Chii Chinonzi Kawasaki Disease? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Kawasaki disease chirwere chinokonzera kuzvimba mumatunhu eropa mumuviri wose, kunyanya kukanganisa vana vari pasi pemakore mashanu. Kunyange zita racho richinzwa risingazivikanwi, chirwere ichi chinowanzoitika kupfuura vazhinji vabereki vanoziva, uye nekurapa kwakakodzera, vana vazhinji vanodzoka zvakakwana pasina migumisiro inogara kwenguva refu.

Funga nezvazvo sehurongwa hwekuzvidzivirira hwemwana wako huchikurumidza uye huchikuvadza matunhu eropa ane hutano nekukanganisa. Mashoko akanaka ndeakuti vanachiremba vave nyanzvi zvikuru pakuzivisa nekurapa chirwere ichi, kunyanya kana chakawanikwa pakutanga.

Chii Chinonzi Kawasaki Disease?

Kawasaki disease chirwere chekuzvimba chinokanganisa kunyanya matunhu eropa, kunyanya arteries dzekoronari dzinounza ropa kumoyo. Zvinozivikanwawo se mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome nekuti inokanganisa ganda, mucous membranes, uye lymph nodes.

Chirwere ichi chinokanganisa vana chete, neinenge 80% yematambudziko ichitika muvana vari pasi pemakore mashanu. Kunyange zvazvo zvingaita sekutyisa kana mwana wako akaonekwa aine chirwere ichi, zvakakosha kuziva kuti Kawasaki disease inorapika, uye vana vazhinji vanorarama hupenyu hwakanaka, hwutano.

Chirwere ichi chakatsanangurwa kekutanga naDr. Tomisaku Kawasaki muJapan muna 1967. Nhasi, chinozivikanwa pasi rese sechimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru zvechirwere chemwoyo chinowanikwa muvana munyika dzakabudirira, asi kurapa nekukurumidza kunoderedza njodzi yematambudziko emwoyo.

Ndeapi Zviratidzo zveKawasaki Disease?

Zviratidzo zveKawasaki disease zvinowanzooneka mumapoka, uye kuziva pakutanga kunogona kuita musiyano wakakura mukubudirira kwemwana wako. Chiratidzo chikuru ndiro fivha yakakwirira inogara kwemazuva mashanu kana kupfuura uye haina kubatsirwa nezvinoderedza fivha zvakajairwa se acetaminophen kana ibuprofen.

Heano zviratidzo zvikuru vanachiremba vanotsvaka, uye ungazviona zvichioneka kwemazuva akawanda:

• Fivha yakakwirira (102°F kana kupfuura) inogara kwemazuva mashanu kana kupfuura uye haina kubatsirwa nemishonga yemafivha yakajairwa
• Maziso matsvuku, ane ropa pasina kubuda kana kuunganidzwa kwakaoma, zvichikanganisa maziso ose
• Macheka pamuviri anogona kuoneka sematombo matsvuku, mahombekombe akakwirira, kana kuita sekunge measles
• Miromo matsvuku, yakazvimba, kana yakapwanya uye “rurimi rwe strawberry” rwakaita tsvuku uye rine mahombekombe
• Lymph nodes yakazvimba mumutsipa, kazhinji kune rumwe rutivi uye yakakura kupfuura walnut
• Makoto matsvuku, akazvimba anogona gare gare kuve neganda rinobvaruka pazvigunwe nepazvipikiri

Mwana wako angave ainewo hasha inoratidzika kuva yakakomba kupfuura hasha yevana yakajairwa, pamwe chete nekuneta nekurasikirwa nechido chekudya. Vamwe vana vanogona kuva nekurwadziwa kwemudumbu, kurutsa, kana manyoka.

Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kwete mwana wese achava nezviratidzo izvi zvose, uye hazviwanzooneka panguva imwe chete. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti kuongororwa kuve kwakaoma, ndosaka zvakakosha kutsvaka rubatsiro rwechiremba kana mwana wako aine fivha yakakwirira inogara pamwe chete nezvimwe zviratidzo izvi.

Chii Chinokonzera Kawasaki Disease?

Chikonzero chaicho cheKawasaki disease hachizivikanwi, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa vabereki vanotsvaka mhinduro. Zvisinei, vatsvakurudzi vanofunga kuti zvinogona kubva pakusanganiswa kwekuchinja kwemajini uye zvinokonzera zvakatipoteredza, panzvimbo pechimwe chikonzero.

Mifungo yakati wandei nezve zvinogona kukonzera chirwere ichi iri kudzidzwa:

• Zvinhu zvinokonzera chirwere senge mavhairasi kana mabhakitiriya anokonzera kupindura kwakashata kweropa muvana vane njodzi
• Zvinhu zvemajini zvinoita kuti vamwe vana vave munjodzi, sezvo chirwere ichi chiri chakajairika muvana vekuAsia
• Zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakatipoteredza kana makemikari anogona kuwedzera kuzvimba
• Kupindura kwe autoimmune uko hurongwa hwekuzvidzivirira hwemuviri hunokuvadza zvinyama zvine hutano nekukanganisa

Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti Kawasaki disease haina kuzara. Haugoni kuibata kubva kune mumwe munhu, uye mwana wako haagoni kuipasa kuhama kana shamwari dzekubasa. Haisiwo yakakonzerwa nezvawakaita kana kusaita semubereki.

Chirwere ichi chinoita sekunge chiri chakajairika mumazuva echando nekupfuma, uye dzimwe nguva chinoitika mumapoka maduku mumakomyuniti, zvichiratidza kuti zvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvinogona kuita basa mukukonzera chirwere ichi muvana vane njodzi yemajini.

Rini Unofanira Kuona Chiremba weKawasaki Disease?

Unofanira kubata nachiremba wemwana wako nekukurumidza kana mwana wako aine fivha ye102°F (39°C) kana kupfuura inogara kwemazuva matatu kana kupfuura, kunyanya kana ichisanganiswa nezvimwe zviratidzo zvakataurwa pamusoro apa. Usamirire kuti zviratidzo zvose zvibude.

Tsvaka rubatsiro rwekukurumidza rwechiremba kana mwana wako akawana zviratidzo zvakakomba senge kuoma kufema, hasha huru isingagoni kunyaradzwa, zviratidzo zvekushaya mvura mumuviri, kana ukanyanya kunetseka nezve mamiriro avo ose. Vimba nepfungwa dzako semubereki - kana chimwe chinhu chichiita sekushata kwazvo, zviri nani kugara uchirangarira zvakanyanya.

Kuongororwa nekukurumidza nekurapa zvakakosha pakudzivirira matambudziko, kunyanya matambudziko emwoyo. Kana uri kunetseka nezve Kawasaki disease, usamborega kukurudzira mwana wako uye kukumbira kuongororwa kwakakwana, kunyange kana watoona chiremba uye fivha ichigara.

Ndeapi Njodzi dzeKawasaki Disease?

Kunyangwe mwana wese anogona kuwana Kawasaki disease, zvinhu zvimwe zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wekuwana chirwere ichi. Kunzwisisa njodzi idzi kunogona kukubatsira kuramba uchiri pakati pezviratidzo, kunyange zvazvo kuva nenjodzi hazvirevi kuti mwana wako achawana chirwere ichi.

Njodzi huru dzinosanganisira:

• Age – Vana vari pasi pemakore mashanu ndivo vanowanzokanganiswa, nekuwanda kwakanyanya pakati pemakore 1-2
• Rudzi – Vana vekuAsia, kunyanya vekuJapan neKorea, vane huwandu hwakawanda
• Gender – Vakomana vane mukana wakakura wekuwana chirwere ichi kupfuura vasikana
• Nhoroondo yemhuri – Kuva nehama ine Kawasaki disease kuwedzera njodzi, kunyange zvazvo zvichiri kushayikwa
• Nzvimbo ye geographical – Huwandu hwakawanda hunoitika munzvimbo dzakati, kunyanya muAsia uye pakati pevanhu vekuAsia pasi rese

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti vana vazhinji, kunyange avo vane njodzi dzakawanda, havazombovi neKawasaki disease. Zvinhu izvi zvinongobatsira vanachiremba kunzwisisa maitiro uye kuramba vakangwarira nezviratidzo muvanhu vane njodzi yakawanda.

Ndeapi Matambudziko Anogona Kuitika eKawasaki Disease?

Kunyangwe vana vazhinji vanodzoka zvakakwana kubva kuKawasaki disease, kunetseka kukuru ndiko mukana wekuwana matambudziko emwoyo, kunyanya kana chirwere ichi chisingarapwi kana kurapwa kuchinonoka. Kunzwisisa mikana iyi kunogona kubatsira kusimbisa kukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kwehutano pakutanga.

Matambudziko makuru avanachiremba vanotarisa anosanganisira:

• Coronary artery aneurysms – Kupera simba nekukura kwematunhu eropa emoyo, izvo zvinoitika muinenge 25% yematambudziko asina kurapwa asi zvinodonha kusvika ku3-5% nekurapwa nekukurumidza
• Matambudziko emwoyo – Kubaya kwemoyo kunogona kuda kuongororwa kwenguva refu
• Kuzvimba kwemoyo (myocarditis) – Kuzvimba kwemoyo kunogona kukanganisa basa rayo
• Matambudziko emavalves – Matambudziko nemavalves emoyo anodzora kuyerera kweropa
• Blood clots – Kunyanya munzvimbo umo matunhu eropa akakuvadzwa

Zvisingawanzoitika, vamwe vana vanogona kuva nekurwadziwa kwematope, kurasikirwa kunzwa, kana kuzvimba kwe gallbladder. Vakawanda vematambudziko aya anogona kudzivirirwa nekurapwa pakutanga, ndosaka kuziva zviratidzo nekukurumidza kwakakosha kwazvo.

Nekurapa kwakakodzera, njodzi yematambudziko emwoyo yakakomba inodonha zvikuru. Vana vazhinji vanowana kurapwa mukati memazuva gumi ekutanga erwere vane migumisiro yakanaka kwenguva refu uye vanogona kuita mabasa ose emwana.

Kawasaki Disease Inooongororwa Sei?

Kuongorora Kawasaki disease kunogona kuva kwakaoma nekuti hapana bvunzo imwe chete inosimbisa chirwere ichi. Panzvimbo pezvo, vanachiremba vanoshandisa zviyero zvekuongorora zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvemwana wako uye kubvisa mamwe mamiriro anogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakafanana.

Chiremba wako achaongorora mwana wako zvakanyanya uye achatsvaka kusanganiswa kwezviratidzo zvakajairwa. Vachaodzawo bvunzo dzakati kuti vatsigire kuongororwa uye vatarisire matambudziko:

• Blood tests kuongorora zviratidzo zvekuzvimba, senge kuwanda kwema cell machena eropa uye C-reactive protein
• Echocardiogram (ultrasound yemoyo) kuongorora arteries dzekoronari nebasa remwoyo
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) kuongorora matambudziko emwoyo
• Urine tests kubvisa mamwe marwere uye kuongorora mapuroteni mumukaka
• Throat culture kana mamwe ma cultures kubvisa mabhakitiriya

Kuongororwa kunowanzoitwa kana mwana aine fivha kwemazuva mashanu kana kupfuura pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinhu zvina zvemakumi mashanu. Zvisinei, vanachiremba vane ruzivo vanogona kuongorora “Kawasaki disease isina kukwana” kana zviyero zvishoma zvikawanikwa asi mufananidzo wose uri wakafanana.

Chiremba wako anogonawo kukurukura nevanachiremba vevana, kunyanya vanachiremba vevana vepfungwa kana rheumatologists, kuti asimbise kuongororwa uye kugadzira chirongwa chakanaka chekurapa chemwanakomana wako.

Kurapa kweKawasaki Disease Kudii?

Kurapa kweKawasaki disease kunotarisa pakuderedza kuzvimba uye kudzivirira matambudziko emwoyo. Mashoko akanaka ndeakuti kana kurapwa kuchitanga pakutanga, kunobatsira zvikuru pakudzivirira matambudziko akakomba uye kubatsira vana kudzoka zvakakwana.

Kurapa kukuru kwemwana wako timu yekurapa ichaita kunosanganisira:

• Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) – Kuwedzerwa kwemishonga ine simba inobatsira kudzikamisa hurongwa hwekuzvidzivirira uye kuderedza kuzvimba
• Aspirin ine simba – Inoshandiswa pakutanga kuderedza kuzvimba nefivha, wobva yagara ichishandiswa nehuwandu hushoma kudzivirira ropa kubaya
• Corticosteroids – Dzimwe nguva inowedzerwa kune vana vane njodzi yakawanda yematambudziko emwoyo kana avo vasingapindure kurapwa kwekutanga
• Mishonga inowedzerwa – Senge infliximab kana mamwe mishonga inodzora hurongwa hwekuzvidzivirira kune zvakakomba kana zvisingarapiki

Kurapa kunowanzo tanga muchipatara, uko mwana wako anogona kutarisirwa zvakanyanya. Vana vazhinji vanotanga kunzwa zvakanaka mukati memaawa 24-48 mushure mekugamuchira IVIG, nefivha ichidzika uye hasha ichivandudzika zvikuru.

Nguva yekurapa inosiyana, asi vana vazhinji vanogona kudzokera kumba mukati memazuva mashoma kana fivha yavo yadzoka uye vakachengeteka. Kutarisirwa kwekuenderera mberi kwakakosha uye kuchabatanidza kuongororwa kwemoyo nguva dzose ne echocardiograms kuve nechokwadi chekuti hapana matambudziko anokura.

Maitiro Ekutarisira Kumba Panguva Yokudzoroka kweKawasaki Disease?

Kana mwana wako adzokera kumba kubva muchipatara, kune nzira dzakakosha dzaungabatsira kudzoroka kwavo uye kuvabatsira kunzwa zviri nani. Chinhu chikuru ndechekutevera mirairo yemwana wako timu yekurapa uchibata nehanya, rudo.

Heano maitiro aungabatsira mwana wako panguva yekudzoroka:

• Kutarisira mishonga – Pa aspirin chaizvo sezvakarayirwa, kunyange kana mwana wako akanzwa zviri nani, uye usambomisa pasina mvumo yechiremba
• Zvinhu zvinonyaradza – Pa zvokudya zvinyoro, zvinotonhora kumiromo yakarwadza nehuro, uye shandisa mafuta asina kunhuhwirira kune ganda rinobvaruka
• Kuchinja mabasa – Rega kutamba kwakanyarara nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoshanda, asi usaita mabasa akaoma emuviri kusvikira wabvumirwa nachiremba wako
• Kuongorora – Tarisa chero zviratidzo zvitsva uye chengeta zvinyorwa zvekuti mwana wako ari kunzwa sei zuva nezuva
• Kuongororwa kwekuenderera mberi – Usambopotsa misangano yakarongwa yekurapa kwemoyo, kunyange kana mwana wako achiratidzika kuva akanaka zvakakwana

Mwana wako angave aine ganda rinobvaruka pazvigunwe nepazvipikiri panguva yekudzoroka, izvo zvakajairwa uye hazvirwadzi. Izvi zvinowanzoitika mavhiki maviri kusvika matatu mushure mekunge chirwere chatanga uye zvichapora pachazvo.

Zvakajairwawo kuti vana vave nekuneta kupfuura zvakajairwa kwemavhiki akawanda mushure meKawasaki disease. Rega zororo rakawanda uye usaora mwoyo kana mwana wako achida kurara zvakawanda kana nguva yakanyarara kupfuura zvakajairwa panguva yekudzoroka.

Unofanira Kugadzirira Sei Kune Chiremba Wako?

Kugadzirira misangano yemwana wako yekurapa kunogona kubatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana kuongororwa kwakanyanya uye kurapwa kwakanaka kunobvira. Kuve wakarongeka uye wakakwana mukugadzirira kwako kunogona kuita musiyano wakakura mumugumisiro.

Usati wasvika kumusangano,unganidza ruzivo urwu rwakakosha:

• Nguva yenzira yekuratidza zviratidzo – Nyora pasi nguva yega yega yakatanga, yakagara kwenguva yakareba sei, uye chero shanduko dzawakaona
• Zvinyorwa zvetembiricha – Chengeta zvinyorwa zvemafivha emwana wako, kusanganisira tembiricha chaiyo nenguva
• Zvinyorwa zvemafoto – Tora mifananidzo yematombo, maziso matsvuku, kana mamwe zviratidzo zvinoonekwa kuti uone chiremba
• Ruzivo rwemishonga – Sanganisira mishonga yose, zvinowedzerwa, uye mishonga yekumba yawakashandisa
• Rondedzero yemibvunzo – Nyora pasi zvinetso zvako zvose nemibvunzo kuti usakanganwa chimwe chinhu chakakosha

Panguva yemusangano, usamborega kubvunza mibvunzo kana kukumbira kujeka kana usinganzwisisi chimwe chinhu. Ita shuwa kuti unzwisisa chirongwa chekurapa, zvekutarisa kumba, uye rini unofanira kubata nachiremba.

Kana uri kunetseka nezve Kawasaki disease zvakanyanya, taura izvi nachiremba wako. Kunyangwe vachatarisa mikana yakawanda, ruzivo rwako nezvinetso zvakakosha kunogona kubatsira kutungamira kuongororwa kwavo uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti hapana chinokosha chakashayikwa.

Chii Chinonyanya Kukosha Nezve Kawasaki Disease?

Chinhu chakakosha chokuyeuka nezve Kawasaki disease ndechekuti kuziva nekurapa pakutanga kunotungamira kumigumisiro yakanaka kune vakawanda vevana. Kunyange zvazvo chirwere ichi chingaita sekutyisa, kunyanya kana mwana wako akarwara, mishonga yemazuva ano yaiita kuti irapike zvikuru.

Vimba nepfungwa dzako semubereki. Kana mwana wako aine fivha yakakwirira inogara pamwe chete nezvimwe zviratidzo zvinotyisa, usamborega kutsvaka rubatsiro rwechiremba. Kurapwa pakutanga kunogona kudzivirira matambudziko akakomba uye kubatsira mwana wako kudzokera kumabasa akajairika nekukurumidza.

Vana vazhinji vanowana kurapwa nekukurumidza kweKawasaki disease vanorarama hupenyu hwakanaka, hwutano pasina migumisiro inogara kwenguva refu. Nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera kwekuenderera mberi nekuongororwa, unogona kuvimba kuti mwana wako achapora zvakakwana uye achakura.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo Bvunzwa Nezve Kawasaki Disease

Q1: Kawasaki disease inozara here?

Kwete, Kawasaki disease haina kuzara. Mwana wako haagoni kuibata kubva kune mumwe munhu, uye haagoni kuipasa kuhama, shamwari dzekubasa, kana chero ani zvake. Zvinogona kukonzerwa nekupindura kwakashata kweropa muvana vane njodzi yemajini, kwete nechinhu chinokonzera chirwere chinopararira kubva kune munhu kuenda kune mumwe munhu.

Q2: Vakuru vanogona kuwana Kawasaki disease here?

Kawasaki disease inokanganisa vana kunyanya, neinenge 85% yematambudziko ichitika muvana vari pasi pemakore mashanu. Matambudziko evakuru anokura zvisingawanzoitika, uye kana achiitika, anowanzotaurwa se“Kawasaki-like syndrome.” Vakawanda vematambudziko anoitika muhudiki.

Q3: Mwana wangu achada kutora aspirin nekusingaperi here?

Vana vazhinji havadi kutora aspirin kwenguva refu. Nguva inobva pane kana mwana wako akawana matambudziko emwoyo. Kana pasina matambudziko e coronary artery, aspirin inowanzosiyiwa mushure memavhiki matanhatu kusvika masere. Vana vane matambudziko emwoyo vanogona kuda kuramba vachitora aspirin kwenguva yakareba, asi izvi zvinoongororwa nemunhu mumwe chete nachiremba wemwana wako.

Q4: Kawasaki disease inogona kudzoka here?

Kudzokazve kweKawasaki disease hakufungi, kuchitika muinenge 1-3% chete ye vana vakambova nayo kare. Kana mwana wako akawana Kawasaki disease kamwe, haana mukana wekuwana zvakare, asi zvichiri kukosha kutarisa zviratidzo kana vakawana fivha yakareba munguva yemberi.

Q5: Ndeapi migumisiro yeKawasaki disease kwenguva refu?

Vana vazhinji vanowana kurapwa nekukurumidza havafaniri kuva nemigumisiro kwenguva refu uye vanogona kuita mabasa ose akajairika anosanganisira mitambo. Vana vanowana matambudziko e coronary artery vanogona kuda kuongororwa kwemoyo kwenguva refu uye zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvemabasa, asi kunyange vana ava vanowanzoita zvakanaka nekurapwa kwakakodzera nekutevera.