Microcephaly Chii? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Microcephaly chirwere umo musoro wemwana unenge uri mudiki zvikuru pane zvaitarisirwa maererano nemakore avo nepabonde ravo. Izvi zvinoitika kana uropi rusina kukura zvakanaka panguva yekuzvitakura kana kukura kwarwo kusingamire mushure mekuberekwa.

Kunyangwe chirwere ichi chingaita senge chinotyisa kumhuri, kunzwisisa kuti microcephaly chii uye rubatsiro ruripo runogona kukubatsira kufamba nekwakao nekuvimba kukuru nekugadzikana kwepfungwa.

Microcephaly Chii?

Microcephaly inoitika kana ukuru hwemusoro hwemwana huchiyera zvakawanda kupfuura kusiyana kwezviyero zviviri zvepamusoro pane avhareji yeboka ravo remakore. Funga nezvazvo seuropi risingasviki saizi yaro yakatarisirwa panguva yekukura.

Chirwere ichi chinotapura vana vanosvika 2 kusvika ku12 kubva kuvana 10 000 vakaberekwa pasi rose. Ukuru hwacho hunogona kusiyana zvikuru kubva kumwana kuenda kune mumwe, vamwe vana vachiona zvinhu zvishoma asi vamwe vachigona kuva nezvinetso zvikuru zvekusimukira.

Vanachiremba kazhinji vanoongorora microcephaly nekukura ukuru hwemusoro uye kuenzanisa nemachati ekukura akajairika. Chirwere ichi chinogona kuvapo panguva yekuberekwa kana kukura mumakore mashomanana ekutanga ehupenyu.

Zviratidzo zveMicrocephaly Ndezvipi?

Chiratidzo chakajeka chemicrocephaly ndicho ukuru hwemusoro mudiki pane zvakajairika. Zvisinei, chirwere ichi chinowanzova nezvimwe zviratidzo izvo vabereki nevarapi vanofanira kuziva.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvaunogona kuona zvinosanganisira:

• Musoro unoita kunge mudiki zvikuru kana uchienzaniswa nemuviri
• Kumeso kwakakombama kunotenderera kumashure
• Kukura kwemashoko nemutauro kwakaderera
• Kunetseka nehunhu hwekufamba senge kugara, kukambaira, kana kufamba
• Matambudziko ekurongeka nekuenzana
• Kushaya pfungwa kwemazinga akasiyana
• Kuita zvirwere zvekutambudzika mune dzimwe nguva

Zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitika asi zvinogona kuitika zvinosanganisira kurasikirwa nenzwi, matambudziko ekukuona, kana kunetseka pakudyisa. Vamwe vana vane microcephaly yakapfava vangave nezviratidzo zvishoma uye kukura zvakanaka, nepo vamwe vachigona kusangana nezvinetso zvikuru.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti mwana wese akasiyana, uye kuvapo kana ukuru hwemishonga hakusi kuona kukwanisa kwemwana kana kukosha kwake.

Marudzi eMicrocephaly Ndezvipi?

Microcephaly kazhinji inopatsanurwa kuva marudzi maviri makuru zvichienderana nekuti inokura riini. Kunzwisisa kusiyana uku kunogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa mamiriro emwana wako chaiwo.

Microcephaly huru, inonziwo congenital microcephaly, inoitika kana uropi rusina kukura zvakanaka panguva yekuzvitakura. Rudzi urwu runowanzo konzerwa nezvinhu zvemajini kana hutachiona panguva yekuzvitakura.

Microcephaly yechipiri inokura mushure mekuberekwa kana kukura kweuropi kuchiderera kana kumira. Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwehutachiona, kukuvara, kana zvimwe zvirwere zvinotapura kukura kweuropi muhucheche kana mukutanga kwehudiki.

Vanachiremba vanogonawo kupatsanura microcephaly seyakakomba, yakanyanya, kana yakapfava zvichienderana nekuti ukuru hwemusoro hwakaderera sei kana uchienzaniswa nekuyera kwakajairika. Kuparadzaniswa uku kunobatsira kutungamira kurapwa nekugadzirira rubatsiro.

Zvinokonzera Microcephaly Ndezvipi?

Microcephaly inogona kukura kubva kune zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokanganisa kukura kwakajairika kweuropi. Kunzwisisa zvinokonzera izvi kunogona kubatsira kutsanangura kuti nei chirwere ichi chakaitika, kunyangwe dzimwe nguva chikonzero chaicho chisingazivikanwi.

Zvinokonzera zvemajini zvinokonzera zviitiko zvakawanda uye zvinosanganisira:

• Kuwedzerwa kwemajini anopfuudzwa kubva kuvabereki kuenda kuvana
• Kusagadzikana kwechromosomal senge Down syndrome
• Zvirwere zvisingawanzoitika zvemajini zvinotapura kukura kweuropi
• Kuwedzerwa kwemajini matsva kunoitika zvisingatarisirwi

Hutachiona panguva yekuzvitakura hunogona zvakare kutungamira ku microcephaly:

• Zika virus infection, iyo yakakwezva hanya mumakore achangopfuura
• Cytomegalovirus (CMV), hutachiona hunowanzoitika hunogona kukuvadza panguva yekuzvitakura
• Toxoplasmosis kubva pakubata nemarara akaiswa nekatsi kana nyama isina kubikwa zvakanaka
• Rubella (German measles) kana amai vasina kuve vakatariswa
• Herpes simplex virus mune dzimwe nguva

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuita kuti zviitike zvinosanganisira kushomeka kwezvokudya panguva yekuzvitakura, kubatwa nezvinhu zvinokuvadza senge doro kana zvinodhaka, kana matambudziko panguva yekuzvarwa anoderedza oksijeni kuuropi hwemwana.

Mune zviitiko zvakawanda, vanachiremba vanoshanda zvakanyanya kuti vaone chikonzero chiripo, sezvo ruzivo urwu runogona kubatsira kutungamira sarudzo dzekurapa uye hurukuro dzekuronga mhuri.

Rini Unoofanira Kuona Chiremba Nezve Microcephaly?

Kana ukaona kuti musoro wemwana wako unoita kunge mudiki pane vamwe vana vemakore avo, zvinokosha kutaura nachiremba wako wevana. Kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kunogona kuita musiyano mukuru mukukura kwemwana wako.

Unofanira kuronga kupinda kana ukaona zviratidzo zvakaderera senge kugara kwakare, kufamba, kana kutaura, kuita zvirwere zvekutambudzika kana kufamba kusina kujairika, kunetseka pakudyisa, kana kana mwana wako achiona kunge ane dambudziko rekuona kana kunzwa zvakanaka.

Kuongororwa kwevana kazhinji kunosanganisira kuyera ukuru hwemusoro, saka chiremba wako anogona kuona chero matambudziko panguva yekushanya kwakajairika. Zvisinei, vimba nepfungwa dzako semubereki kana chimwe chinhu chichiita kunge chakasiyana nezve kukura kwemwana wako.

Yeuka kuti kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba hazvirevi kuti chimwe chinhu chakaipa chakaitika. Vanachiremba varipo kuti vakubatsire uye kupa mhinduro, kuvimbiswa, kana kurapwa kwakakodzera sezvinodiwa.

Zvinhu Zvinowedzera Ngozi yeMicrocephaly Ndezvipi?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wekuva nemwana ane microcephaly. Kuziva zvinhu izvi zvinowedzera ngozi kunobatsira pakudzivirira nekugadzirira nekukurumidza, kunyangwe kuva nezvinhu zvinowedzera ngozi hazvirevi kuti chirwere ichi chichaitika.

Zvinhu zveamai zvinogona kuwedzera ngozi zvinosanganisira:

• Kuita hutachiona hweZika, CMV, kana mamwe mavhairasi anokuvadza panguva yekuzvitakura
• Kuva nedenda risina kudzorwa zvakanaka
• Kushomeka kwezvokudya kana kusakwana kwekuchengetwa kwevana vasati vaberekwa
• Kunwa doro kana kushandisa zvinodhaka panguva yekuzvitakura
• Kubata nezvinhu zvinokuvadza kana mwaranzi
• Kuva nezvimwe zvirwere zvemajini

Nhoroondo yemhuri inototambawo basa, sezvo mamwe marudzi e microcephaly achifamba mumhuri. Zera guru remai uye matambudziko panguva yekuzvitakura kana kuberekwa zvinogona kuwedzera ngozi.

Vakadzi vazhinji vane zvinhu izvi zvinowedzera ngozi vachiri kuva nevana vane utano, saka kuva nezvinhu zvinowedzera ngozi hazvirevi kuti microcephaly ichaitika. Kuchengetwa kwakanaka kwevana vasati vaberekwa uye mararamiro ane utano anogona kubatsira kuderedza njodzi dzakawanda idzi.

Matambudziko Anogona Kuitika eMicrocephaly Ndezvipi?

Vana vane microcephaly vanogona kusangana nezvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana sezvo vakakura, kunyangwe ukuru hwacho huchisiyana zvikuru kubva kumwana kuenda kumwana. Kunzwisisa matambudziko anogona kuitika kunobatsira mhuri kugadzirira uye kutsvaga rubatsiro rwakakodzera.

Matambudziko ekukura anogona kusanganisira:

• Kushaya pfungwa kubva pakapfava kusvika kune yakakomba
• Kukura kwemashoko nemutauro kwakaderera
• Matambudziko ehunhu hwekufamba nekukurongeka
• Kunetseka kudzidza mumakirasi
• Matambudziko enharaunda nemagariro

Matambudziko ezvokurapa anogona kuitika dzimwe nguva:

• Zvirwere zvekutambudzika zvinoda kurapwa kwenguva refu
• Matambudziko ekukuona kana kunzwa
• Kunetseka pakudyisa nekukura kwemuviri kwakaderera
• Matambudziko ekurara
• Kuwedzera kwekutambudzika kwehutachiona hwekufema

Kunyangwe runyorwa urwu runogona kuita senge runotyisa, vana vazhinji vane microcephaly vanorarama hupenyu hunogutsa nerubatsiro rwakakodzera nekutarisirwa. Mabasa ekutanga ekurapa, mapurogiramu ekudzidzisa akasarudzika, uye kurapwa kwemishonga kunogona kubatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko mazhinji aya zvakanyanya.

Microcephaly Inooongororwa Sei?

Kuongorora microcephaly kunosanganisira kuyera kwakanyanya uye dzimwe nguva kuongororwa kuwedzerwa kunzwisisa chikonzero chiripo. Maitiro acho anowanzo tanga nekuyera kwakapfava kwemukuru hwemusoro panguva yekuongororwa kwakajairika.

Mupi wako wehutano achayeuka ukuru hwemusoro hwemwana wako uye kuisa pachati yekukura yakajairwa. Kana kuyera kuchigara kwakaderera pane zvakatarisirwa, kuongororwa kuwedzerwa kunogona kukurudzirwa.

Kuongororwa kuwedzerwa kunogona kusanganisira kudzidza kwemaitiro europi senge ultrasound, CT scans, kana MRIs kuti uone chimiro cheuropi. Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kutarisa zvirwere zvemajini kana uchapupu hwehutachiona. Dzimwe nguva mazano emajini nekuongororwa kunobatsira kuona zvikonzero zvakaparadzwa.

Panguva yekuzvitakura, microcephaly inogona dzimwe nguva kuonekwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwe ultrasound, kunyanya mune nhanho dzekupedzisira. Zvisinei, zviitiko zvishoma hazvingave zvakajeka kusvika mushure mekuberekwa.

Maitiro ekuongorora ane chinangwa chekuona kwete chete kuti microcephaly iripo, asi zvakare kuti chii chingave chaikonzeresa uye kuti ungabatsira sei kukura kwemwana wako.

Kurapa kweMicrocephaly Chii?

Parizvino, hapana mushonga we microcephaly, asi kurapwa kwakasiyana-siyana uye zviito zvinogona kubatsira vana kusvika pakukwanisa kwavo kwakazara. Chinangwa ndechekutsigira kukura nekugadzirisa chero zviratidzo kana matambudziko akaenderana.

Mabasa ekutanga ekurapa anoumba hwaro hwekurapa uye anogona kusanganisira:

• Kurapa kwemuviri kuti uwedzere hunhu hwekufamba nekukurongeka
• Kurapa kwemishonga kuti ubatsire nehunhu hwezuva nezuva
• Kurapa kwemashoko kuti ubatsire kukura kwekukurukurirana
• Mabasa ekudzidzisa akasarudzika akagadzirirwa zvinodiwa nemwana wako
• Kurapa kwemishonga kuti ugadzirise matambudziko enharaunda nemagariro

Kurapwa kwemishonga kunotarisa pakugadzirisa matambudziko:

• Mishonga yekurapa zvirwere zvekutambudzika kana mwana wako akaita epilepsy
• Kurapa kwematambudziko ekukuona kana kunzwa
• Rutsigiro rwezvokudya zvekunetseka pakudyisa
• Kuongororwa nguva dzose nekutarisirwa kwakadzivirira

Timu yekurapa inowanzo sanganisira vanachiremba vevana, vanachiremba vezveuropi, nyanzvi dzekukura, varapi, nevadzidzisi vanoshanda pamwe chete. Maitiro ekubatana uku anoona kuti mwana wako ari kugamuchira kutarisirwa kwakazara kunogadzirisa zvese zvikamu zvekusimukira kwake.

Nzira Yekupa Kutarisirwa Kweimba yeMicrocephaly

Kuita nharaunda yemhuri inotsigira kunogona kukanganisa zvikuru kukura kwemwana wako uye mhando yehupenyu. Mabasa ari nyore ezuva nezuva uye maitiro anogona kuva zvishandiso zvine simba zvekusimudzira kukura nekudzidza.

Tarisa pakupa zvakawanda zvekusimudzira kunzwa kuburikidza nekuverenga, kuimba, uye kutamba pamwe chete. Gadzira maitiro akasimba anobatsira mwana wako kunzwa akachengeteka uye kuziva kuti chii chaatarisira zuva rese.

Shanda pedyo netimu yekurapa yemwana wako kuti usanganise maekisesaizi akakurudzirwa nemaitiro muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kutambanudza kwakakosha, mitambo inokurudzira hunhu hwekufamba, kana nzira dzekukurukurirana.

Cherechedza zvinodiwa nemwana wako uye mano, uchifarira kukunda duku nekufambira mberi. Vamwe vana vanogona kuda nguva yakawanda yekudyisa, nepo vamwe vachigona kubatsirwa nemitambo yakagadziridzwa kana michina.

Usakanganwa kutarisira iwe nemhuri yako. Kukura mwana ane zvinodiwa zvakasarudzika kunogona kuva kunakidza asi zvakare kunotyisa, saka kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kumhuri, shamwari, kana mapoka ekutsigira kwakakosha.

Microcephaly Inogona Kudzivirirwa Sei?

Kunyangwe zviitiko zvese zve microcephaly zvisingagone kudzivirirwa, nhanho dzakawanda panguva yekuzvitakura dzinogona kuderedza njodzi. Kuchengetwa kwakanaka kwevana vasati vaberekwa uye mararamiro ane utano anoita musiyano mukuru.

Matanho ekudzivirira anosanganisira kuve wakatariswa kurwisa rubella usati wazvitakura uye kudzivisa kuenda kunzvimbo dzine hutachiona hweZika virus. Ita kuchena kwakanaka kudzivirira hutachiona, kunyanya padivi pemakati (njodzi yetoxoplasmosis) nevana vaduku (njodzi yeCMV).

Chengeta mararamiro ane utano nekudzivisa doro nezvinodhaka, kudya zvokudya zvine utano zvine folic acid yakakwana, kugadzirisa zvirwere zvinoramba zvichiitika senge denda, uye kupinda misangano yese yekuzvitakura yekutarisa nguva dzose.

Kana uine nhoroondo yemhuri ye microcephaly kana zvirwere zvemajini, funga nezve mazano emajini usati wazvitakura. Izvi zvinogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa njodzi dzako uye kuita sarudzo dzakachenjera nezve kuronga mhuri.

Kutora matanho aya hakuvimbiswi kudzivirira, asi zvinoderedza zvikuru mukana we microcephaly nezvimwe zvinetso zvakawanda zvekuzvitakura.

Ungagadzirira Sei Kunoenda Kunoona Chiremba?

Kuva wakagadzirira zvakanaka kumisangano yechiremba kunobatsira kuona kuti uri kugamuchira ruzivo rwakabatsira uye rutsigiro rwako rwako. Kugadzirira kwakapfava kunogona kuita kuti kushanya uku kuve kunobatsira uye kusina kunetseka.

Usati wapinda, nyora mibvunzo yako nematambudziko kuti usakanganwe chinhu chakakosha. Chengeta rekodhi yezviratidzo zvemwana wako, maitiro, kana zvikamu zvekusimukira zvawaona.

Uya nechero rekodhi dzekurapa dzapfuura, mhinduro dzekuongorora, kana mashumo kubva kune vamwe vanachiremba kana varapi. Kana zvichibvira, uya nerunyorwa rwemishonga iripo kana zvinowedzerwa zvinotorwa nemwana wako.

Funga nezvekukoka nhengo yemhuri inotsigira kana shamwari inogona kukubatsira kuyeuka ruzivo rwakataurwa panguva yekushanya. Dzimwe nguva kuva nemakumbo ekuwedzera kunokosha pakugadzirisa ruzivo rwechiremba.

Usazengurire kukumbira kujeka kana usinganzwisisi chimwe chinhu. Vanachiremba vanoda kuona kuti unzwisisa zvizere mamiriro emwana wako nesarudzo dzekurapa.

Chii Chinonyanya Kukosha Nezve Microcephaly?

Microcephaly chirwere chinotapura kukura kweuropi, zvichiguma neukuru hwemusoro mudiki pane zvakajairika uye matambudziko ekukura anogona kuitika. Kunyangwe chirwere ichi chingaita senge chinotyisa, vana vazhinji vane microcephaly vanorarama hupenyu hunofadza, hunogutsa nerutsigiro rwakakodzera nekutarisirwa.

Mabasa ekutanga ekurapa uye mabasa ekurapa nguva dzose anogona kuita musiyano mukuru mukubatsira vana kusvika pakukwanisa kwavo. Mwana wese akasiyana, uye ukuru hwemishonga hunosiyana zvikuru kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe.

Yeuka kuti hausi wega mufambiro uyu. Mapoka ekurapa, varapi, vadzidzisi, nemapoka ekutsigira aripo kuti akubatsire iwe nemwana wako kufamba nematambudziko uye kufarira kukunda kwauri munzira.

Nerudo, kushivirira, uye rutsigiro rwakakodzera, vana vane microcephaly vanogona kuramba vachidzidza, kukura, uye kuunza mufaro kumhuri dzavo nemagariro avo.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo Kubvunzwa Nezve Microcephaly

Vana vane microcephaly vanogona kurarama hupenyu hunowanzoitika here?

Vana vazhinji vane microcephaly vanogona kurarama hupenyu hunogutsa, kunyangwe zvavari kuita zvingave zvakasiyana nekukura kwakajairika. Mhedziso inotsamira pakukomba kwechirwere uye kuti mabasa ekutanga ekurapa anotanga riini. Vamwe vana vane microcephaly yakapfava vangave nezvipingamupinyi zvishoma, nepo vamwe vachida rubatsiro rwakawanda nemabasa ezuva nezuva. Nerutsigiro rwakakodzera, kurapwa, uye rutsigiro rwemhuri, vana vanogona kazhinji kupfuura zvaitarisirwa pakutanga uye kukura hukama hunoremekedzwa nemano.

Microcephaly inogara yakabatana nekushaya pfungwa here?

Kwete nguva dzose, kunyangwe kushaya pfungwa kuri kazhinji kwakabatana ne microcephaly. Ukuru hwekukanganisa kwepfungwa hunosiyana zvikuru zvichienderana nekuti kukura kweuropi kwakakanganiswa sei. Vamwe vana vangave nekunetseka kudzidza kwakapfava, nepo vamwe vachigona kuva nezvinetso zvikuru zvepfungwa. Kutanga nekukurumidza uye rutsigiro rwakaramba rwuripo kunogona kubatsira vana kuwedzera mano avo epfungwa pasinei nekwavakatanga.

Microcephaly inogona kuonekwa panguva yekuzvitakura here?

Dzimwe nguva microcephaly inogona kuonekwa panguva yekuzvitakura kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwe ultrasound, kazhinji mune trimester yechipiri kana yechitatu. Zvisinei, zviitiko zvishoma hazvingave zvakajeka kusvika mushure mekuberekwa kana kunyange gare gare muhucheche. Kugona kuiona usati wazvarwa kunotsamira pakukomba uye kuti chirwere ichi chinokura riini. Kuongororwa nguva dzose kwevana vasati vaberekwa kunosanganisira kutarisa kukura kwemwana, kusanganisira ukuru hwemusoro.

Mwana wangu ane microcephaly achakwanisa kupinda chikoro chakajairika here?

Nzvimbo yekudzidza inotsamira pakukwanisa kwemwana wako nezvinodiwa. Vamwe vana vane microcephaly yakapfava vanogona kupinda mukirasi dzakajairika nerutsigiro rwuripo, nepo vamwe vachibatsirwa nemabasa ekudzidzisa akasarudzika kana makore akasarudzika. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuwana nharaunda yekudzidza yakakodzera inokonzera mwana wako zvakakodzera ichigovera rutsigiro rwakakosha. Makore mazhinji anopa sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugadzirisa kuti abatsire vana kubudirira.

Mabasa ekutsigira aripo kumhuri dzakabatwa ne microcephaly nde api?

Mabasa mazhinji ekutsigira aripo kubatsira mhuri kufamba ne microcephaly. Mapurogiramu ekutanga ekurapa anopa mabasa ekurapa kune vacheche nevana vaduku. Mabasa ekudzidzisa akasarudzika anotsigira vana vekusekondari. Mhuri dzakawanda dzine mapoka ekutsigira kwaunogona kusangana nevamwe vanosangana nematambudziko akafanana. Mapoka ekurapa, vashandi vezvemagariro, nevatariri vekesi vanogona kubatsira kuronga mabasa uye kupa zviwanikwa. Uyezve, masangano mazhinji asina purofiti anopa ruzivo, kusimudzira, uye mapurogiramu ekubatsira mari.