Chirwere cheWilms Tumor: Zviratidzo, Zvinokonzera, uye Kurapwa

Chirwere cheWilms tumor rudzi rwekenza yeitsvo inowanzoonekwa kuvana, kazhinji ichionekwa vasati vava nemakore mashanu. Iyi tumor inokura kubva kumasero anoumba itsvo panguva yekukura kwemwana mudumbu, ndosaka inowanzoonekwa kuvana vaduku chaizvo.

Kunzwa kuti “kenza yeitsvo” kunogona kutyisa, asi pane tariro. Chirwere cheWilms tumor chine imwe yemazinga epamusoro ekurapa pakati pekenza dzevana, nevanopfuura 90% vevana vachirarama hupenyu hwakajairwa, hwakanaka mushure mekurapwa. Kunzwisisa zviri kuitika kunogona kukubatsira kunzwa wakagadzirira uye wakavimbika sezvaunofamba nenzira iyi.

Chirwere cheWilms Tumor Chii?

Chirwere cheWilms tumor kenza yeitsvo inotanga mune tishu dzeitsvo dzevana dziri kukura. Yakapihwa zita raDr. Max Wilms, uyo akatanga kurondedzera zvakadzama makore anopfuura zana apfuura.

Iyi tumor inoumbwa kana masero eitsvo akanga afanira kunge afa panguva yekukura kwakajairwa achiramba achikura zvisina kujairika. Fungidzira zvinhu zvekugadzira zvakanga zvafanira kucheneswa mushure mekuvakwa kwenhamba, asi panzvimbo pacho zvakaramba zvichiunganidzwa panzvimbo isiriyo. Kazhinji zviitiko zvinokanganisa itsvo imwe chete, kunyange zvazvo anenge 5-10% evana vanokura matumor muitsvo dzose mbiri.

Chirwere cheWilms tumor rudzi rwakajairika rwekenza yeitsvo kuvana, richikanganisa anenge 1 pamwana 10,000. Hakusi kazhinji, neanenge 500-600 zviitiko zvitsva zvichionekwa gore rega rega kuUnited States.

Zviratidzo zveChirwere cheWilms Tumor Ndezvipi?

Chiratidzo chakajairika ndiko kuzvimba kwisingarwadzi kana chidumbu mudumbu remwana wako chaungacherechedza panguva yekugeza kana mwana wako akarara.

Heano zviratidzo zvekuchengetedza, uchifunga kuti vana vazhinji vangave nechimwe kana zviviri zveizvi zviratidzo:

• Chidumbu chisingarwadzi kana kuzvimba mudumbu raunogona kunzwa
• Ropa mumukaka, rinogona kutaridzika rakajeka, tsvuku, kana rakaita seropa rakaoma
• Kurwadziwa mudumbu kana kusagadzikana
• Fivha isina chikonzero chakajeka
• Kurasikirwa nechido chekudya kana kunzwa wakazara nekukurumidza
• Kusvotwa kana kurutsa
• Kutemwa nemudumbu kubva kune tumor inomanikidza nhengo dziri pedyo
• Kuderera kweropa (kunyange zvazvo izvi zvinoda michina yekurapa kuti zviwanikwe)

Zvisingawanzoitika, vana vamwe vangave nekushomeka kwekufema kana kenza yakapararira kumapfupa, kana kunzwa vasina hutano uye vakaneta. Yeuka kuti aya maratidzo ane zvimwe zvakawanda, zvinowanzoitika zvinokonzera, saka kuwana chimwe hachirevi kuti kenza iripo.

Chii Chinokonzera Chirwere cheWilms Tumor?

Chirwere cheWilms tumor chinoitika kana masero eitsvo aifanira kurega kukura panguva yekukura kwakajairwa achiramba achizviwanza zvisina kujairika. Chikonzero chaicho cheizvi hachizivisike zvizere, asi vatsvakurudzi vakawana zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kukonzera.

Kazhinji zviitiko zvinoitika pasina chikonzero chakajeka. Zvisinei, vana vamwe vanoberekwa nekuchinja kwemajini kunovakonzera kuti vave nechirwere ichi. Aya magene anokonzera anenge 10-15% yezviitiko.

Heano zvinhu zvinozivikanwa zvinogona kukonzera:

• Kuchinja kwemajini kunoitika panguva yekukura kweitsvo mudumbu
• Zvirwere zvemajini zvakaita seWAGR syndrome kana Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
• Kukanganisika kwekuzvarwa kunokanganisa nhengo dzepabonde kana sisitimu yemukaka
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yeWilms tumor (kunyange zvazvo izvi zvisingawanzoitika)
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini zvinokanganisa kukura kwemasero kwakajairwa

Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti hapana chawakaita kana kusaita panguva yekuzvitakura chakakonzera iyi tumor. Chirwere cheWilms tumor hachikonzerwe nezvinhu zvakatipoteredza, kudya, kana mararamiro. Iri kungova mugumisiro wakashata wekuti itsvo dzevana dzakakura sei.

Rini Unofanira Kuona Chiremba Nekuda kweChirwere cheWilms Tumor?

Unofanira kubata nachiremba wemwana wako nekukurumidza kana ukaona chidumbu kana kuzvimba mudumbu remwana wako kunoramba kwenguva yakareba kupfuura mazuva mashoma. Kunyange zvazvo kazhinji zvidumbu zvevana hazvisi kenza, zvinogara zvichida kuongororwa.

Tsvaka rubatsiro rwekurapa mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana kana mwana wako ane ropa mumukaka, kunyanya kana riri pamwe chete nezvimwe zviratidzo senge kurwadziwa mudumbu kana fivha. Kunyangwe ropa mumukaka rine zvinokonzera zvakawanda kuvana, chinhu chinofanira kugara chichiongororwa nachiremba.

Dana chiremba wako nekukurumidza kana mwana wako ane kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu, kurutsa kwenguva refu, kana achitaridzika asina hutano. Tenda pfungwa dzako semubereki - kana chimwe chinhu chisinganzwisisiki kana chakasiyana nezvehutano hwemwana wako, zvinogara zvakanaka kutsvaka mazano ekurapa.

Zvinhu Zvinowedzera Ngozi yeChirwere cheWilms Tumor Ndezvipi?

Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kuwedzera mikana yemwana wekuwana chirwere cheWilms tumor, kunyange kuva nezvinhu izvi hazvirevi kuti mwana wako achakurumidza kuwana kenza. Vana vazhinji vane izvi zvinhu havazombovi nematumor.

Zvinhu zvinonyanya kukonzera ngozi ndizvo zvirwere zvemajini uye kukanganisika kwekuzvarwa kunokanganisa kukura kwakajairwa:

• WAGR syndrome (inokanganisa maziso, nhengo dzepabonde, uye kukura kwepfungwa)
• Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (inokonzera kukura kwakanyanya kwenhengo dzemuviri)
• Denys-Drash syndrome (inokanganisa basa reitsvo nekukura kwenhengo dzepabonde)
• Kukanganisika kwekuzvarwa kwenhengo dzepabonde kana sisitimu yemukaka
• Kuva netesticle isina kudzika
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yeWilms tumor (kunyange zvazvo izvi zvichiita pasi pe2% yezviitiko)

Zvimwe zvinhu zvisingawanzoitika zvinosanganisira kuchinja kwemajini uye kuberekwa netishu yeitsvo isina kukura zvakanaka. Vana vemaAfrican American vane njodzi yakakwira zvishoma pane mamwe mapoka emarudzi, kunyange zvazvo zvikonzero zveizvi hazvizivisike zvizere.

Zera ririwo chinhu, nezviitiko zvizhinji zvichiitika pakati pemakore maviri nemashanu. Hazviwanzoitika kuvana vakuru kupfuura gumi.

Matambudziko Anogona Kuitika eChirwere cheWilms Tumor Ndezvipi?

Kana yakawanikwa pakutanga uye yakarapwa zvakanaka, vana vazhinji vane chirwere cheWilms tumor vanodzoka zvakakwana pasina matambudziko emangwana. Zvisinei, sekune chero mamiriro ezvinhu akakomba ekurapa, kunogona kuva nematambudziko ane chekuita ne tumor pachayo nekurapwa kwayo.

Matambudziko kubva kune tumor anogona kusanganisira:

• Tumor kukura zvakakwana kuti imane nhengo dziri pedyo
• Kuderera kweropa kubva pakukanganiswa kweitsvo
• Matambudziko ebasa reitsvo kana itsvo dzose mbiri dzakakanganiswa
• Kupararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri, kazhinji kumapfupa kana chiropa
• Kuputika kwe tumor, izvo zvinogona kuitika panguva yekuongorora kana kuvhiya

Matambudziko ane chekuita nekurapwa, kunyange zvazvo achigona kudzorwa, anogona kusanganisira migumisiro kubva ku chemotherapy senge kurasikirwa kwenguva pfupi kwevhudzi, kuwedzera kwenjodzi yekutapukirwa, kana kusvotwa. Kurapwa kwe radiation kunogona kukonzera kutsamwa kwe ganda kana, zvisingawanzoitika, kukanganisa kukura kwenzvimbo dzakarapwa. Ngozi dzekuvhiya dzinosanganisira zvinowanzoitika zvinokanganisa kuvhiya senge kubuda ropa kana kutapukirwa.

Migumisiro yenguva refu haina kujairika asi inogona kusanganisira matambudziko ekunzwa kubva kumishonga ye chemotherapy kana, zvisingawanzoitika, kukura kwekenza dzimwe gare gare muhupenyu. Timu yako yekurapa ichaongorora aya mikana uye kutora matanho ekuderedza njodzi.

Chirwere cheWilms Tumor Chinoongororwa Sei?

Kuongororwa kunowanzo tanga nachiremba wemwana wako achiongorora mwana wako uye achinzwa chero chidumbu kana kuzvimba mudumbu. Kana chimwe chinhu chinotyisa chakawanikwa, iwe ungatumirwa kune nyanzvi yevana kuti uongororwe zvakare.

Maitiro ekuongorora anowanzo sanganisira bvunzo dzakawanda dzekuona kuti uwane mufananidzo wakajeka wezviri kuitika. Ultrasound kazhinji bvunzo yekutanga nekuti haina kurwadza uye haishandisi radiation. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza kana paine mass muitsvo uye kubatsira kuona saizi nehunhu hwayo.

Bvunzo dzimwe dzinosanganisira:

1. CT scan kana MRI kuti uwane mifananidzo yakadzama ye tumor uye ona kana yakapararira
2. Chest X-ray kana CT scan kuti uone chero kupararira kumapfupa
3. Bvunzo dzeropa kuti uone basa reitsvo nehutano hwese
4. Bvunzo dzemukaka kuti uone ropa kana zvimwe zvinhu zvisina kujairika
5. Dzimwe nguva, sampuli diki yetishu (biopsy) kuti uone chokwadi chekuongororwa

Maitiro ese ekuongorora anowanzo tanga mazuva mashoma kusvika pavhiki. Paunenge uchimirira mhinduro kunogona kunetsa, yeuka kuti kuwana kuongororwa kwakakwana ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yekurapwa kwakanyanya kunobatsira kwemwana wako.

Kurapwa kweChirwere cheWilms Tumor Ndeapi?

Kurapwa kwechirwere cheWilms tumor kunobudirira kwazvo, nemazinga ekurapa anopfuura 90% kana kenza yakawanikwa pakutanga. Chirongwa chekurapwa chinotsamira pakukura kwe tumor, nzvimbo, uye kana yakapararira, asi kazhinji chinosanganisira kusanganiswa kwekuvhiya ne chemotherapy.

Vana vazhinji vachava nekuvhiya kubvisa itsvo yakakanganiswa (inodaidzwa kuti nephrectomy) pamwe chete ne tumor. Usazvidya mwoyo - vanhu vanogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka neitsvo imwe chete ine hutano. Tisati tavhiya, mwana wako angagamuchira chemotherapy kudzikisira tumor uye kuita kuti ive nyore kubvisa zvakachengeteka.

Maitiro ekurapwa anowanzo sanganisira:

1. Chemotherapy usati wavhiya (kazhinji mavhiki 4-6) kudzikisira tumor
2. Kuvhiya kubvisa itsvo ne tumor
3. Chemotherapy yakawedzerwa mushure mekuvhiya (kazhinji mavhiki 6-24)
4. Kurapwa kwe radiation mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyanya kana kenza yakapararira
5. Kuongororwa nguva dzose kuti uone kudzoka uye kutarisa chero kudzokazve

Kuvana vane matumor muitsvo dzose mbiri, maitiro acho akaoma uye anotarisa pakuchengetedza basa reitsvo sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kubvisa chikamu che tishu yeitsvo panzvimbo yekubvisa itsvo yese.

Kurapwa kunowanzopera mukati memavhiki 6-9, uye vana vazhinji vanodzokera kumabasa avo akajairika nekukurumidza mushure mekupedza kurapwa.

Nzira Yekupa Kutarisa Kumba Panguva Yekurapwa?

Kutarisa mwana wako kumba panguva yekurapwa kunotarisa pakumuchengetedza akasununguka, kudzivirira kutapukirwa, uye kuchengetedza zvakajairwa sezvinobvira. Timu yako yekurapa ichakupa mirairo chaiyo, asi pane zvikamu zvakajairika zvinogona kubatsira.

Kudzorera migumisiro kubva pakurapwa kazhinji ndiyo dambudziko guru. Nekusvotwa, kupa zvokudya zviduku, kazhinji nezvokudya zvisina kunaka izvo mwana wako anofarira. Kuchengetedza mvura yakakosha, saka kukurudzira kunwa mvura, ice chips, kana popsicles zuva rese.

Heano mazano ekutarisira kumba:

• Chengetedza mwana wako kure nevanhu vanorwara, sezvo chemotherapy inogona kusimbisa sisitimu yekudzivirira muviri
• Geza maoko kazhinji uye kukurudzira mwana wako kuita zvakafanana
• Tarisa fivha uye dana timu yako yekurapa nekukurumidza kana ikaitika
• Pape nguva yekuzorora yakawedzerwa uye usazvidya mwoyo kana mwana wako akarara kupfuura zvakajairwa
• Pape zvokudya zvine utano kana mwana wako achida kudya, asi usamanikidza zvokudya
• Chengetedza nzvimbo yekuvhiya yakachena uye yakaoma maererano nemirayiridzo yechiremba wako
• Pape mishonga sezvakanyorwa, kunyange kana mwana wako achinzwa ari nani

Mune zvepfungwa, chengetedza tsika kana zvichibvira uye ramba uchifamba nezvinhu zvinofarira mwana wako, zvichigadziriswa sezvinodiwa ne simba rake. Mhuri dzakawanda dzinowana kuti kugara uine hukama neshamwari dzechikoro uye kuramba uine zvinhu zvinofarira zvinobatsira vana kunzwa vakajairwa panguva yekurapwa.

Unofanira Kugadzirira Sei Kune Zvikwereti Zvechiremba?

Kugadzirira zvikwereti zvechiremba kunogona kukubatsira kuti uwane zvakanyanya kubva panguva yako netimu yekurapa uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinetso zvako zvose zvakagadziriswa. Tanga nekugadzira mibvunzo yako usati wasvika - zviri nyore kukanganwa zvinhu zvakakosha kana uchinetseka kana uchinyanya kunetseka.

Uyai ne rondedzero yakazara yemishonga yose mwana wako ari kutora, kusanganisira mishonga yekutengesa uye chero zvimwe zvinowedzerwa. Uyewo, chengetedza dhayari yakapfava yezviratidzo, migumisiro, kana kuchinja kwamaona kubva pakushanya rekupedzisira.

Funga kugadzirira izvi zvinhu:

• Rondedzero yezviratidzo zvemazuva ano uye pavakatanga
• Mibvunzo nezvekuenderera mberi kwe kurapwa uye zvinotarisirwa zvinotevera
• Chero zvinetso nezvemigumisiro kana mabasa emwana wako ezuva nezuva
• Makadhi einishuwarenzi uye chero bepa rinodiwa
• Mumwe weimba kana shamwari yekutsigira uye kubatsira yekurangarira ruzivo
• Chimwe chinhu chekuchengetedza mwana wako akabatikana panguva yekumirira
• Zvokudya nezvinwiwa kana chikwereti chikareba

Usazengurire kukumbira kujeka kana mazwi ekurapa achinyanya kuoma, uye kukumbira mirairo yakanyorwa yemirairo yakaoma yekutarisira. Vabereki vazhinji vanowana kubatsira kunyora kana kukumbira kana vangarekodha zvikamu zvakakosha zvehurukuro kuti vaongorore gare gare.

Chii Chinonyanya Kukosha NezveChirwere cheWilms Tumor?

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chekurangarira ndechekuti chirwere cheWilms tumor, kunyange zvazvo chakakomba, chine prognosis yakanaka kana chakarapwa zvakanaka. Vanopfuura 90% vevana vakawanikwa vane iyi kenza vanorarama hupenyu hwakanaka, hwakanaka mushure mekurapwa.

Kuonekwa pakutanga kunoita musiyano mukuru mukubudirira kwe kurapwa, saka tendeuka pfungwa dzako kana ukaona chero kuchinja kunotyisa muhutano hwemwana wako. Kusanganiswa kwekuvhiya ne chemotherapy kunobudirira kwazvo, uye vana vazhinji vanopedza kurapwa mukati memwedzi isingasviki gore.

Kunyangwe rwendo ruri mberi runganzwikwa rwakanyanya ikozvino, hausi wega. Mapoka ekurapa kenza ye vana akanyatsogadzirirwa kutarisira vana nemhuri panguva ino. Mhuri dzakawanda dzinowana kuti kubatana nevamwe vabereki vakapfuura nezviitiko zvakafanana kunopa rutsigiro rwakakosha uye maonero.

Yeuka kuti uzvichengetedzewo - mwana wako anoda kuti uve une hutano uye ukasimba sezvinobvira. Gamuchira rubatsiro kubva kune shamwari nemhuri, uye usazengurire kushandisa masevhisi ekutsigira aripo kuburikidza nechikoro chako chekurapa.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo Kubvunzwa NezveChirwere cheWilms Tumor

Mwana wangu anogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka neitsvo imwe chete here?

Hongu, zvachose. Vanhu vanogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka neitsvo imwe chete ine hutano. Itsvo yakasara ichawedzera basa rayo zvishoma nezvishoma kuti iite basa reitsvo yakabviswa. Mwana wako achakwanisa kuita zviitiko zvizhinji, kusanganisira mitambo, kunyange zvazvo chiremba wako angakurudzira kudzivisa mitambo inogona kukuvadza itsvo yakasara.

Vamwe vana vangu vachawana chirwere cheWilms tumor here?

Mikana yakaderera kwazvo. Anenge 1-2% chete yezviitiko zveWilms tumor ndeyemhuri, zvinoreva kuti zvinofamba mumhuri. Zvisinei, kana mwana wako ane zvirwere zvemajini zvine chekuita neWilms tumor, chiremba wako angakurudzira genetic counseling kuti aone njodzi yehama nevana vekare.

Mwana wangu achada nguva yakareba sei kuongororwa mushure mekurapwa?

Vana vazhinji vachava nezvikwereti zvekuongororwa nguva dzose kweanenge makore mashanu mushure mekupedza kurapwa. Aya maonero anowanzo tanga mwedzi mishoma uye anowedzera kuderera. Kuongororwa kunosanganisira kuongororwa kwemuviri, bvunzo dzeropa, uye bvunzo dzekuona nguva nenguva kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kenza haina kudzokazve uye kuti mwana wako ari kukura zvakanaka.

Chirwere cheWilms tumor chinogona kudzokazve mushure mekurapwa here?

Kudzokazve hakuna kujairika asi kunogona kuitika, kuchitika muanenge 10-15% yezviitiko. Kazhinji kudzokazve kunoitika mukati memakore maviri ekutanga mushure mekurapwa, ndosaka kutarisirwa kwekuongororwa kwakakosha. Kana kenza ikadzoka, inogona kurapwa zvakare, kunyange zvazvo maitiro acho angave akasiyana ne kurapwa kwekutanga.

Ndinofanira kuudza mwana wangu chii nezvekuongororwa kwake?

Iva wakavimbika nenzira yakakodzera nezera. Vana vaduku vanoda tsananguro dzakapfava, dzakajeka senge “Une masero anorwara muitsvo yako aachiremba anoda kubvisa kuti akuite nani.” Vana vakuru vanogona kunzwisisa zvakawanda nezve kurapwa uye nei zvichidiwa. Nyanzvi dzevana muchipatara dzinogona kukubatsira kuwana mazwi akakodzera uye kupa zviwanikwa kubatsira mwana wako kubata nezvinhu.