Uveitis

Uveitis chirwere chekuzvimba kweziso. Inokanganisa rukoko rwepakati rwenyama iri mudenga retsoka (uvea).

Zviratidzo zveUveitis (u-vee-I-tis) kazhinji zvinouya kamwe kamwe uye zvinoita kuti zviwedzere nekukurumidza. Zvinosanganisira kuzvimba kweziso, kurwadziwa uye kusapona. Iyo mamiriro anogona kukanganisa ziso rimwe kana maviri, uye anogona kukanganisa vanhu vezera ripi zvaro, kunyange vana.

Zvinokonzera uveitis zvinogona kunge kuri hutachiona, kukuvara, kana chirwere che autoimmune kana chekuzvimba. Kazhinji kazhinji chikonzero hachigone kuzivikanwa.

Uveitis inogona kuva yakakomba, ichitungamira pakurasikirwa kwekusingaperi kwekuona. Kuongororwa pakutanga nekurapwa zvinokosha kudzivirira matambudziko uye kuchengetedza kuona kwako.

Zviratidzo, zviratidzo uye hunhu hwe uveitis zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kutsvukira kweziso.
• Kurwadziwa kweziso.
• Kuona chiedza.
• Kuona kusapfava.
• Mabhuru madiki, madiki mukuona kwako (floaters).
• Kuona kuri kuderera.

Zviratidzo zvinogona kuitika kamwe kamwe uye zvikaipisisa nekukurumidza, kunyange mune dzimwe nguva, zvinobudirira zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvinogona kukanganisa ziso rimwe kana maviri. Dzimwe nguva, hapana zviratidzo, uye zviratidzo zve uveitis zvinoonekwa pakuongororwa kweziso kwemazuva ose.

Uvea ndiyo rukoko rwepakati rwetishu mumadziro eziso. Inoumbwa ne iris, ciliary body uye choroid. Paunotarisa ziso rako mugirazi, uchaona chikamu chena cheziso (sclera) nechikamu chine ruvara cheziso (iris).

Iris iri mukati memativi eziso. Ciliary body chimiro chiri shure kwe iris. Choroid ndiyo rukoko rwe midziyero yeropa pakati pe retina ne sclera. Retina inotenderera mukati mekumashure kweziso, sekupenda madziro. Mukati mekumashure kweziso kwazara nemvura yakaita segel inonzi vitreous.

Muhafu kana hafu yezviitiko zvose, chikonzero chaicho cheuveitis hachizivikanwi, uye chirwere ichi chinogona kufungwa sechiberekwa chemuviri chinoita chete maziso. Kana chikonzero chingawanikwa, chinogona kunge chiri chimwe chezvinotevera:

• Chirwere chemuviri kana chekuzvimba chinoitawo zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri, zvakadai se sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus kana Crohn's disease.
• Ankylosing spondylitis, rudzi rwechirwere chekuzvimba runogona kuita kuti mamwe mapfupa emuviri asunge, richitungamira kurwadziwa kwemuzongoza. Uveitis imwe yezvinetso zvakajairika zveankylosing spondylitis.
• Hutachiona, zvakadai se cat-scratch disease, herpes zoster, syphilis, toxoplasmosis kana tuberculosis.
• Mhedzisiro yemishonga.
• Kuakuka kweziso kana kuvhiya.
• Zvisingawanzoitiki, kenza inoita maziso, yakadai se lymphoma.

Vanhu vane shanduko mumagene chaiwo vanogona kunge vakakurumidza kuwana uveitis. Kusvuta fodya kwakabatana neuveitis inonetsa kudzora.

Kana uveitis isisiri kurapwa, inogona kukonzera matambudziko, anosanganisira:

• Kuchema kwe retina (macular edema).
• Kutadza kwe retina.
• Glaucoma.
• Cataracts.
• Kukuvadzwa kwe optic nerve.
• Kuparadzana kwe retina.
• Kurasikirwa kusingaperi nekuona.

Kana wawana nyanzvi yeziso (ophthalmologist), vanogona kuita bvunzo yakazara yeziso uye kuunganidza nhoroondo yakakwana yehutano. Bvunzo yeziso kazhinji inosanganisira zvinotevera:

Chiremba wenyu anogonawo kukurudzira:

Kana ophthalmologist achifunga kuti mamiriro ezvinhu ari pasi pechikonzero cheuveitis yako, unogona kutumirwa kune mumwe chiremba wekuongororwa kwehutano hwese uye bvunzo dzemabhora.

Dzimwe nguva, zvakaoma kuwana chikonzero chaicho cheuveitis. Kunyangwe chikonzero chaicho chisingazivikanwi, uveitis inogona kurapwa zvichibvira. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kuziva chikonzero cheuveitis hakuiti kuti murambe muchirapwa. Zvichine kudiwa kushandisa imwe nzira yekurapa kudzora kuzvimba.

• Kuongororwa kwekuona (nemagirazi ako kana iwe uchizvipfeka kazhinji) uye mhinduro yemapupils ako kune chiedza.

• Tonometry. Bvunzo ye tonometry inoyera kumanikidza mukati meiso rako (intraocular pressure). Madonhwe ekunyatsira maziso anogona kushandiswa mu bvunzo iyi.

• Kuongororwa kwe slit-lamp. Slit lamp ndiyo microscope inowedzera uye inopenya pamberi peiso rako nerinenge rakajeka re chiedza. Kuongororwa uku kunodiwa kuziva masero anozvimba madiki pamberi peiso.

• Ophthalmoscopy. Inonyatsozivikanwa se funduscopy, bvunzo iyi inosanganisira kuwedzera (dilating) pupuri nemadhonhwe emaziso uye kupenya chiedza chakajeka muiso kuti uongorore kumashure kweiso.

• Fotografia yemavara yemukati meiso (retina).

• Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. Bvunzo iyi inoratidza retina ne choroid kuti iratidze kuzvimba muma layers aya.

• Fluorescein angiography kana indocyanine green angiography. Aya ma bvunzo anoda kuiswa kwe intravenous (IV) catheter mumutsinga uri muruoko rwako kuti upe dye. Iyi dye ichawana midziyo yeropa mumaziso uye ichabvumira mifananidzo yemidziyo yeropa yakazvimba mukati memaziso.

• Kuongororwa kwemvura kana vitreous fluid kubva muiso.

• Bvunzo dzeropa.

• Bvunzo dzekuona mifananidzo, radiography, computed tomography (CT) kana Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.