Chii chinonzi Hyperparathyroidism? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Hyperparathyroidism inoitika kana mazamu ako eparathyroid achigadzira homoni yakawanda ye parathyroid, zvichikonzera kuti mazinga e calcium muropa rako akwire kupfuura zvakaenzana. Aya mazamu mana maduku ari mutsipa wako kazhinji anobatsira kudzora calcium mumuviri wako, asi kana akava ane simba zvakanyanya, anogona kukanganisa iyi nhamburiko yakakosha.

Kunyangwe zita racho ringanzwa richitya, hyperparathyroidism inonyatsorapika kana yakazivikanwa zvakakwana. Vanhu vazhinji vanorarama nezviratidzo zvishoma kwemakore vasingazivi chikonzero chacho, ndosaka kunzwisisa iyi mamiriro ezvinhu kungava kunyaradza kwazvo kune avo vanowana mhinduro pakupedzisira.

Chii chinonzi hyperparathyroidism?

Hyperparathyroidism mamiriro ezvinhu apo mazamu ako eparathyroid anoshanda zvakanyanya, achiburitsa huwandu hwakawanda hwepathyroid hormone muropa rako. Funga nezve aya mazamu sevatungamiriri ve calcium mumuviri wako - kazhinji anochengeta huwandu hwakakwana hwe calcium huchifamba muropa rako.

Kana aya mazamu akava ane simba zvakanyanya, anobvisa calcium yakawanda kubva mumapfupa ako uye anoudza itsvo dzako kuti dzitorere calcium yakawanda kupfuura inodiwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti pave nechinhu chinokanganisa muviri wako wese, sezvo calcium ine basa rakakosha mukushanda kwemhasuru, kutumira kwemashoko enervhe, uye simba remapfupa.

Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu inokanganisa vanhu vanenge 1 pamunhu 1,000, vakadzi vane makore anopfuura 50 vari vanowanzonzi vane iyi mamiriro. Zvisinei, inogona kuitika pazera ripi zvaro uye inokanganisawo varume, kunyange zvishoma.

Ndeapi marudzi e hyperparathyroidism?

Primary hyperparathyroidism ndiyo yakajairika, inoitika kana rimwe kana anopfuura mazamu ako eparathyroid akava nechirwere pachawo. Izvi zvinoreva 85% yezviitiko uye kazhinji zvinoitika nekuti ganda diki, risina ngozi rinonzi adenoma rinoumbwa pane rimwe ganda.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism inoitika semhinduro kune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu iri kukonzera mazinga mashoma e calcium mumuviri wako. Mazamu ako eparathyroid anoshanda zvakanyanya kuti adzorere, kazhinji nekuda kwechirwere cheitsvo, kushomeka kwe vitamin D, kana matambudziko ekutorwa kwe calcium mumatumbu ako.

Tertiary hyperparathyroidism yakawanda zvishoma uye kazhinji inoitika kune vanhu vane chirwere cheitsvo chakareba. Muchiitiko chino, mazamu eparathyroid ave achishanda zvakanyanya kwenguva yakareba zvekuti haagone kudzoka kune basa rakajairika kunyangwe kana dambudziko riripo rakarapwa.

Ndeapi zviratidzo zve hyperparathyroidism?

Vanhu vazhinji vane hyperparathyroidism ishoma vane zviratidzo zvishoma zvinoitika zvishoma nezvishoma kwemwedzi kana makore. Ungacherechedza aya kuchinja achipinda muhupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva usati watanga kuabatanidza nechirwere.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvaunogona kuona zvinosanganisira:

• Kuneta kwenguva refu kunoshaya kugadziriswa nezororo
• Kunzwa kushaya simba kana kuva nesimba shoma kupfuura zvakaenzana
• Kunetseka kuisa pfungwa kana matambudziko ekurangarira
• Kuchinja kwemanzwiro, kusanganisira kuora mwoyo kana kunetseka
• Kushaya simba kwemhasuru, kunyanya mumakumbo ako
• Kurwadziwa kwemhasuru kana mapfupa
• Nyota yakawedzera uye kuenda kuchimbuzi
• Kutsamwa kana kurasikirwa nechido chekudya
• Kunetseka kwekutambudzika
• Matombo eitsvo

Vamwe vanhu vanowana zviratidzo zvinotyisa zvinoda kutarisirwa nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinosanganisira kusanzwisisa kwakanyanya, kurova kwemoyo kwasinganzwisisiki, kana kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kwemudumbu, izvo zvinogona kuratidza mazinga e calcium akakwira zvakanyanya anoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Zvinonakidza, vamwe vanhu vane hyperparathyroidism vanonzwa zvakanaka zvachose uye vanongowana mamiriro acho kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweropa kwakajairika. Izvi hazvirevi kuti mamiriro acho haasi kukanganisa muviri wako - zvinoreva kuti zviratidzo zvako hazvina kuoneka zvakakwana.

Chii chinokonzera hyperparathyroidism?

Primary hyperparathyroidism kazhinji inoitika kana ganda diki, risina ngozi rikura pane rimwe remazamu ako eparathyroid. Aya adenomas anoreva 80-85% yezviitiko uye kazhinji anokanganisa ganda rimwe chete, kunyange dzimwe nguva mazamu mazhinji anogona kubatanidzwa.

Zvishoma, primary hyperparathyroidism inogona kubva kune:

• Kukura kwemazamu mazhinji eparathyroid (hyperplasia)
• Mamiriro ezvinhu ehutsika akafemerwa senge multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndromes
• Zvishoma zvikuru, kenza yeparathyroid
• Kuonekwa kwe radiation kare kune nzvimbo yemutsipa
• Mishonga yakati, kunyanya lithium inoshandiswa pakurapa bipolar disorder

Secondary hyperparathyroidism inoitika kana muviri wako uchitarisana nematambudziko anoramba aripo nekuongororwa kwe calcium. Zvinokonzera zvakajairika zvinosanganisira chirwere cheitsvo chekare, kushomeka kwakanyanya kwe vitamin D, kana mamiriro ezvinhu anovhara matumbo ako kubva pakutorwa kwe calcium zvakakwana.

Muzviitiko zvakawanda, chikonzero chaicho chekuti munhu anogadzira hyperparathyroidism hachizivikanwi. Zera rinoita basa, sezvo mamiriro acho ezvinhu achikura sezvatinokura, kunyanya muvakadzi mushure memenopause.

Rini unofanira kuona chiremba nekuda kwe hyperparathyroidism?

Unofanira kufunga nezve kuona chiremba wako kana uri kuona zviratidzo zvakawanda zvinoramba zviripo kwemavhiki, kunyanya kuneta, kushaya simba, kuchinja kwemanzwiro, kana kurwadziwa kwepfupa kunasina chikonzero chakajeka. Aya maratidzo anogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya hupenyu hwako uye anogona kuratidza mazinga e calcium akakwira.

Rongedza musangano nekukurumidza kana ukawana matombo eitsvo, kunyanya kana iri nguva yako yekutanga kana kana wakambova nematombo mazhinji. Matombo eitsvo anogona kuva chiratidzo chekutanga che hyperparathyroidism, uye kubata mamiriro acho ezvinhu pakutanga kunogona kudzivirira matambudziko ramangwana.

Tsvaka rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza kana ukaona zviratidzo zvakakomba senge kusanzwisisa kwakanyanya, kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kwemudumbu, kurova kwemoyo kwasinganzwisisiki, kana zviratidzo zvekushaya mvura mumuviri. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza hyperparathyroid crisis, iyo inoda kurapwa kwekukurumidza.

Kana uine zvinokonzera njodzi senge nhoroondo yemhuri yezvirwere zve endocrine kana wakange uchitora lithium kwenguva yakareba, kurukura kuongororwa kwe calcium nguva dzose nemutapi wenyu wehutano. Kuonekwa pakutanga kunogona kudzivirira matambudziko uye kuvandudza mhinduro dzekurapa.

Ndeapi zvinokonzera njodzi zve hyperparathyroidism?

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wako wekuwana hyperparathyroidism, kunyange kuva nezvinokonzera njodzi hazvirevi kuti uchawana mamiriro acho. Kunzwisisa izvi kunogona kukubatsira iwe nechikurapa chako kuti murambe muri vakangwarira pazviratidzo zvepakutanga.

Zvinokonzera njodzi zvakakosha zvinosanganisira:

• Kuva mukadzi ane makore anopfuura 50, kunyanya mushure memenopause
• Kuva nenhoroondo yemhuri ye hyperparathyroidism kana zvirwere zve endocrine zvakabatana
• Kuonekwa kwe radiation kare kumusoro kana mutsipa wako
• Kutora mushonga we lithium we bipolar disorder
• Kuva ne syndromes ye genetic yakafemerwa senge MEN-1 kana MEN-2
• Chirwere cheitsvo chekare
• Kushomeka kwakanyanya, kwenguva refu kwe vitamin D
• Zvirwere zve digestive zvinokanganisa kutora kwe calcium

Zera nepabonde zvine basa rakakosha, nemirire iri katatu yakawanda muvakadzi kupfuura varume. Njodzi inowedzera zvakanyanya mushure memenopause, zvichida nekuda kwekuchinja kwehomoni kunokanganisa calcium metabolism.

Kuva nechimwe kana anopfuura zvinokonzera njodzi hazvirevi kuti uchawana hyperparathyroidism. Vanhu vazhinji vane zvinokonzera njodzi havambowana mamiriro acho, nepo vamwe vasina zvinokonzera njodzi zvakajeka vanoita. Kuongororwa nguva dzose kunogona kubatsira kubata chero kuchinja mumazinga ako e calcium pakutanga.

Ndeapi matambudziko anogona kuitika e hyperparathyroidism?

Kana isina kurapwa, hyperparathyroidism inogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba akawanda sezvo muviri wako uchiramba uchitarisana nemazinga e calcium akakwira kwenguva yakareba. Mashoko akanaka ndeawo ekurapa kwakakodzera kunogona kudzivirira akawanda ematambudziko aya uye kunyangwe kudzorera mamwe acho.

Matambudziko akajairika aunogona kusangana nawo anosanganisira:

• Osteoporosis uye kuwedzera kwenjodzi yekupwanya sezvo calcium ichibviswa mumapfupa ako
• Matombo eitsvo, anogona kuva akawanda uye kukonzera kurwadziwa kwakanyanya
• Kukuvadzwa kweitsvo kubva kumazinga e calcium akakwira nguva dzose
• Kuchinja kwemoyo nekuda kwe calcium yakakwira
• Peptic ulcers kubva pakawedzera kugadzirwa kweacid yemudumbu
• Kuora mwoyo uye matambudziko ekurangarira anogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva
• BP yakakwira

Muzviitiko zvishoma, mazinga e calcium akakwira zvakanyanya anogona kukonzera hyperparathyroid crisis. Iyi njodzi yekurapa inogona kukonzera kurova kwemoyo kunotyisa, kusanzwisisa kwakanyanya, coma, kana kunyangwe kukundikana kweitsvo. Nenzira yakanaka, iyi mamiriro ezvinhu haawanzoitika uye kazhinji inoitika chete kana mamiriro acho asina kuzivikanwa uye asina kurapwa kwenguva yakareba.

Matambudziko mazhinji anoitika zvishoma nezvishoma kwemakore, zvinoreva kuti kuongororwa pakutanga nekurapa kunogona kudzivirira zvachose. Kunyangwe kana matambudziko atovapo, mazhinji anogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya nekurapwa kwakakodzera kwe hyperparathyroidism iripo.

Hyperparathyroidism inoziviswa sei?

Kuziva hyperparathyroidism kazhinji kunotanga nekuongororwa kweropa kunoyera mazinga ako e calcium ne parathyroid hormone. Chiremba wako anogona kuraira aya bvunzo kana uine zviratidzo kana kana kuongororwa kwakajairika kucharatidza mazinga e calcium akakwira.

Kuongororwa kwakakosha kunosanganisira:

• mazinga e calcium muropa (kazhinji akakwira mu hyperparathyroidism)
• mazinga e parathyroid hormone (PTH) (kazhinji akakwira kana asinganzwisisiki akajairika)
• mazinga e vitamin D kuti ubvise kushomeka
• kuongororwa kweitsvo
• kuyerwa kwe calcium muropa kwemaawa 24
• kuongororwa kwakanyanya kwemapfupa kuti uone kurasikirwa nemapfupa

Chiremba wako anogona zvakare kuraira ongororo dze mifananidzo kuti awane ganda re parathyroid riri kushanda zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuongororwa kwakakosha senge sestamibi scan kana ultrasound yemutsipa wako, kunyanya kana kuvhiyiwa kuri kufungwa.

Dzimwe nguva kuongororwa kunoda kuongororwa zvakare, sezvo mazinga e calcium anogona kuchinja. Chiremba wako anogona zvakare kuda kubvisa mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakafanana kana mazinga e calcium akakwira, senge mamwe marudzi ekenza kana mhedzisiro yemishonga.

Kurapa kwe hyperparathyroidism ndekupi?

Kurapa kwe hyperparathyroidism kunoenderana nerudzi uye kukomba kwemiriro yako, pamwe chete nekuti uri kuona zviratidzo kana matambudziko. Chiremba wako acashanda newe kuti uone nzira yakanakisa zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo.

Kune primary hyperparathyroidism, kuvhiyiwa kazhinji ndiyo kurapa kwakanyanya kushanda, kunyanya kana uine zviratidzo kana matambudziko. Iyi nzira, inonzi parathyroidectomy, inosanganisira kubvisa ganda kana mazamu ari kushanda zvakanyanya uye ine mwero wakakwira wekubudirira weanopfuura 95%.

Kana kuvhiyiwa kusina kukodzera kwauri, sarudzo dzekurapa zvinosanganisira:

• Mishonga senge cinacalcet inobatsira kuderedza mazinga e calcium
• Bisphosphonates kuchengetedza mapfupa ako
• Kuongororwa nguva dzose nekuongororwa kweropa nekuongororwa kwakanyanya kwemapfupa
• Kuita shuwa kuti mvura yakakwana iripo kuti ibatsire itsvo dzako kugadzirisa calcium

Kune secondary hyperparathyroidism, kurapa kunotarisa pakugadzirisa chikonzero chiripo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kurapa chirwere cheitsvo, kugadzirisa kushomeka kwe vitamin D, kana kuvandudza kutora kwe calcium mumatumbu ako.

Chirongwa chako chekurapa chichagadzirirwa zvinodiwa zvako, zviratidzo, uye hutano hwese. Vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa zvakanaka zvakanyanya mukati memavhiki kusvika kumwedzi ekutanga kurapwa kwakakodzera.

Maitiro ekugadzirisa hyperparathyroidism kumba?

Kunyangwe kurapwa kwakakosha kwe hyperparathyroidism, kune zvinhu zvakati wandei zvaunogona kuita kumba kuti ubatsire hutano hwako uye zvichida kudzikamisa zvimwe zviratidzo. Aya marongero anoshanda zvakanaka kana akabatana nekurapwa kwakakodzera kwemishonga.

Kuchengetedza mvura yakawanda kwakakosha zvikuru, sezvo zvinobatsira itsvo dzako kugadzirisa calcium yakawanda uye zvinogona kuderedza njodzi yako yematombo eitsvo. Chinangwa chemakombe 8-10 emvura zuva nezuva, kunze kwekunge chiremba wako akuraira zvimwe.

Funga nezve aya marongero ekugadzirisa kumba anobatsira:

• Rambai muri vakasununguka nekuita zvemitambo yekutsigira hutano hwepfupa
• Deredza zvokudya zvine calcium yakawanda kana chiremba wako akakurudzira
• Dzivisa thiazide diuretics kunze kwekunge yakanyorwa, sezvo inogona kuwedzera mazinga e calcium
• Tora zvinowedzerwa zve vitamin D sezvakarayirwa nechikurapa chako
• Gadzira kushushikana kuburikidza nemabatiro ekusununguka kana mabasa akanaka
• Wana hope dzakakwana kuti ubatsirwe nekuneta nezviratidzo zvemanzwiro

Chengetedza zviratidzo zvako mune bhuku rakareruka, uchicherechedza chero kuchinja kana maitiro. Aya mashoko anogona kukosha kune timu yako yehutano mukuchinja chirongwa chako chekurapa.

Yeuka kuti kugadzirisa kumba kunotsigira asi hakusi kutsiva kurapwa kwemishonga. Gara uchitevera zano rachiremba wako uye chengeta misangano yese yakarongwa yekutarisa mamiriro ako.

Ungagadzirira sei musangano wako nachiremba?

Kugadzirira musangano wako kunogona kubatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana zvakanyanya kubva panguva yako nemutapi wenyu wehutano. Tanga nekunyora zviratidzo zvako zvese, kunyangwe zvingaita sekusina hukama, kusanganisira pavakatanga uye maitiro avanokanganisa hupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva.

Uye uunze runyora rwakazara remishonga yese, zvinowedzerwa, nemavhitamini auri kutora, sezvo zvimwe zvinogona kukanganisa mazinga e calcium kana kuwirirana nekurapa. Sanganisira mishonga inowanikwa pasina chinyorwa ne zvinowedzerwa zvemuriwo, sezvo izvi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kukosha.

Gadzira aya mashoko akakosha ekushanya kwako:

• Rondedzero yenguva yekutanga kwezviratidzo zvako uye maitiro zvavachinja
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yako yekurapa, kunyanya chero zvirwere zve endocrine
• Mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kweropa kare kana uine
• Chero ongororo dzemifananidzo kana nzira dzekurapa dzakaitwa kare
• Mibvunzo nezve sarudzo dzekurapa uye zvekutarisira
• Mashoko nezvekuvhara kwako kweinshurensi yekurapa kunogona kuitika

Funga nezvekutora shamwari yakavimbika kana nhengo yemhuri kuti ikubatsire kurangarira mashoko akakosha akakurukurwa panguva yemusangano. Vanogona zvakare kupa rutsigiro uye kubatsira kudzivirira zvinodiwa zvako.

Usazengurire kubvunza mibvunzo nezve chero chinhu chisinganzwisisiki. Timu yako yehutano inoda kukubatsira kunzwa wakaziva uye wakasununguka nechirongwa chako chekurapa.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezve hyperparathyroidism?

Hyperparathyroidism mamiriro ezvinhu anorapika zvikuru anokanganisa kuongororwa kwe calcium kwemuviri wako, uye kunyangwe zviratidzo zvingava zvinonetsa, vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa zvakanaka zvakanyanya kana vangowana kurapwa kwakakodzera. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuziva zviratidzo zvishoma uye kuwana kuongororwa kwakakodzera kwemishonga.

Kuongororwa pakutanga nekurapa kunogona kudzivirira matambudziko akakomba uye kazhinji kudzorera akawanda emaitiro ayo pane mapfupa ako, itsvo, uye hutano hwese. Kunyangwe kuburikidza nekurapa kana kurapwa kwemishonga, sarudzo dzekurapa dzinoshanda kwazvo kune vanhu vazhinji.

Kana uchifunga kuti ungave uine hyperparathyroidism zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvinoramba zviripo senge kuneta, kushaya simba, kuchinja kwemanzwiro, kana kurwadziwa kwepfupa, usazeza kukurukura izvi nemutapi wenyu wehutano. Kuongororwa kweropa kwakareruka kunogona kutanga nzira yekuongorora uye zvichida kupa mhinduro dzinokuvandudza zvakanyanya hupenyu hwako.

Yeuka kuti kuva ne hyperparathyroidism hakusi kukutsanangurira, uye nekurapwa kwakakodzera, vanhu vazhinji vanodzoka kune mabasa avo akajairika uye vanonzwa zvakanaka kupfuura zvavainzwa vasati vaongororwa.

Mibvunzo inobvunzwa kazhinji nezve hyperparathyroidism

Hyperparathyroidism inogona kupera pachayo here?

Primary hyperparathyroidism kazhinji haipere pasina kurapwa, sezvo kazhinji inokonzerwa neganda risina ngozi kana ganda rakakura rinoramba richigadzira homoni yakawanda. Zvisinei, secondary hyperparathyroidism inogona kuvandudzwa kana chikonzero chiripo, senge kushomeka kwe vitamin D kana chirwere cheitsvo, chakarapwa zvakabudirira. Vanhu vazhinji vane primary hyperparathyroidism vachada kuvhiyiwa kana kurapwa kwenguva refu kuti vachengete mazinga avo e calcium akajairika.

Kuvhiyiwa kwe hyperparathyroidism kunotyisa here?

Parathyroidectomy kazhinji inofungwa senzira yakachengeteka ine mwero wakakwira wekubudirira weanopfuura 95%. Kuvhiyiwa kazhinji kunoitirwa se outpatient procedure kana nekuvaraidzwa kwenguva pfupi muchipatara. Kunyangwe kuvhiyiwa kwose kuine njodzi, matambudziko akakomba haawanzoitika uye vanhu vazhinji vanodzoka nekukurumidza. Chiremba wako wekuvhiya achakukurukura njodzi nemabhenefiti chaiwo zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo ehutano.

Ndichada kutora zvinowedzerwa zve calcium mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe parathyroid here?

Vanhu vazhinji vanoda zvinowedzerwa zve calcium zvekwenguva pfupi mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe parathyroid sezvo mazamu avo asara achigadzirisa basa rakajairika. Izvi kazhinji zvinenge zviri zvekwenguva pfupi, zvichigara kwemavhiki mashoma kusvika kumwedzi mishoma. Chiremba wako achazviongorora mazinga ako e calcium zvakanyanya mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye achigadzirisa zvinowedzerwa zvako sezvinodiwa. Vamwe vanhu vangada zvinowedzerwa zve calcium ne vitamin D kwenguva refu, asi izvi zvinosiyana kubva kune munhu kune munhu.

Kuchinja kwezvokudya kunogona kubatsira kugadzirisa hyperparathyroidism here?

Kunyangwe kudya kwoga kusina kurapa hyperparathyroidism, kuchinja kwezvokudya kunogona kubatsira kugadzirisa zviratidzo uye kutsigira kurapwa kwako. Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuderedza calcium uye kuchengetedza mvura yakawanda. Zvisinei, usaita kuchinja kukuru kwezvokudya pasina mazano emishonga, sezvo zvinodiwa zve calcium zvako zvingave zvakasiyana nezvakatarisirwa. Kudya kwakaringana kwakakwana asi kwete calcium yakawanda, pamwe nemazinga akakodzera e vitamin D, kazhinji kunokurudzirwa.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti unzwe zvakanaka mushure mekurapwa kwe hyperparathyroidism?

Vanhu vazhinji vanoona kuvandudzwa mumazinga esimba nemanzwiro mukati memavhiki mashoma ekurapwa kwakabudirira, kunyange kupora kwepfupa kuchitora nguva yakareba. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa zvakanaka zvakanyanya mukati memwedzi 1-3 sezvo mazinga avo e calcium achigadziriswa. Zvimwe zviratidzo, senge kuvandudzwa kwakanyanya kwemapfupa, zvinogona kutora mwedzi 6-12 kana kupfuura kuti zviratidze kupora kwakazara. Munhu wese anorapwa nekukurumidza kwake, saka kushivirira nekuvandudzwa kwakakosha.