Chii Chinonzi Smallpox? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Smallpox chirwere chakakomba chinopatsanurwa chaimbokonzera rufu rwevanhu mamiriyoni pasi rese, asi chakabviswa zvachose nejekiseni muna 1980. Uyu hutachiona hwevirusi hwaikonzeresa kuzvimba kwepfungwa zvakanyanya uye hwaiva nehuwandu hwakakwira hwerufu, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yezvirwere zvinotyisa zvikuru munhoroondo yevanhu.

Nhasi, smallpox iri muma laboratori maviri chete akachengeteka ekutsvagisa. Sangano rehutano renyika rakaita kuti ive chirwere chekutanga chevanhu kubviswa nekuita kwejekiseni pasi rese.

Chii Chinonzi Smallpox?

Smallpox yaive chirwere chinopatsanurwa zvikuru chinokonzerwa nevariola virus. Utachiona hwaipatsanurwa nyore kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe munhu kuburikidza nemadroplets emhepo uye kubata zvakananga nezvinhu zvakasvibiswa.

Chirwere chacho chakapihwa zita kubva kune zvimwe zviduku, zvakazara nemapundu akapfava aifukidza muviri wose. Aya mapundu anorwadza aizopedzisira ave makwara uye awire, kazhinji achisiya mavara asingaperi pane avo vakapona.

Paiva nemhando mbiri huru dzeSmallpox. Variola major yaive mhando yakakomba zvikuru ine huwandu hwerufu hwe20-40%, nepo variola minor yaive nehuwandu hwerufu hushoma kupfuura 1%.

Zviratidzo zveSmallpox Zvaivei?

Zviratidzo zveSmallpox zvaioneka mumapoka, zvichiita kutanga nemanzwiro akafanana nemafuru usati waonekwa kuzvimba kwepfungwa. Zviratidzo zvekuonekwa kare kazhinji zvainyongedza vanhu nekuti zvaifananidza nezvirwere zvakajairika.

Zviratidzo zvepakutanga zvinosanganisira:

• Fivha yakakwira (101-104°F)
• Kurwadziwa kwemusoro zvakanyanya nekukwenya kwemuviri
• Kuneta kwakanyanya nekushaya simba
• Kurwadziwa kwemusana, kunyanya kumusana wakaderera
• Kusvotwa nekurova

Mushure memazuva 2-4, kuzvimba kwepfungwa kwaizoonekwa. Kuzvimba uku kwakafambira mberi mumapoka chaiwo aishandiswa nachiremba kuona chirwere chacho.

Kukura kwekuzvimba kwakatevera iyi nzira:

1. Macheka maduku matsvuku akaonekwa kutanga parurimi nemuromo
2. Macheka matsvuku akapararira pachiso, maoko, nemakumbo mukati memaawa 24
3. Macheka akapfava nemvura, achizova mapundu anorwadza
4. Mapundu akakura makwara akakora
5. Makwara akawira mushure memavhiki 2-4, kazhinji achisiya mavara akadzika

Kuzvimba kwakafukidza muviri wose zvakafanana, kusanganisira maoko nemaoko. Izvi zvakasiyanisa smallpox kubva ku chickenpox, uko kuzvimba kwacho kuoneka mumapoka uye kazhinji hakuvhiringidzi maoko nemaoko.

Chii Chakanga Chiri Chikonzero cheSmallpox?

Variola virus yakakonzera smallpox, iri mumhuri yemavirusi anonzi orthopoxviruses. Uyu virusi waiva wevanhu chete uye haugone kurarama mune dzimwe mhuka kana nharaunda kwenguva yakareba.

Virusi rakapararira nenzira dzakawanda:

• Kufema madroplets apo vanhu vakabatwa vakakotsa kana kukwenya
• Kubata zvakananga nekuzvimba kwepfungwa kana makwara
• Kubata nguo dzakasvibiswa, mubhedha, kana zvimwe zvinhu
• Kubata pedyo chiso nechiso panguva yekukurukurirana

Vanhu vaive vane ngozi zvikuru mukati mevhiki yekutanga yekuzvimba kwepfungwa. Nekudaro, vaigona kupatsanura virusi kubva panguva iyo zviratidzo zvakavamba kusvika makwara ose awira zvachose.

Virusi raiva rine ngozi zvikuru nekuti raigona kurarama pamusoro kwezvinhu kwenguva yakareba. Zvinhu zvakasvibiswa zvakaramba zvichikonzera matambudziko kwemwedzi pasi pemitemo yakakodzera.

Munhu Anofanira Kuona Chiremba Rini Nokuda kweSmallpox?

Munhu wese ane zviratidzo zvinofungidzirwa zveSmallpox aida kutarisirwa kwemishonga nekukurumidza uye kuparadzaniswa. Kusanganiswa kwefivha yakakwira yakateverwa nekuzvimba kwepfungwa kwakakosha kuongororwa kwemishonga nekukurumidza.

Vanhu vaifanira kutsvaga kutarisirwa nekukurumidza kana vakasangana ne:

• Fivha yakakwira ine kurwadziwa kwemusoro zvakanyanya nekukwenya kwemusana
• Kuzvimba kwepfungwa kwakavamba pachiso uye kwakapararira mumuviri
• Kuzvimba kwepfungwa nemacheka akafanana ainyatsosimba uye akadzika
• Kuonekwa kwakazivikanwa nemunhu ane smallpox

Kuziva kare kwakakosha nekuti vanhu vakabatwa vaida kuparadzaniswa kudzivirira kupararira kwevanhu. Vashandi vezvokurapa vaifanira kuzivisa nyaya dzakafungidzirwa kumapurisa ehutano nekukurumidza.

Zvinhu Zvinowedzera Ngozi yeSmallpox Zvaivei?

Tisati tabvisa, zvinhu zvimwe zvakawedzera mikana yako yekubata smallpox. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu zvinowedzera ngozi zvakabatsira nharaunda kudzivirira vanhu vanotambura.

Zvinhu zvikuru zvinowedzera ngozi zvinosanganisira:

• Kubata pedyo nevanhu vakabatwa
• Kurarama munzvimbo dzakakomberedzana kana nzvimbo dzakazara vanhu
• Kusava nejekiseni reSmallpox
• Sisitimu yekudzivirira yakasimba kubva kune dzimwe hosha
• Zera (vana nevakwegura vaive nenjodzi yakakwira)
• Kushanda muhutano kana kubata zvinhu zvakasvibiswa

Vakadzi vane pamuviri vaive nenjodzi yakawedzera, sezvo smallpox yaigona kukonzera kupera kwepamuviri kana kukuvara kwevana. Virusi raigona kupfuudzwa kubva kuna mai kuenda kumwana panguva yepamuviri kana kuberekwa.

Vanhu vane zvirwere zvepanyika sek eczema vaive nenjodzi yakakwira yematambudziko akakomba kana vakagamuchira jekiseni reSmallpox. Izvi zvakagadzira sarudzo dzakaoma pamusoro pejekiseni panguva yekupararira.

Matambudziko Anogona Kuitika eSmallpox Aivei?

Smallpox yakakonzera matambudziko akakomba akazopedzisira achiita rufu kana kusagadzikana kwenguva refu. Aya matambudziko akakanganisa masisitimu akawanda emuviri uye aida kutarisirwa kwemishonga yakakomba.

Matambudziko akajairika anosanganisira:

• Kupararira kwehutachiona hwebhakitiriya hwepanyika
• Pneumonia nedzimwe nyaya dzekufema
• Kunetseka kwepfungwa (encephalitis)
• Kunetseka kwemaziso kunotungamira kune kushaya kuona
• Kushaya mvura kwakanyanya nekukuvadzwa
• Matambudziko emwoyo nedambudziko rekuita ropa

Vamwe vanhu vakawana mhando dzisina kujairika asi dzine ngozi dzeSmallpox. Hemorrhagic smallpox yakakonzera kubuda ropa kwakanyanya uye yaingova nerufu nguva dzose. Smallpox yemhando yakapfava yaive nekufambira mberi kwakanyanya asi yaivewo nerufu rukuru.

Avo vakapona kazhinji vaive nematambudziko asingaperi anosanganisira mavara akadzika, kunyanya pachiso. Vamwe vanhu vakarasikirwa nekuona kwavo, nepo vamwe vakasangana nematambudziko emapfupa kana mamwe matambudziko ehutano asingaperi.

Smallpox Yakaziviswa Sei?

Vanachiremba vakaziva smallpox zvikuru nekubvuma nzira yekuzvimba kwepfungwa nekufambira mberi. Kupararira kwakafanana kwemavara panguva imwe chete yekukura kwakasiyanisa kubva kune dzimwe hosha.

Vashandi vezvokurapa vakatsvaga zvinhu zvakakosha:

• Kuzvimba kwepfungwa kwakavamba pachiso uye kwakapararira pasi
• Macheka achionekwa panguva imwe chete uye achifambira mberi pamwe chete
• Macheka akadzika, akasimba ainyatsoita sematombo maduku pasi peganda
• Kubatanidzwa kwemaoko nemaoko
• Fivha yakapfuura uye chirwere chakakomba

Kuongororwa kwema laboratori kunogona kusimbisa kuziva nekutsvaga variola virus. Vanachiremba vakaunganidza zvikamu kubva kumavara uye vakazituma kuma laboratori chaiwo ekutsvagisa.

Munyaya dzakafungidzirwa, vakuru vehutano hwevanhu vakatarisawo mabviro anogona kuonekwa. Izvi zvekutsvaga zvakabatsira kuziva mamwe mamiriro anogona kuitika uye kudzivirira kupararira kwakawanda.

Kurapa kweSmallpox Kwainge Kwakadini?

Hakuna kurapa kwakakosha kwevirusi kweSmallpox, saka vanachiremba vakatarisa pakutarisira kwetsigiro uye kutonga matambudziko. Chinangwa chaive chekuchengeta varwere vakasununguka nepo masisitimu avo ekudzivirira achirovera utachiona.

Nzira dzekurapa dzinosanganisira:

• Kuparadzaniswa kudzivirira kupararira kwechirwere
• Kutonga fivha nekuzorodza uye mvura
• Kubvisa marwadzo nemishonga yakakodzera
• Antibiotics yehutachiona hwebhakitiriya hwepanyika
• Kutarisira zvakanaka maronda kudzivirira hutachiona hwakawanda
• Rutsigiro rwekudya nemvura

Mamwe kurapa ekutsvagisa akaratidza tariro asi aisawanikwa zvakanyanya. Mishonga yevirusi senge cidofovir yakayedzwa asi haina kumboratidzwa kuva inoshanda munyaya dzevanhu.

Kurapa kwakakosha kwacho chaive kudzivirira kuburikidza nejekiseni. Jekiseni reSmallpox raigona kudzivirira hutachiona kunyangwe mushure mekuonekwa kana rapihwa mukati memazuva 3-4.

Smallpox Yaigona Kudzivirirwa Sei?

Jekiseni yaive nzira inoshanda kwazvo yekudzivirira smallpox uye pakupedzisira yakaita kuti ibviswe zvachose. Jekiseni rakapa kudzivirira kwakagara kwemakore mazhinji mushure mekupiwa.

Nzira dzekudzivirira dzinosanganisira:

• Zvirongwa zvejekiseni zvevanhu vose
• Jekiseni rinopoteredza nyaya dzakaziviswa
• Kuparadzaniswa kwevanhu vakabatwa
• Kuparadzaniswa kwevanhu vakabatwa
• Kubata zvakanaka uye kubvisa zvinhu zvakasvibiswa
• Kutarisira kwehutano hwevanhu nekuzivisa

Chirongwa chekubvisa pasi rese chakashandisa nzira yakarongedzwa inonzi ring vaccination. Izvi zvakasanganisira kuita jekiseni kune munhu wese akabatana nevanhu vakaziviswa, kugadzira chidziviriro kumativi ekupararira.

Nhasi, jekiseni reSmallpox rakamira nekuti chirwere chacho hachisipo. Nekudaro, vamwe vashandi vemauto nevashandi vema laboratori vachiri kuwana jekiseni sekuchengetedza.

Chii Chinonyanya Kukosha Nezve Smallpox?

Smallpox inoratidza imwe yezvinhu zvikuru zvekubudirira kwezvokurapa - kubviswa zvachose kwechirwere chinouraya kuburikidza nekuita kwejekiseni pasi rese. Iyi budiriro inoratidza zvinogoneka kana nyika ichishanda pamwe chete pane zvinetso zvehutano hwevanhu.

Chirwere chaimboita kuti vanhu vatyiswe uye chakauraya mamiriyoni evanhu chazvino chiri muma laboratori maviri chete akachengeteka. Iyi budiriro inoshamisa yakatora makore mazhinji ekutsunga, kugadzira sayenzi, nekubatana kwevanhu vepasi rese.

Kunyangwe smallpox yabviswa, zvidzidzo zvakadzidzwa kubva pakubviswa kwayo zvinoramba zvichiita kuti tive nehanya nezvirwere zvinopatsanurwa. Kubudirira kunoratidza kuti nejekiseni yakakodzera, kutarisira, nekubatana kwevanhu vepasi rese, tinogona kukunda kunyange zvirwere zvinotyisa zvikuru.

Kunzwisisa nhoroondo yeSmallpox kunotibatsirawo kunzwisisa kukosha kwezvirongwa zvejekiseni uye nzvimbo dzehutano hwevanhu. Aya masisitimu anotidzivirira kubva pakupararira kwezvirwere uye anoratidza kudzivirirwa kwakanakisa kwevanhu kubva kune zvirwere zvinopatsanurwa.

Mibvunzo Inobvunzwa Kazhinji Nezve Smallpox

Smallpox inogona kudzoka zvakasikwa here?

Kwete, smallpox haigone kudzoka zvakasikwa nekuti virusi harisipo munzvimbo. Variola virus yaive yevanhu chete uye haina kukwanisa kurarama mumhuka kana nharaunda kwenguva yakareba. Kubvira pakaziviswa nyaya yekupedzisira muna 1977, hapana chinhu chinogona kuita kuti virusi idzoke zvakasikwa.

Jekiseni reSmallpox richiri kupiwa nhasi here?

Jekiseni reSmallpox rakamira muna 1970 nekuti chirwere chacho chakabviswa. Nekudaro, vamwe vashandi vemauto, vashandi vema laboratori, nevabatsiri vema emergency vachiri kuwana jekiseni sekuchengetedza. Jekiseni racho rakazarawo kuti rishandiswe kana paine njodzi yezvibatanidzwa zvebioterrorism.

Smallpox yakasiyana sei ne chickenpox?

Smallpox ne chickenpox zvirwere zvakasiyana zvakakonzera nemavirusi akasiyana. Smallpox lesions akaonekwa zvakafanana mumativi ose emuviri panguva imwe chete, kusanganisira maoko nemaoko. Chickenpox lesions anoonekwa mumapoka panguva dzakasiyana uye kazhinji haavhiringidzi maoko nemaoko. Smallpox yaive ine ngozi zvikuru ine huwandu hwerufu hwakakwira.

Smallpox inogona kushandiswa sechombo che biological here?

Izvi zvinoramba zviri kunetseka kune vanachiremba vezvakavanzika nekuti virusi richiri muma laboratori maviri. Nekudaro, kutarisirwa kwakakomba kwevanhu vepasi rese uye matanho ekudzivirira anochengetedza izvi zvikamu. Masisitimu ehutano hwevanhu anochengetedza marongero ekukurumidza kudzivirira uye jekiseni kuti atarise chero njodzi inogona kuitika.

Chii chaizoitika kana munhu akabatwa neSmallpox nhasi?

Kana nyaya ikabuda nhasi, yaizokonzera kukurumidza kupindura kwevanhu vepasi rese. Munhu wacho aizoparadzaniswa, vanhu vakabatana vaizotsvakwa uye vaizopiwa jekiseni, uye vakuru vehutano hwevanhu vepasi rese vaizobatanidza zvekudzivirira. Sezvo vanhu vakawanda vasina kuitwa jekiseni, kupindura nekukurumidza kwaizokosha kudzivirira kupararira.