Chii Chinonzi Diabetes Insipidus? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Diabetes insipidus chirwere chisingawanzoitika chinoita kuti uburitse mvura yakawanda isina ruvara uye unzwe nyota nguva dzose. Kusiyana nechirwere chinowanzoitika cheshuga chechinyakare (chinoita kuti shuga muropa iwedzere), chirwere ichi chinoita kuti muviri wako usakwanise kudzora mvura zvakanaka. Kunyange zita racho richinzwa riri pedyo nechirwere cheshuga chechinyakare, izvi zvirwere zvakasiyana zvachose zvinongova nezviratidzo zvakafanana sekuenda kunzvimbo kazhinji.

Chii chinonzi diabetes insipidus?

Diabetes insipidus inoitika kana muviri wako usingakwanisi kudzora zvakanaka kuti ungachengeta kana kuburitsa mvura yakawanda sei. Itsvo dzako kazhinji dzinogadzira mvura yakakora kuti dzigone kuchengetedza mvura, asi nechirwere ichi, dzinoburitsa mvura yakawanda isina kukora. Funga nezvazvo sekunge iri tapu iripo risingazvivhuri.

Chirwere ichi chinonzi zita racho nekuda kwemvura yakawanda isina kuravira inoburitswa. Vanhu vakawanda vane diabetes insipidus vanoburitsa mvura iri pakati pe3 kusvika ku15 litres pazuva, zvichienzaniswa ne1 kusvika ku2 litres kazhinji. Kuburitsa mvura iyi kunokonzera nyota yakanyanya sezvo muviri wako uchiedza kutsiva mvura yakarasika.

Ndeapi zviratidzo zve diabetes insipidus?

Zviratidzo zvikuru zve diabetes insipidus zvinosanganisira kunetseka kwemuviri wako kuchengetedza mvura zvakanaka. Izvi zviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka zvishoma nezvishoma kana kuoneka kamwe kamwe, zvichienderana nezviri kukonzera chirwere ichi.

Zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira:

• Kuburitsa mvura yakawanda (polyuria) - kazhinji 3 kusvika ku15 litres pazuva
• Nyota yakanyanya, inogara nguva dzose (polydipsia) iyo yakaoma kuzadzisa
• Kumuka kakawanda usiku kuti uende kunzvimbo
• Kuda zvinwiwa zvinotonhora kwazvo
• Kuneta uye kushaya simba nekuda kwekushaya hope
• Kushatirwa kana kuoma kufunga

Muitiro wakakomba, unogonawo kuona zviratidzo zvekushaya mvura semusoro, kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza, kana muromo wakaoma. Vana vane chirwere ichi vanogona kunyorova mubhedha, vanogona kuita sevasina kunyaradza, kana kuti vane dambudziko kukura. Izvi zviratidzo zvinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva uye hope dzako zvakanyanya.

Ndeapi marudzi e diabetes insipidus?

Kune marudzi mana makuru e diabetes insipidus, rimwe nerimwe rine zvinokonzera zvakasiyana. Kunzwisisa kuti uri nerudzii kunobatsira kuona nzira yakanakisa yekurapa.

Central diabetes insipidus ndiyo inowanzoitika. Inoitika kana uropi hwako husina hormone yakakwana inonzi antidiuretic hormone (ADH), inonziwo vasopressin. Hormone iyi kazhinji inoudza itsvo dzako kuti dziite kuchengetedza mvura nekugadzira mvura yakakora.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus inoitika kana itsvo dzako dzisingapindure zvakanaka kuADH, kunyange uropi hwako huchigadzira huwandu hwakajairwa. Itsvo dzako dzinoita sedzisingateereri chiratidzo chehormone yekuchengetedza mvura.

Gestational diabetes insipidus inoitika panguva yekuzvitakura kana placenta ichigadzira enzymes dzinovhara ADH. Rudzi urwu runowanzopera mushure mekubereka asi rinoda kutarisirwa zvakanaka panguva yekuzvitakura.

Primary polydipsia, inonziwo dipsogenic diabetes insipidus, inoitika kana iwe uchinywa mvura yakawanda nekuda kwechirwere chekuona nyota. Izvi zvinokanganisa simba reitsvo dzako rekugadzira mvura yakakora, zvichiita zviratidzo zvakafanana ne diabetes insipidus chaiyo.

Chii chinokonzera diabetes insipidus?

Zvinokonzera diabetes insipidus zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwaunaro. Zviitiko zvizhinji zvinoitika nekuda kwekuvadzwa kana matambudziko mune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri wako zvinodzora mvura.

Central diabetes insipidus kazhinji inobva pa:

• Kuakuvadzwa kwemusoro kana kuvhiyiwa kwemusoro kunokuvadza hypothalamus kana pituitary gland
• Zvirwere zveuropi, kunyanya izvo zvinokanganisa nzvimbo ye pituitary
• Zvirwere senge meningitis kana encephalitis
• Kuchinja kwemajini kunopfuudzwa kubva kumhuri
• Zvirwere zve autoimmune umo immune system yako inorwisa masero anogadzira hormone

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus inogona kuitika kubva pa:

• Kuchinja kwemajini kunokanganisa kushanda kweitsvo
• Chirwere cheitsvo chekare kana kukuvara kweitsvo
• Mishonga yakati, kunyanya lithium inoshandiswa pakurapa bipolar disorder
• Kuwedzera kwe calcium muropa
• Kushomeka kwe potassium

Muitiro wakati, kunyanya ne central diabetes insipidus, vanachiremba havawanikwe chikonzero chaicho. Izvi zviitiko zvinonzi idiopathic, zvinoreva kuti chirwere ichi chinoitika pasina chikonzero chakajeka. Kunyange izvi zvinganzwa zvakashata, kurapa kwakakosha kuripo pasinei nezvinokonzera.

Rini unofanira kuona chiremba nekuda kwe diabetes insipidus?

Unofanira kubata nemunhu anokutarisira utano kana uri kuburitsa mvura inopfuura 3 litres pazuva kana uchinyanya kunzwa nyota kunyange uchinywa mvura yakawanda. Izvi zviratidzo, kunyanya kana zvichingogara kwemazuva akawanda, zvinoda kuongororwa nachiremba.

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza kana uine zviratidzo zvekushaya mvura kwakanyanya. Izvi zvinosanganisira musoro paunomira, kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza, kusanzwisisa, kana kusakwanisa kuchengetedza mvura. Kushaya mvura kunogona kuva ngozi nekukurumidza ne diabetes insipidus.

Kune vana, tarisa kunyorova kwemubhedha kwakanyanya mwana akambodzidziswa kushandisa imba yekugezera, kusanzwa kunyaradza, kana kusakwanisa kukura. Vacheche vanogona kuratidza zviratidzo senge diapers dzakaoma kunyange zvekudya zvakanaka, kushaya kudya, kana kuchema kwakanyanya. Kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kunogona kudzivirira matambudziko uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwakanaka zvikuru.

Ndeapi njodzi dze diabetes insipidus?

Zvinhu zvakati zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wako wekuwana diabetes insipidus. Kunzwisisa izvi njodzi kunokubatsira kuramba uchiri kutarisisa zviratidzo zvepakutanga uye kutsvaga kurapwa kwakakodzera.

Njodzi huru dzinokosha dzinosanganisira:

• Nhoroondo yemhuri ye diabetes insipidus, kunyanya kune marudzi emajini
• Kuoperesheni kwemusoro kana kukuvara kwemusoro kunokanganisa nzvimbo ye pituitary
• Kutora mushonga we lithium kwenguva yakareba
• Kuva nezvirwere zve autoimmune zvinogona kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwe hormone
• Kuzvitakura, izvo zvinogona kukonzera gestational diabetes insipidus
• Chirwere cheitsvo chekare kana zvimwe zvirwere zveitsvo

Zera rinogonawo kutamba basa, ne central diabetes insipidus dzimwe nguva ichioneka muhudiki nekuda kwezvinhu zvemajini. Zvisinei, chirwere ichi chinogona kuitika pazera ripi zvaro, kunyanya mushure me kukuvara kwemusoro kana zvirwere. Kuva nenjodzi imwe hakusi kuvimbiso yekuti uchanetsa chirwere ichi, asi zvinokosha kutaura nachiremba kana ukaona zviratidzo zvakakosha.

Ndeapi matambudziko anogona kuitika e diabetes insipidus?

Kana yakarongedzwa zvakanaka, diabetes insipidus kazhinji haikonzere matambudziko makuru ehutano kwenguva refu. Zvisinei, diabetes insipidus isina kurapwa kana isina kudzorwa zvakanaka inogona kukonzera matambudziko akawanda anokanganisa hutano hwako hwese.

Zvinonyanya kunetseka zvinosanganisira:

• Kushaya mvura, izvo zvinogona kuva zvakanyanya kana kunwa mvura kusina kufanana ne kuburitsa
• Kusawirirana kwe electrolytes, kunyanya sodium yakaderera (hyponatremia)
• Kushaya hope nekuda kwekuenda kunzvimbo usiku kakawanda
• Matambudziko eitsvo nekuda kwekushaya mvura kwenguva refu
• Kukura kwakaderera muvana nekuda kwekushaya hope uye zvokudya

Matambudziko asingawanzoitika asi akakomba anogona kuitika kana ukawana water intoxication nekuda kwekunwa mvura yakawanda nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera sodium yakaderera zvikuru, zvichikonzera kuzvimba kwemutauro, kuita seizure, kana coma. Matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa senge kunetseka kana kuora mwoyo zvinogonawo kuitika nekuda kwenhamba yechirwere uye kukanganisa kwayo pazviitiko zvezuva nezuva.

Nekurapa kwakakodzera uye kutarisirwa, matambudziko aya anogona kudzivirirwa zvakanyanya. Vanhu vakawanda vane diabetes insipidus vanogona kurarama hupenyu hwakajairwa, hunoshanda kana chirwere chavo chakarongedzwa zvakanaka.

Diabetes insipidus inoziiwa sei?

Kuziva diabetes insipidus kunosanganisira bvunzo dzakati kuti uone kuburitsa mvura yakawanda uye kuona zvinokonzera. Chiremba wako anotanga nekutarisa zviratidzo zvako nenhoroondo yako yekurapa, achinyanya kufunga nezvekuti uri kunwa uye kuburitsa mvura yakawanda sei.

Bvunzo dzepakutanga kazhinji dzinosanganisira kuongororwa kwemvura kuti uone kukora uye kuunganidzwa kwemvura kwemaawa 24 kuti uone huwandu hwakazara. Bvunzo dzeropa dzinobatsira kuona mazinga ako e electrolytes, kushanda kweitsvo, uye mazinga ehormone. Idzi bvunzo dzepakutanga dzinobatsira kusiyanisa diabetes insipidus nezvimwe zvirwere senge diabetes mellitus.

Chiremba wako anogona kuita bvunzo yekushaya mvura, inofungwa seyakakosha bvunzo yekuongorora. Panguva yebvunzo iyi inotarwa, uchamira kunwa mvura kwemaawa akawanda nepo vanachiremba vachitarisa kuburitsa kwemvura uye kukora. Izvi zvinobatsira kuona kana itsvo dzako dzichingakwanisa kugadzira mvura yakakora kana zvichidiwa.

Kuongororwa kuwedzerwa kunogona kusanganisira kuongororwa kweuropi ne MRI kuti uone zvirwere kana kukuvara munzvimbo ye pituitary. Kuongororwa kwemajini kunogona kukurudzirwa kana paine nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere ichi. Maitiro ekuongorora anogona kutora nguva, asi kuwana kuongororwa kwakakodzera kunoita kuti uwane kurapwa kwakanyanya kushanda.

Kurapa kwe diabetes insipidus ndekupi?

Kurapa kwe diabetes insipidus kunotarisa pakutsiva hormones dzakarasika kana kubatsira itsvo dzako kushanda zvakanaka. Nzira chaiyo inotsamira pane rudzi rwaunaro uye zviri kukonzera.

Kune central diabetes insipidus, kurapa kukuru ndeye desmopressin (DDAVP), imhando ye hormone ADH. Mushonga uyu unouya se nasal spray, mapiritsi emuromo, kana injection. Inoderedza kuburitsa kwemvura uye nyota muvanhu vakawanda vane rudzi urwu.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus yakaoma kurapa sezvo kutsiva hormone kusina basa. Nzira dzekurapa dzinosanganisira:

• Thiazide diuretics, izvo zvinobatsira itsvo kugadzira mvura yakakora
• Mishonga inorwisa kuzvimba senge indomethacin
• Zvokudya zvine sodium yakaderera, protein yakaderera kuderedza basa reitsvo
• Kumisa mishonga inogona kukonzera dambudziko, kana zvichibvira

Kune gestational diabetes insipidus, desmopressin yakachengeteka panguva yekuzvitakura uye kazhinji inogadzirisa zviratidzo. Primary polydipsia inoda kurapa chikonzero chekuona nyota kwakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kusanganisira mishonga yepfungwa kana zviito zvekuita.

Kutarisirwa nguva dzose kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti kurapa kunoramba kuchishanda uye kunobvumira kugadziriswa kwemishonga sezvinodiwa. Vanhu vakawanda vanowana zororo rakakosha nekurapa kwakakodzera.

Nzira yekutarisira diabetes insipidus pamba?

Kutarisira diabetes insipidus pamba kunosanganisira kutarisisa zvakanaka pamvura uye nguva yemishonga. Nezviyero zvakanaka, unogona kuchengetedza kudzora zvakanaka kwezviratidzo uye kudzivirira matambudziko.

Kutora mishonga nguva dzose kunokosha pakudzora zviratidzo. Gadzira mazano ekutora desmopressin uye usamboasiya, sezvo izvi zvingakonzera kudzoka kwezviratidzo nekukurumidza. Chengetera mishonga yakawedzerwa paunofamba kana panguva yekukurumidza.

Tarisa kunwa kwako kwemvura uye kuburitsa kuti uone maitiro kana matambudziko. Chengetera rekodhi yakapfava yezvaunonwa uye zvaunoburitsa, kunyanya paunogadzirisa kurapa. Tarisa zviratidzo zvekushaya mvura senge musoro, kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza, kana mvura yakasviba.

Kutarisira kwezuva nezuva kunosanganisira:

• Kuenda nenzvimbo dzakawanda dzemvura uye kuziva kuti nzvimbo dzekushandisa imba yekugezera dziripi
• Kupfeka zvishongo zvinoratidza chirwere chako
• Kuronga zviitiko zvichienderana nenguva yemishonga uye kuwanikwa kwemba yekugezera
• Kuchengeta zvinwiwa zvinotsiva electrolytes paunorwara kana kuti uri munzvimbo inopisa
• Kuwanikwa hope dzakakwana nekugadzirisa mishonga yehusiku zvakanaka

Panguva yerwere, kunyanya nefebri kana kurutsa, bata nemunhu anokutarisira utano nekukurumidza. Izvi zviitiko zvinogona kukonzera kushaya mvura kwakanyanya muvanhu vane diabetes insipidus.

Ungagadzirira sei kuona chiremba wako?

Kuagadzirira zvakanaka kuona chiremba wako kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana kuongororwa kwakanyanya uye chirongwa chekurapa chinokosha. Kuagadzirira zvakanaka kunogona kuchengetedza nguva uye kukonzera zvibereko zvakanaka zvekurapa.

Usati waona chiremba wako, tarisa zviratidzo zvako kwevhiki rimwe chete. Nyora kuti uri kunwa uye kuburitsa mvura yakawanda sei, kana zviratidzo zviri zvakanyanya, uye zvinobatsira kana zvinowedzera zviratidzo. Cherechedza mishonga yauri kutora, kusanganisira mishonga yekutengesa uye zvinowedzerwa.

Unganidza marekodhi ekurapa akakosha, kunyanya kana iwe uchinge uine kukuvara kwemusoro, kuvhiyiwa kwemusoro, kana matambudziko eitsvo. Uya nerondedzero yakazara yemishonga yako yese ine mwero uye nguva. Kana uine nhoroondo yemhuri ye diabetes insipidus kana zvimwe zvirwere zvakabatana, nyora zvaunoziva.

Gadzira mibvunzo yekubvunza chiremba wako:

• Nderudzii rwe diabetes insipidus rwandine?
• Chii chinokonzera chirwere changu?
• Ndeapi maitiro ekurapa aripo?
• Tichaongorora sei kufambira kwangu?
• Ndeapi mamiriro ekukurumidza andinofanira kutarisa?
• Izvi zvichakanganisa sei zviitiko zvangu zvezuva nezuva?

Funga nezvekukoka nhengo yemhuri kana shamwari kuti ikubatsire kurangarira ruzivo rwakakosha. Vanogonawo kupa mamwe mazano nezviratidzo zvako zvausingagoni kuona iwe pachako.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezve diabetes insipidus?

Diabetes insipidus chirwere chinogona kudzorwa, kunyange zvazvo chisingafadzi, hachifanire kutonga hupenyu hwako. Nekuongororwa kwakakodzera uye kurapa, vanhu vakawanda vanowana kuvandudzwa kukuru muzviratidzo zvavo uye vanogona kuchengetedza mararamiro akajairika, anoshanda.

Chinonyanya kukosha kurangarira ndechekuti kurapa kwakakosha kuripo kune marudzi ese e diabetes insipidus. Kunyange uchida kutsiva hormone, kuchinja kudya, kana mishonga yakati, kushanda pedyo nechikwata chako chekurapa kunokonzera zvibereko zvakanaka.

Kuziva nekukurumidza uye kurapa kunodzivirira matambudziko uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwakanaka zvikuru. Usanetseka kutsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa kana uri kunzwa nyota yakanyanya uye kuburitsa mvura yakawanda, sezvo kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapa kunogona kuita musiyano mukuru mukunzwa kwako zuva nezuva.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve diabetes insipidus

Diabetes insipidus yakafanana here nechirwere cheshuga chechinyakare?

Kwete, diabetes insipidus yakasiyana zvachose ne diabetes mellitus (chirwere cheshuga chechinyakare). Kunyange zvose zvichikonzera kuburitsa mvura yakawanda, diabetes mellitus inosanganisira matambudziko eshuga muropa, nepo diabetes insipidus inosanganisira matambudziko emvura. Kurapa nematambudziko zvakasiyana zvachose, kunyange mazita acho achinyangarika.

Diabetes insipidus inogona kupora zvachose here?

Mamwe marudzi anogona kupora kana chikonzero chiripo chiri kurapika, senge kubvisa chirwere cheuropi kana kumisa mushonga uri kukonzera dambudziko. Zvisinei, zviitiko zvizhinji zvinoda kurapwa kwenguva refu kudzora zviratidzo zvakanaka. Mashoko akanaka ndeawo kuti nekurapa kwakakodzera, vanhu vakawanda vanorarama hupenyu hwakajairwa, hunogara zvakanaka.

Mvura yakawanda sei yandinofanira kunwa ne diabetes insipidus?

Unofanira kunwa mvura yakakwana kuzadzisa nyota yako uye kuchengetedza mvura yakakwana, iyo kazhinji yakawanda kupfuura kazhinji. Usarega kunwa mvura kunze kwekunge waudza nachiremba wako, sezvo izvi zvingakonzera kushaya mvura kwakanyanya. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichakubatsira kuwana mvura yakakwana zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo.

Vana vane diabetes insipidus vanogona kurarama hupenyu hwakajairwa here?

Hongu, vana vane diabetes insipidus vanogona kurarama hupenyu hwakajairwa, hunoshanda nekurapa kwakakodzera uye rutsigiro. Zvikoro zvinogona kugadzirisa zvinodiwa zveimba yekugezera uye nguva yemishonga. Vana vakawanda vane diabetes insipidus yakarongedzwa zvakanaka vanobatanidzwa zvizere mumitambo, zviitiko, nezviitiko zvemagariro pasina miganho yakanyanya.

Ndichada here kutora mushonga we diabetes insipidus nekusingaperi?

Izvi zvinoenderana nezviri kukonzera diabetes insipidus yako. Vamwe vanhu vanoda kurapwa kwenguva refu, nepo vamwe vanogona kupora kana chikonzero chiripo chakapora. Chiremba wako achaongorora nguva dzose kana uchiri kuda mushonga uye anogona kugadzirisa kana kurega kurapa zvichienderana nekupindura kwako nemamiriro ako.