Matombo Emutomboti: Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, Kurapa

Matombo emutomboti madiki, akaoma anoumbwa mumutomboti wako, nhengo duku iri pasi pechiropa chako. Funga nezvavo semabwe asingadiwi anogona kuumbwa kana zvinhu zviri mubile yako zvikaita kusawirirana.

Mutomboti wako unochengeta bile, mvura inobatsira pakuputsa mafuta kubva pazvokudya zvako. Kana bile iyi iine cholesterol yakawanda kana zvimwe zvinhu, inogona kuomarara uye kuumba matombo kubva kuzviduku kusvika kukuru. Vazhinji vanhu vane matombo emutomboti vasina kuziva, asi anogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kana akavhara kuyerera kwebile.

Zviratidzo zvematombo emutomboti ndeapi?

Vazhinji vanhu vane matombo emutomboti havaoni zviratidzo, izvo vanachiremba vanoti "matombo emutomboti asingatauri." Unogona kuva nawo kwemakore usina matambudziko, uye kazhinji anowanikwa netsaona pakuongororwa kwehutano.

Zvisinei, kana matombo emutomboti akakonzera zviratidzo, kazhinji anoita zvinozivikanwa sekutambudzika kwemutomboti kana biliary colic. Heano zvaunogona kuona panguva idzi:

• Kurwadziwa kwenguva pfupi, kwakasimba mudumbu rako rworudyi rwepamusoro runogona kugara kwemaminitsi kusvika kumaawa akawanda
• Kurwadziwa kunopararira kumusana wako, banga rerudyi retsoka, kana pakati pemabanga ako
• Kusvotwa uye kurutsa, kunyanya mushure mekudya zvokudya zvine mafuta
• Kutemwa mudumbu uye kunzwa wakazara zvakanyanya
• Kusagadzikana kwegastrointestinal kana heartburn isingapindure kurapwa kwakajairika

Kurwadziwa kazhinji kunouya mushure mekudya zvokudya zvakawanda kana zvine mafuta nekuti mutomboti wako unodonha kuburitsa bile yekugaya. Kana ibwe rikavhara iyi nzira, kurwadziwa kunogona kuva kwakasimba uye kunogona kuuya nemavha.

Muitiro usina kujairika, unogona kuona kuita yero peganda rako nemaziso (jaundice), weewee rima, kana matumbu evara redayi. Izvi zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuti ibwe rinogona kunge richivhara bile duct yako, izvo zvinoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Marudzi ematombo emutomboti ndeapi?

Kune marudzi maviri makuru ematombo emutomboti, rimwe nerimwe richikura kuburikidza nemaitiro akasiyana mumutomboti wako. Kunzwisisa marudzi aya kunogona kubatsira kutsanangura kuti nei anobudirira uye kuti anogona kukukanganisa sei.

Matombo eCholesterol ndiwo marudzi akajairika, anoumba anenge 80% yematombo emutomboti munyika dzekuMadokero. Aya matombo evara yero anoumbwa kana bile yako iine cholesterol yakawanda kupfuura bile salts inogona kuputsa zvakanaka. Anogona kuva madiki kusvika kukuru, dzimwe nguva achizadza mutomboti wese.

Matombo ePigment haawanzoitika asi anowanzova nematambudziko. Aya matombo ari rima brown kana dema anoumbwa kana bile yako iine bilirubin yakawanda, tsvina kubva kumasero matsvuku eropa akaputsika. Anonyanya kukonzera matambudziko uye kazhinji anoenderana nemamwe mamiriro ezvehutano.

Vamwe vanhu vanoita matombo akasanganiswa ane cholesterol ne pigment. Zvishoma, unogona kuva ne calcium carbonate kana calcium phosphate matombo, kunyange aya asingawanzoitika.

Chii chinokonzera matombo emutomboti?

Matombo emutomboti anobudirira kana kuenzana kwezvinhu zviri mubile yako kukanganiswa. Iyi kusawirirana kunogona kuitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda zvakabatana, uye kazhinji zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshanda pamwe chete.

Chikonzero chakajairika chinosanganisira kuva ne cholesterol yakawanda mubile yako. Kana chiropa chako chikapinza cholesterol yakawanda kupfuura bile yako inogona kuputsa, yakawandisa inogona kuomarara uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuumba matombo. Iyi nzira inogona kutora mwedzi kana kunyange makore kuti ibudirire.

Heano zvinhu zvikuru zvinogona kutungamira pakuumbwa kwematombo emutomboti:

• Mutomboti wako usingadonhi zvizere kana kazhinji, uchibvumira bile kuti ive yakakora
• Kurasikirwa nekukurumidza kurema kana kusadya kwenguva refu, izvo zvinoshandura metabolism ye cholesterol yemuviri wako
• Mishonga yakati, kunyanya iyo ine estrogen kana mishonga inoderedza cholesterol
• Zvinhu zvemagariro zvinokanganisa kuti muviri wako unogaya cholesterol uye bile sei
• Mamiriro ezvehutano akadai sedayabetes, chirwere chechiropa, kana matambudziko eropa anowedzera bilirubin levels

Zvokudya zvako zvinokonzerawo, kunyange zviri zvishoma kupfuura vazhinji vanofunga. Kunyange kudya zvokudya zvine mafuta hakukonzere matombo emutomboti zvakananga, kudya kwakakwirira mu refined carbohydrates uye kwakaderera mu fiber kunogona kuwedzera kuumbwa kwavo nekufamba kwenguva.

Muitiro usina kujairika, matombo emutomboti anogona kuumbwa nekuda kwehutachiona mu bile ducts, zvimwe zvirwere zvinowanikwa zvinokanganisa kuputsika kwemasero matsvuku eropa, kana semhedzisiro yekudyisa kwakakwana kweparanetal (IV feeding) inoshandiswa muma hospital.

Rini unofanira kuona chiremba nekuda kwematombo emutomboti?

Unofanira kutsvaka kurapwa kana ukaona zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza matombo emutomboti, kunyanya kana kurwadziwa kwakasimba kana kwenguva refu. Usambomira kurwadziwa kwakasimba mudumbu.

Rongedza nguva yekuona chiremba wako kana ukaona zviitiko zvinodzokororwa zvekurohwa mudumbu, kunyanya mushure mekudya zvokudya zvine mafuta. Kunyange kana kurwadziwa kuchiuya nekuenda, zvinokosha kutaura nachiremba kuti azive chikonzero uye kudzivirira matambudziko.

Tsvaka rubatsiro rwekukurumidza kana ukaona chero chimwe chezviratidzo izvi:

• Kurwadziwa kwakasimba mudumbu kunoshaya kugadziriswa nekuzorora kana mushonga wekurwadziwa usingadi kurapwa kwemishonga
• Kuita yero peganda rako kana maziso ako machena (jaundice)
• Fivha yakakwirira ine chills, izvo zvinogona kuratidza hutachiona
• Kurutsa kwenguva refu kunokudzivisa kuchengetedza mvura
• Matumbu evara redayi kana weewee rima

Izvi zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza matambudziko akakomba senge bile duct yakavharwa, hutachiona hwemutomboti, kana kuzvimba kunoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi yematombo emutomboti ndeapi?

Zvinhu zvakati zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wako wekuita matombo emutomboti, kunyange kuva nezvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi hazvirevi kuti uchava nawo. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu zvinogona kukubatsira kuita sarudzo dzakanaka nezvehutano hwako.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi zvausingakwanisi kuchinja zvinosanganisira zera rako, pabonde, uye magariro. Vakadzi vane mukana wekuita matombo emutomboti kaviri kupfuura varume, kunyanya panguva yekuzvara kwavo nekuda kwezvikonzero zve estrogen pamusoro pe cholesterol metabolism. Njodzi yako inowedzerawo nezera, kunyanya mushure memakore 40.

Heano zvinhu zvikuru zvinowedzera njodzi yematombo emutomboti:

• Kuva mukadzi, kunyanya panguva yekuzvitakura kana uchitora hormone replacement therapy
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yematombo emutomboti, ichiratidza genetic predisposition
• Kutadza uremu, kunyanya kutakura uremu wakawandisa kumativi ako
• Kurasikirwa nekukurumidza kurema kubva pakudya kwakasimba kana bariatric surgery
• Diabetes uye insulin resistance
• Mamwe marudzi, kusanganisira Native American neHispanic heritage

Zvinhu zvehupenyu zvinokonzerawo. Hupenyu husina basa, kudya kwakakwirira mu refined carbohydrates uye kwakaderera mu fiber, uye kusadya kwenguva refu zvinogona kuwedzera. Mishonga yakati, kusanganisira mapiritsi ekudzivirira pamuviri nemishonga inoderedza cholesterol, inogona kuwedzera njodzi yako.

Zvinhu zvisingawanzoitika zvinosanganisira mamiriro ezvehutano akadai se Crohn's disease, cirrhosis, kana matambudziko eropa anokonzera kuwedzera kuputsika kwemasero matsvuku eropa. Vanhu vakaita gastric bypass surgery kana avo vanogamuchira intravenous nutrition kwenguva refu vanotarisanawo nenjodzi yakakwirira.

Matambudziko anogona kuitika ematombo emutomboti ndeapi?

Kunyangwe vazhinji vanhu vane matombo emutomboti vasingambooni matambudziko, matambudziko anogona kuitika kana matombo akavhara kuyerera kwebile kana kukonzera kuzvimba. Aya matambudziko, kunyange asina kujairika, anogona kuva akakomba uye anoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Matambudziko akajairika ndeakuta cholecystitis, iyo kuzvimba kwe gallbladder wall. Izvi zvinoitika kana ibwe rikavhara kubuda kwemutomboti wako, zvichiita kuti bile idzokere shure uye mutomboti uwedzere uye uzvimbe.

Heano matambudziko makuru anogona kuitika:

• Hutachiona hwemutomboti (cholangitis), izvo zvinogona kukonzera fivha, chills, uye kurwadziwa kwakasimba
• Bile duct yakavharwa (choledocholithiasis), ichitungamira ku jaundice uye matambudziko echiropa
• Pancreatitis, kana ibwe rikavhara pancreatic duct kwaisangana ne bile duct
• Kuputsika kwemutomboti mumamiriro ezvinhu akakomba asina kurapwa
• Gallstone ileus, kwaibwe guru rinodzivirira matumbo ako

Aya matambudziko anoda kurapwa nekukurumidza uye kazhinji kurapwa kwekukurumidza. Mashoko akanaka ndeakuti nekurapwa kwakakodzera, matambudziko mazhinji anogona kurapwa zvinobudirira pasina migumisiro yenguva refu.

Muitiro usina kujairika, kuzvimba kwenguva refu kwemutomboti kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yekenza yemutomboti, kunyange izvi zvisingawanzoitika. Vanhu vane mamiriro anozivikanwa se porcelain gallbladder, kwa gallbladder wall inova calcified, vanotarisana nenjodzi yakakwirira yekenza.

Matombo emutomboti anogona kudzivirirwa sei?

Kunyangwe usingakwanisi kudzivirira matombo emutomboti ese, kunyanya ayo ane chekuita nemagene kana pabonde, unogona kutora matanho ekuderedza njodzi yako. Kiyi ndeyekuchengetedza hupenyu hunotsigira kuumbwa kwakakodzera kwe bile uye basa remuboti.

Kuchengetedza uremu hunokosha ndechimwe chezviyero zvinokosha zvekudzivirira. Zvisinei, dzivisa kurasikirwa nekukurumidza kurema kuburikidza nemadhayeti akasimba, sezvo izvi zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yematombo emutomboti. Tsvaka kurasikirwa kurema kwakanyanya, kwenguva refu kwe 1-2 mapaundi pavhiki kana uchida kurasikirwa neuremu.

Heano mazano anobatsira anogona kubatsira kudzivirira matombo emutomboti:

• Dya zvokudya zvakajairwa kuchengetedza mutomboti wako uchidonha zvakaringana
• Sanganisira mafuta ane hutano akadai se olive oil, nati, nehove mune zvokudya zvako
• Sarudza zviyo zvizere pane refined carbohydrates
• Rambai muchiita zvemitambo nekuita zvemitambo nguva dzose
• Chengetera fiber yakakwana kuburikidza nezvibereko, miriwo, nezviyo zvizere

Mamwe maonero anoratidza kuti kunwa kofi kwakanyanya uye kudya nati nguva dzose kunogonawo kuva nekuchengetedza, kunyange zvakawanda zvidzidzo zvinodiwa kusimbisa mabhenefiti aya.

Kana uri panjodzi yakakwirira nekuda kwezvinhu senhoroondo yemhuri kana mamiriro ezvehutano akati, kurukura mazano ekudzivirira nachiremba wako. Vanogona kukurudzira shanduko dzakakosha dzezvokudya kana kuongororwa kwakanyanya.

Matombo emutomboti anoziviswa sei?

Kuziva matombo emutomboti kazhinji kunotanga nachiremba wako achiteerera zviratidzo zvako uye achiita bvunzo yemuviri. Vachabvunza nezvemaitiro ekurwadziwa kwako, kana zviratidzo zvichiitika, uye chero zvinhu zvinoita kuti zvive nani kana zvakanyanya kuipa.

Bvunzo yakajairika uye inoshanda yematombo emutomboti ndeye abdominal ultrasound. Iyi nzira isina kurwadza inoshandisa mafungu ekuita mifananidzo yemutomboti wako uye inogona kuona matombo madiki sezviyero zvishoma. Iyo tekinoroji yakafanana inoshandiswa kuona vana panguva yekuzvitakura.

Chiremba wako anogona kukupawo bvunzo idzi dzakawedzerwa:

• Bvunzo dzeropa kuongorora zviratidzo zvehutachiona, kuzvimba, kana bile duct yakavharwa
• CT scan yekuona zvakadzama, kunyanya kana matambudziko achifungidzirwa
• HIDA scan, iyo inotevera kuyerera kwe bile uye basa remuboti
• Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) kuongorora bile ducts
• Nzira dzeEndoscopic kana matombo ari mu bile ducts achifungidzirwa

Dzimwe nguva matombo emutomboti anowanikwa netsaona pakuongororwa kwemamwe mamiriro. Kana usina zviratidzo, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuongorora panzvimbo pekurapwa nekukurumidza.

Nzira yekuziva kazhinji iri nyore, uye vazhinji vanhu vanowana mhinduro dzakajeka nekukurumidza. Timu yako yehutano ichakubatsira kunzwisisa bvunzo imwe neimwe uye kuti mhinduro dzacho dzinorevei munzvimbo yako chaiyo.

Kurapa kwematombo emutomboti ndekupi?

Kurapa kwematombo emutomboti kunoenderana zvachose nekukonzera zviratidzo. Kana uine matombo emutomboti asingakunetsi, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira nzira yekumirira nekuona nekuongororwa nguva dzose.

Kune matombo emutomboti ane zviratidzo, kubviswa kwemutomboti (cholecystectomy) ndiko kurapwa kwakanyanya kushanda uye kunokurudzirwa. Izvi zvinogona kunzwika zvine njodzi, asi muviri wako unogona kushanda zvakanaka pasina mutomboti.

Heano mazano makuru ekurapa chiremba wako anogona kukurukura:

• Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, kuvhiya kusina kukanganisa kushandisa kucheka duku
• Open cholecystectomy yezviitiko zvakaoma kana matambudziko aripo
• Mishonga yekuputsa matombo e cholesterol, kunyange izvi zvichiita zvishoma nezvishoma uye matombo kazhinji anodzoka
• Extracorporeal shock wave therapy yekuputsa matombo, isingashandiswi nhasi
• Nzira dzeEndoscopic kubvisa matombo kubva mubile ducts

Laparoscopic surgery inoitirwa kuburikidza nekucheka duku uchishandisa kamera duku nezvishandiso zvakakosha. Vazhinji vanhu vanodzokera kumba zuva rimwe chete kana mushure mekurara usiku humwe uye vanodzokera kumabasa avo mukati mevhiki kana mbiri.

Muitiro usina kujairika apo kuvhiya hakugoneki nekuda kwemamwe mamiriro ezvehutano, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira manejimendi emishonga nekurwadziwa kwemishonga uye shanduko dzezvokudya, kunyange izvi hazvichipedzi dambudziko.

Ungadzikamisa sei matombo emutomboti pamba?

Kunyangwe kurapwa kwekumba kusina kukwanisa kupedza matombo emutomboti, unogona kutora matanho ekudzikamisa zviratidzo uye kuderedza mukana wezviitiko zvinorwadza. Aya mazano anoshanda zvakanaka pamwe chete nekurapwa kwemishonga, kwete sechigadziriso chayo.

Panguva yekurwadziwa kwakasimba, kuisa kupisa mudumbu rako repamusoro kunogona kubatsira. Komputa inodziya kana heating pad inogona kubatsira kuzorodza tsandanyama uye kudzikamisa kusagadzikana, kunyange kungwarira kuti usapisa ganda rako.

Heano mazano ekugadzirisa kumba anobatsira:

• Dzivisa zvokudya zvine mafuta, zvine mafuta, kana zvakakangwa zvinogona kutanga kuita kwemutomboti
• Dya zvokudya zviduku, zvakawanda pane zvikamu zvikuru
• Rambai muchinwa mvura zuva rese
• Funga nezve mishonga inoderedza kurwadziwa senge acetaminophen yekusagadzikana kwakanyanya
• Ita nzira dzekudzikisa kushushikana, sezvo kushushikana kunogona kuwedzera zviratidzo zve digestive

Vamwe vanhu vanoona kuti zvokudya zvakati zvinogara zvichiita kuti zviratidzo zvavo zviwedzere. Kuchengeta diary yezvokudya kunogona kukubatsira kuziva uye kudzivisa zvinhu zvako.

Yeuka kuti kurwadziwa kwakasimba, fivha, kana jaundice zvinoda kurapwa nekukurumidza uye hazvifanirwe kugadziriswa pamba. Izvi zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza matambudziko akakomba anoda kurapwa kwemishonga.

Ungagadzirira sei kuona chiremba wako?

Kuagadzirira kuona kwako kunogona kukubatsira kuti uwane zvakanyanya kubva pakushanya kwako uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti chiremba wako ane ruzivo rwakakwana rwekukubatsira. Tanga nekunyora zviratidzo zvako, kusanganisira kana zvichiitika uye zvinhu zvinoita kuti zviwedzere.

Chengeta diary yezviratidzo kwemazuva mashoma usati waona chiremba wako kana zvichibvira. Cherechedza zvawakadya, kana kurwadziwa kwakatanga, kwakagara kwenguva yakareba sei, uye kwakasimba sei pane chiyero che 1 kusvika ku 10. Iyi ruzivo yakakosha kwazvo yekuziva.

Uye uya nezvinhu izvi zvinokosha kuona kwako:

• Rondedzero yakazara yemishonga yese, zvinowedzerwa, uye mavhitamini aunotora
• Diary yezviratidzo zvako nezviziviso, nguva, uye tsananguro dzekurohwa
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yehutano, kunyanya nezve matambudziko emutomboti kana chiropa
• Makadhi ekushandiswa kwemishonga uye chero pepa rinoda kutumwa
• Rondedzero yemibvunzo yaunoda kubvunza chiremba wako

Gadzira mibvunzo chaiyo nezve mamiriro ako, mazano ekurapa, uye zvaunofanira kutarisira. Usambomira kubvunza nezve chero chinhu chisinganzwisisiki, kusanganisira njodzi uye mabhenefiti ekurapa kwakasiyana.

Funga nezvekukoka shamwari yakavimbika kana nhengo yemhuri kuti ikubatsire kuyeuka ruzivo rwakakosha uye kupa rutsigiro. Vanogonawo kukubatsira kufunga nezve mibvunzo yaunogona kukanganwa kubvunza.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezve matombo emutomboti?

Matombo emutomboti akajairika kwazvo, anokanganisa mamiriyoni evanhu, uye vazhinji havaoni chero zviratidzo. Kana ukaita zviratidzo, kurapwa kwakakosha kuripo kunogona kupa zororo rakazara uye kudzivirira matambudziko.

Chinhu chakakosha chokuyeuka ndechekuti zviratidzo zvematombo emutomboti hazvifanirwe kuregererwa, kunyanya kana zvakasimba kana zvichidzokororwa. Kunyangwe matombo emutomboti pachawo asina njodzi, matambudziko anogona kukonzera anoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Kurapa kwazvino, kunyanya kubviswa kwemutomboti kwakakurumidza, kwakachengeteka uye kwakanyanya kushanda. Vazhinji vanhu vakabviswa mutomboti vanorarama hupenyu hwakanaka pasina miganho yezvokudya kana matambudziko anogara achifamba.

Kana uri kuona zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zvine chekuita ne matombo emutomboti, usambomira kutaura nachiremba wako. Kuziva nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakakodzera kunogona kudzivirira matambudziko uye kukudzosera kunzwa zvakanaka.

Mibvunzo inobvunzwa kazhinji nezve matombo emutomboti

Unogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka pasina mutomboti here?

Hongu, unogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka pasina mutomboti wako. Chiropa chako chinoenderera mberi nekupinza bile, iyo inoyerera zvakananga mumatumbu ako maduku panzvimbo yekuchengetwa. Vazhinji vanhu havaoni miganho yezvokudya yehupenyu hwenguva refu kana matambudziko ekugaya mushure mekubviswa kwemutomboti.

Matombo emutomboti anoda kuvhiyiwa nguva dzose here?

Kwete, kuvhiya kunokurudzirwa chete kune matombo emutomboti anokonzera zviratidzo kana matambudziko. Vazhinji vanhu vane matombo emutomboti asingatauri asingambokonzeri matambudziko uye asingadi kurapwa. Chiremba wako anongokurudzira kuvhiya kana matombo emutomboti ako achikonzera kurwadziwa, hutachiona, kana mamwe matambudziko.

Kudya chete kunogona kuputsa matombo emutomboti here?

Zvinosuruvarisa, shanduko dzezvokudya chete hadzigoni kuputsa matombo emutomboti aripo. Kunyange zvazvo mishonga yakati inogona dzimwe nguva kuputsa matombo madiki e cholesterol, iyi nzira iri nyore uye matombo kazhinji anodzoka. Zvisinei, kudya kwakakodzera kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira matombo matsva kubva pakuumbwa uye kunogona kuderedza huwandu hwezviratidzo.

Kuvhiya kwemutomboti kunotora nguva yakareba sei kuti unopora?

Kupora kubva laparoscopic gallbladder surgery kazhinji kunokurumidza. Vazhinji vanhu vanodzokera kumabasa avo zuva nezuva mukati mevhiki uye vanogona kudzokera kune zvemitambo uye kusimudza zvinorema mushure memavhiki 2-3. Kuvhiya kwakazara kunoda nguva yakareba yekupora kwemavhiki 4-6, asi iyi nzira isingawanzodiwa.

Kune chero zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuti matombo emutomboti ari kuita njodzi here?

Hongu, tsvaka rubatsiro rwekukurumidza kana ukaona kurwadziwa kwakasimba mudumbu kunoshaya kugadziriswa, kuita yero peganda rako kana maziso, fivha yakakwirira ine chills, kana kurutsa kwenguva refu. Izvi zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza matambudziko akakomba senge bile duct yakavharwa kana hutachiona hwemutomboti hunoda kurapwa kwekukurumidza.