Chii Chinonzi Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return? Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, & Kurapa

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR), kana kuti kudzoka kwakashata kwema veins emumapfupa, chirwere chisina kujairika chemoyo umo ma veins anounza ropa rakazara oksijeni kubva mumapfupa anobatanidza kune chikamu chisina kunaka chemoyo. Pane kudzoka zvakananga ku left atrium sezvinofanira, aya ma veins anobatanidza kune rumwe rutivi rwerudyi rwemoyo kana kuti kune dzimwe ropa vessels.

Chirwere ichi chinotapura vana vangangosvika 1 pavana 15 000 uye chinodiwa kurapwa nekushanda, kazhinji mukati megore rekutanga rehupenyu. Kunyange zvazvo zvinonzwa zvakaoma uye zvinotyisa, kushanda kwemoyo kwazvino kwave nemabasa akanaka ekugadzirisa chirwere ichi, uye vana vakawanda vanorarama hupenyu hunofadza, hunoshanda.

Chii Chinonzi Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

TAPVR inoitika kana ma pulmonary veins akasikwa zvisina kunaka panguva yekuzvitakura kwekutanga. Kazhinji, aya ma veins mana anofanira kubatanidza zvakananga ku left atrium yemoyo, achiunza ropa rakazara oksijeni kubva mumapfupa kuti ripompe kunze kumuviri.

MuTAPVR, ma pulmonary veins mana ose anobatanidza kune imwe nzvimbo zvachose. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ropa rakazara oksijeni rinopindirana neropa risina oksijeni usati wasvika kurutivi rweruboshwe rwemoyo. Mhedziso ndeyekuti muviri wemwana wako hauna oksijeni yakakwana, izvo zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakakomba.

Funga nezvazvo sekuvhiringidza kwepombi umo mapaipi emvura yakachena anobatanidza zvisina kunaka kune chikamu chisina kunaka chesystem. Mwoyo unoshingaira zvikuru kuti udzorere, asi pasina kurapwa nekushanda, chirwere ichi chinogona kutyisa hupenyu.

Ndeapi marudzi eTotal Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Vanachiremba vanotsanangura TAPVR zvichienderana nekuti ma pulmonary veins anobatanidza kupi zvisina kunaka. Kune marudzi mana makuru, rimwe nerimwe rine zviratidzo zvishoma nezviyero zvekuyambuka.

Rudzi rwe supracardiac ndirwo runowanzoitika, richikanganisa anenge 45% yezviitiko. Pano, ma pulmonary veins anobatanidza pamusoro pemoyo kuma vessels akadai se superior vena cava. Vana vane rudzi urwu vanowanzova nezviratidzo zvishoma nezvishoma kwemavhiki kana mwedzi yakati wandei.

Rudzi rweCardiac rinoumba anenge 25% yezviitiko, uko ma veins anobatanidza zvakananga ku right atrium kana coronary sinus. Aya vana vangave nezviratidzo zvishoma pakutanga asi vachiri kuda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Rudzi rweInfracardiac runowanikwa mune anenge 25% yezviitiko uye rinowanzova rakakomba zvikuru. Ma pulmonary veins anobatanidza pasi pemoyo, kazhinji ku chiropa kana kuti kune dzimwe ropa vessels dzemudumbu. Rudzi urwu runowanzoita zviratidzo zvakakomba pakutanga, dzimwe nguva mukati memazuva ekuberekwa.

Rudzi rwakasanganiswa ndiro rudzi rusina kujairika, richikanganisa anenge 5% yezviitiko. Ma pulmonary veins akasiyana anobatanidza kune nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzisina kunaka. Zviratidzo uye nguva zvinoenderana nezvibatanidzwa zvakatarwa.

Ndeapi zviratidzo zveTotal Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Zviratidzo zveTAPVR zvinowanzooneka mukati memwedzi mishoma yekutanga yehupenyu, kunyange nguva ichienzaniswa nerudzi rwakatarwa. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvakajairika zvine chekuita nemwana wako asina oksijeni yakakwana uye moyo unoshingaira zvakanyanya.

Ungacherechedza aya zviratidzo zvekufema nekudya sezvo mwana wako achirwisana nemabasa ekutanga:

• Kufema kukurumidza kana kuoma, kunyanya panguva yekudyisa kana kurira
• Kudya kusina kunaka uye kuwedzera uremu kwakaderera
• Kusveta kwakanyanya panguva yekudya kana mabasa akajairika
• Kufema kazhinji kana kuti pneumonia
• Kuneta nyore panguva yekudyisa kana kutamba

Kuchinja kwemavara kazhinji kunopa zviratidzo zvakajeka zvekuti chimwe chinhu chakaipa. Ungaona ruvara rwebhuruu pamativi emwana wako, misumari, kana ganda, kunyanya kana vari kushanda kana kusuruvara. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti ropa ravo harina oksijeni yakakwana.

Zviratidzo zvine chekuita nemoyo zvinogona kukura sezvo chirwere ichi chichienderera mberi:

• Kutemwa kwemoyo kukurumidza, kunyange kana mwana wako ari zororo
• Heart murmur iyo pediatrician yako inonzwa panguva yekutarisa
• Zviratidzo zvekutadza kwemoyo senge kuzvimba mumitsipa kana mudumbu
• Kusuruvara kwakanyanya kana kushaya simba kunoratidzika kusingajairiki

Mumazuva mashoma, kunyanya nerudzi rwe infracardiac, vana vanogona kuve nezviratidzo zvakakomba mukati memaawa kana mazuva ekuberekwa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira ruvara rwebhuruu, matambudziko ekufema, kana zviratidzo zvakaita sekuvhunduka zvinoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Chii chinokonzera Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

TAPVR inokura mukati memavhiki masere ekutanga ekuzvitakura apo moyo wemwana wako nema ropa vessels ari kuumbwa. Chikonzero chaicho hachizivisike zvizere, asi zvinoita sekunge zvinobva pakukanganisa mukukura kwemoyo panguva ino yakakosha.

Panguva yekukura kwakajairika, ma pulmonary veins anotanga senetwork yema vessels madiki anobatanidza zvishoma nezvishoma ku left atrium iri kukura. MuTAPVR, maitiro aya anoenda kunze kwenzira, uye ma veins anoguma achibatanidza kune zvimwe zvivakwa panzvimbo.

Zvinhu zvemagariro zvinogona kutamba basa mune dzimwe nguva, kunyange zvazvo zvizhinji zvinoitika pasina nhoroondo yemhuri. Vamwe vana vane TAPVR vane mamwe mamiriro ezvemagariro kana matambudziko emoyo, zvichiratidza kuti matambudziko makuru ekukura anogona kubatanidzwa.

Zvinhu zvakatipoteredza panguva yekuzvitakura zvinogona kuita kuti zviwedzere, asi vatsvakurudzi havawanikwe zvinokonzera zvakakosha. Vabereki vazhinji havaite chinhu chakaipa, uye kazhinji hapana nzira yekudzivirira chirwere ichi kubva kuitika.

Rini unofanira kuona chiremba nekuda kweTotal Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Taura nepediatrician yako nekukurumidza kana ukaona chero zviratidzo zvekuoma kufema kana kudya kusina kunaka mumwana wako mutsva. Kuonekwa pakutanga kunogona kuita musiyano mukuru mumigumisiro, saka vimba nezvaunonzwa kana chimwe chinhu chisingaitike.

Fonera kuti uwane rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza kana mwana wako akaratidza chero zviratidzo izvi zvekutyisidzira:

• Ruvara rwebhuruu pamativi, chiso, kana misumari
• Kufema kwakaoma kana kufema kukurumidza panguva yezororo
• Kuramba kudya kana kuoma kwakanyanya kudya
• Kusurukirwa kwakanyanya kana kuoma kumuka
• Zviratidzo zvekushaya mvura senge diapers shoma dzakanyorova

Kune vana vane rudzi rwe infracardiac, zviratidzo zvinogona kutyisa hupenyu nekukurumidza. Kana mwana wako mutsva akaita ruvara rwebhuruu, matambudziko ekufema, kana kuti anoratidzika kunge ari kurwara zvakanyanya, fonera masevhisi ekukurumidza panzvimbo pekumira kuona chiremba.

Kuongororwa kwevana kazhinji kunokosha pakuonekwa pakutanga. Chiremba wako anoteerera moyo wemwana wako uye anotarisa zviratidzo zvekusakurira kana kukura kunogona kuratidza dambudziko remoyo riri pasi.

Ndeapi njodzi dzeTotal Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Zvizhinji zveTAPVR zvinoitika pasina chikonzero, asi zvinhu zvimwe zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi zvishoma. Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kunogona kukubatsira iwe nechikurapa chako kuti murambe muri vakangwarira nezviratidzo zvinogona kuitika.

Zvinhu zvemagariro zvinokosha mumhuri dzimwe, kunyange zvazvo zvizhinji zvinoitika pasina nhoroondo yemhuri yematambudziko emoyo. Kana uine mwana mumwe chete ane TAPVR, njodzi yevana vekumashure yakakwirira pane avhareji, asi ichiri shoma zvikuru.

Zvimwe zvirwere zvemagariro zvinobatanidzwa nehuwandu hwakakwirira hweTAPVR:

• Heterotaxy syndrome, iyo inokanganisa nzvimbo yezvikamu zvemuviri
• Zvimwe zvikanganiso zvechromosomal
• DiGeorge syndrome mumamiriro mashoma
• Scimitar syndrome, imwe pulmonary vein abnormality

Zvinhu zveamai panguva yekuzvitakura zvinogona kuita kuti zviwedzere mune dzimwe nguva, kunyange zvazvo humbowo husina kujeka. Izvi zvinosanganisira chirwere cheshuga chisingadzorwi zvakanaka, mishonga yakati, kana kuti hutachiona hwehutachiona panguva yekuzvitakura kwekutanga.

Kuonekwa kwezvinhu zvakatipoteredza kwakanyorwa asi hakuonekwe hukama hwakajeka nenjodzi yeTAPVR. Zvizhinji zvemamiriro ezvinhu zvinoitika mumhuri dzisina njodzi dzinozivikanwa, zvichiratidza kuti chirwere ichi chinowanzoitika nekukanganisa panguva yekuumbwa kwemoyo kwekutanga.

Ndeapi matambudziko anogona kuitika eTotal Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Pasina kurapwa nekushanda, TAPVR inogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba sezvo moyo wemwana wako achirwisana nekupomba oksijeni yakakwana kumuviri wavo. Mashoko akanaka ndeawo ekushanda pakutanga kudzivirira zvimwe zvezvinetso izvi kubva kuitika.

Kuora kwemoyo ndiko kunowanzoitika kana TAPVR isina kurapwa. Mwoyo unoshingaira zvikuru pane zvakajairika, pakupedzisira uchiwedzera uye uchipera simba. Ungacherechedza zviratidzo senge kudya kusina kunaka, kufema kukurumidza, kana kuzvimba.

Matambudziko emumapfupa anogona kukura sezvo maitiro ekufamba kweropa achiwedzera kusina kunaka:

• Pulmonary hypertension kubva pakukwira kwekumanikidza mumapaipi eropa emumapfupa
• Kufema kazhinji nekuda kwekufamba kweropa kwakashata
• Pulmonary edema, uko mvura inoungana mumapfupa
• Kuora kwemweya mumamiriro ezvinhu akakomba

Kukura uye kuwedzera kwekunetseka kunowanzoitika nekuti muviri wemwana wako hauna oksijeni yakakwana yekukura kwakajairika. Vana vanogona kuva vaduku pane zvavano tarisira uye kusvika kune zvikamu zvakakosha zvishoma nezvishoma pane shamwari dzavo.

Mumazuva mashoma, kunyanya nerudzi rwe infracardiac, vana vanogona kuve nematambudziko anotyisa hupenyu nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuvhunduka kwakanyanya, matambudziko etsinga, kana kuora kwemoyo kunoda rubatsiro rwekukurumidza.

Mushure mekupora nekushanda, zvizhinji zvematambudziko zvinogadziriswa zvizere. Nekudaro, vamwe vana vanoda kuongororwa kwenguva refu nezvinetso zvinogona kuitika senge kutemwa kwemoyo kwakasiyana kana mukana usina kujairika we pulmonary vein kuomarara panzvimbo yekushanda.

Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return inozwi sei?

Kuongororwa kazhinji kunotanga kana pediatrician yako ikaona zviratidzo senge kudya kusina kunaka, kufema kukurumidza, kana heart murmur panguva yekutarisa kwakajairika. Kuonekwa pakutanga kunokosha, saka chiremba wako anogona kuraira bvunzo kana vakafungidzira dambudziko remoyo.

Echocardiogram kazhinji ndiyo bvunzo yekutanga uye inokosha. Ultrasound iyi yemoyo inoratidza chimiro nebasa remakamuri emoyo emwana wako nema ropa vessels. Inogona kuratidza zvakanaka kuti ma pulmonary veins ari kubatanidza kupi uye kuti ropa riri kufamba sei.

Bvunzo dzekuongorora zvimwe zvinogona kudiwa kuti uwane mufananidzo wakakwana:

• Chest X-ray yekutarisa saizi yemoyo uye mamiriro emumapfupa
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) yekuyera kutemwa kwemoyo uye simba remagetsi
• Cardiac catheterization mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma yekuyera kumanikidza uye kuwana mifananidzo yakadzama
• CT kana MRI scans yekuona anatomy chaiyo usati washanda

Bvudzi bvunzo inobatsira kuona kuti nhengo dzemwana wako dziri kushanda zvakanaka here uye kana dziri kuwana oksijeni yakakwana. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mazinga eoksijeni uye bvunzo dzechiropa neitsinga.

Dzimwe nguva TAPVR inowanikwa usati wazvarwa panguva yekuongororwa kwekuzvitakura kwakajairika. Kana zvichidavirwa usati wazvarwa, uchaendeswa ku pediatric cardiologist kuti uongororwe zvakadzama uye kuronga kuberekwa muchipatara chine kugona kwekuvhiya kwemoyo.

Kurapa kweTotal Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return ndekupi?

Kushanda ndiko kurapwa chete kweTAPVR, uye kazhinji kunoitirwa mukati megore rekutanga rehupenyu. Nguva inoenderana nezviratidzo zvemwana wako nerudzi rwakatarwa rweTAPVR rwavane.

Maitiro ekushanda anosanganisira kudzosera ma pulmonary veins kuti abatanidze zvakanaka ku left atrium. Chiremba wako achagadzira nzira itsva yeropa rakazara oksijeni kudzoka zvakananga kurutivi rweruboshwe rwemoyo kwaari.

Usati washanda, timu yako yekurapa ichaita kuti mamiriro emwana wako agadzikane:

• Mishonga yekubatsira moyo kupomba zvakanyanya
• Diuretics kuderedza kuunganidzwa kwemvura
• Oksijeni yakawedzerwa kana zvichidiwa
• Rutsigiro rwekudya kuti kukurudzire kukura
• Kurapa chero hutachiona hwemumapfupa

Nzira yekushanda inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rweTAPVR. Kune marudzi e supracardiac ne cardiac, maitiro acho kazhinji ari nyore ane migumisiro yakanaka. Marudzi eInfracardiac anogona kuda kuvhiya kwakaoma asi achiri kuva nemabasa akanaka kwazvo.

Mushure mekupora nekushanda, vana vazhinji vanopora zvakanaka uye vanorarama hupenyu hunofadza, hunogara. Kugara muchipatara kazhinji kunenge kwevhiki imwe kusvika kuviri, kusanganisira nguva mu intensive care unit yekutarisa pedyo sezvo mwana wako achirapa.

Nzira yekupa kuchengetedza kumba panguva yeTotal Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Paunenge uchimirira kuvhiya kana panguva yekupora, kune nzira dzakawanda dzaunogona kubatsira mwana wako kunzwa akasununguka uye kutsigira kukura kwavo. Timu yako yekurapa ichapa mazano chaiwo akagadzirirwa zvinodiwa nemwana wako.

Kudya kazhinji kunoda kutarisirwa kwakakosha sezvo vana vane TAPVR vachaneta nyore panguva yekudya. Ungada kupa zvidiki, zvekudya zvakawanda uye kubvumira nguva yakawedzerwa kune imwe neimwe nguva yekudyisa.

Heano mamwe mazano ekudyisa anogona kubatsira:

• Shingairira formula yakakwirira-calorie kana yakurudzirwa nachiremba wako
• Edza nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekudyisa kuderedza kuedza kufema
• Tora zororo kazhinji panguva yekudyisa kuti mwana wako azorore
• Tarisa kuwedzera uremu pedyo sezvakarayirwa nepediatrician yako
• Tarisa zviratidzo zvekusashivirira kudya senge kurutsa kana kuneta kwakanyanya

Kuita nharaunda yakadzikama, inotsigira kunobatsira kuderedza kushushikana pamoyo wemwana wako. Chengeta tembiricha yekamuri yakasununguka, deredza kusagadzikana, uye gadzira maitiro akanaka ekurara nekudya.

Tarisa mwana wako zvakanyanya kuchinja kwezviratidzo. Chengeta rekodhi yemhando dzekudya, maitiro ekufema, uye mazinga esimba ose. Taura chero kuchinja kunotyisa kune timu yako yekurapa nekukurumidza, kunyanya kuwedzera ruvara rwebhuruu kana kuoma kufema.

Ungagadzirira sei kuenda kuchiremba?

Kuagadzirira misangano nepediatrician yako kana pediatric cardiologist kunobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti unowana ruzivo rwakakosha uye kuchengetedza nemwana wako. Uya wakagadzirira nemibvunzo uye kucherechedzwa kwakakwana nezviratidzo zvemwana wako.

Chengeta log yezuva nezuva yekudyisa kwemwana wako, kurara, uye maitiro ezviratidzo. Cherechedza kuti vanodya zvakadii, kuti kudya kunotora nguva yakareba sei, uye chero kuchinja kwekufema kwaunoona. Ruzivo urwu runobatsira vanachiremba kuona kuti mwana wako ari kugona sei uye kuronga nguva yekurapa.

Uya nezvinhu izvi zvinokosha kumusangano wako:

• Rondedzero yemishonga yese iripo uye dosages
• Log yako yekudyisa nezviratidzo
• Ruzivo rweinshurensi uye bvunzo dzekare
• Rondedzero yemibvunzo yaunoda kubvunza
• Ruzivo rwekutaurirana kune vamwe vanachiremba vanobatanidzwa mukuchengetedza mwana wako

Gadzira mibvunzo usati watanga kuti usakanganwa zvinhu zvinokosha. Ungabvunza nezvenguva yekushanda, zvaunofanira kutarisira panguva yekupora, tarisiro yenguva refu, kana kuti nzira yekuziva zviratidzo zvekukurumidza.

Funga kuuya nemumwe munhu anokubatsira kuti akubatsire kuyeuka ruzivo uye kupa rutsigiro rwepfungwa. Misangano yekurapa inogona kunzwa ichinetsa, kunyanya kana uchikurukura mamiriro emoyo wemwana wako nekushanda kunouya.

Chii chinonyanya kukosha nezveTotal Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chekuyeuka ndechekuti TAPVR inogona kurapwa nekushanda, uye vazhinji vevana vanorarama hupenyu hunofadza, hunogara mushure mekupora. Kunyange zvazvo kuongororwa kunogona kunzwa kuchinetsa, kushanda kwemoyo kwavana kwazvino kwave nemabasa akanaka kwazvo nechirwere ichi.

Kuonekwa pakutanga nekurapa zvinoita musiyano mukuru mumigumisiro. Kana ukaona chero zviratidzo zvinotyisa mumwana wako senge kuoma kudya, kufema kukurumidza, kana ruvara rwebhuruu, usambofa wakakurumidza kutaura nepediatrician yako.

Vana vazhinji vane TAPVR yakagadziriswa zvakanaka vanogona kubatanidzwa mumabasa akajairika ehudiki, kusanganisira mitambo nekutamba. Kazhinji vanoda kuongororwa nguva dzose ne cardiologist asi havadi miganho inogara iripo pamaitiro avo.

Yeuka kuti chirwere ichi chinoitika nekukanganisa panguva yekuzvitakura kwekutanga, uye hapana chawaigona kuita kudzivirira. Tarisa simba rako pakushanda nechikurapa chako kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mwana wako ari kuwana kuchengetedza kwakanaka kwazvo nekutsigira.

Mibvunzo inobvunzwa kazhinji nezveTotal Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

Q.1 Kushanda kweTAPVR kunotora nguva yakareba sei?

Kuvhiya kweTAPVR kazhinji kunotora maawa matatu kusvika matanhatu, zvichienderana nekuoma kwe anatomy chaiyo yemwana wako. Timu yekuvhiya ichakuchengetedza uchiziva panguva yese yekuvhiya, uye uchasangana nachiremba mushure meizvozvo kuti ukurukure kuti zvese zvaenda sei.

Q.2 Mwana wangu achazodiwa kuvhiya kwakawanda kwemoyo here?

Vana vazhinji vane TAPVR vanoda kuvhiya kamwe chete kugadzirisa dambudziko racho zvizere. Nekudaro, chikamu chidiki chinogona kuda mamwe maitiro kana matambudziko senge pulmonary vein kuomarara akakura gare gare. Cardiologist yako ichaongorora moyo wemwana wako nekuongororwa kwenguva dzose kuti iwane chero matambudziko pakutanga.

Q.3 Vana vane TAPVR yakagadziriswa vanogona kutamba mitambo here?

Hongu, vana vazhinji vane TAPVR yakagadziriswa zvakanaka vanogona kubatanidzwa mumabasa ese akajairika ehudiki, kusanganisira mitambo inokwikwidza. Cardiologist yako ichaongorora basa remoyo remwana wako uye inogona kukurudzira bvunzo yekumanikidza kwemitambo usati wawabvumira mabasa ane simba, asi miganho isingawanzoitiki.

Q.4 Mikana yekuve nemwana mumwe ane TAPVR ndeyei?

Njozi yekuve nemwana mumwe ane TAPVR yakakwirira pane vanhu vakawanda asi ichiri shoma kwazvo, kazhinji anenge 2-3%. Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira genetic counseling uye fetal echocardiography panguva yekuzvitakura kwenguva refu kuti aongorore kukura kwemoyo.

Q.5 Mwana wangu achazodiwa misangano yekutevera sei mushure mekupora nekushanda?

Maitiro ekutevera anosiyana, asi vana vazhinji vanoona cardiologist yavo mwedzi mitanhatu kusvika ku12 mushure mekupora nekushanda. Panguva yehudiki nehudiki, kuongororwa pagore kazhinji kunokwana kunze kwekunge zvinhu zvinotyisa zvikaitika. Aya maonero anobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti moyo wemwana wako unoramba uchishanda zvakanaka sezvo vakakura.