirwere: Zvirwere zvehutachiona panguva yekutanga kwemwedzi mitatu

Muzviitiko zvizhinji, cleft palate inoitika pasina zvinhu zvinokonzera zvinozivikanwa. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti hapana chawakaita kana kusaita chakakonzera iyi nyaya. Aya maitiro ekukura anoitika pakutanga kwazvo panguva yekuzvitakura, kazhinji usati wazivisa kuti uri kutarisira.

Rini unofanira kuona chiremba nekuda kwe cleft palate?

Zvizhinji zve cleft palates zvinoonekwa pakarepo pakuvharwa pakuongororwa kwemwana mutsva. Zvisinei, ma clefts madiki kana submucous clefts angave asinganzwisisiki pakarepo, saka zvakakosha kuziva rini unofanira kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba.

Unofanira kusangana nachiremba wako wemwana kana ukaona:

• Kuomesa kudya kwenguva refu kana mwana wako achioneka achinetseka nekusuka
• Mukaka kana fomula ichibuda nguva dzose pachivharo chemwanakomana wako panguva yekudya
• Mwana wako haasi kuwedzera uremu sezvaitarisirwa
• Kuwanzoita zvirwere zve nzeve kana zviratidzo zvematambudziko ekunzwa
• Kuchedwa kutaura kana kutaura kwakaita senge kunobva pachivharo muvana vakura
• Matambudziko ezino kana kukura kwemeno kwasingawanzoitika

Kuita zvinhu pakutanga kunoita musiyano mukuru mumagumisiro. Kana cleft palate yakaonekwa, chiremba wako achakuendesa kune timu yakasarudzika ye cleft ine vanachiremba vekuvhiya, vanachiremba vekutaura, uye vamwe nyanzvi vanoshanda pamwe chete kupa kutarisirwa kwakazara.

Ndeapi njodzi dze cleft palate?

Kunyangwe cleft palate ichigona kuitika mukuzvitakura chero kupi, zvinhu zvakati zvinogona kuwedzera mukana weiyi nyaya kukura. Kunzwisisa aya njodzi kunogona kubatsira mukuronga mhuri nekutarisirwa kwenguva yekuzvitakura, kunyangwe zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti vana vazhinji vane cleft palate vanozvarwa kuna vabereki vasina njodzi dzinozivikanwa.

Njodzi huru dzinosanganisira:

• Nhoroondo yemhuri: Kuva nevabereki, vanin'ina, kana vamwe hama dzapedyo vane cleft palate
• Kuzvitakura kwakapfuura kwakakanganisika: Kuva watova nemwana ane cleft palate
• Zvirwere zvakati zvemagene: Zvirwere senge DiGeorge syndrome kana Pierre Robin sequence
• Zera remai: Kuva mudiki kwazvo kana kupfuura makore 35 panguva yekuzvitakura
• Rudzi: Huwandu hwakakwira muvanhu vekuAmerica, Asia, neHispanic
• Bonde: Inowanzoitika zvishoma muvakadzi kana ichitika isina cleft lip

Zvinhu zvakatipoteredza panguva yekuzvitakura zvinogonawo kutamba basa, kusanganisira kuiswa kune zvimwe zvinhu, zvirwere, kana kushomeka kwezvinovaka muviri. Zvisinei, vazhinji ve cleft palates vanoitika pasina chikonzero chakajeka kana chinhu chinogona kudzivirirwa.

Ndeapi matambudziko anogona kuitika e cleft palate?

Cleft palate inogona kukanganisa zvikamu zvakati zvekuvandudzika kwemwana wako nehutano, asi kunzwisisa aya matambudziko anogona kukubatsira kugadzirira uye kutsvaga kutarisirwa kwakakodzera. Zvizhinji zvematambudziko zvinogona kubatwa nekurapa kwakakodzera nekutsigirwa.

Matambudziko anowanzoitika anosanganisira:

• Kuomesa kudya: Matambudziko ekusuka kana kubikira mwana anogona kukanganisa zvinovaka muviri nekukura
• Matambudziko enzeve: Kuwanzoita zvirwere, kuunganidzwa kwemvura, nekurasikirwa nekunzwa
• Kuchedwa kutaura nemutauro: Kuomesa kuburitsa mamwe manzwi zvakajeka
• Matambudziko ezino: Mazino asina, mazino akawanda, kana matambudziko ekurongwa kwemeno
• Matambudziko enharaunda nemanzwiro: Matambudziko ekutenda kwemunhu ane chekuita ne chitarisiko kana kusiyana kwekutaura

Matambudziko asingawanzoitika asi akakomba anogona kusanganisira kuomesa kufema, kunyanya muvana vane ma clefts makuru, kana matambudziko ekuruma anogona kukonzera aspiration. Vamwe vana vanogonawo kuve nekuchedwa kukura kana matambudziko ekunzwa kana kutaura asingatarisirwi pakutanga.

Mashoko akanaka ndeakuti nezvinhu zvekuvhiya zvezvino, vana vazhinji vane cleft palate vanokura kuti vave nekutaura kwakajairika, kunzwa, nekukura kwenharaunda. Kuita zvinhu pakutanga nekutarisirwa kwakazara kunoita musiyano mukuru mukudzivirira kana kuderedza aya matambudziko.

Cleft palate inogona kudzivirirwa sei?

Kunyangwe usingakwanisi kudzivirira cleft palate zvachose, sezvo zviitiko zvizhinji zvinoitika pasina chikonzero, pane matanho akawanda aunogona kutora panguva yekuzvitakura kuderedza njodzi. Aya maitiro ehutano anobatsira kukura kwemwana wako kwese uye anogona kubatsira kudzivirira kusiyana kwekuzvarwa kwakasiyana.

Heano zvaunogona kuita:

• Tora folic acid: Tanga kutora 400-800 micrograms zuva nezuva usati watanga kuzvitakura uye panguva yekuzvitakura kwenguva pfupi
• Dzivisa zvinhu zvinokuvadza: Usasvute, usanwe doro, kana kushandisa zvinodhaka zvinofadza
• Tarisa zvirwere zvichingogara: Chengeta dayabheti, kuwedzera kweropa, nezvimwe zvirwere zvehutsanana zvakadzorwa zvakanaka
• Ongorora mishonga: Kurukura mishonga yese nezvinowedzerwa nachiremba wako usati watanga kuzvitakura uye panguva yekuzvitakura
• Chengeta kudya kwakanaka: Dya kudya kwakaringana kwakazara nemiriwo, miriwo, nezviyo zvizere
• Tora kutarisirwa kwenguva yekuzvitakura nguva dzose: Pinda misangano yese yakarongwa utevere mazano echiremba wako

Kana uine nhoroondo yemhuri ye cleft palate kana mamwe maitiro echiso, funga nezvekurairwa kwemagene usati watanga kuzvitakura. Izvi zvinogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa njodzi dzako chaiyo uye kuita sarudzo dzakachenjera pamusoro pekugadzirisa mhuri nekutarisa panguva yekuzvitakura.

Cleft palate inoonekwa sei?

Zvizhinji zve cleft palates zvinoonekwa pakarepo mushure mekuberekwa kana vanachiremba vachiita kuongororwa kwemwana mutsva. Kuvhura kunoonekwa mupaburi remuromo kazhinji kunoonekwa pakuongororwa kwekutanga uku, zvichiita kuti kuonekwa kuve nyore mune zviitiko zvizhinji.

Dzimwe nguva, cleft palate inogona kuonekwa usati wazvarwa panguva yekuongororwa kwenguva yekuzvitakura, kazhinji pakati pemavhiki 18-22 ekuzvitakura. Zvisinei, haasi ma clefts ese anoonekwa pane ultrasound, kunyanya madiki kana anoshandura soft palate chete.

Kune submucous cleft palates, dzakavanzika pasi petishu dzepamusoro, kuonekwa kungadai kwakamirira kusvika matambudziko ekudya kana kuchedwa kutaura kuoneka. Chiremba wako angafungidzira rudzi urwu rwe cleft kana mwana wako akaita:

• Kutaura kwenguva refu kwakaita senge kunobva pachivharo
• Kuomesa nemamwe manzwi
• Zvirwere zve nzeve zvichingogara
• Kukora kunoonekwa kumashure kwe soft palate
• Uvula yakakamurwa kana yakakamurwa (tshu yakareba iri kumashure kwehwamanda)

Kana cleft palate yakaonekwa, chiremba wako achakuendesa kune timu yakasarudzika ye cleft kuti uongororwe zvizere uye urongwe kurapa. Iyi nzira ye timu inoita shuwa kuti mwana wako anowana kutarisirwa kwese kwaanoda kubva pakuvharwa kusvika pakuva mukuru.

Kurapa kwe cleft palate chii?

Kurapa kwe cleft palate kunosanganisira nzira yakabatana ne nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoshanda pamwe chete kwemakore akati wandei. Chinangwa chikuru ndechekuvhara kuvhura mu palate, kuvandudza basa, uye kubatsira mwana wako kukura kutaura kwakajairika, kunzwa, uye kugona kudya.

Nzira huru dzekurapa dzinosanganisira:

• Kuporesa nekuvhiya: Kurapa kukuru, kazhinji kunoitika pakati pemavhiki 9-18 ekuberekwa
• Kurapa kutaura: Kazhinji kunotanga usati wavhiya uye kunoramba kuripo mushure mekuvhiya kuti ubudirire kutaura kwakajeka
• Kutarisira kunzwa: Kurapa matambudziko enzeve nekurasikirwa nekunzwa, kazhinji kusanganisira ma ear tubes
• Kutarisira mazino: Kurapa kwakasarudzika kwemazino uye zvimwe zvinhu zvemazino
• Kutsigira kudya: Mabhodhoro akasarudzika, nzira dzekudya, uye mazano ezvinovaka muviri
• Kutsigirwa kwepfungwa: Mazano nekutsigirwa kwemwana nemhuri sezvinodiwa

Kuporesa nekuvhiya, kunonzi palatoplasty, kunosanganisira kuvhara kuvhura nekugadzirisa tishu nemitsamba iri mupaburi remuromo. Vana vazhinji vanoda kuvhiya kukuru kamwe chete, kunyangwe vamwe vangada mamwe maitiro kuti vawane migumisiro yakanaka.

Timu yako ye cleft ichaumba rondedzero yekurapa yakagadzirirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemwana wako. Kurapa kazhinji kunoramba kuripo kusvika kumakore ekukura, nemisangano yekutevera nguva dzose kuti utarise kukura uye kugadzirisa zvinetso zviripo.

Maitiro ekutarisira kumba panguva yekurapa cleft palate?

Kutarisira mwana ane cleft palate kumba kunoda mamwe matekinoroji nepfungwa, asi nekudzidzira, mhuri dzakawanda dzinogona kushandisa aya maitiro. Timu yako yekutarisira hutano ichapa mazano akakwana, uye uchava nechivimbo mukutarisira zvinodiwa nemwana wako zvakasiyana.

Heano nzvimbo huru dzekutarisa:

• Nzira dzekudya: Shandisa mabhodhoro akasarudzika ane ma nipples akapfava kana mativi anokwanisa kumanikidzwa kubatsira mwana wako kuwana mukaka wakakwana
• Nzvimbo: Bata mwana wako akamira zvakanyanya panguva yekudya kudzivirira mukaka kupinda mumhino
• Kuwanzoita burping: Vana vane cleft palate kazhinji vanodya mweya wakawanda, saka vaite burping kazhinji
• Kutarisira muromo: Chengeta muromo wakachena nekushambidza zvinyoro nyoro, kunyanya munzvimbo ye cleft
• Kutarisira nzeve: Tarisa zviratidzo zve zvirwere zve nzeve uye tevera bvunzo dzekunzwa sezvakakurudzirwa
• Kukurudzira kutaura: Taura, verenga, uye imba nemwana wako nguva dzose kutsigira kukura kwemutauro

Mushure mekuvhiya, uchafanira kutevera mirairo yakakosha yekutarisira nzvimbo yekuvhiya, kusanganisira kuchengeta maoko emwana wako kure nemuromo wavo uye kupa kurapa kurwadziwa kwakakodzera. Chiremba wako wekuvhiya achakupa mazano akakwana ekutarisira mushure mekuvhiya.

Yeuka kuti mwana wese akasiyana, uye zvinoshanda kune imwe mhuri zvingada kugadziriswa kune imwe. Usanetseka kubata ne timu yako yekutarisira hutano nemibvunzo kana zvinetso nezve kutarisira kwemwana wako.

Ungagadzirira sei kusangana nachiremba wako?

Kugadzirira misangano ne timu yako ye cleft palate kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana zvakawanda kubva kumusangano wega wega uye usakanganwa mibvunzo yakakosha kana zvinetso. Aya misangano kazhinji anosanganisira nyanzvi dzakawanda, saka kuronga ndiko chinhu chikuru.

Usati wasangana,unganidza ruzivo urwu:

• Nhoroondo yehutsanana: Nhoroondo yemhuri ye cleft palate kana mamwe maitiro ekuberekwa
• Zviratidzo zviripo: Kuomesa kudya, zvinetso zvekutaura, kana matambudziko ekunzwa
• Marekodhi ekukura: Maitiro ekukura uremu nehuwandu hwekudya
• Kurapa kwakapfuura: Kurapa kwese, kuvhiya, kana zviito zvakaitwa nemwana wako
• Mishonga iripo: Mishonga yese yakanyorwa neyakasarudzwa
• Ruzivo rweinshurensi: Ruzivo rwekuvhara nezvinodiwa zvekuendesa

Nyora mibvunzo yako usati wasangana. Nyaya dzinowanzotaurwa dzinosanganisira nguva dzekurapa, zvaunofanira kutarisira kubva kumaitiro ari kuuya, nzira dzekudya, zviitiko zve kukura kwemutauro, uye maitiro ekutsigira hutano hwepfungwa hwemwana wako.

Uyai nemunhu anokubatsira kana zvichibvira, sezvo aya misangano ingave ine ruzivo rwakawanda. Kutora manotsi kana kurekodha zvinhu zvikuru (ne mvumo) kunogona kukubatsira kuyeuka zvinhu zvikuru gare gare.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezve cleft palate?

Cleft palate inyaya yekuzvarwa inogona kurapwa inokanganisa paburi remuromo, uye nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera, vana vane iyi nyaya vanogona kurarama hupenyu hunowanzoitika, hune hutano. Kunyangwe zvingaita sekutyisa pakutanga, nzira dzekurapa dzezvino dzakabudirira kwazvo, uye vana vazhinji vanowana kutaura kwakajairika, kudya, nekukura kwenharaunda.

Chinhu chakakosha chokuyeuka ndechekuti kutarisirwa kwakakwana pakutanga kunoita musiyano wese. Kushanda ne timu yakasarudzika ye cleft kunoita shuwa kuti mwana wako anowana kurapwa kwakabatana kubva kune nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoziva chaizvo maitiro ekugadzirisa chikamu chimwe nechimwe chezviitiko izvi.

Rwendo rwemwana wako ne cleft palate rinogona kusanganisira makore akati wandei ekurapa, asi nhanho imwe neimwe yakagadzirirwa kuvandudza basa ravo, chitarisiko, uye hupenyu hwavo.

Yeuka kuti hausi wega murwendo urwu. Cleft palate inokanganisa zviuru zvemidzimba pasi rose, uye kune ma network akasimba ekutsigira aripo kukubatsira kufamba nekuvhiya kwakakodzera uye kubatana nemamwe madzinza anzwisisa ruzivo rwako.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve cleft palate

Kutaura kwemwana wangu kuchave kwakajairika here mushure mekuvhiya cleft palate?

Vana vazhinji vanokura kutaura kwakajairika kana kwakafanana nekwakajairika mushure mekuvhiya cleft palate, kunyanya kana kuvhiya kuchitapwa panguva yakakodzera uye kuchiteverwa nekurapa kutaura kwakakodzera. Vamwe vana vangada mamwe maitiro kana kurapa kwenguva refu, asi vazhinji vanowana kutaura kwakajeka, kunzwisisika. Kutanga kurapa kutaura pakutanga, kunyangwe usati wavhiya, kunobatsira kuvandudza migumisiro.

Mwana wangu achada kuvhiya kangani?

Vana vazhinji vanoda kuvhiya kukuru kamwe chete kugadzirisa cleft palate, kazhinji kunoitika pakati pemavhiki 9-18 ekuberekwa. Zvisinei, vamwe vana vangada mamwe maitiro, senge kuvhiya kuvandudza kutaura, kugadzirisa kuvhura duku, kana kugadzirisa matambudziko ezino. Timu yako ye cleft ichakurukura nhamba inogona kuitika yekuvhiya zvichienderana ne mamiriro emwana wako panguva yekukurukura kwekutanga.

Mwana wangu anogona kusuka here ane cleft palate?

Kusuka ne cleft palate kunogona kuoma nekuti vana havagone kuita suction inodiwa yekusuka kwakakodzera. Zvisinei, vamwe vana vane ma clefts madiki vanogona kusuka zvakanaka, uye unogona kupa mukaka wemukaka uchishandisa nzira dzakasarudzika dzekupomba nekudya. Vanopa mazano e lactation vane ruzivo rwe cleft palate vanogona kukubatsira kuumba chirongwa chekudya chinoshanda kune mhuri yako.

Cleft palate ichakurudzira mazino emwana wangu here?

Hongu, cleft palate kazhinji inokanganisa kukura kwemeno. Vana vangave vasina meno, mazino akawanda, kana mazino asingarongwi zvakanaka. Ivo vari pangozi yakakwira yekuvava kwemeno nekuda kwekuomesa kuchenesa munzvimbo ye cleft. Kutarisira mazino nguva dzose ne dentist wevana ane ruzivo rwemamiriro ezvinhu e cleft ndiko chinhu chakakosha, uye kurapa kwemazino kazhinji kunodikana panguva yemakore ekukura.

Ndinofanira kuudza vanhu vamwe nezve cleft palate yemwana wangu here?

Zvinobatsira kugadzirira tsananguro dzakapfava, dzakajeka dzenzvimbo dzakasiyana. Kune mhuri yepedyo neshamwari, ungatsanangura kuti ndiko kusiyana kwekuzvarwa kuri kurapwa zvakanaka. Kune vanhu vasingazive kana shamwari dzisingawanzozivikanwa, mhinduro pfupi senge "ari kuita zvakanaka uye ari kuwana kutarisirwa kwakanaka" kazhinji inokwana. Sezvo mwana wako achikura, muite kuti asarudze kuti anoda kugovera zvakawanda sei nezve mamiriro avo nevamwe.