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Sarcoma rudzi rwekenza runokura muma tishu anobata kana mapfupa emuviri wako. Kusiyana nekenza dzakawanda dzino tanga muma organs akadai semazamu kana mapapu, sarcomas inokura muma connective tissues anotsigira uye anobatanidza zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuviri wako.
Aya marudzi ekenza anogona kuoneka chero kupi muviri wako, kubva kune yako misumbu nemafuta kusvika ku ropa vessels nenerves. Kunyange zvazvo sarcomas ishoma zvikuru kana tichienzanisa nedzimwe mhando dzekenza, kunzwisisa kwavo kunogona kukubatsira kuziva kana chimwe chinhu chichida kurapwa nekukurumidza.
Sarcoma chaizvoizvo boka reanopfuura 70 marudzi akasiyana ekenza ane chimwe chinhu chikuru chakafanana. Zvose zvino tanga pane zvandinoti vanachiremba mesenchymal tissue, iyo ndiyo structural framework yemuviri wako.
Funga nezvemuviri wako seimba. Kana dzimwe mhando dzekenza dzichigona kutanga mu“makamuri” (ma organs), sarcomas inotanga mu“zvinhu zvekuvakira” senge framework, insulation, kana wiring. Izvi zvinosanganisira misumbu yako, tendons, mafuta, ropa vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, uye mapfupa.
Sarcomas inoumba anenge 1% yezvose zvekensa dzevakuru uye anenge 15% yezvekensa dzevana. Kunyange zvazvo zvisingawanzoitika, zvinoda kurapwa kwakakosha nekuti zvinoita zvakasiyana nedzimwe mhando dzekenza.
Vanachiremba vanoparadzanisa sarcomas mumapoka maviri makuru zvichienderana nekwavanobudirira. Iyi classification inobatsira kuona nzira yakanakisa yekurapa yeumwe neumwe munhu.
Soft tissue sarcomas inokura muma tishu anobata, anotsigira emuviri wako. Izvi zvinosanganisira misumbu yako, mafuta, ropa vessels, nerves, tendons, uye lining yezvibatanidzo zvako. Marudzi akajairika anosanganisira liposarcoma (mumafuta tishu), leiomyosarcoma (mumuscle yakapfava), uye synovial sarcoma (pedyo nezvibatanidzo).
Bone sarcomas inokura muma tishu akaoma emuviri wako. Marudzi akajairika anosanganisira osteosarcoma (inowanzoita vana vechidiki), Ewing sarcoma (zvakare inowanzoitika muvechidiki), uye chondrosarcoma (inowanzoitika muvakuru uye inokura mu cartilage).
Mumwe nemumwe mhando une hunhu hwake, nzvimbo dzaanowanzoitika mumuviri, uye mhinduro pakurapa. Timu yako yekurapa ichaziva mhando chaiyo kuburikidza nekuongorora, izvo zvinoitungamira purogiramu yako yekurapa yakagadzirirwa iwe.
Zviratidzo zveSarcoma zvinogona kunge zvisina kujeka pakutanga, ndosaka vazhinji vasingazivi kuti vanoda kurapwa nekukurumidza. Zviratidzo kazhinji zvinoenderana nekwakakura tumor uye kukura kwayo.
Ye soft tissue sarcomas, unogona kuona:
Bone sarcomas kazhinji inokonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana:
Zvizhinji zveizvi zviratidzo zvinogona kuva nezvimwe zvikonzero zvisingakonzere ngozi. Bofu rinogona kuva cyst isina ngozi, uye kurwadziwa kwepfupa kunogona kubva pakukuvara kana arthritis. Zvisinei, chero bofu rinoramba riripo kana kukura, kunyanya hombe kupfuura bhora regofu, rinoda kuongororwa nachiremba.
Chikonzero chaicho chemazhinji eSarcoma hachizivikanwi, izvo zvinogona kunzwa zvisingafadzi kana uri kutsvaga mhinduro. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, sarcomas inokura nekuda kwekuchinja kwemagene kunowanzoitika sezvo masero achigoverana uye achikura mukati mehupenyu hwako.
Zvisinei, vatsvakurudzi vakaziva zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi:
Genetic conditions ine basa mune dzimwe nguva. Zvimwe zvirwere zvinowanikwa kubva pakuberekwa senge Li-Fraumeni syndrome, neurofibromatosis, kana retinoblastoma zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yesarcoma. Aya mamiriro aripo kubva pakuberekwa uye anokanganisa kukura nekugoverana kwemasero.
Kurapwa kwekare kwe radiation kwekensa imwe kunogona kutungamira ku sarcoma makore gare gare. Izvi zvinoitika muhuwandu hudiki hwevanhu vakagamuchira radiation therapy, kazhinji makore 10-20 mushure mekurapwa.
Kuonekwa kwemakemikari kune zvinhu zvakati wandei zvakabatana nekusimukira kwe sarcoma. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuonekwa kwe vinyl chloride, arsenic, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinouraya zvinomera senge Agent Orange.
Kutemwa kwenguva refu muruoko kana gumbo, kazhinji kunonzi lymphedema, kunogona kutungamira kumhando yesarcoma inonzi angiosarcoma. Izvi zvinowanzoitika muvakadzi vakagamuchira kurapwa kwekensa yemazamu.
Mune zviitiko zvisingawanzoitika, zvirwere zvakadai seEpstein-Barr virus kana human herpesvirus 8 zvakabatana nemhando dzakati wandei dze sarcoma, kunyanya muvanhu vane immune system yakasimba.
Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kuva nezvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi hazvirevi kuti uchakura sarcoma. Vazhinji vevanhu vane izvi zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi havambofi vakawana chirwere ichi, uye vazhinji vevanhu vane sarcoma havazivi zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi zvachose.
Unofanira kubata nachiremba wako kana ukaona chero bofu kana mass iri itsva, iri kukura, kana hombe kupfuura bhora regofu. Kunyange zvazvo mazhinji mabofu achizoonekwa kuti haana ngozi, zviri nani kuti aongororwe nachiremba.
Tsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza kana uine:
Usazvidya mwoyo nezvekunetesa chiremba wako nezvinhu zvinokunetsa. Vakadzidziswa kusiyanisa pakati pezviratidzo zvinotyisa uye shanduko dzinowanzoitika. Kuongororwa pakutanga kunogona kupa rugare rwepfungwa uye, kana zvichidiwa, kutungamira pakurapwa pakutanga.
Kunzwisisa zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi kunogona kukubatsira iwe nechikurapa chako kuramba muri vakangwarira nezvinhu zvinogona kuitika. Zvisinei, kuva nezvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi hazvirevi kuti uchakura sarcoma, uye vazhinji vevanhu vasina chero chinhu chinowedzera njodzi vanoita chirwere ichi.
Zvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvinowedzera njodzi zvinosanganisira:
Age inokanganisa njodzi zvakasiyana-siyana yemamwe marudzi. Soft tissue sarcomas inogona kuitika pane chero age asi inowanzoitika muvanhu vane makore anopfuura 50. Bone sarcomas senge osteosarcoma uye Ewing sarcoma inowanzoitika muvana nevakuru vechidiki.
Inherited genetic conditions inowedzera njodzi zvakanyanya. Li-Fraumeni syndrome, inokonzerwa ne mutations mu TP53 gene, inowedzera zvakanyanya njodzi yekenza dzakawanda kusanganisira sarcoma. Neurofibromatosis type 1 inogona kutungamira ku sarcoma ine chekuita nenerves.
Kurapwa kwekensa kare kunogona kuita njodzi kwenguva refu. Vanhu vakagamuchira radiation therapy vane njodzi shoma yakawedzerwa yekukura sarcoma munzvimbo yakarapwa, kazhinji makore mazhinji gare gare.
Zvimwe zvirwere zvemuviri zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi. Chronic lymphedema, Paget's disease of bone, kana kuva ne immune system yakasimba inogona kuwedzera njodzi yemhando dzakati wandei dze sarcoma.
Kuonekwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvebasa kune makemikari senge vinyl chloride, arsenic, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinouraya zvinomera zvakabatana nekuwedzera njodzi yesarcoma, kunyange izvi zvinoumba huwandu hudiki hwezviitiko.
Vazhinji vevanhu vane sarcoma havazivi zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi, izvo zvinotiyeuchidza kuti aya marudzi ekenza kazhinji anokura nekuda kwekuchinja kwemagene kunogona kuitika kune chero munhu.
Sekunge dzimwe mhando dzekenza, sarcomas inogona kukonzera matambudziko kubva muchirwere pachacho uye kubva pakurapwa. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinogona kukubatsira iwe kushanda nechikurapa chako kudzivirira kana kudzora zvakanyanya.
Matambudziko kubva kune tumor pachayo anogona kusanganisira:
Matambudziko ane chekuita nekurapwa anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nenzira inoshandiswa:
Timu yako yekurapa ichakurukura aya njodzi newe uye ichaita kuti kuderedza matambudziko nepo kuwedzera kushanda kwakanyanya kwemishonga. Matambudziko mazhinji anogona kudzivirirwa kana kutarisirwa zvakanaka nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera nekuongororwa.
Kuziva sarcoma kunoda matanho akati kuti kusimbisa kuvapo kwekensa uye kuziva mhando yayo chaiyo. Chiremba wako anotanga nekuongorora kwakakwana uye anozorayira bvunzo dzakakosha sezvinodiwa.
Maitiro ekuongorora kazhinji anotanga nekuongorora kwemuviri apo chiremba wako anonzwa bofu kana nzvimbo yakakanganiswa. Vachabvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, nhoroondo yemishonga, uye nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza.
Imaging tests inobatsira kuona tumor uye hukama hwayo ne tishu dziri pedyo. Chiremba wako anogona kuraira X-ray, CT scan, MRI, kana PET scan. MRI inobatsira zvikuru ye soft tissue sarcomas nekuti inoratidza mifananidzo yakadzama yemisumbu, mafuta, uye mamwe ma tishu anobata.
Biopsy ndiyo bvunzo yakakosha yekuziva sarcoma. Panguva ino, sampuli diki yetishu inobviswa uye inotarwa pasi pemikroskopu. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa ne tsono (needle biopsy) kana kuburikidza nekucheka diki (surgical biopsy).
Laboratory tests pamusampuli ye biopsy inobatsira kuziva mhando chaiyo yesarcoma. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira ma stains chaiwo, genetic testing, kana molecular analysis inotungamira sarudzo dzekurapa.
Bvunzo dzimwe dzinogona kudiwa kuona kana kenza yapararira. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira chest X-rays, CT scans yechipfuva nedumbu, kana bone scans.
Maitiro ese ekuongorora anogona kutora mavhiki akati wandei, izvo zvinogona kunzwa zvakanyanya. Timu yako yekurapa ichakuchengetedza wakaziva nezve chimwe nechimwe nhanho uye zvinoreva zvibereko pakutarisirwa kwako.
Kurapa kweSarcoma kunogadzirirwa munhu mumwe nemumwe zvichienderana nemhando, nzvimbo, kukura, uye nhanho yekenza yako. Timu yako yekurapa ichagadzira purogiramu yekurapa yakagadzirirwa iwe inogona kusanganisira nzira imwe kana dzakawanda.
Surgery ndiyo kurapwa kukuru kwemazhinji eSarcoma. Chinangwa ndechekubvisa tumor yese pamwe chete ne tishu ine hutano yakakomberedza. Ye limb sarcomas, vanachiremba vanoita zvese zvavanogona kuchengetedza basa nepo vachivimbisa kubviswa kwakakwana kwekensa.
Radiation therapy inoshandisa ma beams ane simba rakakura kupwanya masero ekensa. Inogona kupiwa usati waopera kudzikisa tumor, mushure mekuvhiya kubvisa masero ekensa asara, kana sekurapa kukuru kana kuvhiya kusina kukwanisika.
Chemotherapy inosanganisira mishonga inofamba neropa rako kurwisa masero ekensa. Inowanzo shandiswa kune dzimwe mhando dze sarcomas, kunyanya muvana nevakuru vechidiki, kana kenza yapararira.
Targeted therapy ndiyo nzira itsva inorwisa zvinhu zvakati wandei zvemukati memasero ekensa. Aya mishonga iripo kune dzimwe mhando dze sarcomas uye inogona kukonzera zvishoma zvinokonzerwa ne chemotherapy yakajairwa.
Ye bone sarcomas, kurapwa kazhinji kunosanganisira kusanganiswa kwe chemotherapy ne kuvhiya. Chemotherapy inowanzo pihwa usati wavhiya uye mushure mekuvhiya kuvandudza migumisiro.
Purogiramu yako yekurapa ichakurukurwa zvakadzama ne timu yako ye oncology, iyo inogona kusanganisira surgical oncologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, uye vamwe nyanzvi vanoshanda pamwe chete kupa kutarisirwa kwakakwana.
Kutarisira sarcoma kumba kunosanganisira kutsigira muviri wako kuburikidza nekurapwa nepo uchichengeta hupenyu hwako hwakanaka. Timu yako yekurapa ichapa mazano chaiwo, asi kune mazano akajairika anogona kubatsira vanhu vazhinji.
Pain management kazhinji chinhu chakakosha. Tora mishonga inorwisa marwadzo yakapihwa sezvakarayirwa, uye usamirira kusvika kurwadziwa kwava kukuru. Kupisa kana kutonhora kurapa, kuwedzera kwakapfava, uye nzira dzekuzorora zvinogona zvakare kubatsira.
Nutrition support inobatsira muviri wako kupora uye kuchengetedza simba. Dya zvidiki, zvokudya zvakawanda kana uri kusvotwa. Tarisa pazvokudya zvine protein yakawanda, michero, nemiriwo. Gara wakanyorova, uye funga nezve zvinowedzerwa zvekudya kana zvakakurudzirwa ne timu yako.
Activity nekutamba mitambo inofanira kugadziriswa zvichienderana nehunhu hwako uye nhanho yekurapwa. Kuenda kwakapfava, kuwedzera, kana physiotherapy kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza simba nekunyanya. Zorora kana uchida, asi edza kuramba uchishanda sezvinogona.
Wound care mushure mekuvhiya inoda kutevera mirairo yechiremba wako zvakanyanya. Chengeta nzvimbo yakachena uye yakaoma, tarisa zviratidzo zvekuzara, uye enda kune zvese zvekutarisa.
Emotional support yakakoshawo. Bata nemhuri, shamwari, kana mapoka ekutsigira. Funga nezvekurapa kana uri kurwisana nekushushikana kana kuora mwoyo. Mazhinji emakiriniki ekensa anopa mabasa e social work nemapoka ekutsigira.
Tarisa zviratidzo zvinotyisa senge kupisa, kurwadziwa kwasingawanzoitika, kubuda ropa, kana zviratidzo zvekuzara. Chengeta rondedzero ye nguva yekufona nachiremba wako, uye usazengurire kubata navo nemibvunzo kana zvinokunetsa.
Kugadzirira misangano yechiremba kunogona kukubatsira kuti uwane zvakanyanya kubva panguva yenyu pamwe chete uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvose zvinokunetsa zvakatariswa. Kugadzirira kwakanaka kunobatsirawo timu yako yekurapa kupa kutarisirwa kwakanakisa.
Unganidza ruzivo rwako rwemishonga kusanganisira zvibereko zve bvunzo kare, imaging studies, uye pathology reports. Uya nerondedzero yemishonga yese, zvinowedzerwa, uye mavitamini auri kutora, kusanganisira zvikamu nekuwanda.
Nyora mibvunzo yako usati wasangana nachiremba. Tanga nezvinhu zvinokunetsa zvikuru kana nguva ikasara shoma. Mibvunzo inogona kusanganisira sarudzo dzekurapa, zvinokonzerwa, prognosis, kana kuti kurapwa kuchakanganisa sei hupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva.
Uya nemunhu anokutsigira kana zvichikwanisika. Kuva nemhuri kana shamwari kunogona kupa rutsigiro rwepfungwa uye kukubatsira kuyeuka ruzivo rwakakosha rwakakurukurwa panguva yekusangana.
Tsanangura zviratidzo zvako kusanganisira pavakatanga, mavakachinja sei, uye zvinhu zvinoita kuti zvive nani kana zvakanyanya kuipa. Cherechedza chero zviratidzo zvitsva kana zvinokonzerwa nemishonga.
Gadzirira zvinhu zvakakosha nekugadzirisa kutakura, kunyanya kana uchiwana kurapwa kunokanganisa kugona kwako kwekutyaira. Uya nemakadhi e insurance, zvinhu zvinokuzivisa, uye chero copayments inodiwa.
Funga nezvekutora bhuku kana kubvunza kana unogona kurekodha hurukuro kukubatsira kuyeuka zvinhu zvakakosha gare gare. Usatya kubvunza chiremba wako kuti adzokorore kana kutsanangura chero chinhu chisinganzwisisiki.
Sarcoma rudzi rwakasiyana asi rwakakomba rwekensa runogona kukura muma tishu anobata kana mapfupa emuviri wako. Kunyange zvazvo kuziva kunogona kunzwa kwakanyanya, kufambira mberi mukurapa kwavandudza zvikuru migumisiro yevanhu vazhinji vane sarcoma.
Kuziva pakutanga nekurapwa ne timu yakakosha inopa mukana wakanakisa wekubudirira. Kana ukaona chero mabofu anoramba aripo, ma masses ari kukura, kana kurwadziwa kwepfupa kwasingazivikanwi, usazengurire kutsvaga kuongororwa nachiremba.
Yeuka kuti kurapwa kwe sarcoma kunogadzirirwa munhu mumwe nemumwe. Timu yako yekurapa ichaita newe kugadzira purogiramu inofunga kwete kungorwisa kenza, asiwo kuchengetedza hupenyu hwako hwakanaka nemabasa ako.
Kurarama ne sarcoma kunosanganisira kurapwa kwemishonga uye rutsigiro rwepfungwa. Bata nezvinhu, bvunza mibvunzo, uye yeuka kuti hausi wega mu rwendo urwu. Vanhu vazhinji vane sarcoma vanoenderera mberi vachirarama hupenyu hwakanaka, hunoshanda mushure mekurapwa.
Kwete, sarcoma haigari ichikonzera rufu. Prognosis inosiyana zvikuru zvichienderana nemhando, nzvimbo, kukura, uye nhanho yekenza kana yakazivikanwa. Vanhu vazhinji vane sarcoma vanorapwa zvakanaka uye vanorarama hupenyu hwenguva refu. Kuziva pakutanga nekurapwa ne timu dzakakosha kwavandudza zvikuru migumisiro mumakore apfuura.
Mazhinji eSarcoma haagone kudzivirirwa nekuti anokura nekuda kwekuchinja kwemagene kunowanzoitika. Zvisinei, unogona kuderedza zvimwe zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi nekudzivirira kuonekwa kwe radiation kwasingadiwi, kushandisa michina yekudzivirira kana uchishanda nemakemikari, uye kuchengetedza hupenyu hwakanaka. Vanhu vane mamiriro emagene anowedzera njodzi yesarcoma vanofanira kushanda nachiremba wavo kuti vaongororwe zvakakodzera.
Kukurumidza kwesarcoma kukura kunosiyana zvikuru pakati pemamwe marudzi nezviitiko zvemunhu. Dzimwe sarcomas inokura zvishoma nezvishoma pamwedzi kana makore, nepo dzimwe dzichigona kukura nekupararira nekukurumidza. High-grade sarcomas inowanzo kukura nekukurumidza kupfuura low-grade ones. Ndosaka chero bofu idzva kana kuchinja kunofanira kuongororwa nekukurumidza nachiremba.
Sarcomas inokura muma connective tissues emuviri senge misumbu, mapfupa, mafuta, uye ropa vessels, nepo dzimwe mhando dzekenza dzichitanga muma organs kana maglands. Sarcomas ishoma zvikuru, ichigadzira anenge 1% chete yekensa dzevakuru. Inodawo nzira dzakasiyana dzekurapa uye kazhinji inotarisirwa ne timu dzakakosha dze sarcoma.
Hungu, vana vanogona kuwana sarcoma, uye chaizvoizvo inowanzoitika muvana kupfuura muvakuru kune dzimwe mhando. Sarcomas inoumba anenge 15% yekensa dzevana. Bone sarcomas senge osteosarcoma uye Ewing sarcoma inowanzoitika muvechidiki nevakuru vechidiki. Sarcomas dzevana kazhinji inopindura zvakanaka pakurapwa, uye vana vazhinji vanoenderera mberi vachirarama hupenyu hunogara.