Chii chinonzi Carotid Endarterectomy? Chinangwa, Maitiro & Mhedzisiro

Carotid endarterectomy inzira yekuvhiya inobvisa plaque buildup kubva mumitsipa yako ye carotid. Aya ndiwo midziyo mikuru yeropa mumutsipa mako inotakura ropa rine oxygen kuenda kuuropi hwako. Kana plaque ikamanikidza tsinga idzi, inogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekurohwa, uye kuvhiyiwa uku kunobatsira kudzorera kuyerera kweropa kwakakodzera kudzivirira uropi hwako.

Chii chinonzi carotid endarterectomy?

Carotid endarterectomy ndiyo kuvhiyiwa kwekudzivirira kunochenesa tsinga dzako dze carotid. Funga nezvazvo sekuchenesa pombi yakavharika - chiremba wako anobvisa mafuta deposits uye plaque yakavaka pamadziro etsinga nekufamba kwenguva.

Maitiro aya anonyanya kutarisana ne carotid artery stenosis, zvinoreva kuti kudzikira kwemidziyo iyi yeropa yakakosha. Kuvhiyiwa kunosanganisira kuita incision diki mumutsipa wako, kuvhura tsinga kwenguva pfupi, uye kunyatsokwenya plaque buildup.

Chinangwa ndechekuwedzera tsinga kudzokera kuhukuru hwayo hwakajairika kuitira kuti ropa riyerere zvakasununguka kuuropi hwako. Izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yako yekurohwa kunokonzerwa nekuyerera kweropa kwakavharika kana zvidimbu zve plaque zvichibuda.

Nei carotid endarterectomy ichiitwa?

Chiremba wako anokurudzira kuvhiyiwa uku kunyanya kudzivirira sitiroko. Kana tsinga dzako dze carotid dzikava dzakamanikana zvakanyanya - kazhinji ne70% kana kupfuura - njodzi yekurohwa inowedzera zvakanyanya.

Maitiro acho anowanzoitwa kana uine chirwere chakakomba che carotid artery asi usati wambove nesitiroko huru. Inokurudzirwawo kana wakambove nemini-strokes (inonzi transient ischemic attacks kana TIAs) kana kana bvunzo dzekufungidzira dzichiratidza kuwanda kwepaque kunotyisa.

Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanokurudzira kuvhiyiwa uku kunyangwe usina zviratidzo, kunyanya kana bvunzo dzikaratidza kudzikira kwakanyanya. Kuvhiyiwa kunoshanda sechiyero chekudzivirira, senge kugadzirisa damu risati raputika pane kumirira mafashama.

Ndeapi maitiro e carotid endarterectomy?

Kuvhiwa kunowanzo tora maawa 2-3 uye kunoitwa pasi peanesthesia yakajairika, saka uchavata zvakakwana. Chiremba wako anovhiya anoita incision ye 3-4 inch padivi pemutsipa wako kuti asvike mutsinga ye carotid.

Hezvino zvinoitika panguva yematanho makuru ekuvhiya:

1. Chiremba wako anovhiya anonyatso paradzanisa tsandanyama nemaseru kuti asvike mutsinga ye carotid
2. Vanisa ma clamps enguva pfupi pamusoro nepasi pechikamu chakamanikana kuti vamise kuyerera kweropa
3. Chubhu diki (shunt) inogona kuiswa kuchengetedza kuyerera kweropa kuuropi hwako panguva yekuvhiya
4. Tsinga inovhurwa lengthwise, uye plaque inobviswa zvakanyatsonaka muchidimbu chimwe chete kana zvichibvira
5. Tsinga inovharwa nemasitichi akanaka, dzimwe nguva vachishandisa chigamba kuti iwedzere
6. Kuyerera kweropa kunodzoreredzwa, uye incision inovharwa mumalayer

Chikwata chako chekuvhiya chinotarisa kushanda kweuropi hwako panguva yekuvhiya uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana. Varwere vazhinji vanogona kudzokera kumba mukati me1-2 mazuva mushure mekuvhiwa.

Maitiro ekugadzirira carotid endarterectomy yako?

Kugadzirira kwako kunotanga svondo rimwe chete risati raitwa kuvhiwa nemirairo chaiyo kubva kuchikwata chako chekurapa. Uchada kumisa mishonga yakati wandei, kunyanya zvinoderedza ropa, sezvakarairwa nachiremba wako.

Kugadzirira kwako kwekuvhiya kunowanzo sanganisira:

• Kumisa kusvuta kanenge mavhiki 2 kuvhiwa kusati kwaitwa kuti uvandudze kupora
• Kuronga kuti mumwe munhu akutyairire kumba uye agare newe kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana
• Kudzivisa chikafu nezvinwiwa mushure mepakati pehusiku zuva rako rekuvhiya risati rasvika
• Kutora chero mishonga yakarairwa nemukanwa mudiki wemvura sezvakarairwa
• Kuunza runyorwa rwemishonga yako yese iripo kuchipatara
• Kupfeka mbatya dzakasununguka, dzakasununguka dzisingade kupfuura pamusoro wako

Chiremba wako anogonawo kuraira mamwe maedzo akaita sebasa reropa kana zvidzidzo zvekuongorora kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti wagadzirira kuvhiyiwa. Usazeze kubvunza mibvunzo pamusoro pechinhu chipi nechipi chinokunetsa.

Maitiro ekuverenga mhedzisiro yako ye carotid endarterectomy?

Kubudirira mushure me carotid endarterectomy kunoyerwa nekuvandudzwa kweropa uye kuderedzwa kwenjodzi yekurohwa. Chiremba wako achashandisa maedzo e ultrasound kuti aone kuti tsinga yako ikozvino yakavhurika uye ropa richiyerera zvakanaka.

Pakarepo mushure mekuvhiyiwa, unogona kutarisira kumwe kuzvimba uye kusagadzikana panzvimbo yekucheka. Mutsi wako unogona kunzwa wakasimba kana kusanzwa kwemavhiki akati wandei, izvo zvakajairika zvachose sezvo matishu achipora.

Mhedzisiro yenguva refu inowanzoita yakanaka - zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kuvhiyiwa kunoderedza njodzi yekurohwa neanenge 50% muvanhu vakakodzera. Vanhu vazhinji havawani zviratidzo zvinoramba zvichiitika uye vanogona kudzokera kumabasa avo akajairika mukati memavhiki 2-4.

Chikwata chako chekurapa chichaita nguva yekutevera-up yekutarisa kupora kwako uye kuona kuti tsinga inoramba yakavhurika. Aya maonero akakosha pakuchengetedza mhedzisiro yako yakanaka.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine njodzi zvekuda carotid endarterectomy?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinowedzera mukana wako wekuvandudza chirwere che carotid artery chingangoda kuvhiyiwa uku. Zera ndicho chinhu chakanyanya kukosha, njodzi ichiwedzera zvakanyanya mushure me65.

Zvikonzero zvakakosha zvinobatsira mukudzikira kwetsinga ye carotid zvinosanganisira:

• Kuvhiringidzika kweropa kwepamusoro kunokuvadza madziro etsinga nekufamba kwenguva
• Mazinga epamusoro echolesterol anotungamira pakuumbwa kwepaque
• Diabetes, iyo inokurumidza kukuvadza tsinga
• Kusvuta, kunowedzera njodzi yako yechirwere che carotid artery
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere chemoyo kana sitiroko
• Kutambudzika kwemoyo kwakapfuura kana chirwere cheperipheral artery
• Kufutisa uye mararamiro ekugara

Kuve nezvinhu zvakawanda zvinokonzera njodzi zvinowedzera mikana yako yekuwana chirwere chakakomba checarotid artery. Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti zvinhu zvakawanda izvi zvinogona kudzora kuburikidza nekuchinja mararamiro uye mishonga.

Ndezvipi zvingaitika kana ukaenda ku carotid endarterectomy?

Nepo carotid endarterectomy ichiita seyakanaka, semamwe maoparesheni, ine njodzi. Chinhu chinonyanya kukomba chingaitika ndicho sitiroko, iyo inoonekwa muvanhu vanenge 1-3%.

Zvimwe zvingaitika, kunyangwe zvisingawanzoitiki, zvinosanganisira:

• Kurwisa kwemoyo nekuda kwekushushikana kwekuvhiyiwa
• Kubuda ropa kana kuumbwa kweropa panzvimbo yekuongorora
• Kutapukirwa kwekucheka, kazhinji kunogona kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya
• Kukuvadzwa kwetsinga kunokonzera shanduko dzenguva pfupi kana dzechigarire dzemanzwi
• Kunetsa kwenguva pfupi kumedza kana kusimba kumeso
• Kushanduka kweropa kunoda kugadziridzwa kwemishonga

Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvinogona kuitika zvenguva pfupi uye zvinopera mukati memavhiki kusvika kumwedzi. Chikwata chako chekuvhiya chinotora matanho akawanda kuderedza njodzi idzi, uye mabhenefiti anowanzo pfuura njodzi dzinogona kuitika.

Zvisingawanzoitiki zvingasanganisira kubatwa kana shanduko dzekuziva, asi izvi zvinokanganisa vanhu vanosvika 1%. Chiremba wako achakurukura njodzi yako chaiyo usati waita maitiro acho.

Ndingafonera chiremba riini mushure mecarotid endarterectomy?

Unofanira kubata chiremba wako nekukasira kana ukaona chero zviratidzo zve sitiroko mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kusimba kamwe kamwe, kupera nhengo, kuvhiringidzika, kunetsa kutaura, kana kurwadziwa kwemusoro kwakanyanya.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvekuyambira zvinoda kutariswa kwekurapa nekukasira zvinosanganisira:

• Kubuda ropa kwakanyanya kana kuzvimba panzvimbo yekuongorora
• Zviratidzo zveutachiona senge fivha, kurwadziwa kunowedzera, kana pus kubva pakucheka
• Kushanduka kamwe kamwe kwekuona kana dzungu
• Kutadza kufema kana kurwadziwa muchipfuva
• Kurwadziwa kwemutsipa kwakanyanya kana kuoma
• Kupera nhengo itsva kana kunzwa kunzwa kumeso kwako kana nhengo dzako

Pakuongorora nguva dzose, iwe unowanzoona chiremba wako wekuvhiya mukati mevhiki 1-2 mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Kuongororwa nguva dzose nemiedzo ye ultrasound inowanzoitwa pamwedzi 6, wobva wava gore negore kuti uongorore tsinga yako.

Usanetseka nekusagadzikana kudiki, kupfava, kana kuzvimba zvishoma - izvi zvinowanzoitika pakupona. Kana usina chokwadi, zvinogara zviri nani kufonera timu yako yezvokurapa uine mibvunzo.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve carotid endarterectomy

Q.1 Ko carotid endarterectomy yakanaka kudzivirira sitiroko here?

Hongu, carotid endarterectomy inoshanda zvakanyanya pakudzivirira sitiroko kune vanhu vakakodzera. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza nguva dzose kuti zvinoderedza njodzi yesitiroko neanenge 50% muvanhu vane tsinga ye carotid artery yakamanana zvakanyanya.

Kuvhiyiwa kunonyanya kubatsira vanhu vane 70% kana kupfuura kuoma kwetsinga yavo ye carotid artery, kunyanya kana vakambove nemini-strokes. Kune vanhu vane kuoma kwepakati (50-69%), mabhenefiti madiki asi achiri akakosha mune dzimwe nguva.

Q.2 Ko tsinga ye carotid artery inogara ichikonzera zviratidzo here?

Kwete, tsinga ye carotid artery inowanzoita chinyararire isina zviratidzo zvinooneka. Vanhu vazhinji vane zvivharo zvakakosha zvinowanikwa chete panguva yekuongororwa kwezvokurapa kana bvunzo dzekufungidzira nezvimwe zvikonzero.

Kana zviratidzo zvikaitika, zvinowanzo sanganisira mini-strokes nekushaya simba kwenguva pfupi, kupera nhengo, shanduko dzezviono, kana kuoma kutaura. Zvisinei, chiratidzo chekutanga dzimwe nguva chinogona kuva sitiroko huru, ndicho chikonzero nei kuongorora kwakakosha kune vanhu vane njodzi huru.

Q.3 Kupora kunotora nguva yakareba sei mushure me carotid endarterectomy?

Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzokera kuzviitwa zvakareruka mukati mevhiki uye kutangazve zviitwa zvakajairika mukati mevhiki 2-4. Kupora kwakakwana kwekucheka kunowanzo tora mavhiki 4-6.

Unofanira kudzivisa kusimudza zvinhu zvinorema (zvinodarika mapaundi gumi) kwemavhiki anenge 2 uye haufaniri kutyaira kusvikira chiremba wako akubvumira, kazhinji mukati mevhiki. Vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa vachidzokera kumatanho avo enguva dzose esimba mukati memwedzi mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Mubvunzo 4. Chirwere checarotid artery chinogona kudzoka here mushure mekuvhiyiwa?

Chirwere checarotid artery chinogona kudzoka, asi hazviwanzowanikwi mumakore mashoma ekutanga mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Vanhu vanenge 10-20% vanogona kuita imwe degree yekumanikana zvakare pamusoro pemakore 10-15.

Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei shanduko dzemararamiro nemishonga yekudzora njodzi dzakaita sekuwedzera kweropa uye cholesterol zvakakosha mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Kutevera nguva dzose ne ultrasound tests kunobatsira kubata chero matambudziko ekutanga.

Mubvunzo 5. Pane dzimwe nzira dzakasiyana dzekuvhiya carotid endarterectomy here?

Hongu, carotid artery stenting inzira imwe inoshandiswa apo chubhu diki remesh rinowanikwa mukati meartery kuti riichengete yakavhurika. Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nekubaya kudiki mugroin yako panzvimbo pekuvhiyiwa mumutsipa.

Chiremba wako anosarudza pakati pekuvhiyiwa uye stenting zvichienderana nezera rako, hutano hwese, anatomy, uye zvinhu zvakakosha zvenjodzi. Maitiro ese ari maviri anoshanda, asi kuvhiyiwa kunowanzo kufarirwa kune vanhu vazhinji, kunyanya avo vari pasi pemakore makumi manomwe nemashanu.