Pericarditis

Mwoyo uri kuruboshwe unoratidza ganda repkunze remwoyo (pericardium). Mwoyo uri kurudyi unoratidza ganda rakapvimba uye rakafemerwa (pericarditis).

Pericarditis kuzvimba nekutsamwa kwe tishu yakapfava, ine chimiro chebhegi inopoteredza mwoyo. Tishu iyi inonzi pericardium. Pericarditis kazhinji inokonzera kurwadziwa kwakanyanya pachipfuva. Kurwadziwa kwepfuma kunoitika kana zvikamu zvakatsamwa zve pericardium zvichisangana.

Pericarditis kazhinji inenge yakapfava. Inogona kupera pasina kurapwa. Kurapwa kwezviratidzo zvakakomba kunogona kusanganisira mishonga uye, zvisingawanzoitiki, kuvhiya. Kana vanachiremba vakawana vakaraira pericarditis pakutanga, izvozvo zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza njodzi yematambudziko arefu kubva ku pericarditis.

Kurwadziwa kwepfupa ndicho chiratidzo chinonyanya kuzivikanwa chepericarditis. Kazhinji kunonzwa kunge kuri kupwanya kana kubaya. Asi vamwe vanhu vane kurwadziwa kwepfupa kunononoka, kunorwadza kana kunge kuri kuomesa. Kazhinji kazhinji, kurwadziwa kwepericarditis kunonzwa shure kwemabhonzo ebvudzi kana kurutivi rweruboshwe rwepafupa. Kurwadziwa kungaita izvi: Kupararira kugokora rekuruboshwe nemutsipa, kana kumagokora ose. Kuwedzera kana uchikosora, uri kurara kana kutora mweya wakadzika. Kuvandudza kana wagara kana wakakotama mberi. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvepericarditis zvinogona kusanganisira: Kukosora. Kuneta kana kunzwa kushaya simba kana kurwara. Kuchema kwemitswe kana tsoka. Fivha isina simba. Kurova kwemoyo kana kumhanya kwemoyo, kunonziwo heart palpitations. Kushaya mweya kana uri kurara. Kuchema kwemudumbu, kunonziwo abdomen. Zviratidzo zvakakosha zvinoenderana nerudzi rwepericarditis. Pericarditis inoganhurirwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana, maererano nemuenzaniso wezviratidzo uye kuti zviratidzo zvinogara kwenguva yakareba sei. Acute pericarditis inotanga kamwe kamwe asi haigari kwenguva inopfuura mavhiki mana. Zviitiko zvenguva yemberi zvinogona kuitika. Zvinogona kunge zvakaoma kusiyanisa pakati pe acute pericarditis nekurwadziwa nekuda kwekurohwa kwemoyo. Recurrent pericarditis inoitika anenge mavhiki mana kusvika matanhatu mushure mekutambura ne acute pericarditis. Hapana zviratidzo zvinoitika pakati. Incessant pericarditis inogara anenge mavhiki mana kusvika matanhatu asi isingasviki mwedzi mitatu. Zviratidzo zvinoenderera mberi panguva ino yese. Chronic constrictive pericarditis kazhinji inokura zvishoma nezvishoma uye inogara kwenguva inopfuura mwedzi mitatu. Tsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza kana uine zviratidzo zvitsva zvekurwadziwa kwepfupa. Zvizhinji zvezviratidzo zvepericarditis zvakafanana nezvezvimwe zvirwere zvemoyo nemapapu. Zvakakosha kuti uongororwe zvizere nemunyanzvi wehutano kana uine chero rudzi rwekurwadziwa kwepfupa.

Tsvaga kurapwa kwemishonga nekukurumidza kana uine zviratidzo zvitsva zvekukuvara kwepfupa. Zviratidzo zvizhinji zvepericarditis zvakafanana nezvimwe zvirwere zvemoyo nemapapu. Zvakakosha kuti uongororwe zvizere nechiremba kana uine marwadzo api neapi epfupa.

Chikonzero chepericarditis kazhinji chinoomera kuziva. Chikonzero chingasawanikwe. Kana izvi zvikaitika, zvinonzi idiopathic pericarditis.

Zvinokonzera pericarditis zvinosanganisira:

• Kuita kwemuviri wemudziviriri mushure mekukuvadzwa kwemoyo nekuda kwekurwara kwemoyo kana kuvhiya kwemoyo. Mazita mamwe eizvi anosanganisira Dressler syndrome, post-myocardial infarction syndrome ne post-cardiac injury syndrome.
• Zvirwere, senge zvinokonzerwa nemavhairasi.
• Kukuvadzwa kwemoyo kana chipfuva.
• Lupus.
• Rheumatoid arthritis.
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvehurefu, kusanganisira kutadza kweitsvo nekenza.
• Mishonga yakati wandei, senge mushonga wekurapa chirwere chekuhwanda phenytoin (Dilantin) nemushonga unonzi procainamide wekurapa kurova kwemoyo kwasingagari.

Kana pericarditis ikawanikwa ikarapwa pakutanga, njodzi yematambudziko kazhinji inodzikira. Matambudziko epericarditis anogona kusanganisira: Kuwanda kwemvura kumativi emoyo, kunonziwo pericardial effusion. Kuwanda kwemvura kunogona kukonzera matambudziko akawanda emoyo. Kuwanda nekukora kwechigadziko chemoyo, kunonziwo constrictive pericarditis. Vamwe vanhu vane pericarditis kwenguva refu vanowana kuwanda nekukora kwepericardium. Kushanduka uku kunodzivirira moyo kubva kuzadza nekucheneruka zvakakwana. Ichi chimiro chinowanzoita kuti tsoka nedumbu zvivimbe zvakanyanya, uye kufema kushomeka. Kumanikidza pamoyo nekuda kwekuwanda kwemvura, kunonziwo cardiac tamponade. Iyi mamiriro anotyisa anodzivirira moyo kubva kuzadza zvakakwana. Ropa shoma rinobva pamoyo, zvichikonzera kudonha kukuru kweropa. Cardiac tamponade inoda kurapwa kwekukurumidza.

Hapana nzira chaiyo yekudzivirira pericarditis. Asi unogona kutora matanho aya ekudzivirira hutachiona, izvo zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza njodzi yekurwadziwa kwemoyo:

• Samboswedera kune vanhu vane chirwere chehutachiona kana chikosoro kusvika vapora. Kana uri kurwara ne zviratidzo zvehutachiona, edza kusaparadzira kune vamwe. Semuenzaniso, fukidza muromo wako kana uchikotsa kana kukosora.
• Tevedza kuchena kwakanaka. Kuwachisa maoko nguva dzose kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kupararira kwechirwere. Geza maoko ako neshampo ne mvura kwemaminitsi anenge makumi maviri.
• Tora majekiseni anokurudzirwa. Gara uchizvipa majekiseni anokurudzirwa, kusanganisira ayo anochengetedza kubva kuCOVID-19, rubella neinfluenza. Aya ndiwo mienzaniso yezvirwere zvehutachiona zvinogona kukonzera kuzvimba kwetsandanyama yemoyo, inonzi myocarditis. Myocarditis ne pericarditis zvinogona kuitika pamwe chete nekuda kwehutachiona. Zvisingawanzoitika, jekiseni reCOVID-19 rinogona kukonzera pericarditis ne myocarditis, kunyanya muvarume vane makore gumi nemaviri kusvika gumi nemanomwe. Taura nachiremba wako nezvemabhenefiti nenjodzi dzemajekiseni.

Kuongorora perikarditi, mushandi wehutano anokutarisa uye anokubvunza mibvunzo nezve zviratidzo zvako uye nhoroondo yako yehutano.

Panyanzvi wekuchengetedza anoteerera mwoyo wako uchishandisa chishandiso chinonzi stethoscope. Perikarditi inokonzera ruzha rwakatarwa, rinonzi pericardial rub. Ruzha rwunoitika apo zvikamu zviviri zvebhegi rinopoteredza mwoyo, rinonzi pericardium, zvinoshambadzira pamwe chete.

Kuongorora perikarditi kana kubvisa zvirwere zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakafanana zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kuongororwa kweropa. Kuongororwa kweropa kazhinji kunoitirwa kutarisa zviratidzo zvekurwisa kwemwoyo, kuzvimba uye hutachiona.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG). Electrocardiogram ndeyekuongorora kukurumidza uye kusina marwadzo kunotora masaini emagetsi mumwoyo. Inogona kuratidza kuti mwoyo uri kurova sei. Mapachi anobatanidzwa anonzi electrodes ane waya anobatana nepamusoro pemukati uye dzimwe nguva maoko kana makumbo. Wayer inobatanidza kune monitor, iyo inodhinda kana kuratidza mhinduro.
• X-ray yechipfuva. X-ray yechipfuva inogona kuratidza shanduko pakukura nechimiro chemwoyo. Inogona kutaura kana mwoyo wakakura.
• Echocardiogram. Mafungu esound anoita mifananidzo yemwoyo unofamba. Echocardiogram inoratidza kuti mwoyo uri kuburitsa ropa zvakanaka sei. Inogona zvakare kuona chero mvura yakawanda iri munyama inopoteredza mwoyo. Kuongorora kunogona kutaura kana bhegi rinopoteredza mwoyo richikanganisa nzira iyo mwoyo unozadzwa neropa kana kuburitsa ropa.
• Cardiac computerized tomography (CT) scan. Cardiac CT scans inoshandisa X-rays kuita mifananidzo yemwoyo nechipfuva. Kuongorora kunogona kushandiswa kutarisa kuwanda kwemwoyo kunogona kuva chiratidzo che constrictive pericarditis.
• Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Kuongorora uku kunoshandisa magnetic fields nemafungu eradio kuita mifananidzo yakadzama yemwoyo. Cardiac MRI scan inogona kuratidza kuwanda, kuzvimba kana shanduko dzakasiyana munyama yakasimba inopoteredza mwoyo.