Chii Chinonzi Patent Ductus Arteriosus? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) chirwere chemwoyo umo ropa rinotakura ropa rinofanira kuvhara mushure mekuberekwa rinoramba rakazaruka. Kuvhurwa uku, kunonzi ductus arteriosus, kazhinji kunojoinha midziyo miviri mikuru yeropa pedyo nemwoyo panguva yekuzvitakura kuti kubatsira ropa kupfuura mapapu emwana. Kana risina kuvhara zvakakwana mushure mekuberekwa, rinogona kukanganisa kuti ropa rinoyerera sei mumwoyo mako nemapapu.

Chii Chinonzi Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

Patent ductus arteriosus inoitika kana kubatana kwemoyo kwemhando yepanyama kusina kuvhara sezvakafanira mushure mekuberekwa. Panguva yekuzvitakura, vana havana kuda kushandisa mapapu avo kuti vatore oksijeni, saka mudziyo uyu unobatsira ropa kupfuura mapapu zvachose.

Kana mwana aberekwa otanga kufema, kubatana uku kunofanira kuvhara mukati kwemazuva mashomanana ekutanga ehupenyu. Kana ikaramba yakavhurika, ropa rinoyerera pakati pe aorta (tsinga huru yeropa muviri) uye pulmonary artery (inounza ropa kuenda kumapapu).

Kuyerera uku kwakawanda kweropa kunowedzera kumanikidza pamwoyo nemapapu nekufamba kwenguva. Chirwere ichi chinogona kubva pazviitiko zvishoma zvisingakanganisi hupenyu hwezuva nezuva kusvika kune zvakakomba zvinoda kurapwa kwemishonga.

Ndeapi Zviratidzo zvePatent Ductus Arteriosus?

Vanhu vazhinji vane PDAs diki havaoni zviratidzo zvachose, kunyanya panguva yehudiki. Kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa, kazhinji zvinoonekwa zvishoma nezvishoma sezvo mwoyo ichishanda zvakanyanya kupomba ropa rakawanda.

Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvaunogona kuona zvinosanganisira:

• Kushomeka kwekufema, kunyanya panguva yekutamba kana kurovedza muviri
• Kuneta nyore kupfuura kazhinji panguva yebasa rezuva nezuva
• Kurova kwemwoyo nekukurumidza kana kusina kururama kwaunonzwa
• Kuchacha kupfuura kazhinji, kunyanya panguva yekudyisa muvana vacheche
• Kukura kwakaderera kana kukura kwakaderera muvana
• Kunetseka kazhinji kwemapapu kana pneumonia

Muitiko wakakomba, unogona kuona kurwadziwa pabvudzi kana kunzwa mwoyo wako uchikurumidza kunyangwe uri kuzorora. Vamwe vanhu vanoona ruvara rwebhuruu paganda ravo, miromo, kana misumari, izvo zvinoitika kana pasina oksijeni yakakwana mweropa.

Zviratidzo izvi kazhinji zvinoonekwa zvakanyanya sezvaunokura, sezvo mwoyo yave ichishanda zvakanyanya kwemakore mazhinji. Mashoko akanaka ndeawo kuti kuziva zviratidzo izvi pakutanga kunogona kukubatsira kuwana kurapwa kwakakodzera.

Chii Chinokonzera Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

Patent ductus arteriosus inoitika kana maitiro ekugadzirisa akajairika mushure mekuberekwa asingashande zvakanaka, asi vanachiremba havazivi nguva dzose kuti nei izvi zvichiitika. Ductus arteriosus inofanira kuvhara pachayo mukati memazuva 2-3 mushure mekuberekwa sezvo mazinga eoksijeni achiwedzera uye mamwe mahomoni achichinja.

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wePDA kukura:

• Kuberekwa kwenguva isati yakwana - vana vanoberekwa vasati vasvika mavhiki 37 vane mukana mukuru wekuva nePDA
• Kuberekwa munzvimbo dzakakwirira umo mazinga eoksijeni ari pasi
• Kuve nemamwe mamiriro ehutsika senge Down syndrome
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yekukanganisika kwemoyo
• Kutapukirwa naamai ne rubella panguva yekuzvitakura
• Shuga yeamai kana kudzora kwakaipa kweropa panguva yekuzvitakura
• Mishonga yakatorwa panguva yekuzvitakura

Vana vacheche vanoberekwa vasati vasvika nguva ndivo vane njodzi yakanyanya nekuti ductus arteriosus yavo haina kuva nenguva yakakwana yekukura kugona kuvhara zvakanaka. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, madziro emudziyo pachawo anogona kuva nematambudziko emuviri anovhara kuvharwa kwakajairika.

Kazhinji, PDA inoitika pasina chikonzero chakajeka, uye zvakakosha kuziva kuti hapana chawakaita iwe kana vabereki vako chakakonzera chirwere ichi kukura.

Rini Unofanira Kuona Chiremba wePatent Ductus Arteriosus?

Unofanira kubata nachiremba wako kana ukaona chero zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuti mwoyo wako ingave ichishanda zvakanyanya kupfuura kazhinji. Izvi zvakakosha kana uine kushomeka kwekufema panguva yebasa raimboita nyore.

Tsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza kana uine:

• Kurwadziwa pabvudzi kana kumanikidzwa, kunyanya nemabasa
• Kushomeka kwakanyanya kwekufema kana kunetseka kufema
• Kuora kana kunzwa sekunge ungafa
• Kuwedzera uremu kana kuzvimba mumitsipa, makwati, kana mudumbu
• Ruvara rwebhuruu pamiromo yako, misumari, kana ganda

Kune vabereki, zvakakosha kutarisa zviratidzo muvana senge kudya kwakaipa, kuchacha kwakanyanya panguva yekudya, kana kusawedzera uremu sezvakatarisirwa. Kunetseka kazhinji kwemapapu kana kuoneka kuneta kupfuura vamwe vana panguva yekutamba zvinogonawo kuva zviratidzo zvekutyisidzira.

Kunyangwe zviratidzo zvichiita zvishoma, kuongororwa pakutanga kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira matambudziko gare gare. Chiremba wako anogona kuona kana zviratidzo zvako zvine chekuita nePDA kana chimwe chinhu zvachose.

Ndeapi Matambudziko Ekutyisidzira ePatent Ductus Arteriosus?

Kana PDA iri diki, vanhu vazhinji vanorarama hupenyu hunowanzoitika pasina matambudziko. Zvisinei, kuvhurwa kukuru kunogona kukonzera matambudziko nekufamba kwenguva sezvo mwoyo nemapapu zvichiita zvakanyanya kubata nekuyerera kwakawanda kweropa.

Matambudziko akajairika aunogona kusangana nawo anosanganisira:

• Kukundikana kwemwoyo - kana mwoyo wako yava yakasimba zvakanyanya kupomba ropa zvinobudirira
• Kumanikidzwa kwakakwira kweropa mumapapu (pulmonary hypertension)
• Kusaenzana kwemwoyo (arrhythmias)
• Kuwedzera mukana wekutapukirwa kwemwoyo (endocarditis)
• Kurova nerokupa ropa
• Eisenmenger syndrome - mamiriro asingawanzoitika asi akakomba umo kuyerera kweropa kunodzokera shure

Kukundikana kwemwoyo kazhinji kunokura zvishoma nezvishoma kwemakore mazhinji. Unogona kuona kuneta kwakawedzera, kuzvimba mumitsipa kana mudumbu, kana kunetseka kufema kana uri kurara wakarara.

Pulmonary hypertension inoitika kana kuyerera kwakawanda kweropa kukanganisa midziyo midiki yeropa mumapapu ako. Izvi zvinogona kuva zvisingadzorerwi pakupedzisira, ndosaka kurapwa pakutanga kwakakosha kwazvo kune PDAs huru.

Mashoko akanaka ndeawo kuti matambudziko mazhinji anogona kudzivirirwa nekurapwa kwakakodzera. Kunyangwe matambudziko akaitika, mazhinji anogona kutarisirwa zvinobudirira nemishonga nekuchinja mararamiro.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus Inoziiwa Sei?

Kuziva PDA kazhinji kunotanga kana chiremba wako akanzwa inzwi risina kujairika remwoyo rinonzi murmur pakuongororwa kwemazuva ose. Murmur iyi ine hunhu hwakasiyana “hwemamiriro-se” hunozivikanwa nevanachiremba vane ruzivo.

Chiremba wako achapa bvunzo dzakati kuti kuti aone kuti chirwere ichi chakakomba sei. Echocardiogram kazhinji ndiyo bvunzo yekutanga uye inokosha - inoshandisa mafungu eropa kugadzira mifananidzo inofamba yemwoyo wako.

Bvunzo dzimwe dzinosanganisira:

• Chest X-ray kuongorora saizi yemwoyo nemamiriro emapapu
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) kuyera basa remagetsi remwoyo wako
• Cardiac catheterization yekuyera kumanikidzwa kwakakwana
• CT scan kana MRI yemifananidzo yakakwana yemwoyo
• Pulse oximetry kuongorora mazinga eoksijeni mweropa rako

Echocardiogram inogona kuratidza kuti kuvhurwa kuri kupi, kukuru sei, uye kuti ropa riri kuyerera kupi. Mashoko aya anobatsira chiremba wako kusarudza kana kurapwa kunodiwa uye rudzii rwunenge ruchashanda zvakanaka.

Dzimwe nguva PDA inowanikwa panguva yekuzvitakura kuburikidza ne fetal echocardiography, kunyanya kana mamwe matambudziko emwoyo achifungidzirwa. Muzvimwe zviitiko, ingave isingazivikanwe kusvika pakuakura kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa kana panguva yekuongororwa kwemamwe matambudziko ehutano.

Kurapa kwePatent Ductus Arteriosus Kudii?

Kurapa kwePDA kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei, kusanganisira saizi yekuvhurwa, zera rako, uye kana uri kuona zviratidzo. PDAs diki dzisingakonzere matambudziko dzinogona kungoda kuongororwa nguva nenguva pasina chero kupindira.

Kune PDAs dzinodiwa kurapwa, une sarudzo dzakati wandei:

• Mishonga yekubatsira kuvhara ductus, kunyanya muvana vacheche vanoberekwa vasati vasvika nguva
• Transcatheter closure uchishandisa chishandiso chidiki chinopinda mudziyo reropa
• Kuvhara kwemishonga kuburikidza nekucheka diki pabvudzi
• Mishonga yekutarisira zviratidzo senge kukundikana kwemwoyo kana kumanikidzwa kwakakwira kweropa

Indomethacin imishonga inogona dzimwe nguva kubatsira ductus kuvhara pachayo muvana vacheche vaduku kwazvo. Izvi zvinoshanda zvakanaka mukati memazuva ekutanga ehupenyu uye zvinobudirira kwazvo muvana vacheche vanoberekwa vasati vasvika nguva.

Transcatheter closure yave kurapwa kunonyanya kufarirwa kune mazhinji PDAs anoda kupindira. Panguva yekurapa uku, cardiologist anoita kuti chishandiso chidiki chekuvhara chipinde mudziyo reropa kuti chivhure kuvhurwa. Izvi zvinoitwa uri pasi peanesthesia, asi hazvidi kuvhiya kwakavhurika.

Kuvhara kwemishonga kunogona kukurudzirwa kana PDA iri hombe kana yakagadzirwa nenzira inoita kuti transcatheter closure ive yakaoma. Kuvhiya kunosanganisira kuita kucheka diki pakati pemasumbu ako kuti usvike pamwoyo uye uvhure kuvhurwa zvachose.

Nzira Yekutarisira Iwe Pamba nePatent Ductus Arteriosus?

Kana uine PDA diki isingadi kurapwa nekukurumidza, kune zvinhu zvakati wandei zvaunogona kuita pamba kuti urambe uine hutano uye uongorore mamiriro ako. Chinhu chikuru kuchengetedza hutano hwemwoyo hwakanaka uchitarisa chero kuchinja muzviratidzo zvako.

Heano mamwe matanho ekutarisira ega:

• Rambai muchiita zvemitambo zvakajairika, zvine mwero sezvakabvumirwa nachiremba wako
• Idya kudya kwakanaka kwemwoyo kwakapfuma mumazai, miriwo, uye zviyo zvizere
• Chengetera uremu hwakanaka kuderedza kumanikidza pamwoyo wako
• Dzivisa kusvuta uye deredza kushandisa doro
• Tora mishonga yakanyorwa zvakakwana sezvakarongwa
• Ita kuchengetedza mazino kwakanaka kudzivirira kutapukirwa
• Tora jekiseni dzakakurudzirwa, kunyanya ye pneumonia neinfluenza

Zvakakosha kuziva miganho yako kana zvasvika pakurovedza muviri. Kunyangwe kurovedza muviri kuri kunaka kazhinji, unofanira kurega worora kana uchinzwa kushomeka kwekufema, kusvotwa, kana kurwadziwa pabvudzi.

Chengetedza chero zviratidzo zvitsva kana kuchinja pakunzwa kwako panguva yebasa rezuva nezuva. Vamwe vanhu vanoona zviri nyore kunyora zuva nezuva vachicherechedza mazinga avo e simba, kufema, uye chero manzwiro asingawanzoitika.

Ita shuwa kuti unopinda misangano yese yakarongwa yekutevera nachiremba wako we cardiologist, kunyangwe uri kunzwa zvakanaka. Kuongororwa nguva nenguva kunobatsira kubata chero kuchinja pakutanga uye kunoita kuti chirongwa chako chekurapa chirambe chakakodzera.

Ungagadzirira Sei Kune Chiremba Wako?

Kuagadzirira zvakanaka kune chiremba wako we cardiologist kunogona kukubatsira kuti uwane zvakanyanya kubva pakushanya kwako uye kuita kuti chiremba wako ave nemashoko ese anodiwa kuti ape hanya yakanaka. Tanga nekuunganidza chero mibairo yebvunzo yapfuura kana rekodhi yekurapa ine chekuita nemamiriro ako emwoyo.

Usati wasvika pachiremba wako, nyora pasi:

• Zviratidzo zvese zvawakasangana nazvo, kunyangwe zvichiita zvishoma
• Zviratidzo zvinoitika uye zvinhu zvinozviita zvakanaka kana zvakanyanya kuipa
• Mishonga yese uye zvinowedzerwa zviri kutora iwe iye zvino
• Mibvunzo yaunoda kubvunza chiremba wako
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yako yematambudziko emwoyo
• Chero kuchinja kwakaitwa munguva pfupi yapfuura mumaitiro ako ekurovedza muviri kana maitiro ezuva nezuva

Funga nezve mienzaniso chaiyo yezviratidzo zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva. Semuenzaniso, unogona kukwira matanho usina kupera simba here? Unoda zororo panguva yebasa rawaimboita nyore here?

Uya nechero runyorwa rwemishonga yako iripo, kusanganisira mazita chaiwo, mazai, uye kuti kazhinji unotora sei. Usakanganwa kusanganisira mishonga yekutengesa, mavhitamini, nezvinowedzerwa zvemuriwo.

Funga nezvekutora nhengo yemhuri yakavimbika kana shamwari inogona kukubatsira kuyeuka mashoko akakosha akataurwa panguva yekushanya. Vanogonawo kufunga nezve mibvunzo yausingafunge.

Chii Chinonyanya Kukosha Nezve Patent Ductus Arteriosus?

Patent ductus arteriosus chirwere chemwoyo chinogona kutarisirwa chinoita kuti vanhu vave vakasiyana zvichienderana nehukuru hwekuvhurwa nezvinhu zvemunhu. Vanhu vazhinji vane PDAs diki vanorarama hupenyu hunowanzoitika zvachose, nepo vamwe vachibatsirwa zvikuru nekurapwa kunogona kuitwa pasina kuvhiya kukuru.

Chinhu chakakosha chokurangarira ndechekuti kuonekwa pakutanga nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera kunogona kudzivirira matambudziko mazhinji. Kana uine zviratidzo senge kushomeka kwekufema kusina kujairika kana kuneta, usambotya kutaura navo nachiremba wako.

Kurapa kwemazuva ano kwePDA kunobudirira kwazvo uye kushoma kupfuura zvaimboita. Vanhu vazhinji vanoda kurapwa vanoramba vachirarama hupenyu hunoshanda, hune hutano nemiganho shoma.

Rambai muchibatana nechikwata chenyu chehutano, teverai mazano avo, uye musarega kunetseka nezve mamiriro ako kukuvadza kufara kwako. Nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera nekuongororwa, PDA haifanire kukanganisa zvinangwa zvako kana mabasa zvakanyanya.

Mibvunzo Inobvunzwa Kazhinji Nezve Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Q1: Patent ductus arteriosus inogona kuvhara pachayo here muvakuru?

Zvinosuruvarisa, PDAs haivhari zvishoma nezvishoma muvakuru. Kunyangwe ductus arteriosus inogona dzimwe nguva kuvhara pachayo mukati memwedzi mishomanana yekutanga yehupenyu, kunyanya nekubatsirwa kwemishonga muvana vacheche vanoberekwa vasati vasvika nguva, izvi hazviitike mushure megore rekutanga. Kana uri mukuru ane PDA, kuvhurwa uku kunogona kuramba kuripo kunze kwekunge kuvharwa nekurapwa kwemishonga. Zvisinei, vakuru vazhinji vane PDAs diki vanorarama hupenyu hunowanzoitika pasina kudiwa kurapwa.

Q2: Zvakachengeteka here kurovedza muviri kana ndine patent ductus arteriosus?

Vanhu vazhinji vane PDA vanogona kurovedza muviri zvakachengeteka, asi rudzi uye simba zvinoenderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo. Kana uine PDA diki isina zviratidzo, kazhinji unogona kuita mabasa ese akajairika anosanganisira mitambo yekukwikwidzana. Zvisinei, kana uine PDA huru kana zviratidzo senge kushomeka kwekufema, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kudzivisa mabasa ane simba kwazvo. Gara uchitaura nezvezvirongwa zvako zve kurovedza muviri nachiremba wako kuti uwane mazano akakodzera zvichienderana nemamiriro ako.

Q3: Vakadzi vane patent ductus arteriosus vanogona kuva nepakubata pamuviri zvakachengeteka here?

Vakadzi vazhinji vane PDA vanogona kuva nepakubata pamuviri zvakachengeteka, zvine hutano, asi izvi zvinoenderana nehukuru hwePDA yako uye kana uine matambudziko. PDAs diki kazhinji haikonzere matambudziko panguva yekuzvitakura. Zvisinei, PDAs huru kana dzinosangana ne pulmonary hypertension dzinogona kuita kuti pakubata pamuviri pave nenjodzi. Kana uri kuronga kuva nepamuviri, taura izvi nachiremba wako we cardiologist ne obstetrician usati watanga kuti ugadzire chirongwa chekuchengetedza chakachengeteka.

Q4: Mwana wangu achaguma here ane patent ductus arteriosus kana ndine?

Kunyangwe PDA inogona dzimwe nguva kuve nemhuri, vana vazhinji vevabereki vane PDA havawiri chirwere ichocho. Njodzi yakakwira zvishoma pane muhuwandu hwevanhu, asi ichiri shoma. Kana uine PDA uye uri kuronga kuva nevana, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira fetal echocardiography panguva yekuzvitakura kuongorora kukura kwemwoyo wemwana wako. Genetic counseling inogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa njodzi dzemhuri yako chaiyo.

Q5: Nguva yakareba sei kudzorera mushure mekuvhara maitiro ePDA?

Nguva yekudzorera inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuvhiya kwaunowana. Mushure me transcatheter closure (kuvhiya kwemishonga), vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzoka kumabasa akajairika mukati memazuva mashoma kusvika pavhiki. Unogona kuva nemaronda apo catheter yakapinda, asi izvi zvinorapika nekukurumidza. Kuvhara kwemishonga kazhinji kunoda nguva yakareba yekudzorera - kazhinji mavhiki 2-4 usati wadzoka kumabasa akajairika uye mavhiki 6-8 usati watakura zvinorema kana kurovedza muviri kwakanyanya. Chiremba wako achakupa mazano chaiwo zvichienderana nekuvhiya kwako uye maitiro ekurapa ega.