Chii chinonzi Cholecystectomy? Chinangwa, Maitiro & Kupora

Cholecystectomy ndiko kubviswa kwechiremba kwegallbladder yako, nhengo diki inochengeta bile kubatsira kugaya mafuta. Maitiro aya ndeimwe yemavhiyo anowanzoitwa pasi rose, uye anowanzo kurairwa kana matombo e gallbladder kana mamwe matambudziko e gallbladder achikonzera kurwadziwa kukuru kana matambudziko.

Gallbladder yako haina kukosha kuti upone, zvinoreva kuti unogona kurarama hupenyu hune hutano, hwakajairika usina iyo. Vanhu vazhinji vanopora zvakanaka uye vanowana zororo kubva kuzviratidzo zvavo mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Cholecystectomy chii?

Cholecystectomy maitiro ekuvhiya uko vanachiremba vanobvisa gallbladder yako zvachose. Gallbladder yako inhengo diki, yakaita sepear iri pasi pechiropa chako inochengeta bile, mvura yekugaya inogadzirwa nechiropa chako.

Kune mhando mbiri huru dze cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy inoshandisa zvidiki zvidiki uye kamera diki, nepo yakavhurika cholecystectomy inoda kucheka kukuru pamusoro pemudumbu wako. Vanachiremba vazhinji vanosarudza nzira ye laparoscopic nekuti haina kupinda uye inotungamira kupora nekukurumidza.

Kana gallbladder yako yabviswa, bile inoyerera zvakananga kubva muchiropa chako kuenda mudumbu rako diki. Muviri wako unojairana neshanduko iyi zvakanaka, uye vanhu vazhinji havacherechedzi misiyano yakakosha mukugaya kwavo.

Sei cholecystectomy ichiitwa?

Cholecystectomy inowanzoitwa kurapa matombo e gallbladder anokonzera kurwadziwa, hutachiona, kana mamwe matambudziko. Matombo eGallstones akasimba e cholesterol kana bilirubin anoumba mukati me gallbladder yako uye anogona kuvharisa kuyerera kwe bile.

Chiremba wako anogona kuraira kuvhiyiwa uku kana iwe ukasangana nekurwisa kwakanyanya kwe gallbladder kunokanganisa hupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva. Kurwisa uku kazhinji kunokonzera kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu rako rekurudyi rinogona kutora maawa uye rinogona kuperekedzwa nekusvotwa, kurutsa, kana fivha.

Heano mamiriro makuru anogona kuda kubviswa kwegallbladder:

• Matombo e'nduru achikonzera kurwadziswa kunoramba kuchidzoka
• Cholecystitis (kuputika kwe'nduru)
• Choledocholithiasis (matombo e'nduru mumugero we'bile)
• Gallbladder polyps akakura kupfuura 1 sentimita
• Pancreatitis inokonzerwa nematombo e'nduru
• Kenza ye'nduru (isingawanzo asi yakakomba)
• Biliary dyskinesia (kusashanda zvakanaka kwe'nduru)

Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekukurumidza, cholecystectomy inogona kudiwa nekukurumidza kana ukaona matambudziko akadai se'nduru yakaboorwa kana hutachiona hwakakomba. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anoda kutariswa kwekurapa nekukurumidza kudzivirira matambudziko anotyisidzira hupenyu.

Ndeipi nzira ye cholecystectomy?

Nzira ye cholecystectomy inowanzo tora maminitsi makumi matatu kusvika kumaawa maviri, zvichienderana nekuoma kwenyaya yako uye nzira yekuvhiya chiremba wako anoshandisa. Vanhu vazhinji vanogamuchira general anesthesia, zvinoreva kuti iwe uchavata zvakakwana panguva yekuvhiya.

Panguva ye laparoscopic cholecystectomy, chiremba wako anogadzira zvidimbu zvidiki 3-4 mudumbu rako, chimwe nechimwe chine hafu inch kureba. Vanopinza laparoscope (tubhu yakatetepa ine kamera) uye maturusi ekuvhiya akakosha kuburikidza nemavhura madiki aya kuti abvise zvakanyatso 'nduru yako.

Hezvino zvinoitika panguva ye laparoscopic procedure:

1. Dumbu rako rinowedzerwa negasi re carbon dioxide kuti rigadzire nzvimbo yekuti chiremba ashande
2. Iyo laparoscope inoiswa kuti ipe maonero akajeka e'nduru yako
3. Chiremba wako anonyatso bvisa 'nduru kubva pachiropa uye bile ducts
4. Iyo 'nduru inoiswa mubhegi rekuvhiya uye inobviswa kuburikidza neimwe yezvidimbu zvidiki
5. Gasi rinobviswa uye zvidimbu zvinovharwa nemucheka kana glue yekuvhiya

Dzimwe nguva, chiremba wako anogona kuda kushandura kuita open cholecystectomy panguva yacho kana vakasangana nematambudziko kana tishu ine mavanga inoita kuti laparoscopic surgery isachengeteke. Izvi hazvisi kukundikana kwechirongwa asi chiyero chekuchenjerera chekuchengetedza kuchengeteka kwako.

Open cholecystectomy inosanganisira kucheka kukuru, kazhinji 4-6 inches kureba, pazasi pemabhururu ako. Iyi nzira inopa chiremba wako mukana wakananga kune gallbladder yako uye zvivakwa zvakakomberedza, izvo zvingave zvakakosha muzviitiko zvakaoma kana mamiriro ekukurumidzira.

Maitiro ekugadzirira cholecystectomy yako?

Kugadzirira cholecystectomy kunosanganisira matanho akati wandei kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kuvhiyiwa kwako kunofamba zvakanaka uye zvakachengeteka. Chiremba wako achapa mirairo chaiyo zvichienderana nemamiriro ako ehutano uye mhando yekuvhiyiwa kwakarongwa.

Unoda kumira kudya nekumwa kwemaawa angangoita 8 usati wavhiyiwa. Iyi nguva yekutsanya inobatsira kudzivirira matambudziko panguva yeanesthesia uye inoderedza njodzi yekukanda kana iwe ukarutsa panguva kana mushure mechirongwa.

Usati wavhiyiwa, unofanirwa kukurukura aya matanho akakosha ekugadzirira nechikwata chako chehutano:

• Mira kutora mishonga yekutapudza ropa sezvakarairwa nachiremba wako
• Ronga kuti mumwe munhu akutyairire kumba mushure mekuvhiyiwa
• Geza nesipo inorwisa mabhakitiriya husiku hwakambovhiyiwa kana mangwanani ekuvhiyiwa
• Bvisa zvishongo zvese, polish yezvipikiri, uye makeup
• Pfeka mbatya dzakanaka, dzakasununguka
• Uya nerondedzero yemishonga yako yese uye zvinowedzera

Chiremba wako anogona kuraira bvunzo dzisati dzavhiyiwa dzakadai sebasa reropa, electrocardiogram, kana chest X-rays kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti une hutano hwakakwana hwekuvhiyiwa. Izvi bvunzo zvinobatsira kuziva chero matambudziko angangogona kuitika asati aitika.

Kana uri kutora mishonga yezvirwere zvisingaperi zvakaita sechirwere cheshuga kana ropa rakakwira, chiremba wako achakupa mirairo yakatarwa pamusoro pemishonga yekutora kana kusavatora pazuva rekuvhiyiwa. Usambomira kutora mishonga yakanyorwa usati wambotaura nemupi wehutano wako.

Nzira yekuverenga kupora kwako kubva kucholecystectomy?

Kupora kubva kucholecystectomy kunosiyana pakati pevanhu, asi vanhu vazhinji vanogona kutarisira kudzokera kumabasa avo enguva dzose mukati mevhiki 1-2 mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe laparoscopic. Kuvhiyiwa kwakavhurika kunowanzoita mavhiki 4-6 kuti kupore zvizere.

Mumazuva mashoma ekutanga mushure mekuvhiyiwa, unogona kunzwa kusagadzikana panzvimbo dzekuchekwa uye pamwe kurwadziwa kwemajoini kubva kugasi rinoshandiswa panguva yekuvhiyiwa kwe laparoscopic. Kurwadziwa kwemajoini uku ndekwechinguvana uye kazhinji kunopera mukati me24-48 maawa.

Heano matanho ekupora aunogona kutarisira:

• Maawa ekutanga makumi maviri nemana: Zororo, manejimendi ekurwadziwa, uye kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma zvemvura yakajeka
• Mazuva 2-3: Kuwedzera chiitiko, kudzokera kuzvokudya zvakasimba, kuburitswa kubva kuchipatara
• Vhiki 1: Kudzokera zvishoma nezvishoma kumabasa akareruka, kutarisirwa kwekuchekwa, kugadzwa kwekutevera
• Mavhiki 2-4: Kudzokera kubasa uye mabasa enguva dzose, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nebasa rako
• Mavhiki 4-6: Kupora zvizere kune vanhu vazhinji, kubvumidzwa kusimudza zvinhu zvinorema uye kurovedza muviri

Chiremba wako achapa mirairo yakatarwa pamusoro pekuchengetwa kwemavanga, zvirambidzo zvebasa, uye zviratidzo zvekuyambira zvekutarisa. Zvakakosha kutevera matanho aya zvakanyatso kudzivirira matambudziko uye kuona kupora kwakakodzera.

Vanhu vazhinji vanoona kuvandudzwa kukuru muzviratidzo zvavo zvine chekuita negallbladder nekukasira mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vanonzwa shanduko dzenguva pfupi dzekugaya sezvo muviri wavo uchigadzirisa kuhupenyu pasina gallbladder.

Nzira yekugadzirisa hupenyu mushure me cholecystectomy?

Upenyu mushure me cholecystectomy kazhinji hunofadza zvikuru, nevakawanda vachiwana zororo rakakwana kubva kuzviratidzo zvavo zve gallbladder. Chiropa chako chicharamba chichigadzira bile, iyo inoyerera zvakananga mudumbu rako diki kuti ibatsire kugaya mafuta.

Ungangocherechedza shanduko mukuita kwako kugaya, kunyanya nezvokudya zvine mafuta, mumavhiki mashoma ekutanga mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Shanduko idzi dzinowanzoitika kwenguva pfupi sezvo muviri wako uchiziva nzira itsva iyo bile inotumirwa kumagumbeze ako.

Heano mamwe maitiro ekudya anogona kubatsira panguva yekupora kwako:

• Tanga nezvokudya zvidiki, zvinowanzoitika pane zvakakura
• Zvishoma nezvishoma dzosa zvokudya zvine mafuta kuti uone kuti muviri wako unozvigamuchira sei
• Wedzera fiber zvishoma nezvishoma kudzivirira kusagadzikana kwekugaya
• Gara wakanyatsogadzirwa mvura zuva rese
• Dzivisa zvokudya zvine spicy kana mafuta zvakanyanya pakutanga
• Funga kuchengeta diary yezvokudya kuti uzive chero zvokudya zvinokonzeresa

Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzokera kune zvavo zvakajairika mukati memavhiki mashoma kusvika kumwedzi mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vanowana kuti vanofanira kugara vachidzora zvokudya zvine mafuta kana mafuta zvakanyanya kudzivirira kusagadzikana kwekugaya.

Kurovedza muviri nguva dzose uye kuchengeta uremu hune hutano kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza kugaya kwako uye hutano hwese mushure mekubviswa kwe gallbladder. Chiremba wako anogona kupa mazano akagadzirirwa zvinoenderana nekufambira mberi kwako.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine njodzi zvekuda cholecystectomy?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wako wekuvandudza matambudziko e gallbladder anogona kuda kubviswa kwekuvhiya. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu zvine njodzi kunogona kukubatsira kuita zvisarudzo zvine ruzivo nezvehutano hwako nemararamiro.

Zera uye bonde zvinotamba mabasa akakosha munjodzi yechirwere che gallbladder. Vakadzi vanowanzoita matombo e gallbladder kupfuura varume, kunyanya panguva yavo yekubereka nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehomoni. Njodzi inowedzera nezera revanhu vese vari vaviri.

Heano zvinhu zvine njodzi zvechirwere che gallbladder:

• Kuva mukadzi, kunyanya panguva yekuzvitakura kana kutora mishonga yehomoni
• Zera rekupfuura makore makumi mana
• Kufutisa kana kurasikirwa uremu nekukurumidza
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere chegallbladder
• Mamwe madzinza (Native American, Hispanic)
• Chirwere cheshuga uye metabolic syndrome
• Mazinga epamusoro e cholesterol
• Mararamiro ekugara
• Mishonga yakati wandei (mapiritsi ekudzivirira pamuviri, hormone replacement therapy)

Zvimwe zvisingawanzoitika zvinosanganisira inflammatory bowel disease, cirrhosis yechiropa, uye mamwe mamiriro ejeneti. Vanhu vakavhiyiwa gastric bypass kana vanotevera kudya kwemacalorie mashoma vanogonawo kuva panjodzi yakawedzerwa.

Kunyange iwe usingakwanise kuchinja zvinhu zvakaita sezera, bonde, kana nhoroondo yemhuri, unogona kuchinja zvinhu zvehupenyu zvakadai sekuchengetedza uremu hune hutano, kudya chikafu chakaringana, uye kuramba uchishingaira mumuviri. Shanduko idzi dzinogona kubatsira kuderedza njodzi yako yekuvandudza matambudziko e gallbladder.

Ndezvipi zvinogona kuitika zvecholecystectomy?

Cholecystectomy kazhinji inzira yakachengeteka ine mitengo yakaderera yematambudziko, asi sekune chero kuvhiyiwa, inotakura njodzi. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinogona kuitika zvinogona kukubatsira kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo uye kuziva zviratidzo zvekuyambira panguva yekupora.

Matambudziko mazhinji haawanzoitiki uye anorapika kana akaitika. Matambudziko akakomba anoitika mune isingasviki 1% ye laparoscopic cholecystectomies uye zvishoma kazhinji nekushanda kwakavhurika.

Heano matambudziko anogona kuitika, akarongwa kubva kune akajairika kusvika kune asingawanzoitiki:

• Kubuda ropa panzvimbo yekuvhiya
• Kutapukirwa kwekucheka kana nhengo dzemukati
• Kuita kune anesthesia
• Mavhiri eropa mumakumbo kana mapapu
• Kukuvara kwenhengo dzepedyo (chiropa, matumbu)
• Kukuvara kwemuviri we bile kana kubuda kwe bile
• Matombo eGall akachengetwa mumuviri we bile
• Hernia panzvimbo yekuita
• Pneumonia kubva pakurara kwenguva refu pamubhedha

Kukuvara kwemutsipa webile ndechimwe chezvinetso zvakanyanya asi zvisingawanzoitiki, zvinoitika mune vanenge 0.3-0.5% yemapurojekiti e laparoscopic. Kana izvi zvikaitika, unogona kuda kuvhiyiwa kwakawedzerwa kugadzirisa kukuvara. Kukuvara kwemutsipa webile kunopora zvizere nekubata kwakakodzera.

Vamwe vanhu vanowana post-cholecystectomy syndrome, iyo inosanganisira zviratidzo zvakaita se kurwadziwa mudumbu, kuzvimba, kana manyoka anoramba aripo mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Mamiriro aya anowanzoita echinguvana uye anovandudzika nekuchinja kudya uye nguva.

Ndingatarisira riini chiremba mushure me cholecystectomy?

Unofanira kubata chiremba wako nekukasira kana ukaona chero zviratidzo zvematambudziko akakomba mushure me cholecystectomy yako. Kunyange zvazvo kupora kwakawanda kuchifamba zvakanaka, zvakakosha kuziva zviratidzo zveyambiro zvinoda kutarisirwa kwekurapa.

Zviratidzo zvakakomba zvinoda kutarisirwa kwekurapa nekukasira zvinosanganisira kurwadziwa mudumbu kwakanyanya kusingavandudziki nemishonga yekurwadziwa, zviratidzo zvehutachiona zvakaita sefivha kana kutonhora, kana chero zviratidzo zvinoita sezviri kuwedzera panzvimbo yekuvandudza.

Bata chiremba wako kana kutsvaga rubatsiro rwekukurumidzira kana ukaona:

• Fivha inodarika 101°F (38.3°C)
• Kurwadziwa mudumbu kwakanyanya kunowedzera nekufamba kwenguva
• Kurwadziwa mudumbu kwakanyanya kunowedzera nekufamba kwenguva
• Zviratidzo zvehutachiona panzvimbo dzekucheka (kutsvuka, kudziya, pus)
• Kusvava kweganda kana maziso (jaundice)
• Kurwadziwa muchipfuva kana kuoma kufema
• Kuzvimba kwemakumbo kana kurwadziwa zvingaratidza ropa
• Kukundikana kuita weti kana kuvharika kwakanyanya

Unofanirawo kubata chiremba wako nezviratidzo zvisingakurumidze asi zvinonetsa zvakaita semanyoka anoramba aripo, kurasikirwa uremu kusingatsananguriki, kana matambudziko ekugaya ayo asingavandudziki mushure memavhiki akati wandei. Nyaya idzi dzinogona kuda kugadziriswa kwekudya kana kuongororwa kwakawanda.

Kusangana nguva dzose kunokosha pakutarisa kupora kwako nekugadzirisa chero zvinetso. Chiremba wako anowanzoita nguva yekusangana mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwemavhiki 1-2 kuti atarise kucheka kwako nekupora kwese.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve cholecystectomy

Mubvunzo 1. Ko cholecystectomy yakanaka pakurapa matombo ebhiza?

Hongu, cholecystectomy ndiyo kurapa kunonyanya kushanda kwematombo ebhiza ane zviratidzo. Kana bhiza rako rabviswa, haugone kuita matombo ebhiza matsva nekuti hapana bhiza rekuaita.

Kuvhiyiwa uku kunopa mhinduro yechigarire kumatambudziko ane chekuita nematombo ebhiza, kusiyana nemamwe marapirwo anogona kungopa zororo renguva pfupi. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana kugadziriswa kwakakwana kwezviratidzo zvavo zvematombo ebhiza mushure mekupora.

Mubvunzo 2. Ko cholecystectomy inokonzera matambudziko ekugaya here?

Vamwe vanhu vanowana shanduko dzekugaya dzechinguvana mushure me cholecystectomy, asi izvi zvinowanzoita nani mukati memavhiki mashoma kusvika kumwedzi. Nyaya inowanzoitika ndiyo kuoma kunzwisisa huwandu hukuru hwezvokudya zvine mafuta.

Muviri wako unowanzoita zvakanaka kuhupenyu usina bhiza. Kunyange vamwe vanhu vachifanira kuita shanduko dzechigarire dzekudya, vazhinji vanogona kudzokera pakudya zvakajairika mushure menguva yekutanga yekupora.

Mubvunzo 3. Ndingararama zvakajairika ndisina bhiza?

Hongu, unogona kurarama hupenyu hwakajairika zvachose usina bhiza rako. Nhengo iyi haina kukosha pakurarama, uye chiropa chako chicharamba chichigadzira bile kuti ibatsire kunzwisisa mafuta.

Vanhu vazhinji vanodzoka kuzvinhu zvavo zvakajairika, kusanganisira basa, kurovedza muviri, uye mabasa emagariro, mukati memavhiki mashoma ekuvhiyiwa. Mhando yehupenyu inowanzoita nani zvakanyanya kana zviratidzo zvebhiza zvagadziriswa.

Mubvunzo 4. Kuvhiyiwa kwe cholecystectomy kunotora nguva yakareba sei?

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy inowanzo tora maminitsi makumi matatu kusvika awa rimwe, nepo kuvhiyiwa kwakavhurika kunowanzo tora 1-2 maawa. Nguva chaiyo inoenderana nekukomba kwenyaya yako uye kana paine matambudziko anomuka panguva yekuvhiyiwa.

Iwe zvakare uchapedza nguva mukamuri rekupora mushure mekuvhiyiwa, uye nguva yese muchipatara inowanzoita 4-6 maawa ekuvhiyiwa kwe laparoscopic kwemurwere wekunze kana 1-2 mazuva ekuvhiyiwa kwakavhurika.

Q.5 Ndezvipi zvekudya zvandinofanira kudzivisa mushure me cholecystectomy?

Pakutanga, unofanira kudzivisa zvekudya zvakanyanya mafuta, mafuta, kana zvinonhuwira apo muviri wako unogadzirisa kugaya pasina gallbladder. Zvekudya zvakaita sezvekudya zvakakangwa, nyama ine mafuta, uye madhizeti akapfuma zvinogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwekugaya.

Mushure menguva yekutanga yekupora, vanhu vazhinji vanogona zvishoma nezvishoma kuisa zvakare zvekudya izvi. Vamwe vanhu vanowana kuti vanofanira kugara vachidzora zvekudya zvakanyanya mafuta, asi izvi zvinosiyana kubva kumunhu nemunhu.