Gangrene

Gangrene rufu rwenyama remumuviri nekuda kwokushaya ropa kana chirwere chakakomba chemabhakitiriya. Gangrene kazhinji inokanganisa maoko nemakumbo, kusanganisira minwe neminwe yezvigunwe. Inogonawo kuitika mumasumbu uye mune zvikamu zviri mukati memumuviri, sekubhedha.

Chero mamiriro ano kukuvadza ropa mitsuva uye anokanganisa kuyerera kweropa, sekushaya shuga mweropa kana kuoma kwemitsuva yeropa (atherosclerosis), zvinoita kuti munhu ave nechinetso chegangrene.

Kurapwa kwe gangrene kunogona kusanganisira mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kurapwa kwooxygen, nekuvhiya kudzoreredza kuyerera kweropa kubvisa tishu rakafa. Gangrene inorayirwa nekukurumidza, mukana wekupora unowedzera.

Kana gangrene ichikanganisa ganda, zviratidzo nezvimwe zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kushanduka kwemavara eganda — kubva kune grey yakapfava kusvika kune blue, purple, black, bronze kana red
• Kuruma
• Maronda
• Kurwadziwa kwenguva pfupi, kwakasimba kwakateverwa nekusanzwa
• Mvura ine kunhuhwirira kusingafadzi ichibuda paruvara
• Ganda rakapfava, rakanyatsopenya, kana ganda risina bvudzi
• Ganda rinotonhora kana kuti rinotonhora kana rabata

Kana gangrene ichikanganisa tishu dziri pasi peganda rako, senge gas gangrene kana internal gangrene, unogonawo kuva nefevha isina simba uye kunzwa usina kunaka kazhinji.

Kana hutachiona hwakakonzera gangrene hwakapararira mumuviri, mamiriro anozivikanwa se septic shock anogona kuitika. Zviratidzo nezvimwe zvinogona kusanganisira:

• BP yakaderera
• Fevha, kunyange vamwe vanhu vangave netembiricha yemuviri iri pasi pe 98.6 F (37 C)
• Kuve nechokumhanya kwemoyo
• Kuora musoro
• Kushaya mweya
• Kusanzwisisa

Gangrene chirwere chakakomba chinotoda kurapwa nekukurumidza. Dana chiremba wako pakarepo kana uine marwadzo asingaperi, asinganzwisisiki munzvimbo ipi neipi yemuviri wako pamwe chete nechimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera kana zvakawanda:

*Fivha isingaperi *Kuchinja kwe ganda — kusanganisira kusviba, kupisa, kuzvimba, maronda kana mabhlister — ausingakwanisi kubvisa *Kubuda kunonhuwa kunobva paruvara *Marwadzo anouya kamwe kamwe panzvimbo yekuvhiya kana kukuvara kwakaitwa nguva pfupi yadarika *Ganda rakapfava, rakaoma, rinotonhora uye risinganzwi

Zvinokonzera gangrene zvinosanganisira:

• Kushayikwa kweropa. Ropa rinounza oksijeni nezvinovaka muviri mumuviri. Rinounzawo masoja emuviri anorwisa zvirwere. Pasina ropa rakakwana, masero haakwanisi kurarama, uye tishu rinopera.
• Hutachiona. Hutachiona hwemabhakitiriya husina kurapwa hunogona kukonzera gangrene.
• Kukuvadzwa kwakasimba. Maronda akaitwa nepfuti kana kukuvara kwakasimba kunokonzerwa nemigwagwa inogona kukonzera maronda akavhurika anobvumira mabhakitiriya kupinda mumuviri. Kana mabhakitiriya akaita hutachiona mu tishu uye asingarapwi, gangrene inogona kuitika.

Zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi ye gangrene zvinosanganisira:

• **Chirwere cheshuga.**mazinga epamusoro eshuga eropa anogona pakupedzisira kukuvadza ropa. Kukuvadzwa kwezvipembenene zveropa kunogona kuderedza kana kudzivirira kuyerera kweropa kune imwe chikamu chemuviri.
• Chirwere chemidziyo yeropa. Arteries yakaoma uye yakamanikana (atherosclerosis) uye ropa rinogona kudzivirira kuyerera kweropa kune imwe nzvimbo yemuviri.
• Kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kana kuvhiya. Chero nzira inokonzera kukuvara kweganda ne tishu dziri pasi, kusanganisira frostbite, inowedzera njodzi ye gangrene. Njodzi yakakura kana uine mamiriro ezvinhu anokanganisa kuyerera kweropa kunzvimbo yakakuvadzwa.
• Kusvuta. Vanhu vanosvuta vane njodzi yakakwira ye gangrene.
• Kutadza. Kurema kunogona kudzvanya pa arteries, kuderedza kuyerera kweropa uye kuwedzera njodzi yekusangana nehutachiona uye kurapa kwakashata kwemaronda.
• Immunosuppression. Chemotherapy, radiation uye mamwe maitiro, akadai sehuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV), anogona kukanganisa kugona kwemuviri kurwisa hutachiona.
• Injections. Zvisingawanzoitika, mishonga inopihwa ne injection yakabatana nehutachiona nemabhakitiriya anokonzera gangrene.
• Matambudziko echiropa chekoronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Kwave nemashoko mashoma evanhu vanowana gangrene yakaoma mumaoko neminwe yavo mushure mekuva neCOVID-19-related blood clotting problems (coagulopathy). Kutsvakurudza kuwedzerwa kunodiwa kusimbisa hukama uhu.

Gangrene inogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba kana ikasabatwa nekukurumidza. Mabhakitiriya anogona kupararira nekukurumidza kumatishu nemiviri yakawanda. Ungada kubviswa kwemukati wemumuviri (kuchekerwa) kuti upone. Kubviswa kwematishu akafurirwa kunogona kukonzera mavara kana kudiwa kwekuvhiya kwekugadzirisa.

Heano mamwe maitiro ekuderedza njodzi yekuwanda kwe gangrene:

• Tarisa shuga yeropa. Kana uine chirwere cheshuga, zvakakosha kutonga huwandu hweshuga yeropa. Itawo shuwa yekutarisa maoko ako nemakumbo zuva nezuva kuti uone kana paine zvidimbu, maronda, uye zviratidzo zvehutachiona, senge kuzvimba, kuzvimba kana kubuda mvura. Kumbira chiremba wako kuti aongorore maoko ako nemakumbo kanenge kamwe chete pagore.
• Deredza uremu. Kurema kunowedzera njodzi yechirwere cheshuga. Kurema kunonyanya kuisawo kumanikidza pamitsinga yeropa, zvichiita kuti ropa rifambe zvishoma. Kuwedzera kweropa kunowedzera njodzi yehutachiona uye kunokonzera kurapa kwakareba kwemaronda.
• Usafume kana kushandisa fodya. Kushandisa fodya kwenguva refu kunokuvadza midziyero yeropa.
• Geza maoko ako. Ita zvekuchenesa zvakanaka. Geza chero maronda akavhurika neshamupu nyoro nemvura. Chengeta maoko akachena uye akaoma kusvika apo apora.
• Tarisa kana paine frostbite. Frostbite inoderedza kuyerera kweropa munzvimbo yemuviri yakabatwa. Kana uine ganda rakasviba, rakanyanya kuoma, rinotonhora uye risina kunzwa mushure mekupinda munzvimbo inotonhora, fonera chiremba wako.

Kuongororwa kunoshandiswa kubatsira pakuzivisa gangrene kunosanganisira:

• Kuongororwa kweropa. Kuwanda kwema cell machena eropa kazhinji chiratidzo chehutachiona. Kuongororwa kwakasiyana-siyana kweropa kunogona kuitwa kuti uone kuvapo kwemabhakitiriya chaiwo nemamwe mabhakitiriya.
• Kudyara mvura kana tishu. Kuongororwa kunogona kuitwa kutsvaga mabhakitiriya mu sampuli yemvura kubva pablister reganda. Sampuli yetishu inogona kuongororwa pasi pe microscope kutsvaga zviratidzo zvekufa kwemasero.
• Kuongororwa kwemuenzaniso. X-rays, computerized tomography (CT) scans uye magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans inogona kuratidza nhengo, midziyero yeropa nemapfupa. Aya maekisi anopa rubatsiro pakuratidza kuti gangrene yakapararira zvakadii mumuviri.
• Kuvhiya. Kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa kuti uwane tarisiro iri nani mukati memuviri uye kudzidza kuti tishu yakawanda yakasvibiswa zvakadii.