Chii Chinonzi Chidhakwa? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Chidhakwa chirwere umo muviri wako unotadza kutonga huwandu hweshuga yeropa zvakanaka. Funga nezvazvo sehurongwa hwemuviri wako hwesimba huchida rutsigiro rwakawanda kuti ushande zvakanaka.

Paunodya, muviri wako unoputsa chikafu kuita glucose (shuga) yesimba. Kazhinji, homoni inonzi insulin inobatsira iyi shuga kupinda mumasero ako. NeChidhakwa, kana muviri wako haugadzire insulin yakakwana kana usina kukwanisa kuishandisa zvakanaka, zvichikonzera shuga kuunganidzwa muropa rako panzvimbo yekupa simba masero ako.

Chii Chinonzi Chidhakwa?

Chidhakwa chinoitika kana glucose yeropa rako ikagara yakakwira kwenguva yakareba. Pancreas yako, organ duku riri kumashure kwemudumbu rako, kazhinji inogadzira insulin kubatsira glucose kupinda mumasero ako kuti ive simba.

Kune marudzi akawanda echidakwa, asi ese anogovana iyi dambudziko rekuongorora shuga yeropa. Mashoko akanaka ndeawo kuti nekutarisirwa kwakanaka nekugadzirisa mararamiro, vanhu vane Chidhakwa vanogona kurarama hupenyu hwakazara, hune hutano.

Vanhu vanopfuura mamirioni makumi matatu nemanomwe eAmerica vane Chidhakwa, saka hausi wega kana uri kubata nechirwere ichi. Chakawedzera kuwanda, asi kunzwisisa kwezvokurapa uye nzira dzekurapa dzakavandudzwa zvikuru mumakore achangopfuura.

Ndeapi Marudzi eChidhakwa?

Chidhakwa cheType 1 chinoitika kana sisitimu yako yekudzivirira ichirwisa masero ari mu pancreas yako anogadzira insulin. Izvi zvinoreva kuti muviri wako unogadzira insulin shoma kana kuti hapana, uchida jekiseni re insulin zuva nezuva kuti urarame.

Chidhakwa cheType 2 chinoitika kana muviri wako ukaoma kuita insulin kana usingagadzire yakakwana. Iyi ndiyo fomu inonyanya kuzivikanwa, inokanganisa vanhu vane 90-95% vane Chidhakwa, uye kazhinji inoitika zvishoma nezvishoma kwemakore.

Chidhakwa cheGestational chinoonekwa panguva yekuzvitakura kana kuchinja kwehomoni kuchikanganisa insulin kushanda zvakanaka. Kazhinji chinopera mushure mekubereka, asi chinoita kuti uve nenjodzi yakakura yekuwana Chidhakwa cheType 2 gare gare muhupenyu.

Kunewo mamwe marudzi asingawanzoitika senge MODY (Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young), inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini, uye Chidhakwa chechipiri chinovapo nekuda kwezvimwe zvirwere zvemuviri kana mishonga inokanganisa pancreas.

Ndeapi Zviratidzo zveChidhakwa?

Zviratidzo zvepakutanga zveChidhakwa zvinogona kunge zvisina kujeka uye zviri nyore kukanganisa sekunetseka kwezuva nezuva kana kushushikana. Muviri wako uri kushanda zvakanyanya kuti utonge shuga yakakwira yeropa, izvo zvinogona kukusiya uchinetseka uye usina kunaka.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvaunogona kuona zvinosanganisira:

• Nyota yakawanda uye kuenda kunyorovesa kazhinji, kunyanya usiku
• Kuneta kwasingawanzoitika kunorasikirwa nekuzorora
• Kuona kusapfava kunouya nekuenda
• Kuora kwakaoma kuporesa kana kuwanda kwezvirwere
• Kurasikirwa nehuremu kusina tsananguro kunyangwe uchidya zvakajairika
• Kuita manyoka kana kusanzwa mumaoko kana tsoka
• Nzara yakawanda kunyangwe mushure mekudya

Zviratidzo zveChidhakwa cheType 1 kazhinji zvinoonekwa nekukurumidza, dzimwe nguva mukati memavhiki. Zviratidzo zveChidhakwa cheType 2 zvinoitika zvishoma nezvishoma, ndosaka vanhu vazhinji vasingazivi kuti vane kwemwedzi kana kunyange makore.

Vamwe vanhu havaoni zviratidzo zvachose pakutanga, kunyanya neChidhakwa cheType 2. Ndosaka kuongororwa kwehutano nguva dzose kunosanganisira kuongororwa kweropa kwakakosha pakubata Chidhakwa pakutanga.

Chii Chinokonzera Chidhakwa?

Chikonzero chaicho chinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rweChidhakwa rwauwana. Kune Chidhakwa cheType 1, chirwere che autoimmune umo sisitimu yako yekudzivirira inoparadza masero anogadzira insulin mu pancreas yako.

Chidhakwa cheType 2 chinoitika kuburikidza nesanganiso yezvinhu zvinokanganisa kuti muviri wako unogadzirisa sei insulin:

• Kuomerwa ne insulin, uko masero ako asingapindure zvakanaka ku insulin
• Kudzikira kwenguva refu mukuita kwe insulin ne pancreas yako
• Kuwanikwa kwemajini kunopfuudzwa kuburikidza nemhuri
• Zvinhu zvemararamiro senge kudya, kurovedza muviri, uye uremu
• Kuchinja kwezera mukuti muviri wako unogadzirisa sei glucose

Chidhakwa cheGestational chinoitika kana homoni dzekuzvitakura dzikapindira nebasa re insulin. Placenta yako inogadzira homoni dzinogona kuita kuti masero ako aome kuita insulin, uye dzimwe nguva pancreas yako haikwanise kuenderana nekudiwa kukuru.

Mukadiki, Chidhakwa chinogona kubva muzvirwere zve pancreas, mishonga yakaita se steroids, kana zvirwere zvemajini. Zvirwere zvehutachiona zvinogona zvakare kutanga Chidhakwa cheType 1 kune vanhu vane njodzi yemajini.

Rini Unoofanira Kuona Chiremba neChidhakwa?

Unofanira kuona mushandi wehutano kana uri kuona chero musanganiswa wezviratidzo zveChidhakwa, kunyanya nyota yakawanda, kuenda kunyorovesa kazhinji, uye kuneta kusina tsananguro. Aya maratidzo haafanire kuregererwa, kunyangwe zvichinzwa zvishoma.

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza kana uine zviratidzo zvakakomba senge kurutsa, kuoma kufema, kufema kunonhuwira semichero, kana kusuruvara kwakanyanya. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza diabetic ketoacidosis, chirwere chakakomba chinoda kurapwa kwekukurumidza.

Kuongororwa nguva dzose kwakakosha kunyangwe usina zviratidzo. Vakuru vane makore anopfuura makumi matatu nemashanu vanofanira kuongororwa makore matatu ega ega, uye kare kana kazhinji kana uine njodzi senge nhoroondo yemhuri, kuonda, kana kuwedzera kweropa.

Kana uri nepamuviri, kuongororwa kwe glucose kazhinji kunoitika pakati pevhiki makumi maviri nemana kusvika makumi maviri nemasere. Vamwe vakadzi vane njodzi yakakura vanogona kuda kuongororwa kare panguva yekuzvitakura kwavo.

Ndeapi Njodzi dzeChidhakwa?

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kuwedzera mikana yako yekuwana Chidhakwa, kunyangwe kuva nenjodzi hazvirevi kuti uchawana chirwere ichocho. Kunzwisisa njodzi yako kunokubatsira kuita sarudzo dzakachenjera nezvehutano hwako.

Njodzi dzeChidhakwa cheType 2 dzinosanganisira:

• Kuwa uremu kana kuonda, kunyanya nemafuta akawanda mudumbu
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yeChidhakwa muvabereki kana hama
• Makore makumi matatu nemashanu kana kupfuura, kunyangwe zvingaitika pazera ripi zvaro
• Kushaya kurovedza muviri kana mararamiro asingafambi
• Nhoroondo yeChidhakwa cheGestational kana kubereka mwana ane mapaundi anopfuura mapfumbamwe
• Kuwedzera kweropa kana cholesterol yakashata
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) muvakadzi
• Mamwe marudzi anosanganisira African American, Hispanic, Native American, kana Asian American

Njodzi dzeChidhakwa cheType 1 hadzina kujeka asi dzinogona kusanganisira nhoroondo yemhuri, mamwe magene, uye zvinhu zvakapoteredza senge zvirwere zvehutachiona. Inogona kuitika pazera ripi zvaro asi kazhinji inoonekwa muvana kana vakuru vechidiki.

Mamwe njodzi senge majini nemakore haagoni kuchinjwa, asi mamwe senge uremu, kudya, uye tsika dzekurovedza muviri dziri mukudzora kwako. Kunyange kuchinja kwakakurumidza kwe mararamiro kunogona kuderedza njodzi yako yekuwana Chidhakwa cheType 2.

Ndeapi Matambudziko Anogona Kuitika neChidhakwa?

Shuga yakakwira yeropa kwenguva yakareba inogona kukuvadza ropa nemiseve mumubiri wako wese, ichitungamira kumatambudziko akasiyana. Mashoko akanaka ndeawo ekugara uchitonga shuga yeropa zvakanaka zvinoderedza njodzi yako yekuwana matambudziko aya.

Matambudziko akajairika anogona kuitika zvishoma nezvishoma anosanganisira:

• Chirwere chemwoyo ne stroke nekuda kwemiseve yakakuvadzwa yeropa
• Chirwere cheitsvo (diabetic nephropathy) chinogona kuenda kukukundikana kweitsvo
• Matambudziko emaziso anosanganisira diabetic retinopathy, inogona kukonzera kuburira
• Kukuvadzwa kwemiseve (diabetic neuropathy) kunokonzera marwadzo, manyoka, kana kusanzwa
• Matambudziko etsoka nekurapa kwakaoma kwemakomba anogona kutungamira kune zvirwere
• Zvirwere zve ganda uye kuwedzera kwenjodzi yezvirwere
• Matambudziko ezino anosanganisira chirwere chegumbo

Matambudziko akakomba anoda rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza uye anosanganisira diabetic ketoacidosis (kunyanya muType 1), hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (kunyanya muType 2), uye zviitiko zvakakomba zveshuga yakaderera yeropa.

Kunyangwe aya matambudziko achinzwa aitya, yeuka kuti kutonga kwakanaka kweshugar yeropa, kutarisirwa kwezvokurapa nguva dzose, uye kusarudza mararamiro ane hutano kunogona kudzivirira kana kunonoka zvakanyanya zvizhinji zvawo. Vanhu vazhinji vane Chidhakwa vanorarama hupenyu husina matambudziko.

Chidhakwa Chinogona Kudzivirirwa Sei?

Chidhakwa cheType 1 hachigone kudzivirirwa nekuti chirwere che autoimmune. Zvisinei, Chidhakwa cheType 2 chinogona kudzivirirwa zvakanyanya kuburikidza nekuchinja mararamiro, kunyangwe uine njodzi yemajini.

Nzira dzinoshanda dzekudzivirira dzinosanganisira kuchengetedza uremu hwakanaka kuburikidza nekudya kwakaringana uye kurovedza muviri nguva dzose. Kunyange kurasikirwa kweuremu kwakaderera kwe 5-10% kunogona kuderedza njodzi yako kana uri wakakora.

Tarisisa kudya chikafu chakazara senge miriwo, michero, mapuroteni asina mafuta, uye zviyo zvizere uchideredza chikafu chakagadzirwa, zvinwiwa zvine shuga, uye carbohydrate dzakacheneswa. Haudi kudya kwakakwana, ingasarudzo dzakaringana dzoutano nguva zhinji.

Tarisira ma miniti anopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu ekurovedza muviri kwakanyanya pavhiki, senge kufamba nekukurumidza, kushambira, kana kukwira bhasikoro. Kusimudzira simba kaviri pavhiki kunobatsirawo misumbu yako kushandisa glucose zvakanyanya.

Mamwe matanho anobatsira anosanganisira kutonga kushushikana, kurara zvakakwana, kudzivisa kushandisa fodya, uye kuderedza kunwa doro. Aya mararamiro ese anokanganisa kuti muviri wako unogadzirisa sei glucose uye unopindura sei ku insulin.

Chidhakwa Chinoongororwa Sei?

Kuongororwa kweChidhakwa kunosanganisira bvunzo dzeropa dzakapusa dzinochera huwandu hwako hwe glucose. Chiremba wako kazhinji anoshandisa bvunzo imwe kana kupfuura kuti aone chirwere ichocho uye aone rudzi rweChidhakwa rwauwana.

Bvunzo dzekuongorora dzakajairika dzinosanganisira bvunzo ye A1C, inoratidza shuga yako yepamusoro yeropa mumavhiki maviri kusvika matatu apfuura. A1C ye 6.5% kana kupfuura inoratidza Chidhakwa, nepo 5.7-6.4% inoratidza prediabetes.

Bvunzo dze fasting plasma glucose dzinochera shuga yako yeropa mushure mekusaidya kwemaawa masere kana kupfuura. Mhedziso ye 126 mg/dL kana kupfuura inoratidza Chidhakwa, nepo 100-125 mg/dL inoratidza prediabetes.

Bvunzo dze random plasma glucose dzinogona kuitwa chero nguva pasina kudya. Mhedziso ye 200 mg/dL kana kupfuura, pamwe nezviratidzo zveChidhakwa, inoratidza Chidhakwa.

Chiremba wako anogona zvakare kuraira bvunzo dzakawedzerwa senge C-peptide levels kana autoantibody bvunzo kusiyanisa pakati peType 1 neType 2 Chidhakwa, kunyanya muvakuru vanowana chirwere ichocho.

Kurapa kweChidhakwa Ndeapi?

Kurapa kweChidhakwa kunotarisa pakuchengetedza huwandu hweshugar yeropa rako padyo neyakajairwa sezvinobvira uchikubatsira kunzwa zvakanaka. Nzira chaiyo inotsamira pane rudzi rweChidhakwa rwauwana uye mamiriro ako emumunhu.

Chidhakwa cheType 1 chinoda kurapwa kwe insulin nguva dzose sezvo muviri wako usingagadzire insulin zvakasikwa. Uchaita basa nechikwata chako chehutano kuti uone marudzi akanaka ne nguva yekupa jekiseni re insulin kana kurapwa kwe insulin pump.

Kurapa kweChidhakwa cheType 2 kazhinji kunotanga nekuchinja mararamiro anosanganisira kudya kwakanaka, kurovedza muviri nguva dzose, uye kutonga uremu. Kana izvi zvisina kukwana, chiremba wako anogona kunyora mishonga senge metformin, inobatsira muviri wako kushandisa insulin zvakanyanya.

Mishonga yakawedzerwa yeChidhakwa cheType 2 inoshanda nenzira dzakasiyana, senge kubatsira pancreas yako kugadzira insulin yakawanda, kudzikisira glucose absorption, kana kubatsira itsvo dzako kubvisa glucose yakawanda kuburikidza ne urine.

Kuongorora shuga yeropa kwakakosha kune ese marudzi eChidhakwa. Chiremba wako achakurudzira kuti uongore huwandu hwako kakawanda sei uye kuti uende kune zviyero zvakatarwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo.

Kuongororwa kwezvokurapa nguva dzose kunobatsira kutarisira kufambira kwako uye kuongorora matambudziko. Izvi zvinowanzo sanganisira bvunzo dze A1C makore matatu kusvika matanhatu ega ega, kuongororwa kwemaziso pagore rega rega, bvunzo dzebasa reitsvo, uye kuongororwa kwetsoka.

Maitiro ekutora Kurapa Kumba panguva yeChidhakwa?

Kutonga Chidhakwa kumba kunosanganisira kugadzira tsika dzezuva nezuva dzinopa rutsigiro kune huwandu hweshugar yeropa yakagadzikana. Kiyi ndeyekugara uchitonga kudya kwako, mishonga, uye maitiro ekufamba uchigara uchikwanisa kugadzirisa zvinhu zveupenyu.

Tarisa shuga yako yeropa sezvakakurudzirwa nechikwata chako chehutano, uchichengeta rekodhi yezviverengero pamwe chete nemaonero nezvekudya, kurovedza muviri, kushushikana, uye kuti unonzwa sei. Iyi ruzivo inokubatsira iwe nechikwata chako chekurapa kugadzirisa kurapwa.

Tora mishonga sezvakanyorwa, kunyangwe uchinzwa zvakanaka. Gadzira mazano pafoni yako kana shandisa mudziyo wemapiritsi kuti ubatsire kuchengetedza kugara uchitonga. Usambofa wakasiya zvikamu kana kumisa mishonga pasina kubvunza chiremba wako kutanga.

Rongedza kudya kwakaringana uye zvokudya zvinosanganisira musanganiswa weprotein, mafuta ane hutano, uye carbohydrate dzakaoma. Kudzidza kuverenga carbohydrate kunogona kukubatsira kufanotaura kuti chikafu chinokanganisa sei shuga yako yeropa.

Rambai muchiita mabasa aunofarira, asi munofanira kugadzirisa maitiro enyu zvichienderana nehuwandu hweshugar yeropa yenyu. Chengeterai glucose tablets kana zvokudya zvinokurumidza kushanda kana paine shuga yakaderera yeropa.

Gadzira rubatsiro kubva kumhuri, shamwari, kana mapoka ekutsigira Chidhakwa. Kutonga chirwere chisingaperi kuri nyore kana usinganzwi seuri kuita wega.

Unofanira Kugadzirira Sei Kune Chiremba Wako?

Kugadzirira misangano yako yeChidhakwa kunokubatsira kuita zvakanyanya panguva yako nechikwata chako chehutano. Uya nerekodhi yeshuga yako yeropa, rondedzero yemishonga, uye chero mibvunzo kana zvinokunetsa zvawave nazvo.

Nyora zviratidzo zvawave nazvo kubvira pakushanya kwako rekupedzisira, kusanganisira nguva zvakaitika uye zvingave zvakazvikonzera. Usazvidya mwoyo nezvekuita zvakadzama - iyi ruzivo inobatsira chiremba wako kunzwisisa kuti uri kupindura sei kurapwa.

Gadzira rondedzero yemishonga yese yaunotora, kusanganisira mishonga yekutengesa uye zvinowedzerwa. Uya nemabote chaiwo kana zvichibvira, sezvo zviyero ne nguva zvinogona kuva zvakakosha pakutonga kwako Chidhakwa.

Funga nezvezvinangwa zvako nezvinokunetsa maererano nekutarisira Chidhakwa kwako. Uri kurwisana nezvimwe zvikamu zvekuita? Unoda kukurukura nzira itsva dzekurapa kana kuchinja mararamiro?

Uya nemumwe wemhuri kana shamwari kana uchida rubatsiro, kunyanya kune misangano yakakosha uko kuchinja kurapwa kungakurukurwa. Vanogona kukubatsira yeuka ruzivo uye kubvunza mibvunzo yaunogona kukanganwa.

Chii Chinonyanya Kukosha Nezve Chidhakwa?

Chidhakwa chirwere chinogona kutongwa chisingafanire kusimbisa hupenyu hwako kana kudzora zviroto zvako. Kunyangwe zvichida kutarisirwa zuva nezuva nekutarisirwa, mamirioni evanhu vane Chidhakwa vanorarama hupenyu hwakazara, hunoshanda, uye hune hutano.

Chinhu chakakosha chaunogona kuita ndechekubatana nechikwata chako chehutano kuti ugadzire chirongwa chekutonga chinokodzera mararamiro ako nezvinangwa. Iyi nzira yekubatana inokupa mukana wakanaka wekuchengetedza kutonga kwakanaka kweshugar yeropa uye kudzivirira matambudziko.

Yeuka kuti kutonga Chidhakwa kwenguva refu, kwete kumhanya. Mamwe mazuva achaita zvakanaka kupfuura mamwe, uye izvozvo zvakajairika. Tarisa kufambira mberi panzvimbo pekukwana, uye farai kukunda duku munzira.

Rambai muchiziva nezvechirwere chenyu, asi musarega kuchikukunda. Tekinoroji uye nzira dzekurapa dzichiri kuvandudzwa, zvichiita kuti kutonga Chidhakwa kuve nyore uye kunyanya kushanda kupfuura nakare kose.

Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa Nezve Chidhakwa

Chidhakwa Chinogona Kupora Here?

Parizvino, hapana mushonga weChidhakwa, asi chinogona kutongwa zvakanyanya. Chidhakwa cheType 2 chinogona kupinda mu remission nekuchinja kwakakura kwe mararamiro, asi chichiri kuda kuongororwa nguva dzose. Chidhakwa cheType 1 chinoda kurapwa kwe insulin nguva dzose, kunyangwe kutsvakurudza pamusoro pemishonga inogoneka kuri kuenderera mberi.

Ndichafanira Kusiya Zvokudya Zvangu Zvandinofarira Here?

Haufaniri kusiya zvokudya zvako zvandinofarira zvese, asi uchafanira kudzidza kuifarira zvishoma nezvishoma uye kuenzanisa nemamwe masarudzo ane hutano. Kubatana ne registered dietitian kunogona kukubatsira kugadzira chirongwa chekudya chinosanganisira zvokudya zvaunoda uchichengeta shuga yako yeropa yakagadzikana.

Chidhakwa Chinobatsira Here?

Kwete, Chidhakwa hachibatiri. Haugoni kuchibata kubva kune mumwe munhu kuburikidza nekubata, kugovana chikafu, kana kuva pedyo nevanhu vane Chidhakwa. Type 1 chirwere che autoimmune, uye Type 2 chinoitika nekuda kwemajini nezvinhu zvemararamiro.

Ndingachiri kurovedza muviri here neChidhakwa?

Hongu, kurovedza muviri chimwe chezvinhu zvakanakisisa zvaunogona kuita pakutonga Chidhakwa. Kurovedza muviri kunobatsira muviri wako kushandisa insulin zvakanyanya uye kunogona kuderedza huwandu hweshugar yeropa. Ungada kutarisisa shuga yako yeropa zvakanyanya uye kugadzirisa mishonga yako kana zvokudya, asi zviitiko zvizhinji zvakachengeteka zvakakwana.

Chii chinoitika kana shuga yangu yeropa ikaderera zvakanyanya?

Shuga yakaderera yeropa (hypoglycemia) inogona kukonzera zviratidzo senge kudedera, kuita shungu, kusanzwisisa, kana kuzvinzwa musoro. Irapwa nekukurumidza ne gramu gumi nemashanu ye carbohydrate dzinoshanda nekukurumidza senge glucose tablets, juisi, kana candy. Tarisa shuga yako yeropa mushure memaminitsi gumi nemashanu uye dzokorora kana zvichidiwa. Gara uine sosi yekukurumidza ye glucose newe.