MEN-2 Chii? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

MEN-2 chirwere chisingawanzoitiki chinogona kuberekwa chinokonzera kuti zvimba zvikure mumagaro anogadzira mahomoni mumuviri wako. Izvi zvimba zvinogona kunge zvisina kenza kana kuti zvine kenza, uye kazhinji zvinokanganisa ganda rako re thyroid, adrenal glands, uye parathyroid glands.

Iyi syndrome inogona kuberekwa inofamba mumhuri uye inokonzerwa nekushanduka kwe gene rimwe chete rinonzi RET. Kunyange zita racho richinzwa rine njodzi, kunzwisisa MEN-2 kunogona kukubatsira iwe nechikwata chako chehutano kugadzira chirongwa chakanaka chekutarisa uye kurapa.

MEN-2 Chii?

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 (MEN-2) chirwere chekenza chinogona kuberekwa chinokanganisa endocrine system yako. Endocrine system yako ine magaro anogadzira mahomoni ekudzora mabasa akasiyana emuviri senge metabolism, kumanikidza kweropa, uye mazinga e calcium.

Ichi chirwere chinowana zita rayo nekuti chinoita kuti zvimba zvizhinji (neoplasia) zvikure mumagaro mazhinji endocrine panguva imwe chete. Funga nezvazvo semakambani anogadzira mahomoni emuviri wako achikura zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwehomoni kazhinji.

MEN-2 ine mhando mbiri huru. MEN-2A ndiyo yakajairika, nepo MEN-2B isingawanzoitiki asi inowanzova ine utsinye. Mhando mbiri dzacho dzinokonzerwa nekushanduka kwe gene rimwe chete asi dzinokanganisa vanhu nenzira dzakasiyana.

Ndeapi marudzi eMEN-2?

MEN-2A ndiyo yakajairika, ichiita 95% yezviitiko zveMEN-2. Vanhu vane MEN-2A kazhinji vanowana kenza ye medullary thyroid, uye vazhinji vanowanawo zvimba mu adrenal glands dzavo zvinonzi pheochromocytomas.

Vamwe vanhu vane MEN-2A vanowanawo zvimba zve parathyroid, izvo zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko nemazinga e calcium muropa rako. Chikamu chidiki chinogonawo kuva nechirwere chinonzi Hirschsprung chirwere, chinokanganisa ura guru.

MEN-2B haina kuwanda asi ine ngozi zvikuru. Vanhu vane rudzi urwu vanowanzowana kansara ye medullary thyroid panguva yavachaduku, pamwe chete ne pheochromocytomas. Vangavewo vane chitarisiko chakasiyana-siyana sezvitsitsinho pamutamwa nemiromo, uye muviri murefu, wakakombama.

Zviratidzo zveMEN-2 ndeapi?

Zviratidzo zveMEN-2 zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nemarudzi eglands akabatwa nezvimiro zvekenza dzinoitika. Vanhu vazhinji havaoni zviratidzo mumakore ekutanga, ndosaka bvunzo yemajini nekuongororwa nguva dzose zvakakosha kwazvo kumhuri dzine mamiriro ezvinhu aya.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvinosanganisira marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekemenza anogona kuitika:

• Bumbiro kana kuzvimba pamutsipa kubva pakenza ye thyroid
• Kunetseka kumeza kana inzwi rakapfava
• Kuwedzera kweropa kusingatarisirwi kunouya nekuenda
• Kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza kana palpitations
• Kurwadziwa kwemusoro kwakasimba
• Kuwedzera kwekuparara kwemukaka
• Kunetseka kana kunzwa kutya
• Matombo emuviri kana kurwadziwa kwemapfupa kubva pakushomeka kwe calcium
• Kusvotwa kana kurasikirwa nechido chekudya
• Kushaya simba kwemhasuru kana kuneta

MuMEN-2B zvakanyanya, ungacherechedza zvidimbu pamutamwa, miromo, kana mukati memuromo mako. Vamwe vanhu vane chitarisiko chakareba, chakakombama nemiviri mirefu.

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuitika zvishoma nezvishoma kwemwedzi kana makore. Vamwe vanhu vanowana zviitiko zvinoshamisa zvechiratidzo, kunyanya izvo zvinosanganisira pheochromocytomas, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuwedzera kukuru kweropa nekumhanya kwemoyo.

Chii chinokonzera MEN-2?

MEN-2 inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwe RET gene, iyo inowanzo kubatsira kudzora kukura kweruvara nekukura. Kana gene iyi isina kushanda zvakanaka, inoudza masero akati kuti akure uye agove apo asingafanire, zvichikonzera kuumbwa kwekenza.

Kuchinja uku kwemajini kunogara kuri munzanga, zvinoreva kuti kunopfuudzwa kubva kuvabereki kuenda kuvana. Kana mumwe wevabereki vako akaita MEN-2, une mukana we50% wekugara uchitambura nechirwere ichi. Zvisinei, anenge 5% yezviitiko zveMEN-2 zvinoitika kune vanhu vasina nhoroondo yemhuri, zvichiratidza kuti mutation yakaita zvisingatarisirwi.

Gene yeRET inoshanda senge swichi inodzora nguva iyo masero anofanira kukura. MuMEN-2, swichi iyi inonamira panzvimbo ye“on”, ichikonzeresa masero ari mumaglands ako anogadzira homoni kuti awedzere zvisingadzoreki uye agadzire zvimwe zvinhu.

Marudzi akasiyana-siyana eRET gene mutations anokonzera mafomu akasiyana eMEN-2. Nzvimbo chaiyo nemhando yemutation inogona kubatsira vanachiremba kufanotaura kuti ndeapi matunhu angabatwa uye kuti chirwere ichi chingave chakasimba sei.

Nguva yekushanyira chiremba neMEN-2?

Unofanira kuona chiremba kana uine nhoroondo yemhuri yeMEN-2 kana kenza dzakabatana, kunyangwe usati uine zviratidzo. Kuonekwa kwenguva yakareba kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwemajini kunogona kuponesa hupenyu, sezvo kunobvumira kurapwa kwenguva refu usati wagadzira kenza.

Tsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza kana ukawana zviitiko zvinopfuura zvekuwedzera kweropa, kurwadziwa kwemusoro kwakasimba, kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza, kana kuwedzera kwemvere. Izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zvepheochromocytoma, iyo inogona kukonzera kuwedzera kweropa kunotyisa.

Taurawo nachiremba wako kana ukaona bhora pamutsipa wako, kuchinja kuri muzwi rako, kuoma kukurya, kana kurwadziwa kwenguva refu kwemwongo. Kunyangwe aya maratidzo angave aine zvikonzero zvakawanda, anoda kuongororwa, kunyanya kana uine njodzi dzeMEN-2.

Kana watoongororwa neMEN-2, tevera purogiramu yako yekutarisa zvakanyatsonaka. Kuongororwa kazhinji kunogona kubata zvimwe zvinhu zvisati zvaitika kana zviri nyore kurapwa.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi yeMEN-2?

Chinhu chikuru chinokonzera njodzi yeMEN-2 ndechekuva nenhoroondo yemhuri yeiyi mamiriro. Sezvo MEN-2 inogara iri munzanga mune autosomal dominant pattern, unongoda kugara uchitambura nekopy imwe chete yegene yakachinja kubva kune mumwe wevabereki kuti ubude nechirwere ichi.

Heino ndidzo njodzi huru dzatinofanira kufunga nezvadzo:

• Kuva nemunhu mukuru ane MEN-2 ( mukana we 50% we kurigadzirwa)
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yegomarara re thyroid medullary
• Nhoroondo yemhuri ye pheochromocytoma
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yezvironda zve parathyroid
• Kuzvarwa mumhuri ine mutations ye RET gene inozivikanwa

Kusiyana nemamwe mamiriro akawanda, zera, mararamiro, nezvinhu zvakatipoteredza hazvikutadze zvakanyanya mukana wako wekuwana MEN-2. Chikamu chemajini ndicho chinokosha kwazvo.

Zvisinei, kana uine mutation ye gene, zvinhu zvimwe zvinogona kukanganisa nguva iyo zviratidzo zvinoonekwa kana kuti zvakakomba sei. Kumanikidzwa, pamuviri, nezvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kutanga zviratidzo kune vanhu vane genetic predisposition kare.

Zvii zvinogona kuitika semigumisiro ye MEN-2?

Migumisiro yakakomba kwazvo ye MEN-2 ndiko kuoneka kwegomarara rakasimba, kunyanya gomarara re thyroid medullary. Pasina kuongororwa kwakakodzera nekurapwa, gomarara iri rinogona kupararira ku lymph nodes nemamwe mativi emuviri wako.

Matambudziko akawanda anogona kubva mumhando dzakasiyana dzezvironda:

• Gomara re thyroid medullary richipinda mu lymph nodes kana nhengo dziri kure
• Kusimukira kweropa kwakakomba kubva ku pheochromocytomas
• Matambudziko emoyo kubva kune zviitiko zvekuwedzera kweropa zvisina kurapwa
• Kurova kweropa kana kurwara kwemoyo panguva yekukwira kwakanyanya kweropa
• Matombo emuviri nematambudziko emwongo kubva kuzvironda zve parathyroid
• Osteoporosis yakakomba kubva kune kusawirirana kwe calcium
• Kuvharwa kwematumbo muvanhu vane chirwere che Hirschsprung

Pheochromocytomas inogona kukonzera matambudziko anotyisa panguva yekuvhiya, pamuviri, kana panguva yekumanikidzwa kwemuviri. Zvironda izvi zvinogona kutanga kuwedzera kweropa kunouraya kana zvisina kutarisirwa zvakanaka.

Mashoko akanaka ndeakuti nekutarisa kwakakodzera nekurapwa, zvimwe zvezvinetso izvi zvinogona kudzivirirwa kana kutarisirwa zvakanaka. Kuonekwa pakutanga nekurapwa kwekuvhiyiwa kunogona kubvisa njodzi yekenza zvachose mumamiriro mazhinji.

MEN-2 inoongororwa sei?

Kuongororwa kweMEN-2 kazhinji kunotanga nekuongororwa kwemajini, kunyanya kana uine nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere ichi. Kuongororwa kwesero rakareruka kunogona kuona shanduko mu RET gene uye kunosimbisa kana uine shanduko yemajini inokonzera MEN-2.

Chiremba wako achazvishandisawo bvunzo dzakawanda kuti aone kana paine zvimba uye aongorore mamiriro ako. Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuyera mahomoni chaiwo uye zviratidzo zvema tumor zvinoratidza kana paine zvimba uye kuti zviri kushanda sei.

Kudzidza kwemafomu kunobatsira kuwana uye kuongorora zvimba mumuviri wako wese. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira ultrasound yemutsipa wako, CT kana MRI scans yedumbu rako, uye scans dzakasarudzika dzinogona kuona zvimba zvinogadzira mahomoni.

Kana iwe uchitova nezviratidzo, chiremba wako anogona kuita bvunzo dzakawanda senge kuyera kumanikidza kwako kweropa panguva yezviitiko, kuongorora mazinga e calcium, kana kutora sampuli dzemafuta kubva kuzvimba zvine mhosva.

Kurapwa kweMEN-2 chii?

Kurapwa kweMEN-2 kunotarisa pakudzivirira kenza kubva kukura uye kutarisira chero zvimba zvinouya. Nzira inotsamira pane shanduko yako chaiyo yemajini, zvimba zviripo, uye hutano hwako hwese.

Kuongororwa kwemishonga kazhinji ndiko kurapwa kukuru. Kune vanhu vane shanduko dzemajini dzine njodzi yakanyanya, vanachiremba vanogona kukurudzira kubviswa kwe thyroid usati watanga kenza. Kuongororwa uku, kunonzi prophylactic thyroidectomy, kunogona kudzivirira kenza ye medullary thyroid zvachose.

Nzira dzekurapa dzinosanganisira sarudzo dzakawanda:

• Kubviswa kwetharoidi sechirwere chekudzivirira kenza yetharoidi
• Kubviswa kwePheochromocytomas kana dzikabuda
• Kuongororwa kweParathyroid nekuda kwezvinetso zvine chekuita ne calcium
• Kurapwa nemahomoni mushure mekubviswa kwe gland
• Mishonga yekudzikisa BP yekurapa pheochromocytoma
• Mishonga inorwisa kenza yakakura
• Kuongororwa nguva dzose nekuongororwa kweropa nemidziyo yekuongorora

Nguva yekuongororwa kwakakosha uye inotsamira pazera rako, rudzi rwekuchinja kwemajini, uye hunhu hwehutachiona. Timu yako yehutano ichaita basa newe kuti uone nguva yakanakisa yekuita maitiro ekudzivirira.

Mushure mekuongororwa, uchada kurapwa nemahomoni kuti udzose mahormone anogadzirwa neglands dzakabviswa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kazhinji homoni yetharoidi uye dzimwe nguva mamwe mahormoni zvichienderana nemaglands akabviswa.

Maitiro ekutarisira MEN-2 pamba?

Kutarisira MEN-2 pamba kunosanganisira kutevera chirongwa chako chekurapa zvakanyatsonaka uye kuramba uchiri pakati pezviratidzo zvako. Kutora mishonga yako yekutsiva homoni sezvakanyorwa kwakakosha pakuchengetedza hutano hwako uye simba.

Chengeta dhayari yezviratidzo kuti uteedzere chero shanduko kana zviratidzo zvitsva zvinobuda. Ruzivo urwu runobatsira timu yako yehutano kugadzirisa kurapwa kwako uye kubata matambudziko matsva nekukurumidza.

Heano mazano akakosha ekutarisira pamba:

• Tora mishonga yese sezvakanyorwa, kunyanya kutsiva mahormoni
• Tarisa BP yako nguva dzose kana uine pheochromocytomas
• Chengeta ruzivo rwekutaurirana nekukurumidza kwakagadzirira
• Chengeta kudya kwakanaka uye kurovedza muviri nguva dzose
• Pinda misangano yese yakarongwa yekutevera
• Taura zvakasununguka nemhuri yako nezve njodzi dzemajini
• Tarisa kushushikana kuburikidza nematekiniki ekusununguka kana kurairwa

Kana ukawana zviratidzo zvinouya kamwe kamwe sekusuruvara kwakanyanya kwemusoro, kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza, kana kuchinja kukuru kweropa, taura nachiremba wako pakarepo kana kutsvaka rubatsiro rwekukurumidza.

Funga nezvekubatanidzwa nemapoka ekutsigira vanhu vane MEN-2 kana mamiriro akafanana. Kubatana nevamwe vanonzwisisa zvauri kupfuura kunogona kupa rutsigiro rwepfungwa rwakakosha uye mazano anoshanda ekugadzirisa zuva nezuva.

Ungagadzirira sei kuenda kunochirapa?

Kuagadzirira kuenda kunochirapa kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana zvakanyanya kubva panguva yako nechikwata chako chehutano. Uya nehuremu hwese hwezviratidzo zvako, kusanganisira pavakatanga uye chii chinovaita zvakanaka kana zvakaipa.

Unganidza nhoroondo yemhuri yako yezvehutano, kunyanya ruzivo nezvehama dzine kenza ye thyroid, pheochromocytomas, kana mamwe matumor ane chekuita nemahomoni. Ruzivo urwu rwunokosha pakuyera njodzi yako uye kuronga kurapwa kwako.

Gadzira runyorwa rwezvinhu zvekugadzirira zvakakwana:

• Rondedzera mishonga yese iripo uye zvinowedzerwa
• Nyora zviratidzo zvako nezvikamu uye kukomba kwazvo
• Unganidza ruzivo rwenhoroondo yemhuri
• Gadzira mibvunzo nezvekuongororwa kwemajini kana sarudzo dzekurapa
• Uya nemhedzisiro yekuongororwa yapfuura uye rekodhi dzezvehutano
• Funga nezvekukoka nhengo yemhuri kuti ikutsigire
• Nyora zvinokunetsa zvikuru nezvinangwa zvako zve kurapwa

Usanetseka kubvunza mibvunzo nezve chero chinhu chisinganzwisisiki. Chikwata chako chehutano chinoda kukubatsira kuita sarudzo dzakachenjera nezve kurapwa kwako.

Kana uri kufunga nezvekuongororwa kwemajini kana kuvhiya kwekuvimba, gadzira mibvunzo nezvemabhenefiti, njodzi, uye zvimwe zvingasarudzwa. Kunzwisisa zvese zvaunogona kusarudza kunokubatsira kuita sarudzo dzakanakisa mumamiriro ako ezvinhu.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezve MEN-2?

MEN-2 chirwere chakakomba asi chinogona kudzorwa chinokanganisa mazamu ako anogadzira mahomoni. Kunyange kuziva chirwere kunogona kunzwa kwakanyanya, kufambira mberi mukuyedzwa kwemajini nekurapa kwakavandudza zvikuru mhedzisiro kune vanhu vane chirwere ichi.

Chinhu chakakosha chokurangarira ndechekuti kuonekwa pakutanga nekurapa kwakanyanya kunogona kudzivirira zvimwe zvezvinetso zvakakomba zvine chekuita neMEN-2. Kuongororwa kwemajini kunobvumira matanho ekudzivirira anogona kubvisa njodzi yekenza zvachose muzviitiko zvakawanda.

Kana uine nhoroondo yemhuri yeMEN-2 kana zvirwere zvine chekuita, usamirira kuti zviratidzo zvibude. Mazano emajini nekuyedzwa kunogona kupa ruzivo rwakakosha runotungamira sarudzo dzako dzehutano uye zvinogona kuponesa hupenyu hwako.

Kushanda pedyo nechikwata chehutano chine ruzivo mukurapa MEN-2 kunokupa mukana wakanaka wekugara zvakanaka kwenguva refu. Nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera, vanhu vakawanda vane MEN-2 vanorarama hupenyu hunowanzoitika, hune hutano.

Mibvunzo inobvunzwa kazhinji nezve MEN-2

MEN-2 inogona kurapwa here?

Kunyangwe MEN-2 pachayo isingagoni kurapwa sezvo iri chirwere chemajini, kenza nematumbu zvinokonzeresa zvinogona kazhinji kudzivirirwa kana kurapwa zvakanaka. Kuvhiya kwekudzivirira kunogona kubvisa njodzi yekuvandudza kenza dzakati zvachose. Nekutarisa kwakakodzera nekurapa, vanhu vakawanda vane MEN-2 vanorarama hupenyu hwakajairika pasina matambudziko ehutano akakomba.

Kuongororwa kwemajini kunofanira kuitwa kare sei?

Kuongororwa kwemajini kweMEN-2 kunogona kuitwa pazera ripi zvaro, kusanganisira muvana vachangoberekwa kana paine nhoroondo yemhuri inozivikanwa. Zvisinei, nguva yekuongororwa kazhinji inotsamira pazviitiko zvemhuri uye mutation chaiyo yemajini inobatanidzwa. Mimwe mhuri inosarudza kuyedza vana pakutanga kuti ibvumire kutarisirwa kwakakwana nekutarisirwa kwekudzivirira, nepo vamwe vachida kumirira kusvikira mwana akwanisa kubatanidzwa mutsarudzo.

Chii chinoitika kana ndikayedzwa ndine MEN-2?

Kuongororwa uchinge uine mutation ye gene re MEN-2 zvinoreva kuti ungangoda chirwere ichi panguva imwe, asi hazvirevi kuti une cancer ikozvino. Timu yako yekutarisira utano ichaita purogiramu yekutarisa ne kurapa yakagadzirirwa iwe pachako, iyo ingasanganisira bvunzo dzeropa dzenguva dzose, ongororo dze mifananidzo, uye zvichida kuvhiya kwekuvimba. Kuonekwa pakutanga kunobvumira sarudzo dzakanakisa dzekurapa.

Ndingava nevana here kana ndine MEN-2?

Hungu, vanhu vane MEN-2 vanogona kuva nevana, asi pane zvinhu zvikuru zvekukurukura ne timu yako yekutarisira utano. Mwana mumwe nemumwe ane mukana we 50% wekugara ne mutation ye genetic. Mazano e genetic anogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa njodzi nesarudzo, kusanganisira bvunzo dze prenatal uye kuongororwa kwe genetic usati watanga kubata pamuviri kwe avo vanoshandisa matekinoroji ekubatsira kubereka.

Ndinodikanwa sei nguva dzenguva dzokutevera?

Nguva yekutevera inotsamira pane mamiriro ako chaiwo, kusanganisira rudzi rwemutation yako ye genetic, age, uye kana wakamboita kuvhiya kwekuvimba. Kazhinji, vanhu vane MEN-2 vanoda kutarisirwa kakawanda kupfuura vanhu vakawanda, kazhinji kusanganisira bvunzo dzeropa gore negore kana kamwe chete pagore uye ongororo dzemifananidzo nguva nenguva. Timu yako yekutarisira utano ichaita purogiramu yekutarisa yakagadzirirwa iwe pachako zvichibva pane njodzi dzako pachako.