Chii chinonzi Efavirenz: Zvinoshandiswa, Mishonga, Migumisiro, nezvimwe

Efavirenz mushonga unopiwa nachiremba unobatsira kurapa hutachiona hweHIV nekudzivirira hutachiona kuti husawedzere mumuviri mako. Iwo wekirasi yemishonga inonzi non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), iyo inoshanda semukiyi unodzivirira HIV kubva pakuzvigadzira. Mushonga uyu unowanzo torwa kamwe chete pazuva sechikamu chekurapa kwakabatanidzwa nemimwe mishonga yeHIV kubatsira kuchengetedza hutachiona pasi pekutonga uye kuchengetedza immune system yako.

Chii chinonzi Efavirenz?

Efavirenz mushonga weantiviral wakagadzirirwa kurwisa HIV-1, mhando yakajairika yeHIV. Inoshanda nekukanganisa enzyme inonzi reverse transcriptase iyo HIV inoda kuzvigadzirisa mukati memaseru ako. Funga nezvazvo sekugadzira kukiya pamusuwo kunodzivirira hutachiona kubva pakupinda nekutora maseru ako ane hutano.

Mushonga uyu wave uchibatsira vanhu vane HIV kurarama hupenyu hune hutano kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri. Inoonekwa semushonga weHIV wepakati nepakati unoshanda zvakanaka kana ukabatanidzwa nemimwe mishonga yeantiretroviral. Iwe unogara uchitora efavirenz sechikamu chechirongwa chekurapa chakabatanidzwa, kwete wega, nekuti kushandisa mishonga yakawanda pamwechete kunonyanya kushanda pakudzora HIV.

Chii chinonzi Efavirenz chinoshandiswa?

Efavirenz inonyanya kushandiswa kurapa hutachiona hweHIV-1 muvanhu vakuru nevana vanorema angangoita makirogiramu makumi mana (anenge makirogiramu makumi masere nemasere). Icho chikamu cheizvo vanachiremba vanoti highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), iyo inobatanidza mhando dzakasiyana dzemishonga yeHIV kugadzira nzira yekurapa ine simba.

Chiremba wako angakupa mushonga we efavirenz kana uchitanga kurapwa kwe HIV kekutanga kana uchida kuchinja kubva kumumwe mushonga nekuda kwemigumisiro kana kusadzivirirwa. Zvinonyanya kubatsira vanhu vanoda nyore yekutora kamwe chete pazuva. Chinangwa ndeche kuderedza huwandu hwehutachiona hwako kusvika pakusazivikanwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti hutachiona hunodzvanyirirwa zvekuti hahugone kuparadzirwa kune vamwe.

Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanopawo efavirenz sechikamu che post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) mumamiriro ezvinhu ekukurumidzira apo mumwe munhu akabatwa neHIV. Zvisinei, kushandiswa uku hakusi kwakajairika uye kunoda kutarisirwa kwechiremba kwakanyatso.

Efavirenz Inoshanda Sei?

Efavirenz inoshanda nekunangana nechikamu chakati wandei mukubereka kweHIV. Kana HIV ikapinda mumasero ako, inoda kushandura zvinhu zvayo zvemajini kubva kuRNA kuenda kuDNA ichishandisa enzyme inonzi reverse transcriptase. Efavirenz inonamatira zvakananga kune iyi enzyme uye inoidzivirira kuti isashande nemazvo.

Chiito ichi chinodzivirira HIV kubva pakubatanidzwa muDNA yesero rako, izvo zvinomisa hutachiona kubva pakugadzira makopi matsva ehuwandu hwayo. Zvakafanana nekumisa muchina wekutevedzera wehutachiona kuitira kuti usakwanise kubereka. Kunyange zvazvo efavirenz isingarapise HIV, inoderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwehutachiona muropa rako kana ichishandiswa nguva dzose.

Mushonga uyu unoonekwa seune simba zvishoma zvichienzaniswa nemimwe mishonga mitsva yeHIV, asi inoramba ichishanda zvakanyanya kana ichitorwa sezvakanyorwa. Zvinowanzo tora mavhiki akati wandei kuti uone mhedzisiro yakazara pahuwandu hwehutachiona hwako, uye uchada bvunzo dzeropa dzenguva dzose kuti uongorore kuti iri kushanda sei.

Ndingatora Sei Efavirenz?

Tora efavirenz sezvakanyorwa nachiremba wako, kazhinji kamwe chete pazuva mudumbu risina chinhu. Nguva yakanaka kazhinji panguva yekurara, maawa 1-2 mushure memukaka wako wekupedzisira, nekuti nguva iyi inogona kubatsira kuderedza mamwe mativi emhedzisiro senge dzungu kana zviroto zvakajeka.

Momedza piritsi kana kapisuru yese nemvura. Usapwanye, tsenga, kana kuvhura mushonga sezvo izvi zvinogona kukanganisa kuti muviri wako unotora sei mushonga. Kana uri kutora fomu yemvura, iyere zvakanaka nechishandiso chekuyeresa chakapihwa, kwete chipunu chemumba.

Kutora efavirenz mudumbu risina chinhu kwakakosha nekuti chikafu chinogona kuwedzera huwandu hwemushonga unotorwa nemuviri wako, zvichikonzera migumisiro yakawanda. Zvisinei, kana ukaona kusagadzikana kwakanyanya mudumbu, taura nachiremba wako nezve nzira yakanakisisa yemamiriro ako ezvinhu.

Edza kutora mushonga wako panguva imwe chete zuva rega rega kuti uchengetedze mazinga akagadzikana muropa rako. Kumisa alarm yezuva nezuva kana kushandisa chirongwa chemapiritsi kunogona kukubatsira kuyeuka. Kana uchifamba uchiyambuka nzvimbo dzenguva, bvunza chiremba wako kuti ungachinja sei chirongwa chako chemushonga.

Ndinofanira Kutora Efavirenz Kwenguva Yakareba Sei?

Iwe unowanzo kuda kutora efavirenz kwenguva yakareba sezvo ichiramba ichishanda mukudzora HIV yako, iyo inogona kuva makore mazhinji kana kunyange nokusingaperi. Kurapa HIV kazhinji kuzvipira kweupenyu hwese, uye kumisa mushonga wako kunogona kubvumira hutachiona kuti huwedzere nekukurumidza uye zvichikonzera kuramba.

Chiremba wako achatarisa mhinduro yako kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweropa nguva dzose kunoyera huwandu hwehutachiona hwako uye CD4 cell count. Kana efavirenz ichiramba ichichengeta huwandu hwehutachiona hwako hwakadzvanyirirwa uye iwe uchihutsungirira zvakanaka, unogona kuramba uri pamushonga uyu kwemakore. Vamwe vanhu vakatora efavirenz zvakabudirira kwemakore anopfuura gumi.

Zvisinei, unogona kuda kuchinja mishonga kana ukaona migumisiro isingavandudzi, kana hutachiona hukaita kuramba, kana kana dzimwe nzira itsva, dziri nyore dzikawanikwa. Usambomira kutora efavirenz kamwe kamwe usina kubvunza chiremba wako, sezvo izvi zvinogona kukonzera viral rebound uye kuramba kunogona kuitika.

Kana muchida kuva nemimba kana muchiwana matambudziko anoramba achiitika, kurukurai nguva yekuchinja mishonga nemurapi wenyu. Vanogona kukubatsirai kuchinja zvakachengeteka kumishonga imwe kana zvichidikanwa.

Ndezvipi Zvakaipa ZveEfavirenz?

Semishonga yese, efavirenz inogona kukonzera matambudziko, asi havasi vese vanoawana. Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti matambudziko mazhinji anongogara kwenguva pfupi uye anovandudzika muviri wenyu paunojaira mushonga, kazhinji mukati memavhiki mashoma ekutanga ekurapa.

Matambudziko anowanzoitika aunogona kuwana anosanganisira:

• Kurota zviroto zvakajeka kana hope dzemashiripiti
• Dizziness kana kunzwa "kufinyama"
• Kutadza kurara kana kuchinja mumaitiro ekurara
• Nausea kana dumbu rinogumbuka
• Kutemwa nemusoro
• Kuneta kana kunzwa kuneta zvisingaite
• Rash (kazhinji nyoro uye yenguva pfupi)

Izvi zvinowanzoonekwa zvakanyanya mumwedzi wako wekutanga wekurapa uye kazhinji zvinova zvisinganyanyi kunetsa nekufamba kwenguva. Kutora mushonga wako panguva yekurara kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kukanganisa kwe dizziness uye matambudziko ane chekuita nekurara.

Vamwe vanhu vanowana matambudziko akakomba asi asingawanzoitiki anoda kutariswa kwekurapa nekukasira:

• Kuita kweganda kwakanyanya kana rash yakapararira
• Zviratidzo zvematambudziko echiropa (kushanduka kweganda kana maziso kuita yero, weti yakasviba, kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu)
• Kushungurudzika kwakanyanya kana pfungwa dzekuzvikuvadza
• Kuvhiringidzika kunoramba kuripo kana matambudziko ekuyeuka
• Kuchinja kwemafungiro kwakanyanya kana hasha

Taura nachiremba wako nekukasira kana ukaona chero zviratidzo izvi zvakakomba. Mune zviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, efavirenz inogona kukanganisa hutano hwako hwepfungwa kana kukonzera kubatwa, kunyanya muvanhu vane nhoroondo yezvirwere zvepfungwa.

Ndiani Asingafaniri Kutora Efavirenz?

Efavirenz haikodzerani nemunhu wese, uye chiremba wako achanyatsoongorora nhoroondo yako yekurapa asati akunyora. Haufaniri kutora efavirenz kana uine allergic kwairi kana wakambove nekuita kwakanyanya kwairi munguva yakapfuura.

Vanhu vane mamiriro ekurapa akati wandei vanoda kufunga zvakakosha kana vangada kudzivisa efavirenz zvachose:

• Chirwere chechiropa chakanyanya kana hepatitis B kana C
• Nhoroondo yezvinetso zveutano hwepfungwa senge kuora mwoyo kwakanyanya kana psychosis
• Zvirwere zvekurwara kana epilepsy
• QT yakareba inozivikanwa (mamiriro emoyo rhythm)
• Kuzvitakura (kunyanya trimester yekutanga)

Kana uine nhoroondo yekushandisa zvinodhaka zvisiri pamutemo, chiremba wako achayerera njodzi nemabhenefiti zvakanyatsonaka, sezvo efavirenz dzimwe nguva inogona kuwedzera zviratidzo zvepfungwa. Vanhu vane matambudziko eitsvo vanowanzo kutora efavirenz, asi vangada kugadzirisa dosi.

Udza chiremba wako nezve mishonga yese yaunotora, kusanganisira zvinodhaka zvisingatengwe uye zvinowedzera herbal. Efavirenz inogona kuita interaction nemimwe mishonga yakawanda, kusanganisira mamwe antidepressants, mishonga yekurwara, uye kunyange St. John's wort.

Mazita eBrand eEfavirenz

Efavirenz inowanikwa pasi pemazita akati wandei ebrand, neSustiva ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa single-ingredient formulation. Iri brand raive rimwe remapurodhi ekutanga eefavirenz akawanikwa uye akabatsira kumisa mukurumbira wemishonga mukurapa HIV.

Unogonawo kugamuchira efavirenz sechikamu chemapiritsi akabatanidzwa anosanganisira mamwe mishonga yeHIV. Mhando dzakakurumbira dzinosanganisira Atripla (efavirenz + tenofovir + emtricitabine) uye Symfi (efavirenz + tenofovir + lamivudine). Aya mapiritsi akabatanidzwa anogona kuita kuti kurapwa kuve nyore nekuderedza huwandu hwemapiritsi aunoda kutora zuva rega rega.

Mhando dzakajairika dzeefavirenz dzavepo uye dzinobata zvakanyatsonaka semhando dzemazita. Inishuwarenzi yako inogona kuda sarudzo dzakajairika, dzinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mari yemishonga yako. Nguva dzose tarisa nemupharmacy wako kana uine mibvunzo pamusoro peiyo vhezheni yaunogamuchira.

Zvimwe Zvinhu ZveEfavirenz

Kana efavirenz isingashande zvakanaka kwauri, mishonga yakati wandei yeHIV inogona kupa mabhenefiti akafanana. Chiremba wako angangofunga kukuchinjira kune mamwe maNNRTIs senge rilpivirine (Edurant) kana doravirine (Pifeltro), ayo anowanzoita mashoma mativi emupfungwa.

Integrase inhibitors inomiririra imwe kirasi yemishonga yeHIV iyo vanachiremba vazhinji zvino vanosarudza seyekutanga-mutsara kurapwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira dolutegravir (Tivicay), bictegravir (inowanikwa muBiktarvy), uye raltegravir (Isentress). Mishonga iyi inowanzoita mashoma mativi uye haina kukonzera kukanganiswa kwekurara kana shanduko yemood.

Kune vanhu vanoda kamwe chete-zuva dosing, mapiritsi akasanganiswa seBiktarvy, Triumeq, kana Dovato anogona kuva dzimwe nzira dzakanaka. Aya masanganiswa matsva anowanzoita zvakanyanya uye anoshanda zvakaenzana pakudzora HIV.

Sarudzo yezvimwe zvinhu zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita semimwe mishonga yako, basa reitsvo, mikana yekudyidzana kwemishonga, uye zvaunofarira. Chiremba wako achashanda newe kuti awane sarudzo yakanakisisa kana efavirenz isiri iyo yakakodzera.

Ko Efavirenz Ari Nani Kudarika Dolutegravir?

Ese ari maviri efavirenz uye dolutegravir mishonga yeHIV inoshanda, asi anoshanda zvakasiyana uye ane zvakanakira zvakasiyana. Dolutegravir, integrase inhibitor, yakave sarudzo inofarirwa yevakawanda vanachiremba nekuti inowanzoita mashoma mativi uye ine chipingamupinyi chakakwirira chekuramba.

Efavirenz yakagara kwenguva refu uye ine nhoroondo yakakura yekubudirira, nemakumi emakore ekushandiswa chaiko-nyika achiratidza kushanda kwayo. Inoramba iri sarudzo yakanaka kune vanhu vazhinji, kunyanya avo vanoigamuchira zvakanaka uye vanoda nyore nyore yekushandisa kamwe pazuva.

Dolutegravir kazhinji inokonzera mashoma matambudziko epfungwa akadai sehope dzakajeka kana shanduko dzemafungiro ayo vamwe vanhu vanowana neefavirenz. Zvisinei, dolutegravir inogona kukonzera kuwedzera uremu mune vamwe vanhu, izvo zvisingawanzoitiki neefavirenz.

Sarudzo

Usayedza "kugadzirisa" mushonga wakawandisa nekusvetuka mushonga wako unotevera. Pane kudaro, dzokera kuchirongwa chako chekushandisa mishonga nguva dzose uye zivisa chiremba wako zvakaitika. Vanogona kukupa zano rekuti uenderere mberi sei zvakachengeteka.

Ndingaita Sei Kana Ndakanganwa Mushonga weEfavirenz?

Kana ukakanganwa mushonga uye zvapfuura maawa gumi nemaviri kubva panguva yako yakatarwa, tora mushonga wacho paunorangarira. Kana zvapfuura maawa gumi nemaviri, svetuka mushonga wakakanganwa uye tora mushonga wako unotevera panguva yakatarwa.

Usambofa wakatora mishonga miviri panguva imwe chete kuti ugadzirise mushonga wakakanganwa, nekuti izvi zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yemigumisiro. Kana iwe uchikanganwa mishonga kazhinji, taura nachiremba wako nezve nzira dzekukubatsira kurangarira, sekugadzira maalarm emafoni kana kushandisa chirongwa chemishonga.

Ndingamira Rini Kutora Efavirenz?

Unofanirwa kungomira kutora efavirenz pasi pekutariswa kwechiremba. Usambomira kamwechete wega, nekuti izvi zvinogona kukonzera viral rebound uye zvinogona kubvumira HIV kuti ivake kuramba mushonga.

Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kumira efavirenz kana iwe ukawana migumisiro yakakomba, kana hutachiona hukava hunodzivisa, kana iwe uchichinja kune imwe nzira yekurapa. Chero shanduko dzemishonga dzinofanirwa kurongwa zvakanyatso chenjerera kuti uve nechokwadi chekuenderera mberi kweviral suppression mukati mechinjo.

Ndinganwa Doro Ndiri Kutora Efavirenz?

Kunyangwe pasina kubatana kwakananga pakati peefavirenz nedoro, kunwa kunogona kuwedzera mimwe migumisiro yakaita sedzihwa, kuvhiringidzika, kana shanduko dzemafungiro. Doro rinogonawo kukanganisa kurara kwako, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera mhedzisiro yeefavirenz pamaitiro ekurara.

Kana iwe ukasarudza kunwa, ita zvine mwero uye chenjerera zvakanyanya nezve zviitiko zvinoda kuchenjerera, sekutyaira. Teerera kuti doro rinokukanganisa sei paunenge uchitora efavirenz, sezvo iwe unogona kunge uri sensitive kune mhedzisiro yaro kupfuura zvakajairika.