Bubonic Plague

Bubonic plague is a serious illness caused by a germ called Yersinia pestis. The germs mostly live in small rodents and their fleas. The most common way for humans to get plague is a flea bite.

Plague is a rare disease. The illness mostly occurs in only a few countries around the world. In the United States, plague affects a few people each year in rural or semirural areas of western states.

Plague usually can be treated with antibiotics. If not treated, the illness is often deadly.

Plague is considered a potential bioweapon. The U.S. government has plans and treatments in place if the disease is used as a weapon.

Kune marudzi matatu echirwere cheplague. Zviratidzo zvinosiyana nemarudzi ese. Plague yeBubonic inokonzera kuzvimba kwema lymph nodes. Idzi ndidzo firiza diki, dzine chimiro chebhinzi mune immune system yemuviri. Lymph node yakazvimba inonzi bubo. Shoko rokuti "bubonic" rinotsanangura chimiro ichi chechirwere. Kana munhu ane plague yeBubonic, buboes inooneka mumabvi, groin kana mutsipa. Buboes inonyanya kunzwa kurwadza. Saizi yacho inosiyana kubva paine pasi pehafu yeinch (sentimita imwe) kusvika pa 4 inches (sentimita gumi). Zvimwe zviratidzo zveplague yeBubonic zvinogona kusanganisira: Kupisa kwenguva pfupi kwepamusoro uye kunotonhora.Kurwadziwa kwemusoro.Kuneta.Kusanzwa zvakanaka zvakanyanya.Kushaya simba.Kurwadziwa kwemhasuru.Zvisingawanzoitika, maronda eganda. Plague yeSepticemic inoitika kana mabhakitiriya eplague akawanda muropa. Buboes ingave isingaoneki. Zviratidzo zvepakutanga zvakanyanya kuwanda uye zvinosanganisira: Kupisa kwenguva pfupi kwepamusoro uye kunotonhora.Kushaya simba kwakanyanya.Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu, manyoka uye kurutsa. Zviratidzo zvakanyanya kukomba zvinogona kuitika nechirwere chakaoma uye kutadza kwezvikamu zvemuviri. Izvi zvinosanganisira: Kubuda ropa mumuromo, mhino kana rectum, kana pasi peganda.Zviratidzo zvekuvhunduka, sekubata, kuzvimba uye kuderera kweropa.Kuita dema uye kufa kwezvinyama, kunonzi gangrene, kazhinji pazvigunwe, minwe, nzeve nenhengo. Plague yePneumonic inokanganisa mapapu. Chirwere ichi chinogona kutanga mumapapu, kana chingapararira kubva kuma lymph nodes akafirwa kuenda kumapapu. Zviratidzo zvinogona kutanga mukati memaawa mashoma mushure mekuonekwa uye zvinoita zvakanyanya. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira: Kupisa kwenguva pfupi kwepamusoro uye kunotonhora.Kukosora, ne mucus ine ropa.Kunetseka kana kufema kusina kunaka.Kurwadziwa kwepfupa.Kusagadzikana kwemudumbu uye kurutsa.Kurwadziwa kwemusoro.Kushaya simba. Kana kurapwa kusina kutanga zuva rekutanga, chirwere chinoenderera mberi nekukurumidza kuenda pakufa kwemapapu, kuvhunduka uye rufu. Tsvaka rubatsiro nekukurumidza kana uine kupisa kwepamusoro kwenguva pfupi. Tsvaka rubatsiro rwekukurumidza kana uine kupisa kwepamusoro kwenguva pfupi kana zvimwe zviratidzo uye unogara munzvimbo ine nyaya dze plague. MuUnited States yokuMadokero, nyaya dzakawanda dzave dziri kuArizona, California, Colorado neNew Mexico. Nyaya dzakaitika muAfrica, Asia neLatin America. Nyika dzine nyaya dzakawanda dzinosanganisira Madagascar, Democratic Republic of Congo nePeru.

'Tsvaga kurapwa nokukurumidza kana uine fivha yakakwira kamwe kamwe.\n\nTsvaga kurapwa kwekukurumidza kana uine fivha yakakwira kamwe kamwe kana zvimwe zviratidzo uye ugere munzvimbo ine nyaya dzehosha. KuMadokero kweUnited States, nyaya dzakawanda dziri kuArizona, California, Colorado neNew Mexico.\n\nNyaya dzakaitika muAfrica, Asia neLatin America. Nyika dzine nyaya dzakawanda dzinosanganisira Madagascar, Democratic Republic of Congo nePeru.'

Bubonic plague inokonzerwa nebakitiriya rinonzi Yersinia pestis. Mabhakitiriya aya anofamba-famba munzvimbo dzezvipfuwo zvidiki nezvipembenene zvavo.

KuUnited States kumadokero, mhuka idzi dzinosanganisira:

• Makonzo, mbeva nevoles.
• Nyeredzi.
• Mhando dzemakonzo.
• Imbwa dzeminda.
• Nyeredzi dzepasi nechipmunks.

Mhuka dzimwewo dzinogona kuwana bubonic plague nekudya mhuka diki dzine chirwere ichi kana kutora ma fleas avo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Katsi dzemhuri nembwa.
• Coyotes.
• Katsi dzesango.

Vanhu vanowanzo kuwana bubonic plague kubva pakurumwa ne flea. Ma fleas aya anowanzo kubva kumhuka diki dzesango kana kubva kumhuka dzinochengetwa.

Vanhu vanogonawo kuwana bubonic plague kubva pakubata zvakananga nenyama yemhuka yakarwara. Semuenzaniso, muvhimi anogona kuwana chirwere ichi panguva yekubvisa ganda kana kubata mhuka ine chirwere.

Pneumonic plague inogona kupfuudzwa kubva kumhuka kuenda kuvanhu, kana kubva kuvanhu kuenda kuvanhu. Matonhodzo maduku mumhepo anogona kutakura mabhakitiriya apo munhu kana mhuka inokosora kana kukwenya. Vanhu vanogona kuzara kana vakapfapfaidzwa nematonhodzo kana vakabata mvura yakakosorwa.

Ngozi yekubatwa nehosha yeplague yakaderera kwazvo. Munyika yose, vanhu vashoma zviuru chete vanobatwa nehosha yeplague gore rega rega. MuUnited States, vanhu vanosvika manomwe pavhareji vanobatwa nehosha yeplague gore rega rega.

Plague yakataurwa munzvimbo dzakawanda munyika. Nzvimbo dzakajairika ndidzo Madagascar, Democratic Republic of Congo nePeru. MuMadagascar kazhinji kune kupararira kwehosha yeplague gore rega rega.

Plague yakataurwa kuwestern United States, kazhinji muArizona, California, Colorado neNew Mexico.

Hosha iyi inowanzova munzvimbo dzezvipfukuto nezvipembenene zvavo muminda nemumaruwa. Yakamboitikawo mumaguta ane vanhu vakawanda, utsanana husina kunaka kana vanhu vakawanda vezvipfukuto.

Vanhu vari pangozi yekubatwa nehosha yeplague kana vachishanda kunze munzvimbo dzine mhuka dzinoparadzira plague. Vanhu vanoshanda mumakiriniki ezvipfukuto munzvimbo idziwo vane njodzi yekubata nekati nembwa dzine hosha.

Kuenda kunokambha, kuchovha kana kufamba munzvimbo dzine mhuka dzinoparadzira plague kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yekurumwa nechipukanana chakazoara.

Hurumende yeU.S. inofunga plague sechinhu chinogona kushandiswa sehombodo. Kune uchapupu hwekuti yakashandiswa kana kugadzirwa sehombodo kare. Hurumende yeU.S. ine mirairo yekurapa nekudzivirira plague inoshandiswa sehombodo.

Zvinetso zveplague zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Gangrene. Ropa rinogona kuumba mumadzira maduku eropa emunwe, minwe yemitswe, mhino nzeve. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti tishu dzipere. Tishu yakafa inofanira kubviswa.
• Meningitis. Zvisingawanzoitika, plague inogona kukonzera kuzvimba uye chirwere chekuchengetedza tishu dzakapoteredza uropi nemutadzi wemutsipa. Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu anonzi meningitis.
• Pharyngeal plague. Zvisingawanzoitika, chirwere chinogona kuvapo mune tishu dziri kumashure kwehomwe yemhino nemuromo, inonzi pharynx. Izvi zvinonzi pharyngeal plague.

Ngozi yekufa muvanhu vane marudzi ese eplague muUnited States iri pedyo ne11%.

Vanhu vakawanda vane bubonic plague vanopona nekukurumidza kuongororwa nekurapwa. Kufa kunonyanya kuitika ne septicemic plague nekuti kunonetsa kuongorora uye kunokura nekukurumidza. Kurapwa kungasakurumidza kusina kuziva.

Pneumonic plague yakakomba uye inokura nekukurumidza. Ngozi yekufa yakakwira kana kurapwa kusina kutanga mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana mushure mekunge zviratidzo zvatanga.

'Hapana jekiseni riripo, asi vanasayenzi vari kushanda kuti vagadzire rimwe. Antibiotic inogona kubatsira kudzivirira hutachiona kana iwe wakanga wakakwanisa kuiswa pangozi yegweta. Vanhu vane gweta repneumonic vanoparadzaniswa panguva yekurapa kudzivirira kupararira kwechirwere. Vashandi vezvehutano vanofanirwa kupfeka mamasiki ekudzivirira, nguo, magorovhosi neziso kana vachirapa mumwe munhu ane gweta repneumonic. Kana iwe uchigara kana kupedza nguva kunze uko gweta riripo:\n- Ita kuti imba yako isakwanise kupinda makonzo. Bvisa nzvimbo dzekugara dzemakonzo, senge mapapiro emusango, dombo, huni dzekufukidza nezvinhu zvisina basa. Usasiye chikafu chembwa munzvimbo dzakakodzera makonzo. Kana ukaziva nezvemakonzo ari kugara mumba mako, tora matanho ekubvisa. \n- Dzivirira mhuka dzako dzinovaraidza. Shandisa mishonga yekudzivirira mazai emhuka dzako dzinovaraidza. Taura nachiremba wemhuka nezve sarudzo dzakanakisa. Kana mhuka yako iri kurwara, tora kurapwa nekukurumidza. Usarega mhuka dzinovaraidza dzichinoneta newe kana dziri kunze munzvimbo dzine gweta. \n- Kudzivirirwa kubva kumhuka. Paunobata mhuka dzakafa, pfeka magorovhosi kudzivirira kubata pakati peganda rako nemhuka. Dana dhipatimendi rehutano reko kana uine zvinetso nezve kubviswa kwemhuka yakafa. \n- Shandisa mushonga unodzivirira zvipembenene paganda nekupfeka. Paunenge uri kunze, shandisa mishonga inodzivirira zvipembenene yakanyoreswa neU.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvigadzirwa zvine DEET, picaridin, IR3535, mafuta emunyu eucalyptus (OLE), para-menthane-3,8-diol kana 2-undecanone. Usashandise spray zvakananga pachiso chako. Usashandise zvigadzirwa zvine OLE kana PMD pane vana vane makore pasi pe3. Usashandise mushonga unodzivirira zvipembenene pamwana ane makore pasi pemwedzi miviri.'

Chiremba anopa rutsigiro utano angangoita chirwere cheplague zvichienderana ne:

• Zviratidzo.
• Kuonekwa kwenguva pfupi yapfuura kwechirwere ichi panguva yekunze kana rwendo.
• Kusangana nemhuka yakafa kana yakarwara.
• Kuenda kukoronyo kunonyanya kuzivikanwa kana kuzivikanwa kwekuonekwa kwemakonzo.

Kurapwa kunogona kutanga nepo mutariri wako achimirira mhinduro yekuyedzwa kwemubatanidzwa mumwe kana kupfuura kuti azive mabhakitiriya eYersinia pestis. Zvikamu zvekuyedzwa zvinogona kubva:

• Mvura kubva kububoe.
• Ropa.
• Mvura kubva mumhino.
• Mvura iri kumativi ehuropi nemutadzi wemutsipa.