Chii chinonzi Bariatric Surgery? Chinangwa, Maitiro & Mhedzisiro

Bariatric surgery inzira yekurapa inobatsira vanhu vane kufutisa zvakanyanya kurasikirwa nehuremu nekuchinja mashandiro emuviri wavo wekugaya chikafu. Kushanda uku kunoita kuti dumbu rako ridiki, kuchinja maitiro emuviri wako ekutora zvinovaka muviri, kana zvese zviri zviviri. Funga nezvazvo sechishandiso chine simba chinoshanda pamwe chete nekudya zvine hutano uye kurovedza muviri kuti zvikubatsire kuwana kurasikirwa nehuremu kwenguva refu kana dzimwe nzira dzisina kubudirira.

Chii chinonzi bariatric surgery?

Bariatric surgery inoreva nzira dzakasiyana dzekuvhiya dzakagadzirirwa kubatsira vanhu kurasikirwa nehuremu hwakawanda. Izwi rekuti

Ungave uri munhu anokodzera kuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric kana body mass index (BMI) yako iri 40 kana kupfuura, kana kana BMI yako iri 35 kana kupfuura uye uine matambudziko makuru ehutano ane hukama nehuremu. Matambudziko ehutano aya anosanganisira chirwere cheshuga che mhando 2, high blood pressure, sleep apnea, chirwere chemoyo, kana arthritis yakakomba inoita kuti zvive zvakaoma kufamba zvakanaka.

Kuvhiyiwa kunogona kubatsira kurapa kana kuvandudza mamiriro mazhinji ehutano ane hukama nekuwanda kwemafuta anokanganisa hupenyu hwako. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana kuti chirwere chavo cheshuga chinovandudzika zvakanyanya, blood pressure yavo inova nyore kudzora, uye vanogona kufema zvirinani usiku. Vamwe vanhu vanotowana kuti mishonga yavo inogona kuderedzwa kana kubviswa zvachose.

Kupfuura mabhenefiti emuviri, kuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric kazhinji kunobatsira vanhu kuwana chivimbo uye kunakidzwa nezvinhu zvavasina kukwanisa kuita kare. Zvinhu zviri nyore sekukwira masitepisi, kutamba nevana, kana kukwana zvakanaka muzvigaro zve ndege zvinova zvichibvira zvakare.

Ndeipi nzira yekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric?

Matanho chaiwo ekuvhiyiwa kwako kwe bariatric zvinoenderana nerudzi rwekuvhiyiwa kwauri kuita. Zvisinei, kuvhiyiwa kwakawanda kwe bariatric kunotevera maitiro akafanana uye kunoitwa pasi pe general anesthesia iwe paunenge wakarara zvachose.

Munguva ye gastric bypass, chiremba wako anogadzira pouch diki kumusoro mudumbu rako uye anoibatanidza zvakananga kuura hwako hudiki. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chikafu chinopfuura chikamu chikuru chedumbu rako uye chikamu chekutanga cheura hwako hudiki, saka unonzwa wakazara nekukurumidza uye unotora macalorie mashoma kubva pane zvaunodya.

Kune sleeve gastrectomy, chiremba wako anobvisa anenge 75-80% yedumbu rako, achisiya chubhu yakamaneka kana "sleeve" inenge saizi yebhanana. Dumbu iri diki rinobata chikafu chidiki, saka unogutsikana nezvikamu zvidiki.

Nekubatanidzwa kwegastric kunogadziriswa, bhendi diki rinowanikwa kumusoro kwedumbu rako kuti rigadzire pouch diki. Iyo bhendi inogona kusungwa kana kusunungurwa sezvinodiwa nekuwedzera kana kubvisa saline solution kuburikidza nechiteshi chakaiswa pasi peganda rako.

Mavhiyo mazhinji e bariatric anotora pakati pe1-4 maawa kuti apedze, zvichienderana nekuoma kwenyaya yako. Chikwata chako chekuvhiya chichakutarisa zvakanyatsonaka panguva yese yekuita kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengeteka kwako uye kunyaradzwa.

Maitiro ekugadzirira kuvhiyiwa kwako kwe bariatric?

Kugadzirira kuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric kunosanganisira matanho akati wandei akakosha pamusoro pemavhiki akati wandei kana mwedzi usati waita maitiro ako. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichakutungamira kuburikidza nechinhu chimwe nechimwe kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti wakagadzirira zvakanyanya kuvhiyiwa nekupora.

Uchada kupedzisa ongororo yakazara yekurapa inosanganisira bvunzo dzeropa, bvunzo dzemoyo nemapapu, uye dzimwe nguva mamwe maitiro ekufananidza. Chiremba wako anoda kuona kuti une hutano hwakakwana hwekuvhiyiwa uye kuziva chero mamiriro anoda kutariswa kwakakosha panguva yekuita kwako.

Zvirongwa zvakawanda zvinoda kuti usangane nemunhu ane hutano uye dzimwe nguva nyanzvi yepfungwa kana chiremba wepfungwa. Aya maapointimenti anobatsira kuona kuti unonzwisisa shanduko dzekudya dzaunoda kuita uye kuti wakagadzirira mumuviri shanduko huru yehupenyu pamberi.

Chiremba wako anogona kukukumbira kuti utadze uremu hwakawanda usati wavhiyiwa, kazhinji 5-10% yehuremu hwako hwezvino. Izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza saizi yeriver yako uye inoita kuti kuvhiyiwa kuve kwakachengeteka uye kuri nyore kuita. Unogona kupihwa chikafu chakati wandei chekutevera kwemavhiki 1-2 usati waita maitiro ako.

Uchadawo kurega kusvuta zvachose kana uchisvuta, sezvo kusvuta kunowedzera zvakanyanya njodzi yako yematambudziko. Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kumisa mishonga yakati wandei uye kutora mavitamini akati wandei kuti uvandudze hutano hwako usati wavhiyiwa.

Maitiro ekuverenga mhedzisiro yako yekuvhiya kwe bariatric?

Kubudirira mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric kunoyerwa nenzira dzakasiyana, uye timu yako yezvokurapa ichatevera kufambira mberi kwako kwemwedzi nemakore. Chiyero chinowanzo shandiswa kurasikirwa nehuremu hwakawandisa, iyo inoenzanisa kuti wakarasikirwa nehuremu hwakadii nekuti wakanga uine huremu hwakawandisa hwakadii usati wavhiyiwa.

Mhedzisiro inobudirira inowanzoita kurasikirwa ne50% kana kupfuura yehuremu hwako hwakawandisa mukati memwedzi gumi nemiviri kusvika gumi nemasere mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Semuenzaniso, kana waiva nemapaundi zana akawandisa usati wavhiyiwa, kurasikirwa nemapaundi makumi mashanu kana kupfuura kwaizotorwa sekubudirira. Zvisinei, rwendo rwemunhu wese rwakasiyana, uye mhedzisiro yako yega yega inogona kusiyana.

Timu yako yezvokurapa ichatarisawo kuvandudzwa mumamiriro ako ehutano. Vanhu vazhinji vanoona kuvandudzwa kukuru muchirwere chavo cheshuga, nevamwe vanhu vasingachadi mishonga yeshuga. Kudzvinyirirwa kweropa kunowanzoita nani, kurara apnea kunogona kugadziriswa, uye kurwadziwa kwemajoini kunoderera zvakanyanya.

Kuvandudzwa kwemhando yehupenyu kwakakosha sezviverengero pachiyero. Chiremba wako achabvunza nezve mazinga ako esimba, kugona kutora chikamu mumabasa, mafungiro, uye kugutsikana kwese nemhedzisiro yako panguva yekutevera-kumusoro kusangana.

Kubudirira kwenguva refu kunoenderana nekutevera gwara rako rekushanda mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kusanganisira kudya zvikamu zvidiki, kusarudza chikafu chinovaka muviri, kutora mavitamini, uye kuramba uchishingaira mumuviri. Timu yako yezvokurapa ichapa rutsigiro rwekuenderera mberi kukubatsira kuchengetedza kurasikirwa nehuremu hwako uye kuvandudzwa kwehutano.

Nzira yekuchengetedza huremu hwako mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric?

Kuchengetedza kurasikirwa nehuremu hwako mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric kunoda kuzvipira kusingaperi kune shanduko yehupenyu hune hutano. Kuvhiyiwa kwako chishandiso chine simba, asi chinoshanda zvakanyanya kana chakabatanidzwa nekuchinja kwenguva dzose kune maitiro ako ekudya uye nhanho yebasa.

Unofanira kudya zvidimbu zvidiki zvikuru kweupenyu hwako hwese, kazhinji chikamu chimwe chechina kusvika hafu mukombe wechikafu pachikafu chimwe nechimwe. Dumbu rako idzva rinogona chete kubata chikafu chidiki, saka unofanira kutarisa kuwana chikafu chakawanda kubva pakuruma kwese kwaunoita.

Kusarudza chikafu chine mapuroteni akawanda kunova kwakakosha nekuti muviri wako unoda mapuroteni kuti uchengetedze tsandanyama uye kupora zvakanaka. Nyanzvi yako yezvokudya ichakubatsira kudzidza kuti ndeapi chikafu anopa chikafu chakawanda muzvidimbu zvidiki uye nzira yekudzivisa chikafu chinogona kukonzera matambudziko.

Kushanda muviri nguva dzose kunokubatsira kuchengetedza uremu hwako hwaunorasikirwa uye kunovandudza hutano hwako hwese. Vazhinji vanachiremba vanokurudzira kutanga nezviitwa zvinyoro zvakadai sekufamba uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera mwero wako wekuita sezvaunopora uye kurasikirwa uremu.

Kutora mavitamini uye zvinowedzerwa zvakakosha kweupenyu hwako hwese nekuti hurongwa hwako hwekugaya hwakachinja hunogona kusatambira zvinovaka muviri zvakanaka sezvazvakamboita. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichanyora mavitamini chaiwo uye chichatarisa mazinga ako ezvokudya kuburikidza nemiedzo yeropa nguva dzose.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine njodzi zvematambudziko ekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric?

Nepo kuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric kazhinji kuri kwakachengeteka, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yematambudziko. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu zvine njodzi kunobatsira chikwata chako chekurapa kutora matanho ekuwedzera uye kunokubatsira kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo nezve kuvhiyiwa.

Zera rinoita basa munjodzi yekuvhiya, nevaya vane makore anopfuura 65 vaine mwero wepamusoro wekumatambudziko. Zvisinei, vakuru vakawanda vachiri kubatsirwa zvikuru nekuvhiyiwa, uye zera roga harikubvise pakukodzera kuva mumiriri.

Kuva nezvinetso zvakawanda zvehutano zvakaita sechirwere cheshuga, chirwere chemoyo, kana matambudziko emapapu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi dzekuvhiya. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichaongorora zvakanyatso izvi zvinokonzera uye chichashanda kuvandudza hutano hwako usati wavhiyiwa kuti uderedze matambudziko anogona kuitika.

Uremu hwenyu hwavari kungavawo hunogona kukanganisa njodzi. Vanhu vane maBMIs akanyanya kukwirisa (anopfuura 50) vanogona kuva nemitengo yakaoma zvishoma, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti kuvhiyiwa hakuna kubatsira - zvinongoreva kuti timu yenyu ichatora matanho ekuwedzera.

Kusvuta kunowedzera zvakanyanya njodzi yako yematambudziko anosanganisira kupora kwakashata kwemaronda, magwamba eropa, uye matambudziko ekufema. Zvirongwa zvakawanda zvinoda kuti urege kusvuta zvachose usati wavhiyiwa uye zvinopa rutsigiro rwekukubatsira kubudirira.

Kuvhiyiwa kwepamuviri kwakapfuura kunogona kuita kuti maitiro ako ave akaoma, asi hazvirevi kuti hazvikudzivise kuva nekukuvhiyiwa kwebariatric. Chiremba wako achatarisa nhoroondo yako yekuvhiya uye anogona kuda kushandura nzira yavo zvishoma.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika zvekukuvhiwa kwebariatric?

Kufanana nekumwe kuvhiyiwa kukuru, maitiro ebariatric anotakura njodzi, kunyangwe matambudziko akakomba asina kujairika. Vanhu vazhinji vanongowana matambudziko madiki, enguva pfupi anogadziriswa nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera nekutarisisa.

Matambudziko enguva pfupi anogona kuitika mumavhiki mashoma ekutanga anosanganisira kubuda ropa, hutachiona panzvimbo dzekucheka, uye magwamba eropa. Timu yako yezvokurapa inokutarisa zvakanyatso chenjerera matambudziko aya uye ine kurapwa kwakaratidzwa kana akaitika. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana matambudziko aya vanopora zvakakwana nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera.

Vamwe vanhu vanowana kusvotwa nekutsvuka mumavhiki mashoma ekutanga sezvavanogadzirisa kuhukuru hwavo hutsva mudumbu. Izvi zvinowanzoita nani sezvaunodzidza kudya zvidiki, kutsenga zvakakwana, uye kumira kudya paunonzwa wakazara.

Kushaikwa kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri kunogona kukura nekufamba kwenguva kana ukasatora mavitamini ako akanyorwa uye ukatevera netimu yako yezvokurapa nguva dzose. Kushaikwa kwakajairika kunosanganisira vhitamini B12, simbi, calcium, uye vhitamini D. Kuyedzwa kweropa nguva dzose kunobatsira kubata izvi kare kuitira kuti zvigadziriswe.

Dambudziko reDumping syndrome rinogona kuitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe gastric bypass apo chikafu chinofamba nekukurumidza kubva mudumbu rako kuenda kumukati mudiki. Izvi zvinokonzera zviratidzo zvakaita se nausea, cramping, uye manyoka, kunyanya mushure mekudya chikafu chine shuga kana mafuta. Vanhu vazhinji vanodzidza kudzivisa chikafu chinokonzera uye havawanzoona dambudziko iri.

Kazhinji, matambudziko akakomba anogona kuitika, sekudonha panzvimbo dzakavhiyiwa kana matambudziko akakomba ekudya. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichatsanangura njodzi dzese dzinogona kuitika uye kukutarisa zvakanyanya kuti ubate chero nyaya kare kana dzichigona kurapwa zvakanyanya.

Ndingatarisana riini nachiremba mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric?

Uchava nekugadzwa nguva dzose nekutevera chikwata chako che bariatric kweupenyu hwako hwese, asi unofanirwawo kuziva kuti ungatsvaga riini rubatsiro rwekurapa nekukurumidza. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichakupa gwara rakajeka rekuti ungadaidzira riini kana kushanyira kamuri rekukurumidzira.

Bata chiremba wako nekukurumidza kana ukaona kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu, kurutsa kunoramba kuripo, zviratidzo zvehutachiona senge fivha kana kutsvuka kutenderedza zvikamu zvako, kana kuoma kufema. Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuratidza matambudziko anoda kutariswa kwekurapa nekukurumidza.

Fonera chikwata chako chekurapa kana usingakwanise kuchengeta mvura pasi kwemaawa anopfuura makumi maviri nemana, sezvo kupera mvura mumuviri kunogona kuve kwakakomba nekukurumidza mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric. Saizvozvowo, kana ukaona kuneta kusinganzwisisike, kusimba, kana shanduko mukujeka kwako kwepfungwa, izvi zvinogona kuve zviratidzo zvekushaikwa kwezvekudya.

Unofanirwawo kutsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa kana ukaona kurwadziwa muchipfuva, kurwadziwa kwemakumbo kana kuzvimba, kana kufema kamwe kamwe, sezvo izvi zvinogona kuve zviratidzo zvekuumbwa kweropa. Kunyangwe zvisingawanzoitiki, ropa rinogona kuve rakakomba uye rinoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Kugadzwa nguva dzose kunokosha kunyangwe iwe uchinzwa zvakanaka. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichatarisa kufambira mberi kwako kwekurasikirwa nehuremu, tarisa chimiro chako chekudya, chinja mishonga yako, uye kugadzirisa chero zvaungave nazvo nezvekupora kwako.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa pamusoro pekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric

Kuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric kwakanakira chirwere cheshuga che mhando 2 here?

Hongu, kuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric kunogona kushanda zvakanyanya pakurapa chirwere cheshuga che mhando 2. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana kuvandudzwa kukuru mukudzora shuga yeropa ravo, uye vamwe vanhu vanowana kupora zvachose kwechirwere chavo cheshuga mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Kuvandudzwa kunowanzoitika nekukurumidza, dzimwe nguva mukati memazuva mashoma kana mavhiki mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kunyangwe vasati vanyanya kurasikirwa nehuremu kunoitika. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kuvhiyiwa kunochinja maitiro emuviri wako ekugadzirisa glucose nenzira dzinodarika kurasikirwa nehuremu.

Kuwana huremu zvakare kunoitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric here?

Kuwana huremu zvakare kwakajairika uye kunotarisirwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric, kazhinji kunoitika makore 2-5 mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana zvakare anenge 15-25% yehuremu hwavo hwakarasika, asi vachiri kuchengetedza kurasikirwa kukuru kwehuremu hwavo zvichienzaniswa nehuremu hwavo vasati vavhiyiwa.

Chinhu chakakosha pakuderedza kuwana huremu zvakare ndiko kutevera gwara rako mushure mekuvhiyiwa nguva dzose, kusanganisira kudya zvikamu zvakakodzera, kusarudza chikafu chinovaka muviri, kuramba uchishingaira mumuviri, uye kuenda kumisangano yekutevera nguva dzose nechikwata chako chekurapa.

Ndingava nemimba mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric here?

Hongu, unogona kuva nemimba zvakachengeteka mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric, uye vakadzi vazhinji vanowana kuti kubereka kwavo kunovandudzwa mushure mekurasa huremu. Zvisinei, vanachiremba vazhinji vanokurudzira kumirira mwedzi 12-18 mushure mekuvhiyiwa usati waedza kutora mimba kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti huremu hwako hwakagadzikana uye chikafu chako chakanaka.

Uchada kutarisa pedyo panguva yekuzvitakura kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti iwe nemwana wako munowana chikafu chakakwana. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichashanda pamwe chete nachiremba wako weobstetrician kuti agadzirise zvinowedzerwa zvako zvevhitamini uye atarise mamiriro ako ekudya panguva yekuzvitakura kwako.

Ndingada kuvhiyiwa kwepurasitiki mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric here?

Havasi munhu wese anoda kuvhiyiwa kwepurasitiki mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric, asi vamwe vanhu vanosarudza kubvisa ganda rakawandisa kana uremu hwavo hwagadzika. Huwandu hweganda rakawandisa hunoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita se zera rako, majini, uremu hwakawanda hwaunorasikirwa, uye nekukurumidza kwaunorasikirwa.

Vazhinji vanachiremba vanokurudzira kumirira angangoita 12-18 mwedzi mushure mekunge uremu hwako hwagadzika usati wafunga nezve kuvhiyiwa kwepurasitiki. Izvi zvinopa ganda rako nguva yekusimba zvakasikwa sezvinobvira uye zvinovimbisa kuti uri kuchengetedza kurasikirwa kwako uremu zvinobudirira.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kupora kubva mukuvhiyiwa kwe bariatric?

Vanhu vazhinji vanodzoka kuzviitwa zvezuva nezuva mukati memavhiki 2-4 mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe laparoscopic bariatric. Zvisinei, kupora kwako kwakakwana uye kugadzirisa maitiro ako matsva ekudya kunogona kutora mwedzi yakati wandei kusvika gore.

Iwe unowanzo kutanga nemvura kwemazuva mashoma ekutanga, wobva waenderera mberi nekudya kwakapwanyika, chikafu chipfava, uye pakupedzisira chikafu chakajairika kwemavhiki 4-6. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichakutungamira kuburikidza nechikamu chega chega chekupora uye kukubatsira kudzidza tsika itsva dzekudya dzichatsigira kubudirira kwako kwenguva refu.