Bp Yakakwira (Hypertension)

Dzidza zvakawanda nezve hypertension kubva kuna nephrologist Leslie Thomas, M.D.

Vanhu vakawanda vane BP yakakwira havaone zviratidzo, kunyangwe kana kuverenga kweBP kuchisvika pamwero unotyisa. Unogona kuva neBP yakakwira kwemakore mazhinji pasina zviratidzo.

Vanhu vashoma vane BP yakakwira vangave ne:

• Kurwadziwa kwemusoro
• Kushaya mweya
• Kuyerera kweropa mumhuno

Zvisinei, zviratidzo izvi hazvina kunanga. Kazhinji hazviitiki kusvika BP yakakwira yasvika padanho rakakomba kana rinotyisa upenyu.

Kuongororwa kweropa ndicho chikamu chinokosha chehutano hwese. Kazhinji kwaungaifanira kuongororwa ropa rako kunoenderana nemakore ako nehutano hwako hwese.

Bvunza mutariri wako kuti aongorore ropa rako kanenge kamwe chete pagore rimwe nerimwe kubva pamakore gumi nemasere. Kana uine makore makumi mana kana kupfuura, kana uine makore gumi nemasere kusvika ku makore makumi matatu nemapfumbamwe uine njodzi yakakwirira yeropa rakakwirira, bvunza kuti uongororwe ropa rako gore rega rega.

Mutariri wako wehutano angakurudzira kuongororwa kazhinji kana uine ropa rakakwirira kana zvimwe zvinokonzera chirwere chemwoyo.

Vana vane makore matatu nekupfuura vanogona kuongororwa ropa ravo sechikamu chekuongororwa kwavo pagore rega rega.

Kana iwe usingaoni kazhinji mutariri wehutano, unogona kuwana kuongororwa kweropa mahara pane zviitiko zvehutano kana mamwe ma nzvimbo munharaunda yako. Michina yekuyera ropa mahara inowanikwawo muma chitoro nemafurama. Kunyatsoshanda kwemichina iyi kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei, sekukodzera kwesize yebhandi uye kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwemichina. Bvunza mutariri wako wehutano kuti akuraire pakushandisa michina yekuyera ropa yeruzhinji.

Kumanikidza kwe ropa kunotsanangurwa nezvinhu zviviri: huwandu hweropa huno pomba nemwoyo uye kuoma kwacho kuti ropa rifambe nemarunda. Ropa rakawanda rakapombwa nemwoyo uye marunda akaomarara, kumanikidza kwe ropa kunokwira. Kune marudzi maviri makuru ekumanikidza kwe ropa kukuru.

KBP yakakwira ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokonzera njodzi, kusanganisira:

• Age. Njodzi yekBP yakakwira inowedzera nemakore. Kusvika angangoita makore 64, KBP yakakwira inowanzowanikwa muvarume. Vakadzi vanowanzova neBP yakakwira mushure memakore 65.
• Rudzi. KBP yakakwira inowanzowanikwa pakati pevanhu vatema. Inoumbwa mumakore ekutanga muvanhu vatema kupfuura muvanhu vachena.
• Nhoroondo yemhuri. Une mukana mukuru wekuwana KBP yakakwira kana uine mubereki kana munun'una ane chirwere ichi.
• Kutadza uremu kana kuva nehuremu hwakawandisa. Kurema kwakawandisa kunokonzera shanduko mudziya ropa, itsvo nezvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri. Shanduko idzi kazhinji dzinowedzera BP. Kuva nehuremu hwakawandisa kana kuva nehuwandu hwakawandisa hwemafuta mumuviri zvinowedzerawo njodzi yechirwere chemwoyo nezvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi, senge cholesterol yakakwira.
• Kushaya kurovedza muviri. Kusaita kurovedza muviri kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwehuremu. Kuwedzera kwehuremu kunowedzera njodzi yeBP yakakwira. Vanhu vasina basa vanowanzova nemitengo yemoyo yakakwira.
• Kushandisa fodya kana vaping. Kusvuta, kucheka fodya kana vaping kunowedzera BP nekukurumidza kwenguva pfupi. Kusvuta fodya kunokuvadza madziro eropa uye kunokurumidza kuoma kwemidziya yeropa. Kana ukasvuta, bvunza mutariri wako wehutano kuti akubatsire kusiya.
• Munyu wakawandisa. Munyu wakawanda — unonziwo sodium — mumuviri unogona kukonzera kuti muviri uchengetedze mvura. Izvi zvinowedzera BP.
• Mamazinga e potassium ari pasi. Potassium inobatsira kubatanidza huwandu hwemunyu mumasero emuviri. Kuenzana kwakakodzera kwe potassium kunokosha pakutarisira hutano hwemoyo. Mamazinga e potassium ari pasi anogona kukonzerwa nekushaya potassium mune zvekudya kana mamiriro ezvehutano, kusanganisira kupera kwemvura mumuviri.
• Kunwa doro rakawanda. Kushandisa doro kwakabatana neBP yakakwira, kunyanya muvarume.
• Kunetseka. Mamazinga ekunyepa kwakakwira anogona kukonzera kuwedzera kweBP kwenguva pfupi. Zviito zvine chekuita nekunetseka senge kudya zvakawanda, kushandisa fodya kana kunwa doro zvinogona kukonzera kuwedzera kweBP.
• Mamiriro ezvehutano asingaperi. Chirwere cheitsvo, chirwere cheshuga uye sleep apnea imimwe yemimwe mamiriro anogona kukonzera BP yakakwira.
• Pamimba. Dzimwe nguva pamimba inokonzera BP yakakwira.

KBP yakakwira inowanzowanikwa muvakuru. Asi vana vanogona kuva neBP yakakwirawo. KBP yakakwira muvana inogona kukonzerwa nematambudziko neitsvo kana mwoyo. Asi kune nhamba yakawanda ye vana, KBP yakakwira inokonzerwa ne tsika dzehupenyu senge kudya kwakaipa uye kushaya kurovedza muviri.

Kumanikidza kwakanyanya pamadziro eropa kunokonzerwa nekukwira kweropa kunogona kukuvadza ropa uye nhengo dzemuviri. Kukurukurira kwepfupi ropa uye nguva yakareba isina kudzorwa, kukuvadzwa kukuru.

Kukurukurira kwepfupi ropa kunogona kutungamira pakukanganisa kusanganisira:

• Kurohwa kwemoyo kana kurohwa neropa. Kuomarara uye kuwanda kwemitsinga nekuda kwekukwira kweropa kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kutungamira pakurohwa kwemoyo, kurohwa neropa kana zvimwe zvinokanganisa.
• Aneurysm. Kukurukurira kwepfupi ropa kunogona kukonzera kuti ropa rive rakasimba uye rikabuda, richigadzira aneurysm. Kana aneurysm ikaputsika, inogona kutyisidzira hupenyu.
• Kukundikana kwemoyo. Kana uine kukwira kweropa, moyo unofanirwa kushanda nesimba kuti upompe ropa. Kumanikidza kunokonzeresa kuti madziro eimba yekupomba yemoyo aome. Iyi mamiriro anonzi left ventricular hypertrophy. Pakupedzisira, moyo haugone kupomba ropa rakakwana kuti usangane nezvinodiwa nemuviri, zvichikonzera kukundikana kwemoyo.
• Matambudziko etsinga. Kukurukurira kwepfupi ropa kunogona kukonzera kuti ropa mumitsinga yeitsinga rive rakamanikana kana rakasimba. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira pakukuvadzwa kwetsinga.
• Matambudziko emaziso. Kukurukurira kwepfupi ropa kunogona kukonzera kuti ropa rive rakaonda, rakamonana kana rakaputsika mumaziso. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa nekuona.
• Metabolic syndrome. Iyi syndrome boka rematambudziko ekushanda kwemuviri. Inosanganisira kuputsika kwakashata shuga, inonziwo glucose. Iyi syndrome inosanganisira kuwedzera kukura kwechikomba, triglycerides yakakwira, kudzikira kwehigh-density lipoprotein (HDL kana "yakanaka") cholesterol, kukwira kweropa uye shuga yakakwira yeropa. Aya mamiriro anoita kuti uve nechokwadi chekuvandudza chirwere cheshuga, chirwere chemwoyo uye kurohwa neropa.
• Kushanduka nekufunga kana kunzwisisa. Kukurukurira kwepfupi ropa kunogona kukanganisa kugona kufunga, kurangarira nekudzidza.
• Dementia. Mitsinga yakamanikana kana yakavharwa inogona kuderedza ropa kuenda kuuropi. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera rudzi rwe dementia rinonzi vascular dementia. Kurohwa neropa kunovhara ropa kuenda kuuropi kunogona zvakare kukonzera vascular dementia.

'Mhoro. Ndiri Dr. Leslie Thomas, chiremba weitsvo kuMayo Clinic. Uye ndiri pano kupindura mimwe mibvunzo inokosha yaunogona kuva nayo pamusoro peBP yakakwirira.\n\nNzira iri nani yekuyera BP yako pamba?\n\nKuyera BP yako pamba inzira yakapfava. Vanhu vazhinji vane BP yakakwirira zvishoma paruoko rumwe pane rumwe. Saka zvakakosha kuyera BP mumaoko ane kuverenga kwakakwirira. Zviri nani kudzivisa caffeine, kurovedza muviri uye, kana iwe uchifuma, kusvuta kwemaminitsi anenge makumi matatu. Kugadzirira kuyera, unofanira kusununguka nemakumbo ako pasi uye makumbo asina kuvhara, uye musana wako wakabatwa kwemaminitsi mashanu. Maoko ako anofanira kutsigirwa pamusoro wakati sandara. Mushure mekuzorora kwemaminitsi mashanu, kuverenga kwakawanda kunotorwa maminetsi rimwe nerimwe mangwanani usati watora mishonga uye manheru usati wadya kudya kwemanheru. Monitor yako yeBP inofanira kutarisirwa kuti yakarurama gore rega rega.\n\nChii chinogona kukonzera BP yangu kuti ive yakashata?\n\nMuenzaniso uyu wekuchinja kwakapfupi kweBP kubva kune yakajairwa kusvika kune yakakwirira dzimwe nguva inonzi BP inoshanduka-shanduka. Kune avo vanowana BP inoshanduka-shanduka, matambudziko emoyo, matambudziko ehormone, matambudziko eneurological, kana kunyange mamiriro ezvinhu epfungwa angave aripo. Kuwana nekurapa chikonzero cheBP inoshanduka-shanduka kunogona kuvandudza mamiriro acho zvakanyanya.\n\nNdinofanira kudzora munyu kuti ndidzikise BP yangu here?\n\nZvakakosha kucherechedza kuti vamwe vanhu vane BP yakakwirira vanotodya kudya kwakaderedzwa zvakanyanya munyu. Uye avo vanhu kudzora kunyu kunowedzera hakufanirwe kubatsira kana kunyange kukurudzirwa. Muvanhu vazhinji, kudya kunyu kunopinda kwakakwirira. Naizvozvo, chinangwa chinobatsira kufunga nezveavo vanhu ndechekushoma pane magiramu mazana gumi nemashanu pazuva. Vazhinji zvakadaro, vachawana kubatsirwa nechinangwa chekushoma pane magiramu zviuru zana pazuva. Kutevera kudzora kunyu, zvinogona kutora nguva, kunyange mavhiki, kuti BP ivandudze uye irambe yakadzikira. Saka zvakakosha zvikuru kuva akasimba nekuderedza kunyu uye kushivirira pakuyera kuvandudzika.\n\nNdingadzikisa sei BP yangu pasina mishonga?\n\nUyu mubvunzo wakajairika kwazvo. Vanhu vazhinji vanoda kudzivisa mishonga kana vangagona, kana vachiedza kudzikisa BP yavo. Nzira shoma dzakaratidzwa nesainzi kudzikisa BP. Yekutanga, uye zvichida inokosha kwazvo, ndeyekuramba uchiita zvemuviri. Kurasikirwa nehuremu kunogona zvakare kuva kwakakosha kuvanhu vakasiyana-siyana. Kuganhurira doro, kuderedza kunyu, uye kuwedzera kudya potassium kunogona kubatsira zvose.\n\nChii chinonyanya kushanda mushonga weBP yakakwirira?\n\nHakuna mushonga mumwe chete unonyanya kushanda pakurapa BP yakakwirira kune munhu wese. Nekuti mamiriro ezvehutano enhoroondo neazvino emumwe munhu anofanira kufungwa. Uyezve, munhu wese ane physiology yakasiyana. Kuongorora kuti simba re physiology rinogona kuvapo sei kuti riitewo BP yakakwirira mumunhu kunobvumira nzira yakarongeka yekusarudza mushonga. Mishonga yeBP yakakwirira inogrupwa nekirasi. Kirasi imwe neimwe yemishonga inosiyana nemamwe makirasi nekuti inodzikisa BP sei. Semuenzaniso, diuretics, pasinei nemarudzi, inoshanda kudzikisa zvirimo zvese zvemumiriri wemunyu nemvura. Izvi zvinoita kuti kuderedzwa kwe plasma volume muma arteries uye nekudaro BP yakaderera. Calcium channel blockers inoderedza kuoma kwema arteries. Kuderedzwa uku kwevasoconstriction kunokurudzirawo BP yakaderera. Mamwe makirasi emishonga yeBP yakakwirira anoshanda munzira dzavo. Kuongorora mamiriro ako ehutano, physiology, uye mashandiro emushonga mumwe nemumwe, chiremba wako anogona kukupa mazano emushonga wakachengeteka uye unonyanya kushanda kwauri.\n\nMishonga yeBP yakakwirira inokuvadza itsvo dzangu here?\n\nKutevera kugadziriswa kweBP kana kuiswa kwemishonga yeBP, zvakajairika kuona kuchinja mumamakisi ekushanda kwetsvo pane bvunzo yeropa. Nekudaro, kuchinja duku mumamakisi aya, izvo zvinoratidza kuchinja duku mukuita kwekuchunga kwetsvo hazvifanirwe kududzirwa sechibvumirano chakakwana chekukuvadzwa kwetsvo. Chiremba wako anogona kududzira kuchinja mu bvunzo dze laboratori mushure mekuchinja chero mushonga.\n\nNdingava sei shamwari yakanaka kune timu yangu yezvokurapa?\n\nChengeta hurukuro yakavhurika nechikwata chako chekurapa nezvinangwa zvako uye zvaunofarira. Kutaurirana, kuvimbana uye kubatana ndizvo zvinokosha pakubudirira kwenguva refu kudzora BP yako. Usambofa wakarega kubvunza timu yako yekurapa chero mibvunzo kana zvinokunetsa zvaunazvo. Kuva neruzivo kunoita musiyano wese. Tinokutendai nekanguva kwenyu uye tinokushuvira zvakanaka.\n\nKuti uongorore BP yakakwirira, mupi wehutano hwako anokutarisa uye anokubvunza mibvunzo nezve nhoroondo yako yezvehutano uye chero zviratidzo. Mupi wako anoteerera moyo wako uchishandisa chishandiso chinonzi stethoscope.\n\nBP yako inotarwa uchishandisa cuff, kazhinji inochengetwa paruoko rwako. Zvakakosha kuti cuff ifanirane. Kana iri hombe kana diki zvakanyanya, kuverenga kweBP kunogona kusiyana. Cuff inoputirwa uchishandisa pombi diki yekutsvaira kana muchina.\n\nKuverenga kweBP kunoyera kumanikidza muma arteries kana moyo uchikomba ( nhamba yepamusoro, inonzi systolic pressure) uye pakati pekuomba kwemoyo ( nhamba yepasi, inonzi diastolic pressure). Kuyera BP, cuff inoputika kazhinji inochengetwa paruoko. Muchina kana pombi diki yekutsvaira inoshandiswa kuputira cuff. Mumuenzaniso uyu, muchina unorekodha kuverenga kweBP. Izvi zvinonzi automated blood pressure measurement.\n\nNguva yekutanga BP yako ichiongororwa, inofanira kuyera mumaoko ese kuti uone kana paine musiyano. Mushure maizvozvo, ruoko rine kuverenga kwakakwirira runofanira kushandiswa.\n\nBP inoyera mu millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). Kuverenga kweBP kune nhamba mbiri.\n\nBP yakakwirira (hypertension) inoziviswa kana kuverenga kweBP kuri kwakaenzana kana kukuru kupfuura 130/80 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). Kuongororwa kweBP yakakwirira kazhinji kunobva pane avhareji yekuverenga maviri kana kupfuura kwakatorwa pane zviitiko zvakasiyana.\n\nBP inogrupwa zvichienderana nekuti yakakwirira sei. Izvi zvinonzi staging. Staging inobatsira kutungamira kurapwa.\n\nDzimwe nguva kuverenga kweBP yepasi kuri kwakajairwa (kushoma pane 80 mm Hg) asi nhamba yepamusoro yakakwirira. Izvi zvinonzi isolated systolic hypertension. Iyo rudzi rwakajairika rweBP yakakwirira muvanhu vakuru kupfuura 65.\n\nKana iwe wakaziviswa kuti une BP yakakwirira, mupi wako anogona kukurudzira bvunzo kuti uone chikonzero.\n\nMupi wehutano hwako anogona kukukumbira kuti uongorore BP yako pamba nguva dzose. Kuongorora kumba inzira yakanaka yekuchengeta BP yako. Inobatsira vaparidzi vekutarisira kwako kuziva kana mushonga wako uri kushanda kana mamiriro ako ari kuipa.\n\nMonitors dzeBP dzekumba dziripo muzvitoro zvemuno nemafurama.\n\nKuti uwane kuyera kweBP kwakavimbika kwazvo, American Heart Association inokurudzira kushandisa monitor ine cuff inopoteredza ruoko rwako rwakakwirira, kana iripo.\n\nMidziyo inoyera BP yako paruoko rwako kana chigunwe haikurudzirwi neAmerican Heart Association nekuti inogona kupa mhinduro dzisingavimbiki.\n\n* Nhamba yepamusoro, inonzi systolic pressure. Yekutanga, kana yepamusoro, nhamba inoyera kumanikidza muma arteries kana moyo uchikomba.\n* Nhamba yepasi, inonzi diastolic pressure. Yechipiri, kana yepasi, nhamba inoyera kumanikidza muma arteries pakati pekuomba kwemoyo.\n\n* Stage 1 hypertension. Nhamba yepamusoro iri pakati pe130 ne139 mm Hg kana nhamba yepasi iri pakati pe80 ne89 mm Hg.\n* Stage 2 hypertension. Nhamba yepamusoro iri 140 mm Hg kana yakakwirira kana nhamba yepasi iri 90 mm Hg kana yakakwirira.\n\n* Ambulatory monitoring. Kuongorora kwenguva refu kweBP kunogona kuitwa kuti uongorore BP panguva dzakajairwa kwemaawa matanhatu kana makumi maviri nemana. Izvi zvinonzi ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Nekudaro, midziyo inoshandiswa bvunzo haisipo muzvipatara zvese. Tarisa neinsurer yako kuti uone kana ambulatory blood pressure monitoring iri sevhisi yakafukidzwa.\n* Bvunzo dze laboratori. Bvunzo yeropa neyeweti inoitwa kuti uone mamiriro anogona kukonzera kana kuwedzera BP yakakwirira. Semuenzaniso, bvunzo dzinotorwa kuti uongorore cholesterol uye shuga yeropa. Unogona zvakare kuva nebvunzo dze laboratori kuti uongorore basa reitsvo, chiropa uye thyroid.\n* Electrocardiogram (ECG kana EKG). Iyi bvunzo inokurumidza uye isina kurwadza inoyera basa remagetsi remoyo. Inogona kutaura kuti moyo uri kukomba nekukurumidza kana nekukasira sei. Panguva ye electrocardiogram (ECG), sensors inonzi electrodes inobatwa pachipfuva uye dzimwe nguva paruoko kana makumbo. Matambo anobatanidza sensors kune muchina, unodhinda kana kuratidza mhinduro.\n* Echocardiogram. Iyi bvunzo isina kuvhunduka inoshandisa mafungu esound kuita mifananidzo yakadzama yemoyo unokomba. Inoratidza kuti ropa rinofamba sei nemoyo nemahombekombe emoyo.'

Kuchinja mararamiro kunogona kubatsira kudzora nekutonga kuwedzera kweropa. Chiremba wenyu angakurudzira kuti muite shanduko dzemararamiro dzinosanganisira:

Dzimwe nguva shanduko dzemararamiro hadzina kukwana pakurapa kuwedzera kweropa. Kana dzisingabatsiri, chiremba wenyu angakurudzira mushonga wekudzikisa ropa renyu.

Rudzi rwemushonga unoshandiswa kurapa kuwedzera kweropa kunoenderana nehutano hwako hwese uye kuti ropa rako rakakwirira sei. Mishonga miviri kana kupfuura yeropa kazhinji inoshanda zvakanaka kupfuura imwe. Zvinogona kutora nguva kuti uwane mushonga kana musanganiswa wemishonga unoshanda zvakanaka kwauri.

Paunotora mushonga weropa, zvakakosha kuziva ropa rako rinofanira kusvika. Unofanira kuenzanisa chinangwa chekurapa ropa riri pasi pe 130/80 mm Hg kana:

Chinangwa chekuwedzera kweropa chinogona kuchinja zvichienderana nezera nehutano, kunyanya kana uine makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu nemashanu.

Mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa kuwedzera kweropa inosanganisira:

Mapiritsi emvura (diuretics). Mishonga iyi inobatsira kubvisa sodium nemvura mumuviri. Kazhinji ndiwo mishonga yekutanga inoshandiswa kurapa kuwedzera kweropa.

Kune makirasi akasiyana-siyana e diuretics, anosanganisira thiazide, loop uye potassium sparing. Iyo yako yekupa inokurudzira inoenderana nekuyerwa kweropa rako nemamwe mamiriro ehutano, akadai sedambudziko reitsvo kana kukundikana kwemoyo. Diuretics anoshandiswa kazhinji kurapa kuwedzera kweropa anosanganisira chlorthalidone, hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) nevamwe.

Mhedzisiro yakajairika ye diuretics kuwedzera kwekuenda kumusoro. Kuenda kumusoro kwakawanda kunogona kudzikisa mazinga e potassium. Kuenzana kwakanaka kwe potassium kunodiwa kubatsira moyo kurova zvakanaka. Kana uine potassium shoma (hypokalemia), chiremba wenyu angakurudzira potassium-sparing diuretic ine triamterene.

Calcium channel blockers. Mishonga iyi inobatsira kuzorodza tsandanyama dzemabhodhoro eropa. Vamwe vanodzikisa kumhanya kwemoyo wako. Inosanganisira amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac, vamwe) nevamwe. Calcium channel blockers inogona kushanda zvakanaka kune vanhu vakwegura nevanhu vatema kupfuura angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors ega.

Usadya kana kunwa zvigadzirwa zve grapefruit paunotora calcium channel blockers. Grapefruit inowedzera mazinga eropa e calcium channel blockers, izvo zvinogona kunge zvine ngozi. Taura nachiremba wako kana mushonga kana iwe uchinetseka nezvekuita.

Kana uri kunetseka kusvika pachinangwa chako cheropa nemisanganiswa yemishonga iri pamusoro, chiremba wako anganyora:

Beta blockers. Mishonga iyi inodzikisa basa pamoyo uye inowedzera mabhodhoro eropa. Izvi zvinobatsira moyo kurova zvishoma uye nesimba shoma. Beta blockers inosanganisira atenolol (Tenormin), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol-XL, Kapspargo sprinkle) nevamwe.

Beta blockers kazhinji haina kukurudzirwa semushonga chete unonyorwa. Inogona kushanda zvakanaka kana yakasanganiswa nemimwe mishonga yeropa.

Renin inhibitors. Aliskiren (Tekturna) inodzikisa kugadzirwa kwerenin, enzyme inogadzirwa neitsvo inotanga cheni yematanho emakemikari anowedzera ropa.

Nekuda kengozi yematambudziko akakomba, anosanganisira stroke, haufanire kutora aliskiren neACE inhibitors kana ARBs.

Garai muchitora mishonga yeropa sezvakanyorwa. Usambofa wakasiya dose kana kumira kamwe kamwe kutora mishonga yeropa. Kumira kamwe kamwe kwemimwe, senge beta blockers, kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera kukuru kweropa kunonzi rebound hypertension.

Kana ukasiiwa doses nekuda kwemutengo, mhedzisiro kana kukanganwa, taura nachiremba wako nezve mhinduro. Usachinje kurapwa kwako pasina kutungamirwa nachiremba wako.

Unogona kunge uine kuwedzera kweropa kunopesana kana:

Kuve nekuwedzera kweropa kunopesana hazvirevi kuti ropa rako harizombodi kudzikira. Kana iwe nemugove wako mungagona kuona chikonzero, chirongwa chekurapa chinonyanya kushanda chinogona kugadzirwa.

Kurapa kuwedzera kweropa kunopesana kunogona kusanganisira matanho mazhinji, anosanganisira:

Kana uine kuwedzera kweropa uye uri nepamuviri, kurukurai nevanachiremba venyu maitiro ekudzora ropa panguva yepamuviri wako.

Vatsvakurudzi vave vachidzidza kushandiswa kwekupisa kuparadza matende akakosha muitsvo anogona kutamba basa mukuwedzera kweropa kunopesana. Nzira iyi inonzi renal denervation. Kudzidza kwekutanga kwakaratidza rubatsiro rwakati. Asi kudzidza kwakasimba kwakawana kuti hakudizi kudzikisa ropa zvakanyanya muvanhu vane kuwedzera kweropa kunopesana. Kutsvakurudza kuri kuenderera mberi kuona kuti basa ripi, kana riripo, kurapa uku kunogona kuve naro mukurapa kuwedzera kweropa.

• Kudya kudya kunodzivirira moyo kune munyu ushoma

• Kuwana basa remakore

• Kuchengetedza uremu hwakakodzera kana kurasikirwa nehuremu

• Kuganhurira doro

• Kusafuta

• Kuwana maawa 7 kusvika ku9 ekurara zuva nezuva

• Uri munhu mukuru ane hutano ane makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu kana kupfuura

• Uri munhu mukuru ane hutano ane makore asina kusvika makumi matanhatu nemashanu ane njodzi ye10% kana kupfuura yekuvandudza chirwere che cardiovascular mumakore gumi anotevera

• Une chirwere cheitsvo, chirwere cheshuga kana chirwere che coronary artery

• Mapiritsi emvura (diuretics). Mishonga iyi inobatsira kubvisa sodium nemvura mumuviri. Kazhinji ndiwo mishonga yekutanga inoshandiswa kurapa kuwedzera kweropa.

  Kune makirasi akasiyana-siyana e diuretics, anosanganisira thiazide, loop uye potassium sparing. Iyo yako yekupa inokurudzira inoenderana nekuyerwa kweropa rako nemamwe mamiriro ehutano, akadai sedambudziko reitsvo kana kukundikana kwemoyo. Diuretics anoshandiswa kazhinji kurapa kuwedzera kweropa anosanganisira chlorthalidone, hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) nevamwe.

  Mhedzisiro yakajairika ye diuretics kuwedzera kwekuenda kumusoro. Kuenda kumusoro kwakawanda kunogona kudzikisa mazinga e potassium. Kuenzana kwakanaka kwe potassium kunodiwa kubatsira moyo kurova zvakanaka. Kana uine potassium shoma (hypokalemia), chiremba wenyu angakurudzira potassium-sparing diuretic ine triamterene.

• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Mishonga iyi inobatsira kuzorodza mabhodhoro eropa. Inovhara kuumbwa kwemakemikari echisikigo anokomba mabhodhoro eropa. Mienzaniso inosanganisira lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), benazepril (Lotensin), captopril nevamwe.

• Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). Mishonga iyi inozorodzawo mabhodhoro eropa. Inovhara chiito, kwete kuumbwa, kwemakemikari echisikigo anokomba mabhodhoro eropa. angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) inosanganisira candesartan (Atacand), losartan (Cozaar) nevamwe.

• Calcium channel blockers. Mishonga iyi inobatsira kuzorodza tsandanyama dzemabhodhoro eropa. Vamwe vanodzikisa kumhanya kwemoyo wako. Inosanganisira amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac, vamwe) nevamwe. Calcium channel blockers inogona kushanda zvakanaka kune vanhu vakwegura nevanhu vatema kupfuura angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors ega.

  Usadya kana kunwa zvigadzirwa zve grapefruit paunotora calcium channel blockers. Grapefruit inowedzera mazinga eropa e calcium channel blockers, izvo zvinogona kunge zvine ngozi. Taura nachiremba wako kana mushonga kana iwe uchinetseka nezvekuita.

• Alpha blockers. Mishonga iyi inodzikisa zviratidzo zvematende kumabhodhoro eropa. Inobatsira kudzikisa zviito zvemakemikari echisikigo anokomba mabhodhoro eropa. Alpha blockers inosanganisira doxazosin (Cardura), prazosin (Minipress) nevamwe.

• Alpha-beta blockers. Alpha-beta blockers inovhara zviratidzo zvematende kumabhodhoro eropa uye inodzikisa kumhanya kwemoyo. Inodzikisa huwandu hweropa hunofanira kupompwa kuburikidza nemabhodhoro. Alpha-beta blockers inosanganisira carvedilol (Coreg) ne labetalol (Trandate).

• Beta blockers. Mishonga iyi inodzikisa basa pamoyo uye inowedzera mabhodhoro eropa. Izvi zvinobatsira moyo kurova zvishoma uye nesimba shoma. Beta blockers inosanganisira atenolol (Tenormin), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol-XL, Kapspargo sprinkle) nevamwe.

  Beta blockers kazhinji haina kukurudzirwa semushonga chete unonyorwa. Inogona kushanda zvakanaka kana yakasanganiswa nemimwe mishonga yeropa.

• Aldosterone antagonists. Mishonga iyi inogona kushandiswa kurapa kuwedzera kweropa kunopesana. Inovhara chiito chemakemikari echisikigo anogona kutungamira kune munyu nemvura muviri. Mienzaniso ndeye spironolactone (Aldactone) uye eplerenone (Inspra).

• Renin inhibitors. Aliskiren (Tekturna) inodzikisa kugadzirwa kwerenin, enzyme inogadzirwa neitsvo inotanga cheni yematanho emakemikari anowedzera ropa.

  Nekuda kengozi yematambudziko akakomba, anosanganisira stroke, haufanire kutora aliskiren neACE inhibitors kana ARBs.

• Vasodilators. Mishonga iyi inomisira tsandanyama dziri mudziva dzema artery kubva pakukombwa. Izvi zvinovharira ma artery kubva pakukomba. Mienzaniso inosanganisira hydralazine ne minoxidil.

• Central-acting agents. Mishonga iyi inovhara uropi kubva kutaurira hurongwa hwema nerves kuwedzera kumhanya kwemoyo uye kukomba mabhodhoro eropa. Mienzaniso inosanganisira clonidine (Catapres, Kapvay), guanfacine (Intuniv) ne methyldopa.

• Unotora mishonga mitatu yakasiyana yeropa, kusanganisira diuretic. Asi ropa rako rinoramba rakanyanya kukwirira.

• Uri kutora mishonga mina yakasiyana kudzora kuwedzera kweropa. Chiremba wako anofanira kutarisa chikonzero chechipiri chekuwedzera kweropa.

• Kuchinja mishonga yeropa kuti uwane musanganiswa wakanakisa nedose.

• Kuongorora mishonga yako yese, kusanganisira iyo yakatenga pasina chinyorwa.

• Kuongorora ropa kumba kuti uone kana misangano yekurapa inokonzera kuwedzera kweropa. Izvi zvinonzi white coat hypertension.

• Kudya zvinovaka muviri, kutonga uremu uye kuita mamwe mararamiro akakurudzirwa.

Kutsunga kurarama utano kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira uye kudzora kuwedzera kweropa. Edza aya mazano ekudzivirira moyo:

Ita zvekutamba zvakawanda. Kuita zvekutamba nguva dzose kunochengeta muviri uine hutano. Kunogona kuderedza kuwedzera kweropa, kudzikamisa kushushikana, kutonga uremu uye kuderedza njodzi yezvirwere zvehukuru. Chinangwa chekuwana maawa angangoita 150 pavhiki ekuita zvekutamba zvine simba kana maawa 75 pavhiki ekuita zvekutamba zvine simba, kana kusanganiswa kwezviviri.

Kana uine kuwedzera kweropa, kurovedza muviri kwenguva dzose kwakasimba kusvika pakukwirira kunogona kuderedza kuverenga kwako kwepamusoro kweropa neanenge 11 mm Hg uye nhamba yepasi neanenge 5 mm Hg.

• Idya zvokudya zvine hutano. Idya kudya kwakakodzera. Edza nzira dzekudya dzekuvhara kuwedzera kweropa (DASH). Sarudza michero, miriwo, zviyo zvizere, nyama yemhuka, hove nezvokudya zvemukaka zvisina mafuta. Tora potassium yakawanda kubva kune zvinobva munzvimbo, izvo zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza kuwedzera kweropa. Idya mafuta mashoma esaturated nemafuta e trans.
• Shingairira munyu. Nyama yakagadzirwa, zvokudya zvakabikwa, miriwo yakabikwa, kudya kwakasungwa uye zvimwe zvingwa zvinogona kuva misoro yakavanzika yemunyu. Tarisa mapepa ezvokudya kuti uwane sodium. Dzora zvokudya nezvinwiwa zvine sodium yakawanda. Kuwana sodium ye1,500 mg pazuva kana zvishoma kunofungwa kuti kwakakodzera kune vakuru vazhinji. Asi bvunza mutariri wako kuti chii chakanakira iwe.
• Dzora doro. Kunyangwe uine hutano, doro rinogona kuwedzera kuwedzera kweropa. Kana ukasarudza kunwa doro, ita izvozvo zvine mwero. Kune vakuru vane hutano, izvozvo zvinoreva kusvika kumwe chinwiwa pazuva kwevakadzi, uye kusvika kune zvinwiwa zviviri pazuva kune varume. Chinwiwa chimwe chinoreva ma ounces gumi nemaviri ebhiya, ma ounces mashanu yewaini kana ma ounces 1.5 e80-proof liquor.
• Usafume. Fodya inokuvadza masvingo eropa uye inokurumidza kuita kwekuoma kwemitsinga yeropa. Kana ukamwa, bvunza mutariri wako wehutano kuti akubatsire kusiya.
• Chengetera uremu hwakanaka. Kana uri wakakora kana une huwandu hwakawanda hwemuviri, kurasikirwa neuremu kunogona kubatsira kudzora kuwedzera kweropa uye kuderedza njodzi yematambudziko. Bvunza mutariri wako wehutano kuti uremu hupi hwakanaka kwauri. Kazhinji, kuwedzera kweropa kunodonha neanenge 1 mm Hg nemapaundi ese 2.2 (1 kilogram) yekurasikirwa neuremu. Muvanhu vane kuwedzera kweropa, kudonha kwekuwedzera kweropa kunogona kunge kukuru zvakanyanya pa kilogram yeuremu yakarasika.
• Ita zvekutamba zvakawanda. Kuita zvekutamba nguva dzose kunochengeta muviri uine hutano. Kunogona kuderedza kuwedzera kweropa, kudzikamisa kushushikana, kutonga uremu uye kuderedza njodzi yezvirwere zvehukuru. Chinangwa chekuwana maawa angangoita 150 pavhiki ekuita zvekutamba zvine simba kana maawa 75 pavhiki ekuita zvekutamba zvine simba, kana kusanganiswa kwezviviri.

Kana uine kuwedzera kweropa, kurovedza muviri kwenguva dzose kwakasimba kusvika pakukwirira kunogona kuderedza kuverenga kwako kwepamusoro kweropa neanenge 11 mm Hg uye nhamba yepasi neanenge 5 mm Hg.

• Ita tsika dzakanaka dzekurara. Kurara kusina kunaka kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yezvirwere zvemwoyo nezvimwe zvirwere zvehukuru. Vakuru vanofanira kuita kuti varare maawa 7 kusvika ku9 zuva nezuva. Vana kazhinji vanoda zvakawanda. Enda kunorara uye mukamuke panguva imwe chete zuva nezuva, kusanganisira kumavhiki ekupedzisira. Kana uine dambudziko rekurara, taura nemupi wako wehutano nezvemazano anogona kubatsira.
• Tonga kushushikana. Tsvaga nzira dzekuita kuti kudzvinyirira kwemanzwiro kudzikire. Kuita zvekutamba zvakawanda, kuita fungisisa uye kubatana nevamwe mumapoka ekutsigira imimwe nzira dzedzikisa kushushikana.
• Edza kufema kwakanyanya, kwakadzika. Dzidzira kufema kwakadzika, kwakanyanya kuti uzorore. Kutsvagisa kwakaita kuti kufema kwakanyanya, kwakadzika (kufema kwakadzika kwe5 kusvika ku7 paminitsi) kusanganiswa nematekiniki efungisisa kunogona kuderedza kuwedzera kweropa. Kune zvishandiso zviripo zvekukurudzira kufema kwakanyanya, kwakadzika. Maererano neAmerican Heart Association, kufema kunotungamirwa nezvishandiso kunogona kuva sarudzo isina mishonga inonzwisisika yekuderedza kuwedzera kweropa. Inogona kuva sarudzo yakanaka kana uine kunetseka nekuwedzera kweropa kana usingakwanisi kutsungirira kurapwa kwakajairwa.