Chirwere Chemwoyo

Chirwere chemwoyo chinotsanangura marudzi akawanda ezvirwere zvinokanganisa mwoyo. Chirwere chemwoyo chinosanganisira:

• Chirwere chemidziyero yeropa, sekunge chirwere che coronary artery.
• Kutadza kwemwoyo, kunonzi arrhythmias.
• Zvirwere zvemoyo zvaunazvo kubva pakuberekwa, zvinonzi congenital heart defects.
• Chirwere chetsandanyama yemwoyo.
• Chirwere chevavha yemwoyo.

Marudzi akawanda echirwere chemwoyo anogona kudzivirirwa kana kurapwa nekusarudza mararamiro ane hutano.

Zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechirwere chemwoyo.

Chirwere chekoronari artery chirwere chemwoyo chinowanzoitika chinotapura ropa guru rinogadzirisa tsandanyama yemwoyo. Kuwanda kwemafuta, cholesterol nezvimwe zvinhu mukati nepanzvimbo dzema artery kazhinji kunokonzera chirwere chekoronari artery. Kuwanda uku kunonzi plaque. Kuwanda kwe plaque mu arteries kunonzi atherosclerosis (ath-ur-o-skluh-ROE-sis). Atherosclerosis inoderedza kuyerera kweropa kumwoyo nekumativi akawanda emuviri. Inogona kukonzera kurwadziwa kwemwoyo, kurwadziwa pabvudzi kana kurohwa.

Zviratidzo zvechirwere chekoronari artery zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kushaya mweya.
• Kurwadziwa mutsipa, muromo, muhuro, mudumbu repamusoro kana kumashure.
• Kurwadziwa, kushaya kunzwa, kushaya simba kana kunotonhora mumakumbo kana maoko kana ropa riri munzvimbo idzodzo dzemuviri rakapfupika.

Ungasazive kuti une chirwere chekoronari artery kusvika wava nekurwadziwa kwemwoyo, angina, kurohwa kana kukundikana kwemwoyo. Zvakakosha kutarisa zviratidzo zvemoyo. Taura nechikwata chako chehutano nezve chero zvinokunetsa. Chirwere chemwoyo dzimwe nguva chinogona kuwanikwa pakutanga nekuongororwa kwehutano nguva dzose.

Stephen Kopecky, M.D., anotaura nezve zvinokonzera njodzi, zviratidzo nekurapa kwechirwere chekoronari artery (CAD). Dzidza kuti shanduko dzehupenyu dzinogona kuderedza njodzi yako.

{Mimhanzi ichitamba}

Chirwere chekoronari artery, chinonziwo CAD, chirwere chinotapura mwoyo wako. Icho chirwere chemwoyo chinowanzoitika muUnited States. CAD inoitika kana coronary arteries ikarwadziwa kupa mwoyo ropa rakakwana, oksijeni nezvinovaka muviri. Kuwanda kwe cholesterol, kana plaques, kunowanzova kukonzeresa. Kuwanda uku kunopfupisa arteries yako, kuderedza kuyerera kweropa kumwoyo wako. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurwadziwa pabvudzi, kushaya mweya kana kunyange kurwadziwa kwemwoyo. CAD kazhinji inotora nguva yakareba kuti iite. Saka kazhinji, varwere havazivi kuti vane iyo kusvika paine dambudziko. Asi kune nzira dzekuita kuti usawane chirwere chekoronari artery, uye nzira dzekuziva kana uri panjodzi uye nzira dzekuchirapa.

Kuongorora CAD kunotanga nekukurukura nachiremba wako. Vachazokwanisa kutarisa nhoroondo yako yehutano, kuita bvunzo yemuviri uye kuraira basa reruoko reropa. Zvichienderana neizvozvo, vangakurudzira bvunzo imwe kana kupfuura inotevera: electrocardiogram kana ECG, echocardiogram kana bvunzo yesoundwave yemwoyo, bvunzo yekumanikidza, cardiac catheterization ne angiogram, kana cardiac CT scan.

Kurapa chirwere chekoronari artery kazhinji kunoreva kuita shanduko muhupenyu hwako. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri kudya zvokudya zvine hutano, kurovedza muviri nguva dzose, kurasikirwa nehuremu hwakawandisa, kuderedza kushushikana kana kurega kusvuta. Mashoko akanaka ndeayo shanduko idzi dzinogona kuita zvakawanda kuti dzibudirire. Kurarama hupenyu hune hutano kunoshandurwa kuva ne arteries ine hutano. Kana zvichidiwa, kurapa kunogona kusanganisira mishonga senge aspirin, mishonga inochinja cholesterol, beta-blockers, kana mamwe maitiro ezvekurapa senge angioplasty kana coronary artery bypass surgery.

Mwoyo unogona kurova nekukurumidza, zvishoma kana zvisina kururama. Zviratidzo zve arrhythmia yemwoyo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa pabvudzi kana kusagadzikana.
• Kuwedzera.
• Kuora kana kupera pedyo nekuora.
• Kuchema mumoyo.
• Kuwedzera musoro.
• Kurova kwemwoyo kwakakurumidza.
• Kushaya mweya.
• Kurova kwemwoyo kwakaderera.

Kukanganisika kwemwoyo kunoberekwa kuchirwere chemwoyo chinoonekwa pakuumbwa. Kukanganisika kwakakomba kwemwoyo kunowanzoonekwa nekukurumidza mushure mekuberekwa. Zviratidzo zvekushaya simba kwemwoyo muvana zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Ganda rebhuruu kana grey. Zvichienderana neruvara rweganda, shanduko idzi dzinogona kuve nyore kana kuoma kuona.
• Kuwedzera mumakumbo, mudumbu kana nzvimbo dziri pedyo nemaziso.
• Mwana, kushaya mweya panguva yekudyisa, zvichikonzera kushaya uremu.

Mamwe makanganiso emwoyo anogona kusawanikwa kusvika gare gare muhudiki kana panguva yehudiki. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kushaya mweya kwakanyanya panguva yekurovedza muviri kana basa.
• Kuneta nyore panguva yekurovedza muviri kana basa.
• Kuwedzera kwemaoko, makwati kana tsoka.

Pakutanga, cardiomyopathy inogona kusakonzera zviratidzo zvinoonekwa. Sezvo mamiriro acho achiwedzera, zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kuwedzera, kuwedzera musoro uye kuora.
• Kuneta.
• Kunzwa kushaya mweya panguva yebasa kana pakuzorora.
• Kunzwa kushaya mweya usiku pakuita kuedza kurara, kana kumuka uchishaya mweya.
• Kurova kwemwoyo kwakakurumidza, kunorova kana kuchema.
• Makumbo akapfava, makwati kana tsoka.

Mwoyo une ma valves mana. Ma valves anovhurwa nekuvhara kufambisa ropa kuburikidza nemwoyo. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukuvadza ma valves emwoyo. Kana valve yemwoyo yakapfupika, inonzi stenosis. Kana valve yemwoyo ikabvumira ropa kuti riyerere shure, inonzi regurgitation.

Zviratidzo zvechirwere chevalve yemwoyo zvinoenderana nevalve isina kushanda zvakanaka. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa pabvudzi.
• Kuora kana kupera pedyo nekuora.
• Kuneta.
• Kurova kwemwoyo kwakasiyana.
• Kushaya mweya.
• Tsoka kana makwati akapfava.

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza kana uine zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo izvi:

• Kurwadziwa kwepfupa.
• Kushaya mweya.
• Kuenda. Fonera nguva dzose nhamba yekukurumidza 911 kana nhamba yekukurumidza munzvimbo mauri kana uchifunga kuti ungave uchikura chirwere chemwoyo. Kana uchifunga kuti ungave uine zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo, ita musangano wekutarisa utano hwako. Chirwere chemwoyo chinorapika nyore kana chawanikwa pakutanga.

Zvinokonzera zvirwere zvemoyo zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechirwere chemoyo. Kune marudzi akawanda akasiyana ezvirwere zvemoyo.

Moyo unowanzoita une makamuri maviri epamusoro ne maviri epasi. Makamuri epamusoro, ari kurudyi nekuruboshwe atria, anogamuchira ropa rinouya. Makamuri epasi, ari kurudyi nekuruboshwe ventricles ane tsandanyama yakawanda, anobuditsa ropa kubva mumoto. Mavharuvhu emoyo ndiwo magate ari pamuromo wekamuri. Anoramba ropa richinaya munzira kwayo.

Kunzwisisa zvinokonzera zvirwere zvemoyo, zvinogona kubatsira kunzwisisa kuti moyo unoshanda sei.

• Moyo une makamuri mana. Makamuri maviri epamusoro anonzi atria. Makamuri maviri epasi anonzi ventricles.
• Ruoko rwerudyi rwemoyo runofambisa ropa kumapfupa kuburikidza nemidziyo yeropa inonzi pulmonary arteries.
• Mumapfupa, ropa rinowana oksijeni. Ropa rakazara neoksijeni rinoenda kuruboshwe rwemoyo kuburikidza ne pulmonary veins.
• Ruoko rweruboshwe rwemoyo runobva rabuditsa ropa kuburikidza ne artery huru yemuviri, inonzi aorta. Ropa rinobva raenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Mavharuvhu mana mumoto anoramba ropa richinaya munzira kwayo. Aya mavharuvhu nde aya:

• Aortic valve.
• Mitral valve.
• Pulmonary valve.
• Tricuspid valve.

Mukuvharuvhu wega wega une mapepa, anonzi leaflets kana cusps. Mapepa anovhurwa nekuvharwa kamwe chete panguva yega yega yekurova kwemoyo. Kana pepa remuvharuvhu risina kuvhurwa kana kuvhara zvakanaka, ropa shoma rinobuda mumoto kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Sisitimu yemagetsi yemoyo inoramba moyo uchikanda. Zviratidzo zvemagetsi zvemoyo zvinotanga mune boka resero riri pamusoro pemoyo rinonzi sinus node. Zvinopfuura kuburikidza nenhanho iri pakati pemakamuri epamusoro neepasi emoyo inonzi atrioventricular (AV) node. Kufamba kwezviratidzo kunokonzera kuti moyo udzvinye uye ubvise ropa.

Kana paine cholesterol yakawanda muropa, cholesterol nedzimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuumba zvinhu zvinonzi plaque. Plaque inogona kukonzera kuti artery iome kana kuvhara. Kana plaque ikaputsika, ropa rinogona kuumbwa. Plaque nemaropa anogona kuderedza kuyerera kweropa kuburikidza ne artery.

Kuunganidzwa kwemafuta mumatunhu, kunonzi atherosclerosis, ndicho chikonzero chakajairika chechirwere che coronary artery. Zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi zvinosanganisira kudya kwakaipa, kushaya kurovedza muviri, kuzara, uye kusvuta. Sarudzo dzehupenyu hune hutano dzinogona kubatsira kuderedza njodzi yeatherosclerosis.

Zvinokonzera zvakajairika zve arrhythmias kana mamiriro anogona kukonzera iwo anosanganisira:

• Chirwere chetsandanyama yemoyo, chinonzi cardiomyopathy.
• Coronary artery disease.
• Chidhakwa.
• Zvinodhaka zvisiri pamutemo senge cocaine.
• Kufunganya kwepfungwa.
• Doro rakawanda kana caffeine.
• Zvirwere zvemoyo zviripo kubva pakuzvarwa, zvinonzi congenital heart defects.
• Kusvuta.
• Chirwere chemaharuvhu emoyo.
• Mimwe mishonga, zvinomera nezvinowedzerwa.

Congenital heart defect inoitika apo mwana ari kukura mudumbu. Vashandi vehutano havazivi chaizvo zvinokonzera zvikanganiso zvakawanda zvemoyo zvekuzvarwa. Asi kuchinja kwemajini, mimwe mamiriro ezvechiremba, mimwe mishonga, uye zvinhu zvakatipoteredza kana zvehupenyu zvinogona kutamba basa.

Chikonzero che cardiomyopathy chinoenderana nerudzi. Kune marudzi matatu:

• Dilated cardiomyopathy. Iri ndiro rudzi rwakajairika rwe cardiomyopathy. Chikonzero kazhinji hachizivikanwi. Inogona kupfuudzwa kuburikidza nemhuri, zvinoreva kuti inogara ichipfuudzwa.
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Rudzi urwu runowanzo kupfuudzwa kuburikidza nemhuri.
• Restrictive cardiomyopathy. Rudzi urwu rwe cardiomyopathy runogona kuitika pasina chikonzero chinozivikanwa. Dzimwe nguva kuunganidzwa kwe protein inonzi amyloid kunokonzera. Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinosanganisira connective tissue disorders.

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukonzera kuvharwa kana chirwere chemuvharuvhu wemoyo. Vamwe vanhu vanozvarwa nechirwere chemuvharuvhu wemoyo. Kana izvi zvikaitika, zvinonzi congenital heart valve disease.

Zvimwe zvinokonzera chirwere chemuvharuvhu wemoyo zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Rheumatic fever.
• Kuwanda kwehutachiona mu lining yemaharuvhu emoyo, kunonzi infectious endocarditis.
• Connective tissue disorders.

Zvinokonzera njodzi yekurwara kwemoyo zvinosanganisira: Zera. Kukura kwazera kunowedzera njodzi yemitsuwa yakakuvara uye yakamanikana uye tsandanyama yemoyo yakasimba kana yakakura. 

Pavarume nevakadzi panguva yokuberekwa. Varume kazhinji vane njodzi yakakura yekurwara kwemoyo. Njodzi muvakadzi inowedzera mushure memenopause.

Nhoroondo yemhuri. Nhoroondo yemhuri yekurwara kwemoyo inowedzera njodzi ye coronary artery disease, kunyanya kana mubereki akaiwana ari mudiki. Izvo zvinoreva usati wazara makore 55 kumurume, senge munun'una kana baba vako, uye makore 65 kumukadzi, senge amai vako kana hanzvadzi.

Kusvuta. Kana uchisvuta, rega. Zvinhu zviri mukutsvuta zvinokuvadza mitsipa. Kurwara kwemoyo kunowanzoitika kune vanhu vanosvuta kupfuura kune vanhu vasina kusvuta. Taura nachiremba kana uchida rubatsiro rwekusiya.

Kudya kusingaiti. Kudya kwakakwirira mafuta, munyu, shuga uye cholesterol kwakabatana nekurwara kwemoyo.

Kuderera kweropa. Kuderera kweropa kusingadzoreki kunogona kuita kuti mitsipa ive yakaoma uye yakakura. Izvi shanduko dzinoshora kuyerera kweropa kumoyo nemuviri.

Cholesterol yakakwirira. Kuve ne cholesterol yakakwirira kunowedzera njodzi yeatherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis yakabatana nekurwara kwemoyo ne stroke.

Chirwere cheshuga. Chirwere cheshuga chinowedzera njodzi yekurwara kwemoyo. Kuonda uye kuderera kweropa kunowedzera njodzi yechirwere cheshuga nekurwara kwemoyo.

Kuonda. Kurema kwakawandisa kazhinji kunowedzera zvimwe zvinokonzera njodzi yekurwara kwemoyo.

Kushaya kurovedza muviri. Kusava nechinhu chinobatanidzwa nemarudzi mazhinji ekurwara kwemoyo nemamwe emikana yayo.

Kumanikidzwa. Kumanikidzwa kwepfungwa kunogona kukuvadza mitsipa uye kuita kuti zvimwe zvinokonzera njodzi yekurwara kwemoyo zvive zvakanyanya.

Hutano husina kunaka hwemeno. Kuve nemazino nemaronda asina hutano kunoita kuti zvive nyore kuti hutachiona huve muropa uye huende kumoyo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera chirwere chinonzi endocarditis. Geza mazino ako uye shandisa floss kazhinji. Torawo kuongororwa kwemeno nguva nenguva.

Zvinogona kukonzerwa nezvirwere zvemoyo ndezvi:

• Kukundikana kwemoyo. Iri ndiro rimwe remakomborero akajairika ezvirwere zvemoyo. Moyo haukwanisi kuburitsa ropa rakakwana kuti usangane nezvinodiwa nemuviri.
• Kurohwa kwemoyo. Kurohwa kwemoyo kunogona kuitika kana chidimbu cheplaque iri mumutsinga weropa kana ropa rakaoma richifamba kuenda kumoto.
• Kurohwa kwepfungwa. Zvinokonzera njodzi zvinotungamira kune chirwere chemoyo zvinogona kutungamirawo pakurohwa kwepfungwa kwe ischemic. Rudzi urwu rwekurova kwepfungwa kunoitika kana mitsinga yeropa kuenda kuuropi yakamanikwa kana yakavharwa. Ropa shoma rinopinda muuropi.
• Aneurysm. Aneurysm ibvudzi riri mudenga remutsinga weropa. Kana aneurysm ikaputika, unogona kuva neropa rinotyisa mukati.
• Chirwere chemutsinga weropa we peripheral. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, maoko kana makumbo — kazhinji makumbo — haawani ropa rakakwana. Izvi zvinoita kuti pave nezviratidzo, kunyanya kurwadziwa kwemukumbo pakuenda, kunonzi claudication. Atherosclerosis inogona kutungamira kune chirwere chemutsinga weropa we peripheral.
• Kufa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe. Kufa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe ndiko kurasikirwa kamwe kamwe kwebasa remoyo, kufema uye kuziva. Kazhinji kunokonzerwa nematambudziko ane system yemoyo. Kufa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe inyaya yekukurumidzira yekurapa. Kana ikasabatwa nekukurumidza, inotungamira pakufa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe.

Kushanduka kwemafambisirwo ehupenyu kwakafanana kunoita kuti zvirwere zvemoyo zvidzore, kunogonawo kubatsira kudzivirira. Edza mazano aya ane hutano hwemoyo:

• Usaputa.
• Dyisa kudya kushoma munyu mafuta akawandisa.
• Ita zvemitambo kwemaminitsi anenge 30 pazuva mazuva mazhinji evhiki.
• Chengetedza uremu hwakanaka.
• Dzora uye udzore kushushikana.
• Rorora zvakanaka. Vakuru vanofanira kuenzanisa maawa 7 kusvika ku9 zuva nezuva.

Kuongorora chirwere chemwoyo, nyanzvi yehutano inokutarisa uye inoteerera mwoyo wako. Kazhinji unokumbirwa mibvunzo nezve zviratidzo zvako uye nhoroondo yako yemhuri nehutano hwako.

Kuongororwa kwakasiyana-siyana kunoshandiswa kuongorora chirwere chemwoyo.

• Kuongororwa kweropa. Mapuroteni emwoyo anotevera anoyerera zvishoma nezvishoma muropa mushure mekukuvadzwa kwemwoyo kubva pakurwisa kwemwoyo. Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuitwa kuti uone mapuroteni aya. Kuongororwa kweC-reactive protein (CRP) kwakakwirira-kunzwisisa kunotarisa puroteni inobatanidzwa nekuzvimba kwema artery. Kuongororwa kwakasiyana-siyana kweropa kunogona kuitwa kuti uone cholesterol uye huwandu hweshuga muropa.
• X-ray yechipfuva. X-ray yechipfuva inoratidza mamiriro emapapu. Inogona kuratidza kana mwoyo wakakura.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG kana EKG). ECG ndeyekuongorora nekukurumidza uye isina kurwadza kunyorera zviratidzo zvemagetsi mumwoyo. Inogona kutaura kana mwoyo uri kurova nekukurumidza kana zvishoma.
• Holter monitoring. Holter monitor ndiyo ECG yekutakura inopfekwa kwezuva rimwe kana kupfuura kuti inyore basa remwoyo panguva yemabasa ezuva nezuva. Kuongororwa uku kunogona kuona kurova kwemwoyo kwasingawanikwe panguva yekuongororwa kweECG yakajairwa.
• Echocardiogram. Kuongororwa uku kusina kukuvadza kunoshandisa mafungu esound kuti uite mifananidzo yakadzama yemwoyo iri kufamba. Inoratidza kuti ropa rinofamba sei nemwoyo nemavharuvhu emwoyo. Echocardiogram inogona kubatsira kuona kana vharuvhu yakamanikidzwa kana kubuda.
• Kuongororwa kwekurovedza muviri kana kuongororwa kwetsvina. Kuongororwa uku kazhinji kunosanganisira kufamba pane treadmill kana kukwira bhasikoro rakagara pasi apo mwoyo uri kuongororwa. Kuongororwa kwekurovedza muviri kunobatsira kuratidza kuti mwoyo unopindura sei kune zvemuviri uye kana zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo zvichiitika panguva yekurovedza muviri. Kana usingakwanisi kurovedza muviri, unogona kupiwa mushonga unokanganisa mwoyo sezvinoita kurovedza muviri.
• Cardiac catheterization. Kuongororwa uku kunogona kuratidza matambudziko muma artery emwoyo. Tube refu, yakasimba, inotsvedza inonzi catheter inoiswa mumudziyo weropa, kazhinji muhudyu kana ruoko, uye inotungamirwa kumwoyo. Dye inoyerera kuburikidza ne catheter kuenda kuma artery mumwoyo. Dye inobatsira ma artery kuratidzika zvakajeka pane mifananidzo ye-X-ray inotorwa panguva yekuongororwa.
• Heart CT scan, inonziwo cardiac CT scan. Mu cardiac CT scan, unovata patafura mukati mechishandiso chakaita sedonati. Tube ye-X-ray iri mukati mechishandiso inotenderera mutumbi wako uye inounganidza mifananidzo yemwoyo wako nechipfuva.
• Heart magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Cardiac MRI inoshandisa magnetic field uye mafungu eradio akagadzirwa nekombiyuta kuti uite mifananidzo yakadzama yemwoyo.

Kurapa chirwere chemwoyo kunoenderana nechinokonzeresa uye rudzi rwekuvadza kwemwoyo. Kurapa chirwere chemwoyo kunogona kusanganisira:

• Kushandura mararamiro sekudya kudya kusina munyu wakawanda nemafuta akawandisa, kuita zvemitambo zvakawanda, uye kusafuta.
• Mishonga.
• Maitiro emwoyo.
• Kuopereta kwemwoyo.

Unogona kuda mishonga yekudzora zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo uye kudzivirira matambudziko. Rudzi rwemushonga unoshandiswa kunoenderana nerudzi rwechirwere chemwoyo.

Vamwe vanhu vane chirwere chemwoyo vanogona kuda maitiro emwoyo kana kuopereta. Rudzi rwekurapa kunoenderana nerudzi rwechirwere chemwoyo uye kuti kukuvara kwakawanda sei kwakaitika pamwoyo.

'Heano mamwe maitiro ekubatsira kudzora chirwere chemwoyo uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwakanaka: Kudzoreredzwa kwemwoyo. Iyi purogiramu yakagadzirirwa munhu wega wega yekudzidzisa nekuita zvemuviri. Inosanganisira kudzidziswa kwemuviri, rutsigiro rwepfungwa uye dzidzo nezve mararamiro ane hutano hwemwoyo. Purogiramu inotarisirwa kazhinji inokurudzirwa mushure mekurwisa kwemwoyo kana kuvhiya kwemwoyo. Mapihwa ekutsigira. Kubatana neshamwari nemhuri kana kubatana nechikwata chekutsigira inzira yakanaka yekuderedza kushushikana. Ungawana kuti kutaura nezvezvinokunetsa nevamwe vari munzvimbo dzakafanana kunogona kubatsira. Tora bvunzo dzehutano nguva dzose. Kuona nyanzvi yako yehutano nguva dzose kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti uri kudzora chirwere chemwoyo zvakanaka.'