Tapvr

Kudzoka Kusingawanzo Kwema veins emapapu (TAPVR)

Mukudzoka kusingawanzo kwema veins emapapu (TAPVR), ma veins emapapu anotumira ropa zvisina kunaka kuchikamu chepamusoro chekurudyi chemoyo. Icho chikamu chinonzi atrium yekurudyi. Somugumisiro, ropa rakazara oksijeni rino sanganiswa neropa risina oksijeni, sezvinoratidzwa nemuvara wemupepuru. Mumo yo yakajairwa, inoratidzwa kuruboshwe, ropa rakazara oksijeni rinoyerera kubva kuma veins emapapu kuenda kuchikamu chepamusoro chekuruboshwe, chinonziwo atrium yekuruboshwe.

Kudzoka kusingawanzo kwema veins emapapu (TAPVR) inyaya yemo yo isingawanzoitika iripo kubva pakuberekwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chirwere chemoyo chakaberekwa nacho.

Mazita mamwe echirwere ichi ndeiyi:

• Kubatana kusingawanzo kwema veins emapapu
• TAPVC

Mune chirwere ichi chemoyo, midziyo yeropa yemanyoka, inonzi ma veins emapapu, inobatanidza panzvimbo isina kunaka mumo yo.

Mumo yo yakajairwa, ropa rakazara oksijeni rinoyerera kubva ku mapapu kuenda kuchikamu chepamusoro chekuruboshwe chemoyo, chinonzi atrium yekuruboshwe. Ropa rinobva rayo raitevera muviri.

Mune TAPVR, kubatanidzwa kwema veins kuchinja. Ropa rinoyerera nechikamu chepamusoro chekurudyi chemoyo, chinonzi atrium yekurudyi. Iyi shanduko yekuyerera kweropa inokonzera ropa risina oksijeni kusanganiswa neropa rakazara oksijeni. Somugumisiro, ropa rinoyerera mumuviri harina oksijeni yakakwana.

Mhando chaiyo yeTAPVR inotsamira pakubatanidzwa kwema veins. Vana vazhinji vanoberekwa neTAPVR hava na nhoroondo yemhuri yehosha yemo yo yakaberekwa nayo.

Mwana ane TAPVR anogona kuva nematambudziko ekufemba. Ganda remwana rinogona kutaridzika kurema kana kuti riine ruvara rwebhuruu nekuda kwekushomeka kweokisijeni. Izvi zvinonzi cyanosis.

Chiremba anogona kuona zviratidzo zveTAPVR nekukurumidza mushure mekuberekwa. Asi vamwe vana havaone zviratidzo kusvika gare gare.

Chiremba wemwana wako anoita bvunzo yemuviri uye anoteerera mwoyo wemwana wako ne stethoscope. Inzwi rekuchema, rinonzi heart murmur, rinogona kunzwika.

Echocardiogram ndiyo bvunzo inoshandiswa kuona chirwere che total anomalous pulmonary venous return. Bvunzo iyi inoshandisa mafungu ekuita mifananidzo yemwoyo uchifamba. Echocardiogram inogona kuratidza pulmonary veins, chero maburi ari mumwoyo uye saizi yemakamuri emwoyo. Inoratidzawo kuyerera kweropa mumwoyo nemavharuvhu emwoyo.

Mamwe bvunzo senge electrocardiogram, chest X-ray kana CT scan inogona kuitwa kana paine zvimwe zvakawanda zvinodiwa.

Kuvhiya kweTAPVR kunowanzodiwa kana mwana ari mwana mudiki. Nguva yekuvhiya inotsamira pane kana paine chinetso. Kuti vagadzirise mwoyo, vanachirwere vanobatanidza pulmonary veins kumukamuri wemwoyo wekumusoro kuruboshwe. Vanovharawo gomba riri pakati pemakamuri emwoyo ekumusoro.

Munhu ane total anomalous pulmonary venous return anoda kuongororwa kwehutano nguva dzose kweupenyu hwose kuti aone kana paine hutachiona, matambudziko kana matambudziko emwoyo. Chiremba akadzidziswa zvirwere zvemoyo zvakaberekwa naye anofanira kupa hanya. Mhando iyi yemupi wehutano inonzi congenital cardiologist.

Nyanzvi yezvemwoyo yevana, Jonathan Johnson, M.D., inopindura mibvunzo inonyanya kubvunzwa nezvekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa kwemwana.

Mamwe marudzi maduku kwazvo ekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa, senge maburi madiki kwazvo mumwoyo kana stenosis yakapfava kwazvo yemavalves emwoyo akasiyana anogona kungoda kuteverwa makore maviri ega ega neimwe mhando yekutarisa mifananidzo senge echocardiogram. Mamwe marudzi akakosha ekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa anogona kuda kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa nekuvhiya kwemwoyo wakavhurika, kana kuti kunogona kuitwa mulaboratori yekatheterization yemwoyo uchishandisa zvishandiso zvakasiyana kana matekiniki akasiyana. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akakomba kwazvo, kana kuvhiya kusina kukwanisa kuitwa, kupandikirwa kunogona kuratidzwa.

Zviratidzo chaizvoizvo zvinogona kuva nemwana kana vakave nekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa zvinoenderana chaizvoizvo nezera remwana. Kune vacheche, chikonzero chavo chikuru chekushandisa macalorie chaizvoizvo pavanenge vachidya. Uye saka zviratidzo zvakawanda zvekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa kana kukundikana kwemwoyo zvinouya chaizvoizvo pavanenge vachidya. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kushomeka kwemhepo, kuoma kufema, kana kunyange kupererwa neperspiration pavanenge vachidya. Vana vaduku vanowanzoratidza zviratidzo zvine chekuita nehurongwa hwavo hwemudumbu. Vanogona kuva nekurutsa, kurutsa pavanenge vachidya, uye vanogona kuwana zviratidzo izvozvo nemabasawo. Teenagers vakuru, pakati pezvo, vanowanzoratidza zviratidzo zvakadai sekurwadziwa pachipfuva, kupera simba kana palpitations. Vanogonawo kuratidza zviratidzo panguva yekurovedza muviri kana basa. Uye izvozvo chaizvoizvo chiratidzo chikuru kwazvo kwandiri senhengo yezvemwoyo. Kana ndikanzwa nezvemwana, kunyanya teenager ane kurwadziwa pachipfuva, kana apere simba nebasa kana nekurovedza muviri, ndinoda chaizvo kuona mwana iyeye uye ndinoda kuve nechokwadi chekuti anowana basa rakakodzera.

Kazhinji kana mwana wako angobva kuongororwa nekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa, zvakaoma kuyeuka zvese zvakataurwa kwauri pakuona kwekutanga. Unogona kunge uri mukukuvadzwa wangozwa nhau iyi. Uye kazhinji unogona kusayeuka zvese. Saka zvakakosha pakuona kwetevera kubvunza mibvunzo yemhando iyi. Makore angu mashanu anotevera anotaridzika sei? Kune mamwe maitiro anozove akakosha mumakore mashanu iwayo? Kuvhiya kupi? Mhando ipi yekuyedza, mhando ipi yekutevera, mhando ipi yekushanya kwechikiriniki ichazove yakakosha? Izvi zvinorevei kune mabasa emwana wangu, zvemitambo, nezvinhu zvakasiyana zvinoda kuita zuva nezuva. Uye chinonyanya kukosha, tingashanda sei pamwe kuti mwana uyu akwanise kuva nehupenyu hunowanzoita sezvinowanzoita kunyangwe nekuongororwa kwekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa.

Unofanira kubvunza chiremba wako mhando yemaitiro inogona kudikanwa yemhando iyi yekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa mune ramangwana. Anogona kuitwa achishandisa kuvhiya kwemwoyo wakavhurika, kana kuti anogona kuitwa achishandisa cardiac catheterization. Kune kuvhiya kwemwoyo wakavhurika, zvakakosha kubvunza chiremba wako nezve nguva yekuvhiya kwacho. Kune marudzi akasiyana, chaiwo emhando dzekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa, kune nguva dzakati dzatinofanira kuita kuvhiya kupfuura dzimwe kuti tive nemhedzisiro yakanaka kwazvo, zvese zenguva pfupi uye refu remwana iyeye. Saka bvunza chiremba wako kana paine nguva yakati inoshanda zviri nani yerudzi urwu uye yemwana wako.

Uyu chaizvoizvo mubvunzo unonyanya kubvunzwa wandinowana kubva kuvabereki nevana mushure mekunge taita kuongororwa kwekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa. Mitambo yakakosha kwazvo muhupenyu hwevana vazhinji ava, kumagrupo avo eshamwari uye maitiro avanoshamwaridzana nevanhu vavo. Mumaitiro mazhinji ekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa, tinoita zvese zvatinogona kuti tione nzira yavanogona kuramba vachitaura nayo. Pane mamwe marudzi ekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa, zvisinei, apo mamwe mitambo ingave isina kukurudzirwa. Semuenzaniso, kune vamwe varwere vedu, vanogona kuva neimwe mhando yesyndrome yemajini inoshandura masvingo emarteries avo kuti ave asina simba. Uye varwere ivavo, hatidi kuti vaita weightlifting kana kuita chero rudzi rwekumanikidza kukuru kunogona kukonzera kuti marteries aya adzikame uye zvichida kuputsika. Muzviitiko zvakawanda zvisinei, tinokwanisa kuwana nzira yekuita kuti vana vatambe mitambo yavanoda zuva nezuva.

Kune varwere vedu vane kusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa, sezvo vakura, kazhinji tinovanyevera kuti mamwe marudzi ekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa anogona kuwanikwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana mubereki ane kusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa, pane njodzi diki kuti mwana wavo anogonawo kuva nekusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa. Izvi zvinogona kuva rudzi rumwechete rwekukanganisa kwemwoyo kuberekwa rwune mubereki wavo, kana kuti zvinogona kuva zvakasiyana. Saka, kana varwere ivavo vakaita nhumbu, tinoda kuvatevera pedyo panguva yekuzvitakura, kusanganisira kuita scans yakawanda yemwana uchishandisa echocardiography panguva yekuzvitakura. Nenzira yakanaka, vazhinji vevarwere vedu vane kusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa vanokwanisa kuva nevana vavo pachavo munguva ino.

Ukama pakati pemurwere, mhuri yavo uye nyanzvi yezvemwoyo yakakosha kwazvo. Kazhinji tinoitevera varwere ava kwemakumi emakore sezvo vakura. Tinovatarisa vachibva kuvana kuenda kuvakuru. Kana chimwe chinhu chikaitika chausingazivi, asi izvo hazvina kunzwisisika kwauri, bvunza mibvunzo. Ndapota usatya kusvika. Unofanira kugara uchizvibata kuti unogona kusvika kune timu yako yezvemwoyo uye kubvunza chero mibvunzo inogona kumuka.

Ultrasound ye2D fetal inogona kubatsira nyanzvi yako yehutano kuongorora kukura kwemwana wako nekuvandudzika.

Kusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa kunogona kuongororwa panguva yekuzvitakura kana mushure mekuberekwa. Zviratidzo zvekusakwana kwemwoyo zvinogona kuonekwa pane ultrasound yekuzvitakura (fetal ultrasound).

Mushure mekunge mwana aberekwa, nyanzvi yehutano inogona kufunga kuti kune kusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa kana mwana akaita izvi:

• Kukura kunonoka.
• Kuchinja kwemavara mumaperere, mitauro kana misumari.

Nyanzvi yehutano inogona kunzwa ruzha, rinonzi murmur, pavanenge vachinzwa mwoyo wemwana ne stethoscope. Mazhinji emamurmur akasina mhosva, zvinoreva kuti hapana kusakwana kwemwoyo uye murmur haina ngozi kune hutano hwemwana wako. Zvisinei, mamwe mamurmur anogona kukonzerwa nekuchinja kwekuyerera kweropa kuenda uye kubva pamwoyo.

Kuongororwa kwekuongorora kusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa kunosanganisira:

• Pulse oximetry. Sensor inoiswa pachigunwe inonyora huwandu hwemhepo mumuropa. Kushomeka kwemhepo kunogona kuva chiratidzo chedambudziko remwoyo kana mapapu.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG kana EKG). Iyi bvunzo yekukurumidza inonyora basa remagetsi remwoyo. Inoratidza kuti mwoyo uri kurova sei. Mapachi anobatanidzwa nemasensors, anonzi electrodes, anobatanidzwa pachipfuva uye dzimwe nguva maoko kana makumbo. Matambo anobatanidza mapachi ku komputa, iyo inodhinda kana kuratidza mhedzisiro.
• Echocardiogram. Mazwi anoshandiswa kugadzira mifananidzo yemwoyo iri kufamba. Echocardiogram inoratidza kuti ropa rinofamba sei kuburikidza nemwoyo nemavalves emwoyo. Kana bvunzo ikaitwa pamwana asati aberekwa, inonzi fetal echocardiogram.
• Chest X-ray. Chest X-ray inoratidza mamiriro emwoyo nemapapu. Inogona kuratidza kana mwoyo wakakura, kana mapapu ane ropa rakawanda kana mamwe manyoro. Izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zvekusakundikana kwemwoyo.
• Cardiac catheterization. Mu bvunzo iyi, chiremba anopinda chubhu yakasimba, inosununguka inonzi catheter muropa, kazhinji munzvimbo ye groin, uye anoitungamira kumwoyo. Bvunzo iyi inogona kupa ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro pekuyerera kweropa uye maitiro emwoyo anoshanda. Mamwe ekurapa kwemwoyo anogona kuitwa panguva yekatheterization yemwoyo.
• Heart MRI. Inonziwo cardiac MRI, bvunzo iyi inoshandisa magnetic fields nema radio waves kugadzira mifananidzo yakadzama yemwoyo. Cardiac MRI inogona kuitwa kuongorora uye kuongorora kusakwana kwemwoyo kuberekwa muvechidiki nevakuru. Heart MRI inogadzira mifananidzo ye3D yemwoyo, iyo inobvumira kuyerwa kwakanyatsojeka kwemakamuri emwoyo.

Kurapa zvikanganiso zvemoyo zvakazvarwa vana kunoenderana nedambudziko retsitsi remwoyo uye kuti rakaomarara sei.

Zvimwe zvikanganiso zvemoyo zvakazvarwa hazvina kukanganisa hutano hwemwana kwenguva refu. Zvinogona kusapfuudzwa kurapwa.

Zvimwe zvikanganiso zvemoyo zvakazvarwa, sekwaka diki mumoto, zvinogona kupfigwa sezvo mwana achikura.

Zvikanganiso zvemoyo zvakakomba zvinoda kurapwa nekukurumidza mushure mekunge zvawanikwa. Kurapa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Mishonga.
• Maitiro emoyo.
• Kuopereta kwemoyo.
• Kusimudzirwa kwemoyo.

Mishonga inogona kushandiswa kurapa zviratidzo kana matambudziko ezvikanganiso zvemoyo zvakazvarwa. Inogona kushandiswa yoga kana nemamwe kurapwa. Mishonga yezvikanganiso zvemoyo zvakazvarwa inosanganisira:

• Mapiritsi emvura, anozivikanwawo se diuretics. Rudzi urwu rwemishonga runobatsira kubvisa mvura mumuviri. Zvinobatsira kuderedza kunetseka kwemoyo.
• Mishonga yekurwisa moyo, inonzi anti-arrhythmics. Mishonga iyi inobatsira kudzora kurova kwemoyo kusina kururama.

Kana mwana wako ane chirwere chakakomba chemwoyo chakazvarwa, nzira yemoyo kana kuopereta kunogona kukurudzirwa.

Maitiro emoyo nekuopereta kunoitirwa kurapa zvikanganiso zvemoyo zvakazvarwa zvinosanganisira:

• Cardiac catheterization. Marudzi amwe ezvikanganiso zvemoyo zvakazvarwa muvana anogona kugadziriswa uchishandisa mabhuru akapfava, anotsvedza anonzi catheters. Kurapa kwakadaro kunobvumira vanachiremba kugadzirisa moyo pasina kuopereta kwemoyo kwakavhurika. Chiremba anopinda catheter kuburikidza nechombo cherufu, kazhinji muhudyu, uye anoitungamira kumoyo. Dzimwe nguva inopfuura imwe catheter inoshandiswa. Kana yave panzvimbo, chiremba anopinda zvinhu zvidiki kuburikidza ne catheter kugadzirisa mamiriro emoyo. Semuenzaniso, chiremba anogona kugadzirisa maburi mumoto kana nzvimbo dzekumanikidzwa. Zvimwe zvekurapa catheter zvinofanirwa kuitwa muzvikamu kwemakore akati wandei.
• Kuopereta kwemoyo. Mwana anogona kuda kuopereta kwemoyo kwakavhurika kana kuopereta kwemoyo kwakaderera kuti agadzirise chirwere chemwoyo chakazvarwa. Rudzi rwekuopereta kwemoyo kunoenderana nechinja chaiyo mumoto.
• Kusimudzirwa kwemoyo. Kana chirwere chakakomba chemwoyo chakazvarwa chisingagone kugadziriswa, kusimudzirwa kwemoyo kunogona kudiwa.
• Fetal cardiac intervention. Iri rudzi rwekurapa rwemwana ane dambudziko remwoyo rinoitwa usati wazvarwa. Inogona kuitwa kugadzirisa chirwere chakakomba chemwoyo chakazvarwa kana kudzivirira matambudziko sezvo mwana achikura panguva yekuzvitakura. Fetal cardiac intervention haina kuitwa kazhinji uye inongogoneka mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo chete.

Vamwe vana vakazvarwa nechirwere chemwoyo chakazvarwa vanoda maitiro mazhinji nekuopereta muhupenyu hwavo hwese. Kutevera kurapwa kwenguva refu kunokosha. Mwana anoda kuongororwa hutano nguva dzose nachiremba akadzidziswa muzvirwere zvemoyo, anonzi cardiologist. Kutevera kurapwa kunogona kusanganisira bvunzo yeropa nemafomu ekuongorora kuti aone matambudziko.

[Mimhanzi ichitamba]

Tariro nekuporesa kwemoyo midiki.

Dr. Dearani: Kana ndichitarisa basa rangu, ndinoita kuopereta kwemoyo kwakaderera. Uye ndakakwanisa kuita izvozvo nekuti ndakadzidza zvese muvanhu vakuru, uko kwakatanga. Saka kuita kuopereta kwemoyo kwe robotic mune vechidiki chimwe chinhu chausingakwanise kuwana muchipatara chevana nekuti havafaniri tekinoroji inowanikwa kwavari kwaigona kuitwa pano.

[Mimhanzi ichitamba]

Kana mwana wako ane chirwere chemwoyo chakazvarwa nacho, kuchinja mararamiro kunogona kukurudzirwa kuchengetedza mwoyo uine hutano uye kudzivirira matambudziko.

• Kudzora mitambo nemabasa. Vamwe vana vane chirwere chemwoyo chakazvarwa nacho vangada kuderedza kurovedza muviri kana mabasa emitambo. Zvisinei, vamwe vakawanda vane chirwere chemwoyo chakazvarwa nacho vanogona kubatanidzwa mumabasa akadaro. Munyanzvi wekutarisira mwana wako anogona kukuudza kuti mitambo ipi nemhando dzekurovedza muviri dzakachengeteka kumwana wako.
• Antibiotics ekudzivirira. Zvimwe zvirwere zvemoyo zvakazvarwa nazvo zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekutapukirwa mukati memwoyo kana mavaire emwoyo, inonzi infective endocarditis. Antibiotics inogona kukurudzirwa usati waita mabasa ezino kudzivirira hutachiona, kunyanya kune vanhu vane valve yemwoyo yekugadzira. Bvunza chiremba wemwoyo wemwana wako kana mwana wako achida antibiotics ekudzivirira.

Unogona kuwana kuti kutaura nevamwe vanhu vakapfuura nemamiriro ezvinhu akafanana kunounza nyaradzo nekukurudzira. Bvunza timu yako yekuchengetedza utano kana paine boka rekutsigira munzvimbo yako.

Kurarama nechirwere chemwoyo chakazvarwa nacho kunogona kuita kuti vamwe vana vanzwe kushushikana kana kunetseka. Kutaura nemunyori kunogona kukubatsira iwe nemwana wako kudzidza nzira itsva dzekutonga kushushikana nekunetseka. Bvunza nyanzvi yekuchengetedza utano nezve vanonyora munzvimbo yako.