Chii chinonzi Retinal Detachment? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Retinal detachment inoitika kana rukoko rwakatetepa rwe tishu kumashure kweziso rako ruchibva panzvimbo yaro yakajairwa. Fungidzira sehwamanda ichibva pasvingo - kana retina yako ichibva patishu iri pasi payo, haigone kushanda zvakanaka uye inogona kukonzera kurasikirwa nekuona kana isina kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu inofungwa sechirwere chekurapwa nekukurumidza nekuti retina yakabviswa inorasikirwa neropa rayo uye inorega kushanda. Mashoko akanaka ndeakuti nerapidzo nekukurumidza, vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzoreredza zvakawanda kana zvese zvekuona kwavo.

Ndeapi zviratidzo zve retinal detachment?

Retinal detachment kazhinji inotanga nezviratidzo zvidiki zvinononoka zvinoonekwa zvakajeka. Ungangove wakatanga kuona shanduko diki mukuona kwako dzinoita sedzisingakuvadzi asi chaizvoizvo nzira yeziso rako yekuratidza dambudziko.

Heano zviratidzo zvakajairika zvekuchengetedza:

• Kuonekwa kwakapfupi kwe floaters - madiki madiki, tambo, kana maumbirwo akaita senhumbi anofamba-famba mukuona kwako
• Kupemhemwa kwechiedza mune rimwe kana maziso maviri, kunyanya mukuona kwako kwepiriferal
• Ganda rakasviba kana mumvuri uchifamba-famba munzvimbo yako yekuona
• Kuona kusapfava kana kusakwana kunoshanduka nekupenya
• Kurasikirwa kwakapfupi nekuona kwepiriferal kune rumwe rutivi
• Nzvimbo yakasviba kana yakasviba mukuona kwako pakati

Vamwe vanhu vanonzwawo zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitika senge kuona mvura yematunhu masviba kana kuva nematambudziko ekutsanangura mavara. Zviratidzo kazhinji zvinokanganisa rimwe chete ziso pakutanga, kunyange maziso maviri anogona kubatanidzwa mumamiriro ezvinhu asingawanzoitika.

Chinonyanya kuita kuti iyi mamiriro ezvinhu ive yakaoma ndeyekuti kazhinji haina marwadzo. Hauzonzwe kusagadzikana, izvo zvinogona kukufunga kuti zviratidzo hazvina kukomba. Zvisinei, kusavapo kwerwadzo hazvirevi kuti mamiriro acho haasi ekukurumidza.

Ndeapi marudzi e retinal detachment?

Kune marudzi matatu makuru e retinal detachment, imwe neimwe ine zvinokonzera zvakasiyana. Kunzwisisa rudzi rwawakaita kunobatsira chiremba wako kusarudza nzira yekurapa inonyanya kushanda.

Rhegmatogenous detachment rudzi rwakajairika, rinoita 90% yezviitiko. Izvi zvinoitika kana kucheka diki kana gomba richikura muretina yako, richibvumira mvura kupinda pasi uye kuibvisa pasvingo yeziso rako.

Tractional detachment inoitika kana tishu yekuvava pamusoro pe retina ichidzora uye ichikwevera retina kubva kumashure kweziso. Iyi rudzi kazhinji inowanikwa muvanhu vane diabetic retinopathy yakakomba kana mamwe mamiriro anokonzera kuchema.

Exudative detachment inoitika kana mvura ichivakwa pasi pe retina pasina kucheka kana makomba. Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwekuzvimba, kukuvara, kana matambudziko eropa anokonzera mvura kubuda munzvimbo iri kumashure kwe retina.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu asingawanzoitika, ungave une musanganiswa wemhando idzi, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti kurapwa kuve kwakaoma asi kwete kusakwanisika kudzora zvakabudirira.

Chii chinokonzera retinal detachment?

Retinal detachment inogona kukura kubva kune akawanda marudzi akasiyana, kunyange shanduko dzemazera mune ziso rako ndidzo dzinoita kuti zviitike kazhinji. Sezvaunokura, gel ye vitreous mukati meziso rako inodonha zvishoma nezvishoma uye inogona kukwevera retina.

Zvinokonzera zvakajairika zvinosanganisira:

• Shanduko dzemazera mu vitreous gel inokonzera kuti idzore uye ikweve retina
• Kuona kwakasimba kwepedyo, kunoitwa retina yakatetepa uye iri nyore kucheka
• Kuoperezwa kweziso kare, kunyanya kubviswa kwe cataract
• Kukuvara kweziso kubva mitambo, tsaona, kana kukuvara
• Diabetic retinopathy yakakomba inogadzira tishu yekuvava
• Zvirwere zvinokonzera kuzvimba zvinokanganisa ziso

Zvinokonzera zvisingawanzoitika zvinosanganisira zvirwere zvemagene senge Stickler syndrome, zvirwere zvakakomba mukati meziso, kana zvipembenene zvinomanikidza retina. Dzimwe nguva, retinal detachment inogona kuitika pasina chikonzero chakajeka, kunyanya muvanhu vane retinas dzakatetepa kwazvo.

Kuva nerimwe remamiriro aya hakusi kuti uchakura retinal detachment. Vanhu vazhinji vane aya mamiriro havana matambudziko, asi kuziva kunokubatsira kuziva zviratidzo pakutanga kana zvikaonekwa.

Rini unofanira kuona chiremba nekuda kwe retinal detachment?

Unofanira kutsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza kana ukaona shanduko dzakapfupi mukuona kwako, kunyanya zviratidzo zvekutanga zvakataurwa kare. Retinal detachment inofungwa nguva dzose sechirwere chekurapwa nekukurumidza nekuti kurapwa kwakakanganisika kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwekuona kwenguva refu.

Fonera chiremba weziso rako nekukurumidza kana kuenda kuchipatara chekurapwa nekukurumidza kana ukaona kuwedzera kwakapfupi kwe floaters, chiedza chitsva, kana mumvuri kana ganda richifamba-famba mukuona kwako. Kunyangwe zviratidzo zvichiita sedzisingakuvadzi, zviri nani kuva wakangwarira sezvo retinal detachment inogona kukurumidza kuwedzera.

Usamirire kuona kana zviratidzo zvichinzwa zviri nani pachazvo. Kurapwa kunotanga nekukurumidza, mikana yako yekuchengetedza kuona kwako iri nani. Vachiremba vazhinji veziso vane nhamba dzekufonera dzekukurumidza mumamiriro ezvinhu akaita seizvi.

Kana usingakwanisi kusvika kune nyanzvi yeziso nekukurumidza, shanyira imba yekukurumidza iri pedyo newe. Kunyange zvazvo vachiremba veimba yekukurumidza vangasakwanisi kurapa kubviswa zvakananga, vanogona kuongorora ziso rako uye kuronga kutumira nekukurumidza kune nyanzvi ye retina.

Ndeapi njodzi dze retinal detachment?

Zvinhu zvimwe zvinogona kuwedzera mikana yako yekuwana retinal detachment, kunyange kuva neaya njodzi hazvirevi kuti uchakura iyi mamiriro. Kunzwisisa nhanho yako yengozi kunogona kukubatsira kuramba uchiri kuziva zviratidzo zvekutanga.

Njodzi huru dzinokosha dzinosanganisira:

• Makore anopfuura 50, apo shanduko dzechisikigo mu vitreous gel dzinoitika kazhinji
• Kuona kwakasimba kwepedyo (high myopia), kunyanya mishonga yakasimba kupfuura -6.00 diopters
• Nhoroondo yemhuri ye retinal detachment kana zvirwere zvemagene zvemaziso
• Retinal detachment kare mune rimwe ziso rako
• Kuoperezwa kweziso kare, kusanganisira kubviswa kwe cataract kana nzira dze glaucoma
• Kukuvara kwakakomba kweziso kana kukuvara, kunyange kubva kare kare

Njodzi dzimwe dzinosanganisira kuva nediabetic nekuoma kwe retina, zvirwere zvemagene senge Marfan syndrome, kana zvirwere zvemaziso zvinokonzera kuzvimba. Vanhu vanobatanidzwa mumitambo ine simba kana vanoshanda mumasangano ane njodzi yekukuvara kweziso vanogonawo kuva nemikana yakakwirira zvishoma.

Zvinonakidza, zvimwe zvirwere zvisingawanzoitika zvemagene zvinogona kuita kuti retinal detachment ive nyore kunyangwe muvanhu vaduku. Izvi zvinosanganisira Stickler syndrome, inokanganisa tishu yekubatanidza, uye mamwe ma retinal degenerations anogara achigara.

Ndeapi matambudziko anogona kuitika e retinal detachment?

Chinetso chakakomba chekusarapwa kwe retinal detachment kurasikirwa kwekuona kwenguva refu muziso rakanganisika. Retina inoramba yakabviswa kwenguva yakareba, njodzi yekukuvara kwasingadzoreki kumasero anonzwa chiedza inowedzera.

Kana retinal detachment ichikanganisa macula - chikamu chepakati che retina yako chinoita kuti uone zvakajeka, zvakadzama - unogona kuva nematambudziko ekugara uchiverenga, kuchovha, kana kuziva vanhu kunyangwe mushure mekurapwa kwakabudirira. Ndosaka kuita zvinhu nekukurumidza kwakakosha kwazvo.

Kunyangwe nerapidzo nekukurumidza, vamwe vanhu vanogona kuva nematambudziko anogara achigara senge:

• Kuona kwakaderera usiku kana kuoma kuona muchiedza chidiki
• Kuona kusakwana apo mitsetse yakananga inoita senge yakakombama kana yakakombama
• Kuona kwakaderera kwepiriferal
• Matambudziko nekuona kwakadzika
• Kuwedzera kunzwa chiedza
• Kukura kwe cataracts kubva kune dzimwe nzira dzekuoperezwa

Mumamiriro ezvinhu asingawanzoitika, matambudziko kubva kuoperezwa pachawo anogona kuitika, senge kuzvimba, ropa mukati meziso, kana kuwedzera kumanikidza kweziso. Zvisinei, aya njodzi dzekuoperezwa kazhinji zvidiki pane njodzi yekurasikirwa kwekuona kwenguva refu kubva pakusagadziriswa kwekuvhiringidzika.

Vamwe vanhu vanogonawo kukura kuvhingaidzika zvakare, kunyanya kana vane njodzi dzakawanda kana marudzi akati wandei ekucheka kwe retina. Ndosaka kuchengetedza nguva dzose mushure mekurapwa kwakakosha kwazvo.

Retinal detachment inoziviswa sei?

Kuziva retinal detachment kunosanganisira kuongororwa kwakazara kweziso iro chiremba wako anogona kuita mukati memaminitsi makumi matatu. Maitiro acho akareruka uye kazhinji haana marwadzo, kunyange unganzwa chiedza chisingafadzi mushure meizvozvo.

Chiremba weziso rako anotanga nekudzikisa vadzidzi vako nemadonhwe chaiwo, izvo zvinoita kuti vaone retina yese zvakajeka. Iyi nzira yekudzikisa inotora anenge maminitsi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri uye ichaita kuti kuona kwako kusapfava uye chiedza chisingafadzi kwemaawa akati wandei.

Zvishandiso zvikuru zvekuongorora zvinosanganisira:

• Ophthalmoscopy - kushandisa chiedza chakajeka uye girazi rinowedzera kuona kumashure kweziso rako
• Ultrasound imaging kana kuona kwako kwe retina kuchivharwa neropa kana kuoneka
• Optical coherence tomography (OCT) kugadzira mifananidzo yakadzama ye cross-sectional
• Kuongorora nzvimbo yekuona kuona nzvimbo dzakarasika dzekuona

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chiremba wako angashandisa lens chaiyo yekubata ine girazi kuti awane kuona kwakanaka kwepiriferal retina yako. Iyi nzira, inonzi indirect ophthalmoscopy, inobatsira kuziva kucheka kana kubviswa munzvimbo dzakaoma kuona.

Kuongororwa kwese kunobatsira kuona kwete kungoona kana une kubviswa, asiwo rudzi rwarwo, kukura kwaro, uye nzira yekurapa ichaita zvakanaka kune mamiriro ako chaiwo.

Kurapa kwe retinal detachment ndekupi?

Kurapa kwe retinal detachment kazhinji kunoda kuvhiyiwa, asi mashoko akanaka ndeakuti nzira dzemazuva ano dzekuvhiyiwa dzakabudirira kwazvo kana dzikaitwa nekukurumidza. Nzira chaiyo yechiremba wako inokurudzira inotsamira pane rudzi, saizi, uye nzvimbo yekubviswa kwako.

Kune kucheka diki pasina kubviswa kukuru, chiremba wako angashandisa laser therapy kana kurapwa kwekuchando (cryotherapy) kuti avhare kucheka uye kudzivirira kuparadzana kuri kuwedzera. Aya maitiro anogona kazhinji kuitwa muhofisi uye anobatsira kudzivirira kuvhiyiwa kukuru.

Sarudzo huru dzekuvhiyiwa dzinosanganisira:

• Pneumatic retinopexy - kuisa bhora regasi muziso kuti ridzorere retina panzvimbo
• Scleral buckle - kuisa bhandi rakanyorova pamativi eziso kuti ridzorere rusvingo kuenda kune retina yakabviswa
• Vitrectomy - kubvisa vitreous gel uye kuichinjanisa negasi kana mafuta kuti ichengetedze retina munzvimbo
• Nzira dzemusanganiswa dzinoshandisa nzira dzakawanda kune zviitiko zvakaoma

Mazhinji e retinal detachment surgeries anoitwa sezviitiko zvekunze, zvinoreva kuti unogona kudzokera kumba zuva rimwe chete. Kupora kazhinji kunotora mavhiki akati wandei, panguva iyoyo iwe uchada kutevera mirairo chaiyo yekumisikidza uye miganho yebasa.

Mwero wekubudirira we retinal detachment surgery unokurudzira kwazvo, neanenge 85-90% yezviitiko zvichiburitsa zvakabudirira neimwe nzira. Kunyangwe kuvhiyiwa kuri kuwedzerwa kuchidikanwa, mwero wekubudirira wose unowedzera kusvika pamusoro pe 95%.

Nzira yekudzora kupora kumba mushure me retinal detachment surgery?

Kupora kubva ku retinal detachment surgery kunoda kushivirira uye kutarisisa kwakanyanya kune mirairo yechiremba wako. Maitiro ekupora kazhinji anotora mavhiki maviri kusvika matanhatu, uye kutevera zvakanyatsonaka mirairo mushure mekuvhiyiwa kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya mhedzisiro yako.

Kana chiremba wako akashandisa bhora regasi panguva yekuvhiyiwa, ungada kuchengetedza nzvimbo chaiyo yemusoro kwemazuva kana mavhiki akati wandei. Iyi nzvimbo inobatsira kuchengetedza bhora regasi riri kubata nzvimbo yakabviswa sezvinorapwa.

Mirairo yakakosha yekupora inosanganisira:

• Kutora madonhwe eziso akanyorwa sezvakarayirwa kuti udzivise hutachiona uye kuderedza kuzvimba
• Kudzivisa kusimudza zvinorema, kubendera, kana mabasa ane simba kwemavhiki akati wandei
• Kupfeka chisimbiso chekuchengetedza ziso paunorara
• Kudzivisa kufamba ne ndege kana uine bhora regasi muziso rako
• Kuenda kune zvese zvekutarisa mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kunyangwe uchifunga kuti uri nani
• Kutaura chero kuwedzera kwakapfupi kwerwadzo, shanduko dzekuona, kana zviratidzo zvehutachiona

Panguva yekupora, ungacherechedza shanduko mukuona kwako, ona bhora regasi richifamba muziso rako, kana kunzwa kusagadzikana kwakapfava. Izvi kazhinji zvikamu zvakajairwa zvemaitiro ekupora, asi taura nachiremba wako nguva dzose kana uine hanya.

Vanhu vazhinji vanonetseka nezvebasa ravo panguva yekupora. Kunyange zvazvo uchada kudzivisa mabasa ane simba pakutanga, unogona kazhinji kuita mabasa ezuva nezuva senge kuverenga, kutarisa terevhizheni, kana kufamba kwakapfava sezvinobvumidzwa.

Unofanira kugadzirira sei kusangana kwako nachiremba?

Kugadzirira kusangana kwako kunogona kubatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana kurapwa kwakazara uye usakanganwa zvakakosha nezviratidzo zvako. Sezvo retinal detachment iri yekukurumidza, ungave usina nguva yakawanda yekugadzirira, asi kuunganidza ruzivo rwakakosha kunobatsira chiremba wako kuita sarudzo dzakanakisa dzekurapa.

Usati wasangana nachiremba, nyora pasi kana wakazviona zviratidzo uye maitiro avo akachinja sei nekufamba kwenguva. Cherechedza kana zviratidzo zvichinetsa rimwe kana maziso maviri, uye rondedzera chaizvo zvauri kuona - kana zviri floaters, kupemhemwa, mimvuri, kana nzvimbo dzisina kujeka.

Uya neruzivo urwu newe:

• Ruzivo rwakazara rwemishonga iri kushandiswa ikozvino, kusanganisira mishonga inotengeswa pasina chinyorwa uye zvinowedzerwa
• Magirazi ako kana ma contact lenses
• Makadhi einishuwarenzi uye zvinyorwa
• Ruzivo rwekuoperezwa kweziso kare, kukuvara, kana kurapwa
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yezvirwere zvemaziso kana retinal detachment
• Ruzivo rwekutaurirana kune vamwe vachiremba vanokurapa

Sezvo vadzidzi vako vangangodzikiswa panguva yekuongorora, gadzira kuti mumwe munhu akutakure kumba kana kuronga kushandisa kutakura veruzhinji. Mhedzisiro yekudzikisa inogona kugara kwemaawa mana kusvika matanhatu uye kuita kuti kuchovha kusave kuchengeteka.

Usanetseka kubvunza mibvunzo panguva yekusangana kwako. Kunzwisisa mamiriro ako ezvinhu uye sarudzo dzekurapa kunokubatsira kunzwa wakavimbika nezve kurapwa kwauri kuwana uye zvaunofanira kutarisira kufamba mberi.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezve retinal detachment?

Chinhu chakakosha chokuyeuka nezve retinal detachment ndechekuti chirwere chekurapwa nekukurumidza chinoda kutarisirwa nekukurumidza, asi chinorapika kwazvo kana chakawanikwa pakutanga. Kuziva nekukurumidza zviratidzo uye kurapwa nekukurumidza kunogona kureva musiyano pakati pekuchengetedza kuona kwako uye kurasikirwa kwenguva refu.

Kunyangwe retinal detachment inogona kunzwa inotyisa, nzira dzemazuva ano dzekuvhiyiwa dzine mwero wakanaka wekubudirira. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana kurapwa nekukurumidza vanogona kutarisira kudzoreredza kuona kukuru, kunyanya kana chikamu chepakati che retina chisingakuvadzwi zvakanyanya.

Ramba uchiri kuziva zviratidzo zvekutanga senge floaters dzakapfupi, kupemhemwa kwechiedza, kana mimvuri mukuona kwako, kunyanya kana uine njodzi senge kuona kwakasimba kwepedyo, kuvhiyiwa kweziso kare, kana nhoroondo yemhuri yezvirwere zve retina. Vimba nepfungwa dzako - kana chimwe chinhu chichiita sekasiyana nezvekuona kwako, nguva dzose zvinokosha kuzviongorora.

Yeuka kuti retinal detachment haina marwadzo, saka usamirire kusagadzikana kutsvaga rubatsiro. Kuona kwako kwakakosha, uye kutora zviratidzo zvakakomba kunokupa mukana wakanakisa wekuchengetedza kuona kwako kwemakore ari kuuya.

Mibvunzo inobvunzwa kazhinji nezve retinal detachment

Retinal detachment inogona kuitika kamwe kamwe here?

Hungu, retinal detachment inogona kuitika kamwe kamwe, dzimwe nguva mukati memaawa kana mazuva. Zvisinei, kazhinji inotanga nezviratidzo zvidiki senge floaters itsva kana kupemhemwa kwechiedza usati wafambira mberi kuenda kune zviratidzo zvakajeka senge mimvuri kana kurasikirwa nekuona. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuziva aya zviratidzo zvekutanga uye kutsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza.

Retinal detachment inorwadza here?

Kwete, retinal detachment pachayo kazhinji haina marwadzo. Izvi zvinogona kuva zvinonyengera nekuti kusavapo kwerwadzo kunogona kukufunga kuti mamiriro acho haasi kukomba. Kusavapo kwerwadzo kunoitika nekuti retina haina ma receptors erwadzo, saka uchaona chete zviratidzo zvekuona senge floaters, kupemhemwa, kana shanduko dzekuona.

Maziso maviri anogona kuva ne retinal detachment panguva imwe chete here?

Kunyangwe zvichibvira, zvisingawanzoitika kuti maziso maviri awane retinal detachment panguva imwe chete. Mazhinji ezviitiko anokanganisa rimwe chete ziso pakutanga. Zvisinei, kana uine retinal detachment mune rimwe ziso, une njodzi yakakwira yekuiwana mune rimwe ziso gare gare, ndosaka kuchengetedza nguva dzose maziso maviri kwakakosha.

Kuona kwangu kuchadzoka here kune zvakajairwa mushure me retinal detachment surgery?

Kupora kwekuona kunosiyana zvichienderana nekukurumidza kwakagamuchirwa kurapwa uye kana macula (nzvimbo yekuona pakati) yakakanganisika. Vanhu vazhinji vanodzoreredza kuona kukuru, asi kungasadzoka kune chaizvoizvo chaivepo kare. Kurapwa kunotanga nekukurumidza, mikana yekupora kwakanaka iri nani. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuva ne shanduko diki dzakagara dzichigara senge kuita kusingaperi kana kuona kwakaderera usiku.

Retinal detachment inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Kunyangwe usingakwanisi kudzivirira zviitiko zvese zve retinal detachment, unogona kuderedza njodzi yako nekudzivirira maziso ako pakukuvara, kudzora mamiriro senge chirwere cheshuga zvakanaka, uye kuva nekuongororwa kwakazara kwemaziso nguva dzose, kunyanya kana uine njodzi. Vanhu vane myopia yakakwira kana nhoroondo yemhuri vanofanira kuva vakangwarira zvikuru nezve kuchengetedza maziso nguva dzose uye kuziva zviratidzo zvekutanga.