Chii Chinonzi Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy chirwere umo tsandanyama yemoyo yenyu inowedzera zvisina kujairika, zvichiita kuti mwoyo wenyu usakwanise kuburitsa ropa zvakakwana. Fungidzira semunhu ane tsandanyama dzakakura zvokuti dzinotambudza kufamba - tsandanyama yemoyo yenyu inowedzera kusvika pakutadzisa kufamba kwakajairika kweropa.

Chirwere ichi chinogara kuri mumagene chinotapukira vanhu vanosvika 1 pakati pe500 pasi rose, kunyange vazhinji vasingazive kuti vane chirwere ichi. Kuwedzera uku kunowanzoitika muchikamu chinoparadzanisa makamuri maviri ari pasi emwoyo wenyu, asi kunogona kuitika chero kupi mune tsandanyama yemoyo.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Vanhu vazhinji vane hypertrophic cardiomyopathy havaone chero zviratidzo, kunyanya pakutanga. Kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa, zvinowanzoitika zvishoma nezvishoma sezvo tsandanyama yemoyo ichiramba ichikura nekufamba kwenguva.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvaunogona kuona zvinosanganisira:

• Kushaya mweya, kunyanya panguva yekurovedza muviri kana uri kurara wakarara
• Kurwadziwa pabvudzi kana kuoma, kunyanya panguva yekurovedza muviri
• Kupuruzira kwemoyo kana kunzwa sekunge mwoyo wako uri kumhanya kana kusvetuka
• Kuzorora kana kunzwa musoro, kunyanya kana wakamira nekukurumidza
• Kuneta kunoratidzika kunge kukuru pane zvawakaita
• Kuora mwoyo, kunyanya panguva kana mushure mekurovedza muviri

Zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitika asi zvakakomba zvinogona kusanganisira kuzvimba mumitsipa, makumbo, kana tsoka, uye kuoma kufema kunowedzera kana uri kurara. Zviratidzo izvi zvinoratidza kuti mwoyo wako uri kurwisana zvakanyanya kuburitsa ropa zvakakwana.

Mumagariro asingawanzoitika, chiratidzo chekutanga che hypertrophic cardiomyopathy chinogona kuva kufa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe, kunyanya muvatambi vechidiki. Ndokusaka chirwere ichi chakawana hanya mune zvemitambo, kunyange zvazvo chichiri chisina kujairika.

Ndeapi marudzi e hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ine mhando mbiri huru, imwe neimwe inokanganisa mwoyo wako nenzira dzakasiyana. Rudzi rwaunaro runotsanangura zviratidzo zvako uye nzira yekurapa.

Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inoitika kana tsandanyama yemoyo yakakura ikadzivisa kufamba kweropa kubva mumoyo wako. Izvi zvinoitika mune 70% yezviitiko uye zvinowanzoita kuti pave nezviratidzo zvinonyanya kuoneka senge kurwadziwa pabvudzi uye kushaya mweya panguva yekurovedza muviri.

Non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inoreva kuti tsandanyama yakakura asi haidzivise kufamba kweropa zvakanyanya. Vanhu vane rudzi urwu vanowanzova nezviratidzo zvishoma, kunyange zvazvo mwoyo usingazorori zvakanaka pakati pekurova, izvo zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko nekufamba kwenguva.

Panewo rudzi rusingawanzoitika rinonzi apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, umo kuwedzera kunoitika kunyanya kumucheto wemoyo. Rudzi urwu rwakajairika kuvanhu vekuJapan uye kazhinji rinoita zviratidzo zvishoma pane mamwe marudzi.

Chii chinokonzera hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy chiri chirwere chinogara kuri mumagene chinopfuudzwa kubva kumhuri. Anenge 60% yezviitiko zvinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemagene anotonga kuti mapuroteni etsandanyama yemoyo yako anoshanda sei.

Ma gene anokanganisika zvakanyanya anosanganisira:

• MYH7 ne MYBPC3, zvinogadzira mapuroteni akakosha pakukonzeresa tsandanyama yemoyo
• TNNT2 ne TNNI3, izvo zvinobatsira kudzora kuti tsandanyama yemoyo yako inokonzera uye inozorora rini
• TPM1 ne ACTC1, izvo zvinotsigira chimiro chemasero etsandanyama yemoyo

Kana mumwe wevabereki vako ane hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, une mukana we50% wekuwana mutation yegene. Zvisinei, kuva negene hakuvimbiswi kuti ucharatidza zviratidzo - vamwe vanhu vane mutation asi havaone zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi.

Mumagariro asingawanzoitika, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inogona kukura pasina nhoroondo yemhuri. Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwekuchinja kwemagene matsva kana, zvisingawanzoitika, semugumisiro wemamwe mamiriro senge mamwe matambudziko ekugadzirwa kwemuviri kana kumanikidzwa kwakakwirira kweropa kwenguva refu.

Rini unofanira kuona chiremba nekuda kwe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Unofanira kuona chiremba nekukurumidza kana uine kurwadziwa pabvudzi, kushaya mweya panguva yekurovedza muviri, kana kuora mwoyo. Zviratidzo izvi zvinoda kuongororwa nevanachiremba kunyange zvazvo zvichinzwa zvishoma kana kuuya nekufamba.

Tsvaka rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukurumidza kana uine kurwadziwa kwakanyanya pabvudzi, kuoma kufema uri kuzorora, kana kuora mwoyo panguva kana mushure mekurovedza muviri. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza kuti mamiriro ako ari kukanganisa kukwanisa kwemoyo wako kuburitsa ropa zvakakwana.

Kana uine nhoroondo yemhuri ye hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, kufa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe, kana kusakwanisa kutsanangura kufa kwemoyo, funga nezvekurairwa kwemagene uye kuongororwa kunyange pasina zviratidzo. Kuonekwa pakutanga kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira matambudziko uye kutungamira sarudzo dzehupenyu.

Kuongororwa nguva dzose kunova kukosha zvikuru kana wakazivikanwa, sezvo mamiriro ako anogona kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva. Chiremba wako achatsvaga kuona kuti mwoyo wako uri kushanda sei uye kugadzirisa kurapa sezvinodiwa.

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera njodzi zve hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Chinonyanya kukonzera njodzi yekukura hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ndeyekuva nenhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere ichi. Sezvo chiri chirwere chinogara kuri mumagene, njodzi yako yakakwira zvikuru kana mubereki, munun'una, kana mwana akambozivikanwa.

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kukanganisa kuti chirwere ichi chinokura sei uye chinofambira mberi:

• Zera - zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa panguva yemakore ekukura kana pakutanga kwehudiki, kunyange zvazvo zvingakurira pazera ripi zvaro
• Rudzi - varume vanowanzova nezviratidzo zvakakomba uye matambudziko kupfuura vakadzi
• Rudzi - vanhu vemamwe marudzi, kusanganisira vanhu vekuAfrica, vangave nemamwe marudzi emagene
• Kumanikidzwa kwakakwirira kweropa - kunyange zvazvo zvisiri chikonzero, kunogona kuwedzera mamiriro acho kana aripo

Zvinofadza kuti haugone kudzivirira hypertrophic cardiomyopathy kuburikidza nekuchinja mararamiro sezvo iri chirwere chinogara kuri mumagene. Zvisinei, kuramba uine hutano uye kutonga zvinokonzera njodzi dzemoyo zvinogona kukubatsira kurarama zvakanaka nechirwere ichi.

Mumagariro asingawanzoitika, mamwe mamiriro ezvechiremba senge Noonan syndrome kana mamwe matambudziko ekugadzirwa kwemuviri anogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekukura kuwedzera kwetsandanyama yemoyo yakafanana ne hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Ndezvipi zvinogona kuitika matambudziko e hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Kunyangwe vanhu vazhinji vane hypertrophic cardiomyopathy vachirarama hupenyu hunowanzoitika, chirwere ichi chinogona dzimwe nguva kukonzera matambudziko akakomba. Kunzwisisa mikana iyi kunokubatsira kushanda nechikamu chako chekurapa kudzivirira kana kutonga zvakakwana.

Matambudziko akajairika anosanganisira:

• Atrial fibrillation - kuita kwemoyo kwasingawanzoitika kunowedzera njodzi yekurohwa
• Kufa kwemoyo - kana mwoyo wako usingakwanisi kuburitsa ropa zvakakwana kusangana nezvinodiwa nemuviri wako
• Kufa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe - kunyange zvazvo kusina kujairika, uku ndiko kunonyanya kukomba kukanganisa kunogona kuitika
• Zvidimbu zveropa - kunyanya kana uine atrial fibrillation
• Matambudziko e mitral valve - tsandanyama yakakura inogona kukanganisa kuti ma valves emwoyo wako anoshanda sei

Matambudziko asingawanzoitika asi akakomba anogona kusanganisira infective endocarditis, umo mabhakitiriya anokanganisa ma valves emwoyo wako, uye kuvhara kwakanyanya kunoda kuvhiya.

Njodzi yekufa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe, kunyange zvazvo kunotyisa kufunga nezvayo, inokanganisa vashoma kupfuura 1% yevanhu vane hypertrophic cardiomyopathy gore rega rega. Chiremba wako anogona kuongorora njodzi yako pachako uye kukurudzira matanho ekudzivirira kana zvichidiwa, senge kudzivisa mishonga yakati kana kufunga nezve implantable defibrillator.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inoongororwa sei?

Kuongorora hypertrophic cardiomyopathy kunowanzo tanga nekuti chiremba wako anoteerera mwoyo wako uye anokubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako nenhoroondo yemhuri. Vari kutsvaga kurira kwakati kwemoyo uye kuchema kunoratidza kufamba kwakashata kweropa.

Kuongororwa kukuru ndiko echocardiogram, inoshandisa mafungu ekuita mifananidzo yakajeka yemoyo wako. Kuongororwa uku kusina marwadzo kunoratidza kuti tsandanyama yemoyo yako yakakura sei, kuti mwoyo wako unopomba sei, uye kana kufamba kweropa kuri kuvharwa.

Chiremba wako anogonawo kukurudzira:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG) kuongorora basa remagetsi emwoyo wako
• Kuongororwa kwekurovedza muviri kuona kuti mwoyo wako unopindura sei pakurovedza muviri
• Cardiac MRI yemamwe mifananidzo yakajeka yemoyo wako
• Holter monitor yekurekodha kuita kwemoyo kwako kwemaawa 24-48
• Kuongororwa kwemagene kuziva kuchinja kwakati uye kuongorora nhengo dzemhuri

Mumagariro akati, chiremba wako anogona kuita cardiac catheterization, umo chubhu duku chinopinzwa mumoyo wako kuyera kumanikidzwa uye kuongorora kufamba kweropa zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinowanzochengeterwa nyaya dzakaoma kana kuvhiya kuri kufungwa.

Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kubatsira kubvisa mamwe mamiriro anogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakafanana, senge matambudziko e thyroid kana mamwe marwere emwoyo.

Kurapa kwe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy chii?

Kurapa kwe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy kunotarisa pakutonga zviratidzo, kudzivirira matambudziko, uye kukubatsira kuchengetedza hupenyu hunoshanda, hunofadza. Purogiramu yako chaiyo yekurapa inotsamira pazviratidzo zvako, kukomba kwemamiriro ako, uye zvinokonzera njodzi dzako pachako.

Mishonga inowanzova danho rekutanga re kurapa uye inogona kusanganisira:

• Beta-blockers senge metoprolol kudzikisa kuita kwemoyo wako uye kuderedza zviratidzo
• Calcium channel blockers senge verapamil kubatsira mwoyo wako kuzorora pakati pekurova
• Mishonga inorwisa arrhythmic kana uine kuita kwemoyo kwasingawanzoitika
• Mishonga inononotsa ropa kana uri panjodzi yezvidimbu zveropa
• Diuretics kuderedza kuunganidzwa kwemvura kana uine zviratidzo zvekufa kwemoyo

Kune zviitiko zvakakomba zvinodzivirira izvo zvisingapindure kumishonga, sarudzo dzekuvhiya dzinogona kudiwa. Septal myectomy inosanganisira kubvisa chikamu chetsandanyama yakakura kuti iwedzere kufamba kweropa, nepo alcohol septal ablation ichishandisa doro kudzikisa tishu ine dambudziko.

Mumagariro asingawanzoitika apo uri panjodzi yakakwira yekufa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Chishandiso ichi chinoongorora kuita kwemoyo wako uye chinogona kupa shoko rinoponesa upenyu kana kuita kwemoyo kwakakomba kuchitika.

Sarudzo itsva yekurapa ndeye mavacamten, mushonga wakagadzirirwa hypertrophic cardiomyopathy unogona kuderedza kuwedzera kwetsandanyama yemoyo uye kuvandudza zviratidzo kune vamwe vanhu.

Maitiro ekutonga hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pamba?

Kurarama zvakanaka ne hypertrophic cardiomyopathy kunosanganisira kuita sarudzo dzehupenyu dzinosimudzira hutano hwemoyo wako. Sarudzo duku dzezuva nezuva dzinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kuti unonzwa sei uye unoshingaira sei.

Kuramba wakanyorova kunokosha zvikuru nekuti kushaya mvura kunogona kuwedzera zviratidzo. Inwa mvura yakawanda zuva rese, kunyanya usati uye mushure mekurovedza muviri kana uri munzvimbo inopisa.

Mirayiridzo yekurovedza muviri inokosha asi inosiyana nemunhu. Kunyange zvazvo uchifanira kuramba uchiita zvemitambo, dzivisa mitambo yakakomba uye mabasa anokonzera kushaya mweya kwakanyanya kana kurwadziwa pabvudzi. Kufamba, kushambira, uye kurovedza muviri kwakapfava zvinowanzova zvakachengeteka.

Kutonga kushushikana kuburikidza nematekiniki ekusununguka, hope dzakakwana, uye mabasa anofadza kunogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo. Kushushikana kwenguva refu kunogona kuwedzera kupuruzira kwemoyo nemamwe zviratidzo zvaunogona kuona.

Cherechedza zviratidzo zvemuviri wako uye zorora kana uchida. Kumanikidza kupfuura kuneta kwakanyanya kana kushaya mweya hakusi kubatsira uye kunogona kuratidza kuti unoda rubatsiro rwechiremba.

Dzivisa zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mamiriro ako, kusanganisira doro rakawanda, zvinokurudzira, uye mishonga inoderedza kuzvimba inogona kuwedzera kuita kwemoyo wako kana kumanikidzwa kwakakwirira kweropa.

Unofanira kugadzirira sei kuonana kwako nachiremba?

Kugadzirira kuonana kwako kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana zvakanyanya kubva panguva yako nemutariri wehutano hwako. Tanga nekanyora zviratidzo zvako zvose, kusanganisira kuti zvinoitika rini uye chii chinodzitungamirira.

Uyai ne rondedzero yakazara yemishonga yako, kusanganisira mishonga inotengeswa pasina chitupa uye zvinowedzerwa. Mishonga yakati inogona kukanganisa mamiriro emwoyo kana kurapwa, saka chiremba wako anoda ruzivo urwu.

Unganidza nhoroondo yemhuri yako yezvechiremba, kunyanya hama dzine matambudziko emwoyo, kufa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe, kana kuora mwoyo kwasingatsananguriki. Ruzivo urwu rwemagene runokosha pakunzwisisa mamiriro ako nenjodzi.

Gadzirira mibvunzo nezve mamiriro ako chaiwo, senge mazinga ekurovedza muviri akachengeteka, zviratidzo zvekutarisa, uye kuti kazhinji unoda kuongororwa zvakare. Nyora izvi pasi kuti urege kukanganwa panguva yekuonana.

Kana uku kuri kuonana kwekutevera, cherechedza chero kuchinja muzviratidzo zvako kana kuti uri kupindura sei kurapwa. Iva wakavimbika nezve kushandisa mishonga uye chero zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvauri kuona.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezve hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy chirwere chemwoyo chinogona kutongwa chinokanganisa munhu mumwe nemumwe nenzira dzakasiyana. Kunyange zvazvo kuzivikanwa kunganzwa kuchinetsa pakutanga, vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere ichi vanorarama hupenyu hwazvo hwese, hunoshanda nekuchengetedzwa kwakanaka kwechiremba uye kugadziriswa kwemaitiro ehupenyu.

Chinonyanya kukosha pakurarama zvakanaka ne hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ndechekuvaka hukama hwakanaka nechikamu chako chekurapa. Kuongororwa nguva dzose kunobvumira kuonekwa pakutanga kwekuchinja uye kugadziriswa kwemishonga sezvinodiwa.

Yeuka kuti kuva nechirwere ichi hakusi kuratidza miganho yako - zvinoreva chete kuti unofanira kufunga nezvehutano hwemoyo wako. Vanhu vazhinji vanobudirira kutonga mabasa, hukama, uye mabasa emuviri vachirarama ne hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Ramba uine ruzivo nezve mamiriro ako, tevera purogiramu yako yekurapa, uye usambotya kubvunza chiremba wako nemibvunzo kana zvinokunetsa. Kuita kwako kwakanaka pakutonga hutano hwako kunoita musiyano mukuru mumagumisiro ako arefu.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Unogona kurarama hupenyu hunowanzoitika ne hypertrophic cardiomyopathy here?

Hungu, vanhu vazhinji vane hypertrophic cardiomyopathy vanorarama hupenyu hunofadza, hunofadza nekuchengetedzwa kwakanaka kwechiremba. Kunyange zvazvo ungada kuita mamwe magadzirirwo ehupenyu uye kutora mishonga, chirwere ichi hachikutadzisi kushanda, kufamba, kana kunakidzwa nehukama. Kuongororwa nguva dzose kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unoramba uine hutano uye uchiita zvinhu.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inogara kuri mumagene here?

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inogara iri mumagene mune anenge 60% yezviitiko, zvinoreva kuti inogona kupfuudzwa kubva kuvabereki kuenda kuvana. Kana uine chirwere ichi, mumwe nemumwe wevana vako ane mukana we50% wekuwana mutation yegene. Zvisinei, kuongororwa kwemagene uye kuongororwa kwemhuri kunogona kubatsira kuziva hama dziri panjodzi pakutanga, zvichibvumira kuongororwa kwakanaka nekurapwa.

Mabasa api aunofanira kudzivisa ne hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Unofanira kudzivisa mitambo yakakomba, kunyanya iyo inoda simba rakakurumidza senge kumhanya kana kusimudza uremu. Mabasa anokonzera kushaya mweya kwakanyanya, kurwadziwa pabvudzi, kana kuzorora anofanirawo kuderedzwa. Zvisinei, kurovedza muviri kwakapfava senge kufamba, kushambira, uye kurovedza muviri kwakapfava zvinowanzova zvakanaka uye zvinokurudzirwa pasi pekutungamirwa kwechiremba.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inogona kuipa nekufamba kwenguva here?

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inogona kuwedzera, asi izvi zvinosiyana zvikuru pakati pevanhu. Vamwe vanhu vanoramba vakadzikama kwemakore, nepo vamwe vangave nezviratidzo zvinowedzera kana matambudziko. Kuongororwa nguva dzose ne cardiologist kunobatsira kutevera chero kuchinja uye kugadzirisa kurapwa zvakakodzera. Kuita zvinhu pakutanga kazhinji kunodzivirira kana kunononotsa kuwedzera.

Upenyu huripo hwakareba sei ne hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Vanhu vazhinji vane hypertrophic cardiomyopathy vane upenyu hwakareba hunowanzoitika kana hwakafanana nehupenyu hwakareba, kunyanya nekurapwa kwazvino uye kuongororwa. Kunyange zvazvo chirwere ichi chine njodzi, huwandu hwevanhu vanofa gore rega rega huri pasi pe 1% mune vazhinji varwere. Kuongororwa kwako pachako kunotsamira pazvinhu senge kukomba kwezviratidzo, nhoroondo yemhuri, uye kupindura kurapwa.