Chii chinonzi Tetralogy of Fallot? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Tetralogy of Fallot ibatanidzwa rematambudziko mana emwoyo akazvarwa navana, zvichiita kuti ive chirwere chinowanzoitika chemwana. Iyi mamiriro anoita kuti ropa riyerere sei mumoyo wemwana wako uye kumapfupa avo, zvinoreva kuti muviri wavo hauna ropa rakakwana rakaguta oksijeni.

Kunyangwe kunzwa izvi zvinogona kunzwa zvakanyanya, zvakakosha kuziva kuti tetralogy of Fallot inonzwisiswa zvakanaka nevanachiremba vezvipembenene zvemwana. Nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera nekurapa, vana vazhinji vane iyi mamiriro vanoenda kurarama hupenyu hwakazara, hunoshanda.

Chii chinonzi Tetralogy of Fallot?

Tetralogy of Fallot chirwere chemwoyo chine matambudziko mana chaiwo anoshanda pamwe chete. Zita racho rinobva kuna chiremba weFrench Étienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, uyo akatsanangura kekutanga matambudziko mana ose achibatanidzwa pamwe chete muna 1888.

Aya matambudziko mana emwoyo ndiko gomba pakati pekamuri dzemoyo dzakaderera, nzira yakamanikana kumapfupa, tsandanyama yemoyo yakakura, uye artery huru yakamiswa pamusoro pegomba panzvimbo pekungova pamusoro pekamuri yekuruboshwe. Kana aya matambudziko abatanidzwa, anodzivirira mwoyo wemwana wako kuburitsa ropa rakazara oksijeni zvakakwana kumumuviri wavo.

Iyi mamiriro anoitika mukati memavhiki masere ekutanga ekuhwana kana mwoyo wemwana wako uri kuumbwa. Inowanikwa muvana vanenge 3 kusvika ku5 pane vane 10,000 vakazvarwa, zvichiita kuti ive isingawanzoitika asi kwete isingawanzoitiki zvakanyanya.

Ndeapi zviratidzo zveTetralogy of Fallot?

Chiratidzo chikuru chaunozowana iruvara rwebhuruu kune ganda remwana wako, miromo, nemisumari, inonzi cyanosis. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti ropa ravo haritakuri oksijeni yakakwana kusangana nezvinodiwa nemuviri wavo.

Ndichaenda newe nezviratidzo zvaunogona kuona, uchifunga kuti mwana wese akasiyana uye zviratidzo zvinogona kubva pakaderera kusvika pakanyanya kuoneka:

• Ganda rebhuruu, kunyanya kutenderera miromo, minwe, neminwe yemunwe
• Kunetseka kudya kana kudya, vana vachida kupumha kazhinji kazhinji
• Kukura kwakaderera kunyangwe vaine chido chakanaka
• Kuneta nyore panguva yekutamba kana mabasa emuviri
• Kushomeka kwemhepo, kunyanya panguva yekuchema kana kushanda nesimba
• Zviitiko zvinouya apo mwana wako anogara pasi panguva yekutamba (izvi zvinobatsira kuti anzwe nani)
• Kuora mwoyo, kunyangwe izvi zvisingawanzoitiki
• Kuumbwa kweminwe neminwe yemunwe, apo inova yakakomberedzwa uye yakakura nekufamba kwenguva

Vamwe vana vanogadzira zvinonzi madokota kuti "tet spells" - zviitiko zvinouya apo vanova bhuruu zvikuru uye vangaratidzika vakaneta. Munguva idzi, unogona kuona mwana wako achizviisa pasi, izvo zvinobatsira kuvandudza kuyerera kweropa kumapfupa avo.

Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti zviratidzo zvinogona kusiyana zvikuru kubva kumwana kuenda kune mumwe. Vamwe vana vanoratidza zviratidzo zvakajeka mushure mekuberekwa, nepo vamwe vangasawana zviratidzo zvinonzwisisika kusvika vava vane simba sevana vaduku.

Chii chinokonzera Tetralogy of Fallot?

Tetralogy of Fallot inoitika kana mwoyo wemwana wako usingaumbiki zvakanaka mukati memwedzi miviri yekutanga yekuzvitakura. Chikonzero chaicho chekuti izvi zvinoitika hachizivisike zvizere, uye zvakakosha kuziva kuti hapana chawakaita kana kusaita panguva yekuzvitakura chakakonzera iyi mamiriro.

Heano zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mukana weiyi chirwere chemwoyo, kunyangwe vana vazhinji vane tetralogy of Fallot vanoberekwa kuvabereki vasina njodzi chero ipi zvayo:

• Kuva nemuridzi ane chirwere chemwoyo chakazvarwa nacho
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini senge Down syndrome kana DiGeorge syndrome
• Chirwere cheamai panguva yekuzvitakura, senge chirwere cheshuga kana phenylketonuria
• Zera remai rinopfuura makore 40
• Kushandisa doro panguva yekuzvitakura
• Kushomeka kwezvokudya panguva yekuzvitakura
• Mishonga yakatorwa panguva yekuzvitakura

Muitiko usina kujairika, tetralogy of Fallot inogona kuva chikamu chechirwere chemajini. Vamwe vana vangave nezvimwe zvinhu senge kusiyana kwekuziva kana kukura kwakaderera, asi vana vazhinji vane tetralogy of Fallot vanokura zvakanaka kunze kwechirwere chemwoyo chavo.

Yeuka kuti zvirwere zvemwana zvakajairika zvakanyanya, zvichikurudzira vana vanenge 1 pane vane 100. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti mamiriro emwana wako akaonekwa kuitira kuti vagamuchire kutarisirwa kwavanoda.

Rini unofanira kuona chiremba weTetralogy of Fallot?

Kana ukaona ruvara rwebhuruu paganda remwana wako, miromo, kana misumari, taura nachiremba wako wevana nekukurumidza. Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru kana ruvara rwebhuruu ruchioneka panguva yekuchema, kudya, kana kushanda nesimba.

Unofanira kutsvaka rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza kana mwana wako akawana bhuruu rakakomba zvakanyanya, kunetseka kufema, kuora mwoyo, kana achiratidzika kuneta zvakanyanya kana kusava nesimba. Izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zve "tet spell" inoda kutarisirwa kwemurapi nekukurumidza.

Zvakataurwa izvozvo, vana vazhinji vane tetralogy of Fallot vanoziviswa panguva yekutarisa kwepakati pekuhwana kana mushure mekuberekwa panguva yekutarisa vana vachangoberekwa. Kana mwana wako atove nezviratidzo, chiremba wako wevana wekardiologist achakuudza nezviratidzo zvekuona uye kana kufona.

Ndeapi njodzi dzeTetralogy of Fallot?

Vana vazhinji vakazvarwa vane tetralogy of Fallot havafaniri kuzivikanwa njodzi, zvinoreva kuti iyi mamiriro inogona kuitika kumhuri ipi zvayo. Nekudaro, kunzwisisa njodzi dzinogona kuitika kunogona kukubatsira kuva nehurukuro dzakarongeka nechikwata chako chehutano.

Njodzi dzakazivikanwa nemadhora dzinosanganisira zvinhu zvemajini nezvakatipoteredza:

• Nhoroondo yemhuri yezvirwere zvemwana zvakazvarwa nacho
• Zvirwere zvemajini senge Down syndrome, DiGeorge syndrome, kana Alagille syndrome
• Zera remai rakanyanya (kupfuura makore 35-40)
• Chirwere cheshuga cheamai kana phenylketonuria
• Kushandiswa kwemishonga neamai panguva yekuzvitakura
• Kunwa doro neamai panguva yekuzvitakura
• Zvirwere zvehutachiona zveamai panguva yekuzvitakura
• Kushomeka kwezvokudya neamai panguva yekuzvitakura

Muitiko usina kujairika, tetralogy of Fallot inoitika sechigadzirwa chechirwere chikuru chemajini. Vana vane aya marudzi vangave nezvimwe zvinetso zvehutano kunze kwechirwere chemwoyo chavo, asi mamiriro emwana wese akasiyana.

Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti kuva nenjodzi hazvirevi kuti mwana wako achava nezvinetso zvemwana, uye kusava nenjodzi hazvivimbiswi kuti havazove nazvo. Zviitiko zvakawanda zvinoitika pasina chikonzero chakajeka.

Ndeapi matambudziko anogona kuitika eTetralogy of Fallot?

Pasina kurapwa, tetralogy of Fallot inogona kutungamira kumatambudziko akakomba sezvo mwana wako achikura. Mashoko akanaka ndeawo kuti nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera kwemurapi, matambudziko mazhinji aya anogona kudzivirirwa kana kutarisirwa zvakakodzera.

Ndichakurumidza matambudziko anotarirwa nemadhora, kuitira kuti uzive kuti chikwata chako chekurapa chiri kushanda kudzivirira:

• Matambudziko emwoyo (arrhythmias) anogona kukanganisa kuti mwoyo unopomba zvakanaka sei
• Kukundikana kwemwoyo, apo mwoyo unotadza kupomba ropa rakakwana kusangana nezvinodiwa nemuviri
• Rufu rwakangoitika rwemwoyo, kunyangwe izvi zvisingawanzoitiki nekurapwa kwakakodzera
• Zvidimbu zveropa zvinogona kufamba kuenda kuuropi uye kukonzera kurohwa
• Uropi abscesses, izvo zvisingawanzoitiki asi zvirwere zvakakomba
• Endocarditis, chirwere chekunze kwemoyo
• Kukura kwakaderera nekuda kwekushomeka kweoksijeni kwenguva refu
• Matambudziko etsinga nekuda kweropa rakaderera

Mamwe matambudziko ane mukana mukuru wekuitika kuvana vasina kuita kuvhiya, nepo vamwe vangakurira kunyangwe mushure mekurapwa kwakabudirira. Ndosaka kutarisirwa kwenguva dzose nekutevera nachiremba wevana wekardiologist kwakakosha muhupenyu hwemwana wako.

Njodzi yematambudziko inosiyana zvikuru kubva kumwana kuenda kune mumwe. Chiremba wako achabatsira kunzwisisa nhanho yengozi yemwana wako chaiye uye matanho aunogona kutora kuderedza matambudziko anogona kuitika.

Tetralogy of Fallot inoziviswa sei?

Zviitiko zvakawanda zve tetralogy of Fallot zvinoonekwa kekutanga panguva yekutarisa kwepakati pekuhwana, kazhinji pakati pevhiki 18 ne22. Kana ikasawanikwa usati wazvarwa, madokota kazhinji anoziva mukati memazuva mashoma ekutanga kana mavhiki ehupenyu kana vakaona zviratidzo.

Kuongororwa kwemwana wako kuchabatanidza bvunzo dzakawanda dzinoita kuti madokota anzwisise kuti mwoyo wavo uri kushanda sei. Aya bvunzo akagadzirirwa kuva nyore sezvinobvira kumwana wako mudiki:

• Echocardiogram - ultrasound isina marwadzo yemoyo inoratidza chimiro chayo nebasa rayo
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) - inoyerera basa remagetsi remwoyo uchishandisa zvinamato zviduku pachipfuva
• Chest X-ray - inopa mifananidzo yemoyo nemapfupa
• Pulse oximetry - chigadzirwa chidiki pachigunwe kana chitsitsinho chinoyerera mazinga eoksijeni
• Cardiac catheterization - bvunzo yakadzama inoshandiswa mune dzimwe nguva usati waita kuvhiya
• MRI kana CT scan - bvunzo dzakakwana dze mifananidzo dzinoshandiswa pakuronga kuvhiya

Echocardiogram kazhinji ndiyo bvunzo inokosha nekuti inoratidza madokota matambudziko mana ose zvakajeka. Iyi bvunzo isina marwadzo inoshandisa mafungu esound kugadzira mifananidzo inofamba yemoyo wemwana wako, uye inogona kuitwa apo mwana wako akarara.

Dzimwe nguva madokota anoda bvunzo dzakawanda kuronga nzira yakanakisa yekurapa. Chiremba wako wevana wekardiologist achakurumidza bvunzo dzinodiwa nemwana wako uye nei imwe neimwe yakakosha pakutarisirwa kwavo.

Kurapa kweTetralogy of Fallot ndekupi?

Kuvhiya ndiko kurapwa kukuru kwe tetralogy of Fallot, uye mashoko akanaka ndeawo ekuti nzira dzekubatanidza dzakavandudzwa zvikuru kwemakore. Vana vazhinji vanoda kuvhiya kwakakodzera, kazhinji kunoitika mukati megore rekutanga kana maviri ehupenyu.

Chirongwa chekurapa chemwana wako chichaenderana nekuti mamiriro avo akakomba sei. Ndichaenda newe nezvikamu zvikuru zve kurapa:

• Kuvhiya kwakakwana kwakakodzera - kurapwa kunonyanya kufarirwa kunogadzirisa matambudziko mana ose mune imwe chiitiko
• Kuvhiya kwenguva pfupi (shunt) - kugadzira nzira imwe yeropa kusvika kumapfupa kusvika kugadziriswa kwakakwana kuchikwanisika
• Balloon valvuloplasty - nzira isingawanzoitiki inogona kubatsira mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo
• Mishonga yekutsigira basa remwoyo usati waita kuvhiya
• Kurapa kweoksijeni kana zvichidiwa
• Kutsigirwa kwezvokudya kubatsira kukura nekukura

Kuvhiya kwakakwana kwakakodzera kazhinji kunosanganisira kuvhara gomba pakati pekamuri dzemoyo, kuwedzera nzira yakamanikana kumapfupa, uye dzimwe nguva kuchinja pulmonary valve. Iyi kuvhiya huru kazhinji inotora maawa akawanda uye inoda kugara mune pediatric intensive care unit mushure maizvozvo.

Vamwe vana vangada kuvhiya kwenguva pfupi kekutanga, kunyanya kana vakaduku kwazvo kana vane zvimwe zvinetso zvehutano. Izvi zvinogadzira chubhu diki yekubatanidza inobvumira ropa rakawanda kufamba kumapfupa kusvika vagadzirira kugadziriswa kwakakwana.

Chiremba wako wevana we cardiac surgeon achakurukura nguva yakanakisa uye nzira yemwana wako chaiye. Vachatarisa zvinhu senge saizi yemwana wako, hutano hwese, uye kukomba kwezviratidzo zvavo.

Maitiro ekutarisira kumba panguva yekurapa kweTetralogy of Fallot?

Kutarisira mwana ane tetralogy of Fallot kumba kunosanganisira kuve nechokwadi nezvinodiwa zvavo nepo uchivabatsira kurarama sezvakajairika sezvinobvira. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichakupa mirairo chaiyo, asi heano mazano akajairika anogona kubatsira.

Kutarisirwa kwezuva nezuva kunotarisa pakutarisa hutano hwemwana wako uye kutsigira kukura kwavo:

• Tarisa kuchinja muvara weganda, kunyanya kuwedzera kwebhuruu
• Bvuma kupumha kazhinji panguva yekudya nekukwira
• Iva nechokwadi chekudya kwakanaka nezvokudya zvine macalorie akawanda kana zvakakurudzirwa
• Dzivirira hutachiona nekuchenesa maoko zvakanaka uye kudzivisa vanhu vane chirwere
• Pa mishonga chaizvo sezvakanyorwa
• Chengeta maitiro ekurara akajairika
• Kurudzira mabasa anokodzera zera nepo uchiremekedza miganho yemwana wako

Kana mwana wako ane "tet spells" apo vanova bhuruu zvakanyanya kamwe kamwe, vabatsire kuita knee-chest position (senge kugara pasi) uye gara wakadzikama nepo uchifona nachiremba wako. Zviitiko zvakawanda zvinogadziriswa nekukurumidza, asi zvinoda nguva dzose kutarisirwa kwemurapi.

Yeuka kuti vana vazhinji vane tetralogy of Fallot vanogona kubatanidzwa mumabasa ehudiki akajairika, kunyangwe vangada kupumha kazhinji kazhinji. Chiremba wako wekardiologist achakuudza nezvemiganho yebasa zvichienderana nemamiriro emwana wako chaiwo.

Unofanira kugadzirira sei misangano yako yechiremba?

Kugadzirira misangano yekardiologist kunogona kukubatsira kuita zvakanyanya panguva yako nemunyanzvi wemwana wako. Uya wakagadzirira kukurukura hupenyu hwemwana wako zuva nezuva uye chero zvinetso zvawaona.

Heano zvaunofanira kuunza nekugadzirira misangano yako:

• Ruzivo rwemishonga iripo nehuwandu chaihwo nenguva
• Chati yekukura yemwana wako uye marekodhi ekudya
• Zvinyorwa nezviratidzo kana kuchinja kwaona
• Mibvunzo nezvemaitiro ekushanda, kukura, kana kukura
• Mhinduro dzebvunzo dzekare kana mishumo kubva kune vamwe madokota
• Makadhi einishuwarenzi uye zvinhu zvinozivikanwa
• Chinhu chinonyaradza chemwana wako panguva yebvunzo

Usazengurire kubvunza mibvunzo nezve chero chinhu chisinganzwisisiki. Chikwata chako chekurapa chinoda kuti unzwe wakavimbika nezvekutarisirwa kwemwana wako, saka vachatora nguva yekutsanangura maitiro, mhinduro dzebvunzo, uye mapurani ekurapa.

Zvinogona kubatsira kunyora ruzivo rwakakosha panguva yemuchato, kana kubvunza kana unogona kurekodha zvikamu zvakakosha zvekukurukurirana. Mhuri dzakawanda dzinowana zvinobatsira kuuya nemumwe munhu kana nhengo yemhuri kuti vabatane uye kubatsira kurangarira ruzivo rwakakosha.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezve Tetralogy of Fallot?

Tetralogy of Fallot chirwere chakakomba asi chinorapika chemwoyo chinokanganisa zviuru zvevana gore rega rega. Nekufambira mberi mukuvhiya kwemwoyo wevana nekutarisirwa kwenguva dzose kwemurapi, vazhinji vevana vane iyi mamiriro vanogona kutarisira kurarama hupenyu hwakazara, hunoshanda.

Chinhu chakakosha chokurangarira ndechekuti kuongororwa kwakakurumidza nekurapwa kwakakodzera kunoita musiyano mukuru mumigumisiro. Chikwata chekurapa chemwana wako chine ruzivo rwakawanda nezve iyi mamiriro uye chichavashandira pamwe chete newe kupa kutarisirwa kwakanakisa kunobvira.

Kunyangwe rwendo urwu runogona kunzwa rwuri kuomesa panguva dzakawanda, mhuri dzakawanda dzinowana kuti kuva nemwana ane tetralogy of Fallot dzinovadzidzisa nezvekuomerera, kutsigira kurapwa, uye kukosha kwekupemberera chero chiitiko. Mwana wako anogona kukura kuti abatanidzwe mumitambo, afambire mberi dzidzo, ave nebasa, uye atange mhuri dzavo.

Mibvunzo inobvunzwa kazhinji nezve Tetralogy of Fallot

Mwana wangu achakwanisa kutamba mitambo uye kuva ane simba here?

Vana vazhinji vane tetralogy of Fallot yakagadziriswa vanogona kubatanidzwa mumitambo uye mabasa emuviri, kunyangwe vangada shanduko. Chiremba wako wekardiologist achaongorora basa remwoyo remwana wako chaiwo uye kupa mirairo nezvemabasa akachengeteka. Vamwe vana vangada kudzivisa mitambo ine makwikwi kana ine simba rakakwira, nepo vamwe vanogona kubatanidzwa zvizere nekutarisa nguva dzose.

Mwana wangu achada kutarisirwa kwenguva yakareba sei mushure mekuvhiya?

Vana vane tetralogy of Fallot vanoda kutarisirwa kwenguva refu kwe cardiology, kunyangwe mushure mekuvhiya kwakabudirira. Pakutanga, misangano inogona kuva mwedzi mishoma, ipapo kazhinji kamwe kana kaviri pagore sezvo mwana wako achikura. Huwandu hunoenderana nekuti mwoyo wavo uri kushanda zvakanaka sei uye kana matambudziko akaitika. Kutarisirwa kwenguva dzose kunobatsira kubata chero matambudziko pakutanga uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti mwana wako anoramba aine hutano sezvinobvira.

Tetralogy of Fallot inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana nzira yekudzivirira tetralogy of Fallot sezvo inoitika zvisingatarisirwi panguva yekuzvitakura. Nekudaro, kuchengetedza kutarisirwa kwakanaka kwepakati pekuhwana, kutora mavhitamini epakati pekuhwana ane folic acid, kudzivisa doro nekuputa panguva yekuzvitakura, uye kutarisira chero mamiriro ehutano cheamai kunogona kutsigira kukura kwemoyo kwese. Zviitiko zvakawanda zvinoitika pasina chikonzero chakajeka kana njodzi dzinogona kudzivirirwa.

Mwana wangu achada kuvhiya zvakawanda sezvo achikura here?

Vamwe vana vangada mamwe maitiro sezvo vakura, asi vazhinji vanoita zvakanaka nekugadziriswa kwavo kekutanga. Kudikanwa kwekuvhiya kwenguva yemberi kunoenderana nezvinhu senge kuti kugadziriswa kekutanga kunobata sei, kana mavalves emwoyo achida kuchinjwa, uye kuti mwoyo wemwana wako unokura sei. Chiremba wako wekardiologist achaongorora basa remwoyo remwana wako nekufamba kwenguva uye kukurukura chero maitiro emangwana anogona kubatsira.

Ndinofanira kuudza mwana wangu nezvechirwere chemwoyo chavo here?

Zvakakosha kutaura nemwana wako nezvechirwere chemwoyo chavo munzira dzakakodzera zera. Vana vaduku vanogona kunzwisisa kuti vane mwoyo wakasarudzika waida kugadziriswa, uye ndosaka vanoona chiremba wemwoyo. Sezvo vakura, unogona kupa tsananguro dzakawanda. Kuva wakavimbika uye akanaka kunobatsira vana kukura kunzwisisa kwakanaka kwemamiriro avo uye kuvaka chivimbo mukutarisira hutano hwavo sezvo vakura.