Pineoblastoma

Pineoblastoma

Pineoblastoma rudzi rwekenza rinoitika mune gland ye pineal muuropi. Gland ye pineal iri pakati peuropi. Gland iyi inogadzira homoni inonzi melatonin. Melatonin ine basa mukuzorora kwemuviri nekumuka.

Pineoblastoma inotanga sekuwanda kwema cell mu gland ye pineal. Ma cell aya anokura nekukurumidza uye anogona kupinda uye kuparadza tishu dzomuviri dzakakwana.

Pineoblastoma inogona kuitika pazera ripi zvaro. Asi inowanzoitika kuvana vaduku. Pineoblastoma inogona kukonzera kurwadziwa kwemusoro, hope uye kuchinja munzira iyo maziso anofamba.

Pineoblastoma inogona kuva yakaoma kwazvo kurapa. Inogona kupararira muuropi uye mune mvura iri kuuropi. Mvura iyi inonzi cerebrospinal fluid. Pineoblastoma haina kupararira kunze kwe central nervous system. Kurapa kunowanzoita opresheni yekubvisa kenza yakawanda sezvinobvira. Kurapa kumwe kunogonawo kukurudzirwa.

Kuongororwa nemazano anoshandiswa kuona pineoblastoma anosanganisira:

• Kuongororwa kwemuviri. Kuongororwa kwemuviri kunogona kuwana nzvimbo nehukuru hwekenza yeuropi. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inowanzo shandiswa kuona kenza yeuropi. Matekinoroji akakwirira anogona kushandiswawo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira perfusion MRI uye magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

  Kuongororwa kumwe kunogona kusanganisira computerized tomography (CT) uye positron emission tomography (PET) scans.

• Kubvisa sampuli yetishu yekuongorora. Biopsy ndiyo nzira yekubvisa sampuli yetishu yekuongorora. Inogona kuitwa ne tsono usati waoparesheni. Kana sampuli inogona kubviswa panguva ye opresheni. Sampuli yetishu inongororwa murabhoritari. Izvi zvinobatsira kuona marudzi ema cell uye kuti anokura nekukurumidza sei.

• Kubvisa cerebrospinal fluid yekuongorora. Lumbar puncture ndiyo nzira yekubvisa sampuli yemvura iri kuuropi ne spinal cord. Nzira iyi inonziwo spinal tap. Munyanzvi wehutano anopinda tsono pakati pemwongo miviri mu spine yepasi. Tsono inoshandiswa kutora cerebrospinal fluid iri ku spinal cord. Mvura iyi inongororwa kutsvaga ma cell e pineoblastoma. Cerebrospinal fluid inogonawo kuunganidzwa panguva ye biopsy yekubvisa tishu kubva muuropi.

Kuongororwa kwemuviri. Kuongororwa kwemuviri kunogona kuwana nzvimbo nehukuru hwekenza yeuropi. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inowanzo shandiswa kuona kenza yeuropi. Matekinoroji akakwirira anogona kushandiswawo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira perfusion MRI uye magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Kuongororwa kumwe kunogona kusanganisira computerized tomography (CT) uye positron emission tomography (PET) scans.

Sarudzo dzekurapa pineoblastoma dzinosanganisira:

• Opresheni yekubvisa pineoblastoma. Neurosurgeon, anova nyanzvi yeuropi, anoshanda kubvisa pineoblastoma yakawanda sezvinobvira. Dzimwe nguva kenza yese haigone kubviswa. Izvi ndizvo nekuti pineoblastoma inoumbwa pedyo nezvinhu zvikuru mukati meuropi. Kurapa kumwe kunowanzodiwa mushure me opresheni. Kurapa uku kunorwisa ma cell asara.

• Radiation therapy. Radiation therapy inoshandisa ma beam ane simba rakakwirira kuuraya ma cell ekenza. Ma beam aya anogona kubva ku X-rays, protons kana mimwe misoro. Panguva ye radiation therapy, muchina unotungamira ma beam kuuropi ne spinal cord. Radiation yakawedzerwa inotungamirwa kuma cell ekenza.

  Radiation inowanzoitwa kuuropi rose ne spinal cord. Izvi ndizvo nekuti ma cell ekenza anogona kupararira kubva muuropi kuenda kune dzimwe nzvimbo dze central nervous system. Kurapa uku kunowanzo kurudzirwa kune vakuru nevana vakura kupfuura makore matatu.

• Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy inoshandisa mishonga ine simba kuuraya ma cell ekenza. Chemotherapy inowanzo shandiswa mushure me opresheni kana radiation therapy. Dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa panguva imwe chete se radiation therapy. Kune pineoblastomas huru, chemotherapy inogona kushandiswa usati waoparesheni. Izvi zvinogona kudzikisa kenza uye kuita kuti ive nyore kubvisa.

• Radiosurgery. Stereotactic radiosurgery inotarisa ma beam akawanda e radiation pane zvinhu chaizvo kuuraya ma cell ekenza. Radiosurgery inowanzo shandiswa kurapa pineoblastoma inodzoka mushure mekurapa.

• Clinical trials. Clinical trials ndidzidzo dzekurapa kwatsva. Dzidzo idzi dzinokupa mukana wekushandisa sarudzo dzekurapa dzichangobva kubuda. Zvinokonzera zvinogona kusazivikanwa kubva kurapa uku. Bvunza nyanzvi yehutano yemwana wako kana mwana wako angakwanisa kubatanidzwa mu clinical trial.

Radiation therapy. Radiation therapy inoshandisa ma beam ane simba rakakwirira kuuraya ma cell ekenza. Ma beam aya anogona kubva ku X-rays, protons kana mimwe misoro. Panguva ye radiation therapy, muchina unotungamira ma beam kuuropi ne spinal cord. Radiation yakawedzerwa inotungamirwa kuma cell ekenza.

Radiation inowanzoitwa kuuropi rose ne spinal cord. Izvi ndizvo nekuti ma cell ekenza anogona kupararira kubva muuropi kuenda kune dzimwe nzvimbo dze central nervous system. Kurapa uku kunowanzo kurudzirwa kune vakuru nevana vakura kupfuura makore matatu.

Bhokisi iyi ine mifananidzo yeMRI inoratidza meningioma. Meningioma iyi yakakura zvokusundira mukati memusoro. Mifananidzo yekenza yemusoro Kana chiremba wenyu achifunga kuti mungave nekenza yemusoro, muchada bvunzo dzakawanda nemabatiro kuti muve nechokwadi. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira: - Kuongororwa kwemasimba emuviri. Kuongororwa kwemasimba emuviri kunotarisa zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemusoro wako kuti uone kuti zviri kushanda sei. Kuongororwa uku kunogona kusanganisira kuongorora kuona kwako, kunzwa, kuenzana, kugadzikana, simba uye reflexes. Kana uine dambudziko munzvimbo imwe kana kupfuura, iyi ndiyo nzira yekuti chiremba wenyu azive. Kuongororwa kwemasimba emuviri hakubvumiri kenza yemusoro. Asi kunobatsira chiremba wenyu kunzwisisa kuti chii chikamu chemusoro wako chingave chine dambudziko. - CT scan yemusoro. Computed tomography scan, inonziwo CT scan, inoshandisa X-rays kuita mifananidzo. Inowanikwa zvakanyanya, uye mhinduro dzinodzoka nekukurumidza. Saka CT inogona kuva bvunzo yekutanga yemifananidzo inoitirwa kana uine zvirwere zvemukati kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvine zvikonzero zvakawanda. CT scan inogona kuona matambudziko mukati nekunze kwemusoro wako. Mhinduro dzinokupa chiremba wenyu mazano ekusarudza bvunzo yekuita inotevera. Kana chiremba wenyu achifunga kuti CT scan yako inoratidza kenza yemusoro, ungada MRI yemusoro. - PET scan yemusoro. Positron emission tomography scan, inonziwo PET scan, inogona kuona mamwe makensa emusoro. PET scan inoshandisa tracer inobudiswa inopinzwa muchibereko. Tracer inofamba ne ropa uye inonamatira kumaseli ekensa yemusoro. Tracer inoita kuti maseli ekensa amire pachena pamifananidzo inotorwa nemaPET machine. Maseli ari kuparadzana uye kuwanda nekukurumidza achabata tracer yakawanda. PET scan inogona kubatsira zvikuru pakutsvaga makensa emusoro ari kukura nekukurumidza. Mienzaniso inosanganisira glioblastomas nemamwe oligodendrogliomas. Makensa emusoro anokura zvishoma anogona kusawanikwa paPET scan. Makensa emusoro asiri ekenza anowanzo kukura zvishoma, saka PET scans haina kubatsira zvakanyanya kumakensa emusoro akanaka. Hapasi munhu wese ane kenza yemusoro anoda PET scan. Bvunza chiremba wenyu kana uchida PET scan. - Kuunganidza sampuli yetsinga. Brain biopsy ibatiro yekubvisa sampuli yetsinga yekenza yemusoro yekuyedzwa murabhoritari. Kazhinji chiremba anowana sampuli panguva yekuvhiya kubvisa kenza yemusoro. Kana kuvhiya kusina kukwanisika, sampuli inogona kubviswa ne tsono. Kubvisa sampuli yetsinga yekenza yemusoro netsono kunoitirwa nebatiro inonzi stereotactic needle biopsy. Panguva yebatiro iyi, gomba diki rinopfurwa muhombodo. Tsono yakatetepa inopinzwa mugomba. Tsono inoshandiswa kutora sampuli yetsinga. Bvunzo dzemifananidzo senge CT neMRI dzinoshandiswa kuronga nzira yetsono. Hauzonzwe chero chinhu panguva yebiopsy nekuti mishonga inoshandiswa kunyorovesa nzvimbo. Kazhinji unogamuchirawo mishonga inokupa mamiriro ekurara kuti urege kuziva. Ungave une needle biopsy pane kuvhiya kana timu yako yekuchengetedza utano ichitya kuti kuvhiya kunogona kukuvadza chikamu chakakosha chemusoro wako. Tsono inogona kudiwa kubvisa tsinga kubva pakenza yemusoro kana kenza iri munzvimbo yakaoma kusvika nekushanda. Brain biopsy ine njodzi yematambudziko. Njodzi dzinosanganisira kubuda ropa mumusoro uye kukuvara kune tsinga yemusoro. - Kuongorora sampuli yetsinga murabhoritari. Sampuli yebiopsy inotumirwa ku laboratori yekuyedzwa. Bvunzo dzinogona kuona kana maseli ari ekenza kana asiri ekenza. Nzira yekutarisa maseli pasi pemikroskopu inogona kuudza timu yako yekuchengetedza utano kuti maseli ari kukura nekukurumidza sei. Izvi zvinonzi grade yekenza yemusoro. Bvunzo dzimwe dzinogona kuwana kuti shanduko dzeDNA dziripo mumaseli. Izvi zvinobatsira timu yako yekuchengetedza utano kugadzira chirongwa chako chekurapa. MRI yemusoro. Magnetic resonance imaging, inonziwo MRI, inoshandisa magineti ane simba kugadzira mifananidzo yemukati memuviri. MRI inowanzo shandiswa kuona makensa emusoro nekuti inoratidza musoro zvakajeka kupfuura mamwe bvunzo dzemifananidzo. Kazhinji dye inopinzwa muchibereko muruoko usati waita MRI. Dye inoita mifananidzo yakajeka. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuona makensa madiki. Inogona kubatsira timu yako yekuchengetedza utano kuona musiyano uri pakati pekensa yemusoro netsinga yemusoro ine hutano. Dzimwe nguva unoda rudzi rwakakosha rweMRI kugadzira mifananidzo yakadzama. Muenzaniso mumwe ndeye functional MRI. MRI iyi inoratidza kuti ndedzipi zvikamu zvemusoro zvinodzora kutaura, kufamba nezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha. Izvi zvinobatsira chiremba wenyu kuronga kuvhiya nezvimwe kurapa. Bvunzo imwe yakakosha yeMRI ndeye magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Bvunzo iyi inoshandisa MRI kuyera mazinga emishonga yakati mumaseli ekensa. Kuve nehuwandu hwakawanda kana hushoma hwemishonga kunogona kuudza timu yako yekuchengetedza utano nezvekensa yemusoro yaunayo. Magnetic resonance perfusion imwe bvunzo yakakosha yeMRI. Bvunzo iyi inoshandisa MRI kuyera huwandu hweropa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekenza yemusoro. Zvikamu zvekenza zvine huwandu hwakawanda hweropa zvinogona kuva zvikamu zvinoshanda zvikuru zvekenza. Timu yako yekuchengetedza utano inoshandisa ruzivo urwu kuronga kurapwa kwako. PET scan yemusoro. Positron emission tomography scan, inonziwo PET scan, inogona kuona mamwe makensa emusoro. PET scan inoshandisa tracer inobudiswa inopinzwa muchibereko. Tracer inofamba ne ropa uye inonamatira kumaseli ekensa yemusoro. Tracer inoita kuti maseli ekensa amire pachena pamifananidzo inotorwa nemaPET machine. Maseli ari kuparadzana uye kuwanda nekukurumidza achabata tracer yakawanda. PET scan inogona kubatsira zvikuru pakutsvaga makensa emusoro ari kukura nekukurumidza. Mienzaniso inosanganisira glioblastomas nemamwe oligodendrogliomas. Makensa emusoro anokura zvishoma anogona kusawanikwa paPET scan. Makensa emusoro asiri ekenza anowanzo kukura zvishoma, saka PET scans haina kubatsira zvakanyanya kumakensa emusoro akanaka. Hapasi munhu wese ane kenza yemusoro anoda PET scan. Bvunza chiremba wenyu kana uchida PET scan. Kuunganidza sampuli yetsinga. Brain biopsy ibatiro yekubvisa sampuli yetsinga yekenza yemusoro yekuyedzwa murabhoritari. Kazhinji chiremba anowana sampuli panguva yekuvhiya kubvisa kenza yemusoro. Kana kuvhiya kusina kukwanisika, sampuli inogona kubviswa ne tsono. Kubvisa sampuli yetsinga yekenza yemusoro netsono kunoitirwa nebatiro inonzi stereotactic needle biopsy. Panguva yebatiro iyi, gomba diki rinopfurwa muhombodo. Tsono yakatetepa inopinzwa mugomba. Tsono inoshandiswa kutora sampuli yetsinga. Bvunzo dzemifananidzo senge CT neMRI dzinoshandiswa kuronga nzira yetsono. Hauzonzwe chero chinhu panguva yebiopsy nekuti mishonga inoshandiswa kunyorovesa nzvimbo. Kazhinji unogamuchirawo mishonga inokupa mamiriro ekurara kuti urege kuziva. Ungave une needle biopsy pane kuvhiya kana timu yako yekuchengetedza utano ichitya kuti kuvhiya kunogona kukuvadza chikamu chakakosha chemusoro wako. Tsono inogona kudiwa kubvisa tsinga kubva pakenza yemusoro kana kenza iri munzvimbo yakaoma kusvika nekushanda. Brain biopsy ine njodzi yematambudziko. Njodzi dzinosanganisira kubuda ropa mumusoro uye kukuvara kune tsinga yemusoro. Grade yekenza yemusoro inopiwa kana maseli ekensa achiyedzwa murabhoritari. Grade inoudza timu yako yekuchengetedza utano kuti maseli ari kukura uye kuwanda nekukurumidza sei. Grade inobva pane maitiro emaseli pasi pemikroskopu. Grades dzinosvika kubva pa1 kusvika ku4. Kenza yemusoro yegrade 1 inokura zvishoma. Maseli haasi akasiyana zvakanyanya nemaseli ane hutano ari pedyo. Sezvo grade iri kukwira, maseli anopfuura kuchinja kuitira kuti atange kutaridzika zvakasiyana. Kenza yemusoro yegrade 4 inokura nekukurumidza. Maseli haataridziki senge maseli ane hutano ari pedyo. Hapana matanho ekensa yemusoro. Mamwe marudzi ekenza ane matanho. Kune mamwe marudzi ekenza aya, danho rinotsanangura kuti kenza yakakura sei uye kana yakapararira. Makensa emusoro nemakensa emusoro hazviparariri, saka haana matanho. Timu yako yekuchengetedza utano inoshandisa ruzivo rwese kubva kubvunzo dzako dzekuongorora kunzwisisa prognosis yako. Prognosis ndeyekuti kenza yemusoro inogona kurapwa sei. Zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa prognosis kune vanhu vane makensa emusoro zvinosanganisira: - Rudzi rwekensa yemusoro. - Kukurumidza kwekukura kwekensa yemusoro. - Kwenga kwekensa yemusoro mumusoro. - Shanduko dzeDNA dziripo mumaseli ekensa yemusoro. - Kana kenza yemusoro inogona kubviswa zvachose nekushanda. - Hutano hwako hwese nekunaka kwako. Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve prognosis yako, kurukura nazvo timu yako yekuchengetedza utano.

Kurapa ganda remuuropi kunoenderana nekuti ganda iri ganda rekenza yemuuropi kana kuti harisi ganda rekenza, rinonziwo ganda remuuropi risina ngozi. Nzira dzekurapa dzinoenderanawo nerudzi, saizi, giredhi, nenzvimbo yeganda remuuropi. Sarudzo dzinogona kusanganisira kuvhiya, kurapwa kwemwaranzi, radiosurgery, chemotherapy, nekurapwa kwakatarwa. Paunofunga nezvesarudzo dzako dzekurapa, timu yako yekuchengetedza utano inofungawo nezveutano hwako hwese uye zvaunoda.Kurapa kungasave kwakakosha pakarepo. Ungasade kurapwa pakarepo kana ganda rako remuuropi riri diki, risina kenza, uye harisi kuita zviratidzo. Maganda madiki, asina ngozi emuuropi angasakurira kana kuti angakurira zvishoma zvokuti haazomboiti matambudziko. Ungave nekuongororwa kweMRI kwemuuropi kanenge katatu pagore kuti uone kukura kwe ganda remuuropi. Kana ganda remuuropi rikakura nekukurumidza kupfuura zvaitarisirwa kana kuti ukawana zviratidzo, ungada kurapwa.Mukuvhiya kwe endoscopic transsphenoidal transnasal, chishandiso chekuvhiya chinowanikwa kuburikidza nehuro uye pamwe chete ne nasal septum kuti uwane ganda repituitary.Chinangwa chekuvhiya ganda remuuropi ndechekubvisa maseeri ese eganda. Ganda harigoni kubviswa zvachose nguva dzose. Kana zvichibvira, chiremba anoita basa rekubvisa ganda remuuropi sezvinogona kuitwa zvakanaka. Kuvhiya kubvisa ganda remuuropi kunogona kushandiswa kurapa kenza yemuuropi nemaganda emuuropi asina ngozi.Mamwe maganda emuuropi madiki uye ari nyore kuaparadzanisa kubva kune tishu dzemuuropi dziri pedyo. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kubviswa zvachose. Mamwe maganda emuuropi haagoni kuaparadzaniswa kubva kune tishu dziri pedyo. Dzimwe nguva ganda remuuropi riri pedyo nechikamu chakakosha chemuuropi. Kuvhiya kunogona kuva ngozi munzvimbo iyi. Chiremba anogona kubvisa ganda rakawanda sezvinenge zvakachengeteka. Kubvisa chikamu cheganda remuuropi dzimwe nguva kunonzi subtotal resection.Kubviswa kwechikamu cheganda rako remuuropi kunogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo zvako.Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuita kuvhiya kubvisa ganda remuuropi. Sarudzo ipi iri nani kwauri inoenderana nemamiriro ako. Mienzaniso yemhando dzekuvhiya ganda remuuropi inosanganisira:- Kubvisa chikamu chebwe remuromo kuti usvike paganda remuuropi. Kuvhiya kwemuuropi kunosanganisira kubvisa chikamu chebwe remuromo kunonzi craniotomy. Ndiyo nzira yakawanda yekuvhiya kubvisa ganda remuuropi inoitirwa. Craniotomy inoshandiswa kurapa kenza yemuuropi nemaganda emuuropi asina ngozi. Chiremba anoita kacheka pahuma yako. Ganda nemisungo zvinobviswa. Zvadaro chiremba anoshandisa drill kuti acheke chikamu chebhonzo remuromo. Bhonzo rinobviswa kuti rive nechokwadi chekuwana muuropi. Kana ganda riri mukati meuropi, chishandiso chinogona kushandiswa kuchengeta tishu dzemuuropi dzakachengeteka. Ganda remuuropi rinochekwa nemidziyo chaiyo. Dzimwe nguva lasers inoshandiswa kuparadza ganda. Panguva yekuvhiya, unowana mushonga wekunyorovesa nzvimbo yacho kuitira kuti urege kunzwa chinhu. Unopiwawo mushonga unokupa iwe mamiriro ekurara panguva yekuvhiya. Dzimwe nguva unomutswa panguva yekuvhiya kwemuuropi. Izvi zvinonzi kuvhiya kwemuuropi kwakamuka. Paunomutswa, chiremba anogona kukubvunza mibvunzo uye kuongorora basa remuuropi rako sezvaunopindura. Izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza njodzi yekukuvadza zvikamu zvakakosha zvemuuropi. Kana kuvhiya kubvisa ganda kwapera, chikamu chebhonzo remuromo chinodzoserwa panzvimbo. - Kushandisa chubhu refu, yakasimba kuti usvike paganda remuuropi. Kuvhiya kwemuuropi kweEndoscopic kunosanganisira kuisa chubhu refu, yakasimba mumuropi. Chubhu inonzi endoscope. Chubhu ine akatevedzana ema lenses kana kamera diki inotumira mifananidzo kuchiremba. Midziyo chaiyo inoiswa kuburikidza nechubhu kubvisa ganda. Kuopera kwemuuropi kweEndoscopic kazhinji kunoshandiswa kurapa maganda epituitary. Maganda aya anokura kumashure kwe nasal cavity. Chubhu refu, yakasimba inoiswa kuburikidza nehuro uye sinuses uye mukati memuuropi. Dzimwe nguva kuvhiya kwemuuropi kweEndoscopic kunoshandiswa kubvisa maganda emuuropi mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuuropi. Chiremba anogona kushandisa drill kuita gomba mubhonzo remuromo. Chubhu refu, yakasimba inoiswa zvinyoro nyoro mukati metishu dzemuuropi. Chubhu inoramba ichifamba kusvika yasvika paganda remuuropi.Kubvisa chikamu chebwe remuromo kuti usvike paganda remuuropi. Kuvhiya kwemuuropi kunosanganisira kubvisa chikamu chebwe remuromo kunonzi craniotomy. Ndiyo nzira yakawanda yekuvhiya kubvisa ganda remuuropi inoitirwa. Craniotomy inoshandiswa kurapa kenza yemuuropi nemaganda emuuropi asina ngozi. Chiremba anoita kacheka pahuma yako. Ganda nemisungo zvinobviswa. Zvadaro chiremba anoshandisa drill kuti acheke chikamu chebhonzo remuromo. Bhonzo rinobviswa kuti rive nechokwadi chekuwana muuropi. Kana ganda riri mukati meuropi, chishandiso chinogona kushandiswa kuchengeta tishu dzemuuropi dzakachengeteka. Ganda remuuropi rinochekwa nemidziyo chaiyo. Dzimwe nguva lasers inoshandiswa kuparadza ganda. Panguva yekuvhiya, unowana mushonga wekunyorovesa nzvimbo yacho kuitira kuti urege kunzwa chinhu. Unopiwawo mushonga unokupa iwe mamiriro ekurara panguva yekuvhiya. Dzimwe nguva unomutswa panguva yekuvhiya kwemuuropi. Izvi zvinonzi kuvhiya kwemuuropi kwakamuka. Paunomutswa, chiremba anogona kukubvunza mibvunzo uye kuongorora basa remuuropi rako sezvaunopindura. Izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza njodzi yekukuvadza zvikamu zvakakosha zvemuuropi. Kana kuvhiya kubvisa ganda kwapera, chikamu chebhonzo remuromo chinodzoserwa panzvimbo.Kushandisa chubhu refu, yakasimba kuti usvike paganda remuuropi. Kuvhiya kwemuuropi kweEndoscopic kunosanganisira kuisa chubhu refu, yakasimba mumuropi. Chubhu inonzi endoscope. Chubhu ine akatevedzana ema lenses kana kamera diki inotumira mifananidzo kuchiremba. Midziyo chaiyo inoiswa kuburikidza nechubhu kubvisa ganda. Kuopera kwemuuropi kweEndoscopic kazhinji kunoshandiswa kurapa maganda epituitary. Maganda aya anokura kumashure kwe nasal cavity. Chubhu refu, yakasimba inoiswa kuburikidza nehuro uye sinuses uye mukati memuuropi. Dzimwe nguva kuvhiya kwemuuropi kweEndoscopic kunoshandiswa kubvisa maganda emuuropi mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuuropi. Chiremba anogona kushandisa drill kuita gomba mubhonzo remuromo. Chubhu refu, yakasimba inoiswa zvinyoro nyoro mukati metishu dzemuuropi. Chubhu inoramba ichifamba kusvika yasvika paganda remuuropi.Kuopera kubvisa ganda remuuropi kune njodzi yemhedzisiro uye matambudziko. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira hutachiona, kubuda ropa, ropa clots, uye kukuvara kune tishu dzemuuropi. Njodzi dzimwe dzinogona kuenderana nechikamu chemuuropi kwaari ganda riri. Semuenzaniso, kuvhiya paganda riri pedyo nemitsipa inobatanidza kumeso kunogona kuva nenjodzi yekurasikirwa nekuona. Kuopera kubvisa ganda pane tsinga inodzora kunzwa kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa nekunzwa.Kurapwa kwemwaranzi kwemaganda emuuropi kunoshandisa ma beam ane simba kuti auraye maseeri eganda. Simba rinogona kubva ku-X-rays, protons, nezvimwewo. Kurapwa kwemwaranzi kwemaganda emuuropi kazhinji kunobva muchina uri kunze kwemuviri. Izvi zvinonzi external beam radiation. Zvisingawanzoitiki, mwaranzi inogona kuiswa mukati memuviri. Izvi zvinonzi brachytherapy.Kurapwa kwemwaranzi kunogona kushandiswa kurapa kenza yemuuropi nemaganda emuuropi asina ngozi.External beam radiation therapy kazhinji inoitirwa kurapwa kwenguva pfupi kwezuva nezuva. Chirongwa chekurapa chinowanzoita kuti uve nekurapwa kwemwaranzi mazuva mashanu pavhiki kwemavhiki maviri kusvika matanhatu.External beam radiation inogona kuisa pfungwa chete munzvimbo yemuuropi kwaari ganda riri, kana kuti inogona kushandiswa kune muuropi wako wese. Vanhu vakawanda vane ganda remuuropi vachava nemwaranzi inotarisa munzvimbo iri pedyo neganda. Kana paine maganda mazhinji, muuropi wese ungada kurapwa kwemwaranzi. Kana muuropi wese uchirapwa, zvinonzi whole-brain radiation. Whole-brain radiation kazhinji inoshandiswa kurapa kenza inopararira kumuropi kubva kune imwe chikamu chemuviri uye inoumba maganda mazhinji mumuropi.Traditionally, kurapwa kwemwaranzi kunoshandisa X-rays, asi fomu itsva yekurapa uku inoshandisa simba kubva ku protons. Ma proton beam anogona kuiswa zvakanyatsonaka kuti akuvadze maseeri eganda chete. Zvinogona kunge zvisingakuvadze tishu dzakachengeteka dziri pedyo. Proton therapy inogona kubatsira kurapa maganda emuuropi muvana. Inogona kubatsirawo kurapa maganda ari pedyo nezvikamu zvakakosha zvemuuropi. Proton therapy haisipo munzvimbo dzakawanda se traditional X-ray radiation therapy.Mhedzisiro yekurapwa kwemwaranzi kwemaganda emuuropi inoenderana nerudzi nedose yemwaranzi yaunowana. Mhedzisiro inowanzoitika panguva yekurapwa kana mushure mekurapwa ndeyekuneta, kurwadziwa kwemusoro, kurasikirwa nekuyeuka, kukuvadzwa kwe scalp, nekurasikirwa nevhudzi. Dzimwe nguva mhedzisiro yekurapwa kwemwaranzi inoonekwa makore mazhinji gare gare. Mhedzisiro iyi inogona kusanganisira matambudziko ekuyeuka nekufunga.Tekinoroji yeStereotactic radiosurgery inoshandisa gamma rays diki kuti ipe dose chaiyo yemwaranzi kune chinangwa.Stereotactic radiosurgery yemaganda emuuropi imhando ine simba yekurapwa kwemwaranzi. Inotarisa ma beam emwaranzi kubva kunzvimbo dzakawanda paganda remuuropi. Beam imwe neimwe haina simba rakawanda. Asi poindi kwaanosangana ma beam anowana dose yakakura kwazvo yemwaranzi inouraya maseeri eganda.Radiosurgery inogona kushandiswa kurapa kenza yemuuropi nemaganda emuuropi asina ngozi.Kune marudzi akasiyana e tekinoroji anoshandiswa mu radiosurgery kupa mwaranzi kurapa maganda emuuropi. Mimwe mienzaniso inosanganisira:- Linear accelerator radiosurgery. Linear accelerator michina inonziwo LINAC michina. LINAC michina inozivikanwa nezita rayo, senge CyberKnife, TrueBeam nezvimwe. Muchina weLINAC unotarisa ma beam ane chimiro chakanaka chesimba rimwe nerimwe kubva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana. Ma beam anoitwa ne X-rays.- Gamma Knife radiosurgery. Muchina weGamma Knife unotarisa ma beam maduku emwaranzi panguva imwe chete. Ma beam anoitwa ne gamma rays.- Proton radiosurgery. Proton radiosurgery inoshandisa ma beam anoitwa ne protons. Iyi ndiyo rudzi rutsva rwe radiosurgery. Iri kuita kuti rive rakajairika asi harisipo muma hospital ese.Radiosurgery kazhinji inoitirwa kurapwa kumwe kana kurapwa kushoma. Unogona kudzokera kumba mushure mekurapwa uye haufanire kugara muchipatara.Mhedzisiro ye radiosurgery inosanganisira kunzwa kuneta kwazvo uye kuchinja kwe ganda pahuma yako. Ganda pahuma rako rinogona kunzwa rakaoma, richikwenya, uye rinonzwa. Ungave nemaronda paganda kana kurasikirwa nevhudzi. Dzimwe nguva kurasikirwa nevhudzi kunogara kwenguva refu.Chemotherapy yemaganda emuuropi inoshandisa mishonga ine simba kuuraya maseeri eganda. Mishonga yeChemotherapy inogona kunywa muchimiro chepiritsi kana kuiswa mumutsinga. Dzimwe nguva mushonga we chemotherapy unoiswa mukati metishu dzemuuropi panguva yekuvhiya.Chemotherapy inogona kushandiswa kurapa kenza yemuuropi nemaganda emuuropi asina ngozi. Dzimwe nguva inoitirwa panguva imwe chete ne kurapwa kwemwaranzi.Mhedzisiro yeChemotherapy inoenderana nerudzi nedose yemishonga yaunowana. Chemotherapy inogona kukonzera kusvotwa, kurutsa, nekurasikirwa nevhudzi.Kurapwa kwakatarwa kwemaganda emuuropi kunoshandisa mishonga inorwisa zvinhu zvakakosha zviri mukati meseeri eganda. Nekuvhara zvinhu izvi, kurapwa kwakatarwa kunogona kukonzera kuti maseeri eganda afe.Mishonga yekurapwa kwakatarwa iripo kune mamwe marudzi ekensa yemuuropi nemaganda emuuropi asina ngozi. Maseeri eganda rako remuuropi anogona kuongororwa kuti aone kana kurapwa kwakatarwa kuchizokubatsira.Mushure mekurapwa, ungada rubatsiro kuti udzose basa muchikamu chemuuropi chaive neganda. Ungada rubatsiro pakufamba, kutaura, kuona, nekufunga. Zvichienderana nezvaunoda, mudzidzisi wako wekuchengetedza utano anogona kukurudzira:- Physical therapy kukubatsira kudzorera hunyanzvi hwakarasika kana simba retsinga.- Occupational therapy kukubatsira kudzokera kumabasa ako ezuva nezuva, kusanganisira basa.- Speech therapy kukubatsira kana kutaura kuri kuoma.- Tutoring for school-age children kukubatsira kubata nema shanduko mukuyeuka kwavo nekufunga.Nyorera mahara uye uwane zvakanyanya nezvekurapa ganda remuuropi, kuongororwa, nekuvhiya.link yekubvisa kunyorera mu email.Kutsvagurudza kushoma kwakaitwa pane zvekurapa zvekugadzira uye zvekurapa zvekugadzira maganda emuuropi. Hapana kurapwa kwekugadzira kwakaratidzwa kunorapisa maganda emuuropi. Nekudaro, kurapwa kwekugadzira kunogona kukubatsira kubata nekushushikana kwekuongororwa kwe ganda remuuropi.Mimwe mishonga yekugadzira inogona kukubatsira kusanganisira:- Art therapy.- Exercise.- Meditation.- Music therapy.- Relaxation exercises.Taura nechikwata chako chekuchengetedza utano nezvesarudzo dzako.Vanhu vamwe vanoti kuongororwa kwe ganda remuuropi kunonzwa kusingafadzi uye kunotyisa. Zvinogona kukupa iwe manzwiro ekusava nekodzero pahutano hwako. Zvinogona kubatsira kutora matanho kunzwisisa mamiriro ako uye kutaura nezvemanzwiro ako. Funga kuedza:- Dzidza zvakakwana nezvemaganda emuuropi kuti uite sarudzo nezvekuchengetedza kwako. Bvunza mudzidzisi wako wekuchengetedza utano nezverudzi rwako rweganda remuuropi. Bvunza nezvesarudzo dzako dzekurapa uye, kana uchida, prognosis yako. Sezvaunodzidza zvakawanda nezvemaganda emuuropi, unogona kunzwa zvakanaka nezvekuita sarudzo dzekurapa. Tsvaga ruzivo kubva kune zvinyorwa zvakavimbika, senge American Cancer Society ne National Cancer Institute.- Chengeta shamwari nemhuri pedyo. Kuchengeta hukama hwako hwepedyo hwakasimba kuchizokubatsira kubata neganda rako remuuropi. Shamwari nemhuri vanogona kupa rutsigiro rwakakosha rwunoda, senge kubatsira kutarisira imba yako kana uri muchipatara. Uye vanogona kushanda serutsigiro rwemanzwiro kana uchinzwa wakaneta nekensa.- Tsvaga munhu wekutaura naye. Tsvaga munhu akanaka anoda kukuteerera uchitaura nezvetariro nekutya kwako. Izvi zvinogona kuva shamwari, nhengo yemhuri kana nhengo yechechi. Bvunza timu yako yekuchengetedza utano kuti ikurudzire mushandi wekurapa kana mushandi wemagariro aunogona kutaura naye. Bvunza timu yako yekuchengetedza utano nezvemapoka ekutsigira ganda remuuropi munzvimbo yako. Zvinogona kubatsira kudzidza kuti vamwe vari munzvimbo yako vari kubata sei nematambudziko akaoma ezvekurapa.Tsvaga munhu wekutaura naye. Tsvaga munhu akanaka anoda kukuteerera uchitaura nezvetariro nekutya kwako. Izvi zvinogona kuva shamwari, nhengo yemhuri kana nhengo yechechi. Bvunza timu yako yekuchengetedza utano kuti ikurudzire mushandi wekurapa kana mushandi wemagariro aunogona kutaura naye. Bvunza timu yako yekuchengetedza utano nezvemapoka ekutsigira ganda remuuropi munzvimbo yako. Zvinogona kubatsira kudzidza kuti vamwe vari munzvimbo yako vari kubata sei nematambudziko akaoma ezvekurapa.