Chii chinonzi Diethyltoluamide (DEET): Kushandiswa, Dosage, Side Effects uye Zvimwe

Diethyltoluamide, inozivikanwa zvakajairika seDEET, ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinodzivirira zvipembenene zvinoshanda zvakanyanya zviripo nhasi. Iyi synthetic compound yanga ichidzivirira vanhu kubva kumosquitoes, ticks, uye zvimwe zvipembenene zvinoruma kwemakore anopfuura 70. Iwe unowana DEET mumaspurayi mazhinji ebug uye lotions, uko inoshanda nekugadzira chipingamupinyi icho zvipembenene zvisingade kuyambuka.

Chii chinonzi Diethyltoluamide (DEET)?

DEET ikemikari synthetic compound inoshanda sechinhu chinodzivirira zvipembenene kana ichishandiswa paganda rako kana mbatya. Zita rakazara rekemikari ndeye N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, asi munhu wese anoidana kuti DEET kuti zvive nyore. Yakagadzirwa pakutanga neU.S. Army muna 1946 uye yakava inowanikwa kuruzhinji muna 1957.

Funga nezve DEET sekugadzira chidzitiro chisingaonekwe chakakukomberedza icho zvipembenene zvinoona sezvisingafadzi. Kusiyana neinsecticides zvinouraya zvipuka, DEET inongokuita kuti usanyanya kukwezva kwavari. Inoonekwa seyegoridhe standard yezvinhu zvinodzivirira zvipembenene nekuti inoshanda pamhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipembenene zvinoruma zvinosanganisira mosquitoes, ticks, fleas, chiggers, uye gnats.

DEET inoshandiswa nei?

DEET inonyanya kushandiswa kudzivirira kuruma kwezvipembenene uye zvirwere zvavanogona kutakura. Iwe unoda kuishandisa paunenge uchipedza nguva uri panze, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakajairika mosquitoes uye ticks. Izvi zvinosanganisira kumisa, kufamba, kurima, kana kungonakidzwa nebackyard yako panguva yepeak bug season.

Dziviriro iyo DEET inopa inopfuura kungonyaradza. Inogona kubatsira kudzivirira zvirwere zvakakomba zvinotakurwa nemosquitoes seWest Nile virus, Zika virus, dengue fever, uye malaria munzvimbo dziripo. Kune ticks, DEET inobatsira kuderedza njodzi yako yeLyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, uye zvimwe zvirwere zvinotakurwa ne tick.

Unogona kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvine DEET paunenge uchifamba kuenda kunzvimbo dzinopisa kana dzinopisa zvakanyanya uko zvirwere zvinotapuriranwa nezvipembenene zvakajairika. Nyanzvi zhinji dzezvehutano dzekufamba dzinokurudzira DEET sechinhu chakakosha chekudzivirira kwako munzvimbo idzi.

DEET inoshanda sei?

DEET inoshanda nekukanganisa kugona kwezvipembenene kukuziva sechikafu chinogona kuitika. Umhutu nezvimwe zvipembenene zvinoruma zvinoshandisa masensa akakosha kuti awane vanhu nekutsvaga carbon dioxide yatino fema, kupisa kwemuviri wedu, uye makemikari akati wandei paganda redu. DEET inonyanya kuvhara masensa aya, zvichiita kuti zvipembenene zviome kukutsvaga.

Ichi chidzidzo chakasimba uye chinoshanda zvakanyanya. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti DEET inogona kupa dziviriro kwemaawa akati wandei, nekukoshesa kwakanyanya kunogara kwenguva refu. Chigadzirwa che10% DEET chinogona kukudzivirira kwemaawa anenge 2, nepo 30% concentration inogona kushanda kwemaawa anosvika 6.

Kushanda hakukwiri zvakanyanya nekukoshesa kwakanyanya, asi nguva yekudzivirira inodaro. Kukoshesa pamusoro pe30% hakupi dziviriro iri nani zvakanyanya, asi inogara kwenguva refu, ndosaka uchizowana zvishoma zvigadzirwa zvine anopfuura 30-35% DEET.

Ndingashandisa sei DEET?

Shandisa zvigadzirwa zveDEET paganda rakaonekwa uye mbatya, asi dzivisa kuzviisa pamaoko ako kana zvichibvira sezvo unogona kuzviisa pameso ako kana mumuromo mako netsaona. Tangira neakakora, akatsetseka uye shandisa zvakare chete kana dziviriro ichiita kunge ichipera, kazhinji inoratidzwa nezvipembenene zvichifarira iwe zvakare.

Haufaniri kushandisa DEET nechikafu kana mvura, kusiyana nemishonga yemuromo. Zvisinei, unofanira kuishandisa mushure me sunscreen kana uchishandisa zvigadzirwa zvese. Rega sunscreen inyure kwemaminitsi mashoma, wobva waisa DEET repellent pamusoro.

Paunenge uchizora pachiso chako, pfapfaidza chigadzirwa chacho mumaoko ako kutanga, wobva wachiisa zvinyoro-nyoro uchidzivisa maziso ako, muromo, nenzvimbo yakatenderedza mhino yako. Kune vana, gara uchizora chigadzirwa chacho iwe pachako pane kuvatendera kuti vazviite.

Mushure mekuuya mukati memba, geza DEET paganda rako nesipo nemvura, kunyanya kana usiri kuzodzoka kunze. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kusazivikanwa uye kubvisa chero manzwiro anonamira anogona kusiya chigadzirwa chacho.

Ndingashandisa DEET kwenguva yakareba sei?

Unofanira kushandisa DEET chete kana uchida kudzivirirwa kubva kuzvipembenene, kwete sechigadzirwa chezuva nezuva. Chiise usati waenda kunzvimbo dzaunotarisira kusangana nezvipembenene zvinoruma, uye chigeze kana wadzoka mukati memba kana usisadi kudzivirirwa.

Kune vanhu vazhinji, kushandisa DEET mwaka wese panguva yebasa repamusoro rezvipembenene kwakachengeteka zvakakwana. Izvi zvinogona kureva kuishandisa nguva dzose mumwedzi yezhizha kana ukapedza nguva yakawanda uri panze, asi kumira munguva yechando apo basa rezvipembenene rinoderera.

Kana uri kuenda kunzvimbo ine zvirwere zvinotakurwa nezvipembenene, unogona kushandisa DEET zuva rega rega kwenguva yerwendo rwako. Iyi kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi kwakanyanya kunoonekwa sekuchengeteka kune vanhu vazhinji kana iwe uchitevera mirairo yechigadzirwa.

Ndezvipi Zvakaipa zveDEET?

Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kushandisa DEET zvakachengeteka nemhedzisiro shoma. Zvinhu zvakajairika zvikuru zvinokonzerwa zvinyoro uye zvinoitika panowanikwa chigadzirwa chacho. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutsamwa kweganda, kutsvuka, kana kunzwa kunopfuta zvishoma, kunyanya kana uine ganda rinonzwa.

Heano mhedzisiro yaungasangana nayo, kutanga neayo akajairika:

• Kutsamwa kweganda: Kutsvuka zvishoma, kukwenya, kana kupisa panzvimbo yekushandisa
• Kunzwa kunamatira kana mafuta: Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinosiya residue inonzwa isina kugadzikana
• Kutsamwa kwemaziso: Kana DEET ikapinda mumaziso ako netsaona, inogona kukonzera kupisa nekubvaruka
• Maitiro ekuita allergic: Kazhinji asi zvinogoneka, kusanganisira rash, hives, kana kuzvimba
• Kutsamwa kwekufema: Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuona kukosora kana kutsamwa kwehuro kubva mukufema zvigadzirwa zvekuspray

Maitiro aya anowanzoita zvishoma uye anopera nekukurumidza kana ukashambidza chigadzirwa. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana kuti kuchinja kuenda kune yakaderera concentration kana imwe formulation kunobatsira kana vakawana kutsamwa.

Zvakakomba zvinokonzeresa zvisingawanzoitiki asi zvinogona kuitika nekushandisa zvisizvo kana kuwanda. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira zviratidzo zvepfungwa zvakaita sekusagadzikana, shanduko dzemafungiro, kana kuoma kufunga. Maitiro akadaro haawanzoitiki uye anowanzoitika chete kana DEET ichishandiswa zvisina kufanira, senge kushandisa zvakanyanya kazhinji kana kuimedza netsaona.

Ndiani Asingafaniri Kushandisa DEET?

DEET yakachengeteka kune vanhu vazhinji, asi mapoka akati wandei anofanira kuishandisa nekuchenjerera kwakawanda kana kuideredza zvachose. Vacheche vari pasi pemwedzi miviri havafaniri kushandisa zvigadzirwa zveDEET nekuti ganda ravo rinopinda zvakanyanya uye masisitimu avo achiri kukura.

Vanhu vane ganda rinonzwa zvakanyanya kana avo vakambove nemaitiro ekuita allergic kuDEET munguva yakapfuura vanofanira kutsvaga mamwe ma repellents. Kana uine eczema, dermatitis, kana mamwe mamiriro eganda, edza nzvimbo diki kutanga kana kubvunza chiremba wako usati washandisa zvigadzirwa zveDEET.

Vakadzi vane pamuviri uye vanoyamwisa vanogona kushandisa DEET zvakachengeteka, asi vazhinji vanosarudza kushandisa yakaderera concentrations kana mamwe ma repellents panguva ino. Iyo CDC inoona DEET yakachengeteka panguva yekuzvitakura kana ichishandiswa sezvakarairwa.

Kana uine zvirwere zvepfungwa kana kutora mishonga inokanganisa tsinga dzako, taura nachiremba wako usati wanzwa DEET nguva dzose. Kunyange zvazvo kusangana kwakanyanya kuoma, zviri nani nguva dzose kutarisa kana uine mamiriro ezvinhu ehutano pasi.

Mazita eBrand eDEET

Uchawana DEET mumhando zhinji dzakakurumbira dzekudzivirira zvipembenene, kunyange zvazvo kuwanda uye kugadzirwa zvichisiyana. Mamwe mazita anozivikanwa anosanganisira OFF!, Cutter, Repel, uye Deep Woods OFF!, imwe neimwe ichipa DEET yakasiyana-siyana inobva pa7% kusvika ku30%.

Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvekudzivirira zvipembenene zvegeneric kana zvechitoro zvinosanganisirawo DEET uye zvinoshanda zvakanyanya semazita emhando. Chinhu chakakosha ndechokutarisa runyorwa rwezvinhu zvinoshanda uye kusarudza kuwanda kunoenderana nezvido zvako uye nguva yekudzivirira yaunoda.

Mamwe mazita anosanganisa DEET nezvimwe zvinosanganiswa zvakadai se aloe vera kana vhitamini E kuderedza kutsamwa kweganda, nepo vamwe vachitarisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekutumira dzakadai sema wipes, lotions, kana pump sprays panzvimbo ye aerosols.

DEET Zvimwe Zvinhu

Kana DEET isiri yako, kune dzimwe nzira dzinoshanda. Picaridin is synthetic repellent inoshanda zvakafanana neDEET asi kazhinji inonzwa isina mafuta uye ine hwema hushoma. Inoshanda zvakaenzana pamusoro pemunhu wese uye ticks uye inogona kunge isingatsamwisi paganda rinonzwa.

Mafuta e lemon eucalyptus (OLE) isarudzo yakavakirwa pazvirimwa iyo CDC inoziva seinoshanda. Inopa dziviriro kweanenge maawa maviri uye ine hwema hunofadza hwe citrusy, kunyange zvazvo isingagone kugara kwenguva refu seDEET kana picaridin.

Permethrin yakasiyana nezvimwe zvinodzivirira nekuti unozviisa pamapfekero nemidziyo, kwete zvakananga paganda. Inouraya zvipembenene pakubata uye inogona kugara kuburikidza nekushambidzwa kwakawanda, zvichiita kuti ive yakanaka yezvinhu zvekusasa uye mbatya dzebasa.

Sarudzo dzechisikigo

Sarudzo dzechisikigo dzakadai se citronella, peppermint oil, kana lavender zvinogona kupa dziviriro, asi kazhinji hazvishande zvakanyanya uye hazvigare kwenguva refu kupfuura synthetic repellents. Zvinoshanda zvakanaka pazvinhu zvekunze zvakareruka munzvimbo dzine hushoma hwezvipembenene.

Ko DEET iri nani kupfuura Picaridin?

DEET ne picaridin zvose zvinodzivirira zvipembenene zvakanyanya, asi zvine simba rakasiyana. DEET yanga iripo kwenguva refu uye ine tsvakurudzo yakawanda inotsigira kushanda kwayo, nepo picaridin iri itsva asi kazhinji inosarudzwa nekuda kwekunzwa kwayo uye kunhuhwirira.

Panyaya yekudzivirira, zvese zvinoshanda zvakaenzana zvakanaka pamusoro pemosquitoes uye ticks. DEET inogona kunge iine mukana mudiki pamhando dzakasiyana dzenhuka uye gnats, nepo picaridin ichishanda zvakanaka pakudzivirira ticks. Sarudzo inowanzouya pasi pekuda kwemunhu uye kunzwisiswa kweganda.

Picaridin inonzwa isina mafuta, haina kunhuhwirira, uye haina kukuvadza mapurasitiki kana machira ekugadzira. DEET, kune rimwe divi, ine makumi emakore ekushandiswa kwakaratidzwa uye inogona kuve nyore kuwana muzvitoro. Zvose zvinoonekwa zvakachengeteka kana zvichishandiswa sezvakarairwa.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo Bvunzwa Nezve DEET

Ko DEET yakachengeteka kuvana here?

Hongu, DEET yakachengeteka kuvana vane makore anopfuura mwedzi miviri kana ichishandiswa nemazvo. The American Academy of Pediatrics inokurudzira kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvisingapfuuri 30% DEET kuvana, uye vanachiremba vakawanda vevana vanokurudzira kutanga nekugadzirisa kwakaderera senge 10-15% yevana vadiki.

Shandisa DEET kuvana iwe pachako pane kuvabvumira kuti vazviite, uye dzivisa kuiisa pamaoko avo sezvo vana vanowanzoisa maoko avo mumiromo yavo. Nguva dzose geza kana vauya mukati, uye usambofa wakaiisa pasi pemapfekero uko inogona kunyudzwa nyore nyore.

Ndoita sei kana ndikashandisa DEET yakawanda netsaona?

Kana wakashandisa DEET yakawanda, geza nzvimbo yacho nekukasira nesipo nemvura inodziya. Bvisa chero hembe dzine chigadzirwa chakawandisa. Kana ukaona ganda richitsamwa, unogona kushandisa jira rinotonhora, rakanyorova panzvimbo yacho.

Kana DEET ikapinda mumaziso ako, geza zvakanyatso nemvura yakachena kwemaminitsi angangoita 15. Kana ukamedza DEET netsaona, usakonzere kurutsa, asi inwa mvura uye taura nekukasira nevanokwanisa kubatsira kana chiremba wako.

Tarisa zviratidzo zvekuwandisa sekutsamwa kweganda, kurwadziwa nemusoro, kana kusvotwa. Kunyange zvazvo mhinduro dzakakomba dzisingawanzoitiki, tsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa kana ukaona kuvhiringidzika, shanduko dzemafungiro, kana kuoma kufunga mushure mekutora DEET.

Ndingaita Sei Kana Ndakakanganwa Kushandisa DEET?

Kana wakakanganwa kushandisa DEET usati waenda kunze, shandisa nekukasira paunorangarira, kunyanya kana ukaona zvikara zvichishanda. Hazvina kumbononoka kuzvidzivirira, uye DEET inotanga kushanda nekukasira mushure mekuishandisa.

Usashandisa DEET yakawanda kuti ugadzirise kushandiswa kwawakakanganwa. Ingoshandisa huwandu hwakajairika uye shandisa zvakare zvinoenderana nemirairo yechigadzirwa zvichienderana nekuti wakatanga riini kuishandisa, kwete paunenge wakarongeka kuishandisa.

Ndingamira Rini Kushandisa DEET?

Unogona kumira kushandisa DEET kana basa rezvikara richiderera, kazhinji sezvo tembiricha ichidonha mumatsutso nechando. Vanhu vazhinji havadi mushonga wezvikara kana tembiricha iri pasi pe50°F (10°C), sezvo basa rembwa nemakoni rinova diki.

Kana uchishandisa DEET parwendo rwekudzivirira zvirwere, unogona kumira paunodzoka kumba, uchifunga kuti hausi munzvimbo ine chirwere chinotapuriranwa nezvikara. Nguva dzose geza DEET paunenge usisadi dziviriro, kunyange kana ukaronga kuishandisa zvakare gare gare.

Ndingashandisa DEET neSunscreen Here?

Hongu, unogona kushandisa DEET pamwe chete ne sunscreen, asi shandisa zvinhu izvi zvakarongeka. Isa sunscreen kutanga uye uirege ichipinda mumuviri kwemaminitsi mashoma, wobva waisa DEET repellent pamusoro. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvigadzirwa zvese zvishande zvakanaka.

Dzivisa zvigadzirwa zvakabatanidzwa zvine sunscreen ne DEET, nekuti zvinowanzoita kuti zvidzokororwe panguva dzakasiyana. Sunscreen inowanzoitwa kuti idzokororwe maawa maviri ega ega, nepo DEET ichigara kwenguva refu, saka zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana zvinokupa iwe kutonga kwakawanda pamusoro pekudzivirira kwako.