Chii chinonzi Colectomy? Chinangwa, Maitiro & Kupora

Colectomy inzira yekuvhiya apo chikamu kana zvese zvegumbo rako (ura hukuru) zvinobviswa. Kuvhiya uku kunobatsira kurapa mamiriro akasiyana-siyana anokanganisa ura hwako, kubva kuzvirwere zvinopisa kusvika kenza, zvichikupa mukana wekuvandudza hutano hwako uye hupenyu hwako.

Chii chinonzi colectomy?

Colectomy ndiyo kubviswa kwekuvhiya kwechikamu kana zvese zvegumbo rako, iro ndiro ura hukuru hunogadzirisa tsvina isati yabuda mumuviri wako. Funga nezvegumbo rako senzvimbo yekugadzirisa inobvisa mvura kubva mutsvina uye inogadzira chigaro.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze colectomy zvichienderana nekuti yakawanda sei yegumbo rako rinoda kubviswa. A partial colectomy inobvisa chikamu chine chirwere chete, nepo total colectomy inobvisa ura hwese. Chiremba wako achasarudza nzira inonyatsoenderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo.

Kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa uchishandisa kuvhiya kwechinyakare kana nzira diki dze laparoscopic. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichashanda newe kuti chizive kuti ndeipi nzira inopa mhedzisiro yakanakisa yemamiriro ako ezvinhu.

Nei colectomy ichiitwa?

Colectomy inoitwa kurapa mamiriro akakomba anokanganisa ura hwako asina kupindura kune dzimwe nzira dzekurapa. Chiremba wako anokurudzira kuvhiya uku kana iri nzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira hutano hwako uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwako.

Zvikonzero zvakajairika zve colectomy zvinosanganisira kenza yegumbo, iyo inoda kubviswa kwemaviri ane kenza kudzivirira kupararira kwayo. Zvirwere zvinopisa ura zvakaita sechirwere cheCrohn kana ulcerative colitis zvinogonawo kuda kurapwa kwekuvhiya kana mishonga isingakwanise kudzora zviratidzo zvakakomba.

Heano mamiriro makuru anogona kuda colectomy, kubva kune zvakajairika kusvika kune zvisingawanzoitiki zvikonzero:

• Kenza re colon kana mapolyps asati ave kenza asingakwanisi kubviswa panguva ye colonoscopy
• Chirwere chakakomba chinopisa ura (chirwere chaCrohn kana ulcerative colitis)
• Diverticulitis ine matambudziko senge perforation kana abscess
• Kuvharika kwakanyanya kwemudumbu kusingapinduri kune dzimwe nzira dzekurapa
• Kuvharika kwemudumbu kunokonzerwa nenyama ine mavanga kana zvimwe zvinovharisa
• Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), mamiriro emujini asingawanzoitiki
• Kubuda ropa kwakanyanya kubva mu colon kusingadzoreki
• Kukuvara kana kukuvara ku colon

Chiremba wako achanyatsoongorora mamiriro ako chaiwo uye ongorora dzimwe nzira dzese dzekurapa asati akurudzira kuvhiyiwa. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti colectomy ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekufambira mberi kwehutano hwako.

Ndeipi nzira ye colectomy?

Nzira ye colectomy inosanganisira kubvisa zvakanyatsonaka chikamu chakakanganiswa che colon yako uchichengetedza nyama yakawanda ine hutano sezvinobvira. Chikwata chako chekuvhiya chichashandisa kuvhiyiwa kwechinyakare kana nzira diki dze laparoscopic.

Kuvhiya kusati kwatanga, iwe uchagamuchira general anesthesia kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti unonyatsogadzirwa uye usina kurwadziwa. Chikwata cheanesthesia chichakutarisa zvakanyanya panguva yese yekuita kuti ugare wakachengeteka.

Hezvino zvinowanzoitika panguva yekuvhiya:

1. Chiremba wako anogadzira incision mudumbu rako (rakakura rekuvhiya kwakavhurika, diki re laparoscopic)
2. Chikamu chine chirwere che colon chinonyatso paradzaniswa kubva kunyama yakatenderedza
3. Midzi yeropa inopa chikamu ichocho inovharwa uye kuchekwa
4. Chikamu che colon chakakanganiswa chinobviswa
5. Magumo ane hutano ematumbo ako anobatanidzwa zvakare (anastomosis)
6. Chiremba wako anoongorora kupora kwakakodzera uye kushanda
7. Incision inovharwa nemachira kana staples

Maitiro ese anowanzo tora maawa maviri kusvika mana, zvichienderana nekuti nyaya yako yakaoma sei. Chiremba wako achachengeta mhuri yako ichiziviswa nezve kufambira mberi kwako panguva yekuvhiyiwa.

Mune dzimwe nguva, chiremba wako angangoda kugadzira colostomy yenguva pfupi kana yechigarire. Izvi zvinoreva kuunza chikamu chekoloni yako kumukana uri mumadziro ako emudumbu, zvichibvumira marara kuti aunganidze muhomwe yakakosha. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichakurukura mukana uyu newe pamberi kana uchishanda kune yako mamiriro.

Nzira yekugadzirira colectomy yako?

Kugadzirira colectomy kunosanganisira matanho akati wandei akakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kuvhiyiwa kwako kunofamba zvakanaka uye kupora kwako kunonyaradza sezvinobvira. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichakutungamira kuburikidza nedanho rega rega rekugadzirira.

Kugadzirira kwako kunowanzo kutanga svondo rimwe chete kuvhiyiwa kusati kwaitika. Unozofanira kumisa mishonga yakati wandei inogona kuwedzera njodzi yekubuda ropa, senge aspirin kana zvinoderedza ropa. Chiremba wako achakupa mirairo chaiyo yekuti mishonga ipi yekumisa uye rini.

Zuva rimwe chete kuvhiyiwa kusati kwaitika, unozofanira kuchenesa koloni yako zvachose. Maitiro aya, anonzi bowel preparation, anobatsira kuderedza njodzi yekutapukirwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa. Iwe unozonwa mhinduro yakakosha uye utevere chikafu chemvura yakajeka.

Heano matanho makuru ekugadzirira aunozofanira kutevera:

• Pedzisa bvunzo dzese dzisati dzaitwa (basa reropa, imaging, kuongororwa kwemoyo kana zvichidikanwa)
• Mira kudya chikafu chakasimba maawa makumi maviri nemana kuvhiyiwa kusati kwaitika
• Tora mhinduro yekugadzirira bowel yakarairwa sezvakarairwa
• Geza nesipo yakakosha yekurwisa mabhakitiriya husiku hwega hwega uye mangwanani ekuvhiyiwa
• Bvisa zvishongo zvese, makeup, uye polish yezvipikiri
• Gadzirira mumwe munhu kuti akuendesere kumba mushure mekuvhiyiwa
• Paka mbatya dzakanaka uye zvinhu zvako zvemunhu zvekugara muchipatara

Chikwata chako chehutano chichakupa mirairo yakadzama yakanyorerwa mamiriro ako chaiwo. Usazeze kufona kana uine mibvunzo pamusoro pekugadzirira.

Maitiro ekuverenga mhedzisiro yako ye colectomy?

Mushure me colectomy yako, chiremba wako achatsanangura kuti maitiro acho akafamba sei uye zvavakawana panguva yekuvhiya. Tishu yakabviswa ichatumirwa kulabhu ye pathology kuti iongororwe zvakadzama pasi pe microscope.

Mishumo ye pathology inopa ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro pemamiriro ako uye inobatsira kutungamira kurapwa kwako kwemunguva yemberi. Kana kenza yaivapo, mushumo uchatsanangura mhando, nhanho, uye kana yakapararira kumaguru emvura ari pedyo.

Mhedzisiro yako ye pathology inowanzo sanganisira ruzivo rwakati wandei rwakakosha. Mushumo uchatsanangura saizi nenzvimbo yezvipi zvipembenene, giredhi (kuti maseru anoita sei asinganzwisisike), uye kana miganhu yekuvhiya yakajeka yechirwere.

Kune mamiriro ekuzvimba senge chirwere cheCrohn, mushumo we pathology uchasimbisa kuongororwa uye kutsanangura huwandu hwezvimba. Ruzivo urwu runobatsira chiremba wako kuronga kurapwa kwako kuri kuenderera mberi uye kuongorora mamiriro ako.

Chiremba wako achaita nguva yekutevera kuti akurukure mhedzisiro yako zvakadzama. Vachatsanangura zvinorehwa nezvawanikwa kuhutano hwako uye matanho anouya anotevera murongwa wako wekutarisira.

Maitiro ekupora mushure me colectomy?

Kupora kubva ku colectomy inzira inononoka iyo inowanzo tora mavhiki akati wandei kusvika kumwedzi mishoma. Muviri wako unoda nguva yekupora kubva mukuvhiya uye kujairana nekuchinja muhurongwa hwako hwekugaya.

Kugara kwako muchipatara kunowanzo gara mazuva matatu kusvika manomwe, zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuvhiya kwawakaita. Munguva iyi, chikwata chako chekurapa chichatarisa kupora kwako, kutarisira kurwadziwa kwako, uye kukubatsira kutanga kudya zvakare zvishoma nezvishoma.

Mumazuva mashoma ekutanga mushure mekuvhiyiwa kunotarisa pakukufambisa zvakachengeteka uye kuona kuti hurongwa hwako hwekugaya chikafu hunotanga kushanda zvakare. Uchatanga nemvura yakajeka uye uchienda kune chikafu chakasimba sezvo muviri wako uchichigamuchira.

Hezvino zvaunofanira kutarisira panguva yekupora kwako:

• Mazuva 1-3: Zorora pamubhedha nekufamba zvishoma nezvishoma, mvura yakajeka chete
• Mazuva 4-7: Kuwedzera kufamba, kuunzwa kwechikafu chipfava, kuburitswa kumba kunogoneka
• Vhiki 2-4: Kudzokera zvishoma nezvishoma kuzviitiko zvakajairika, kudzivirira kusimudza zvinhu zvinorema
• Vhiki 4-6: Zviitiko zvakawanda zvakajairika zvakadzoserwa, kudya kwakazara kunowanzoitwa
• Vhiki 6-12: Kupora kwakakwana, kudzokera kuzviitiko zvese zvinosanganisira kurovedza muviri

Kupora kwako kunogona kukurumidza kana kunonoka zvichienderana nehutano hwako hwese, huwandu hwekuvhiyiwa kwako, uye kuti unotevedzera sei mirairo yako yekutarisira. Munhu wese anopora pamwero wavo, uye izvo zvakajairika zvachose.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine njodzi zvematambudziko ekuvhiyiwa kwecolectomy?

Nepo colectomy ichiwanzoita, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yematambudziko. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu zvine njodzi kunobatsira iwe nechikwata chako chekurapa kutora matanho ekuderedza matambudziko anogona kuitika.

Zera uye hutano hwese ndizvo zvinhu zvine njodzi zvakanyanya. Vanhu vakuru nevane mamiriro akawanda ehutano vanogona kutarisana nenjodzi dzakakwirira, asi izvi hazvireve kuti kuvhiyiwa hakuna kubatsira kwavari.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yematambudziko, kunyangwe vanhu vazhinji vachiita zvakanaka zvisinei nezvinhu izvi zvine njodzi:

• Zera repamusoro (anopfuura makore 70)
• Kufutisa, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti kuvhiyiwa kuve kwakaoma
• Chirwere cheshuga, chinogona kunonotsa kupora
• Chirwere chemoyo kana mapapu
• Kuvhiyiwa kwepamuviri kwakamboitwa kuchigadzira nyama ine mavanga
• Kutsvuta, izvo zvinokanganisa kupora kwemavanga uye kuwedzera njodzi yekutapukirwa
• Kushaya chikafu kana kurwara zvakanyanya pamberi pekuvhiyiwa
• Mamiriro ekuvhiyiwa nekukurumidza

Chikwata chako chekuvhiya chichaongorora zvakanaka njodzi dzako dzega uye chichatora matanho akakodzera. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokonzera njodzi zvinogona kuvandudzwa pamberi pekuvhiya, zvakadai sekuvandudza kudya kwako kana kubata chirwere cheshuga zviri nani.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika pakuita colectomy?

Sezvinongoita chero kuvhiya kukuru, colectomy inogona kuva nezvinetso, kunyange zvinetso zvakakomba hazviwanzowaniki. Chikwata chako chekuvhiya chinotora matanho mazhinji ekudzivirira zvinetso uye chinokutarisa zvakanyanya kuti chibate chero nyaya dzichangotanga.

Vanhu vazhinji vanopora kubva kucolectomy vasina matambudziko akakosha. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti zvinetso zvinogona kuitika kuitira kuti uzive zviratidzo uye utsvake rubatsiro kana zvichidiwa.

Heano zvinetso zvinogona kuitika, zvakanyorwa kubva kune zvakajairika kusvika kune zvisingawanzoitiki:

• Kutapukirwa kwenzvimbo yekuvhiya, iyo inowanzobatwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya
• Kubuda ropa kunogona kuda kuwedzerwa ropa kana kuvhiyiwa kwakawedzerwa
• Anastomotic leak, uko kubatana pakati pezvikamu zvematumbu hakupori zvakanaka
• Kuvharika kwematumbu kubva pakuumbwa kwenyama
• Mavhiri eropa mumakumbo kana mumapapu
• Pneumonia kubva pakuita zvishoma mushure mekuvhiya
• Kukuvara kwenhengo dzepedyo dzakadai sebhiza kana matumbu madiki
• Zvinetso zvakakomba zvinoda kuvhiyiwa nekukurumidza kana kurara muchipatara kwenguva yakareba

Chikwata chako chekurapa chichakurukura njodzi dzako dzega uye matanho avanotora kudzivirira zvinetso. Zvinetso zvakawanda zvinogona kubatwa zvakabudirira, kunyanya kana zvabatwa pakutanga.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini mushure mecolectomy?

Unofanira kubata chiremba wako nekukurumidza kana ukaona chero zviratidzo zvinonetsa mushure mecolectomy. Kuziva nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwematambudziko kunogona kudzivirira zvinetso zvakakomba.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoda kutariswa kwekurapa nekukurumidza, nepo zvimwe zvichifanira kukurukurwa nachiremba wako mukati mezuva rimwe kana maviri. Vimba nezvako - kana chimwe chinhu chisinganzwe zvakanaka, nguva dzose zviri nani kufona uye kubvunza.

Taura nachiremba wako nekukasira kana ukaona zviratidzo zvinotevera:

• Fivha inodarika 101°F (38.3°C)
• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu kuri kuwedzera
• Kurutsa kusingamire
• Kusava nekufamba kwematumbo kwemazuva anopfuura 3
• Zviratidzo zveutachiona pedyo nekuvhiyiwa kwako (kuwedzera kutsvuka, kudziya, pus)
• Kurwadziwa muchipfuwa kana kuoma kufema
• Kuzvimba kwemakumbo kana kurwadziwa kungaratidza ropa rakavharika
• Kukundikana kuchengeta mvura pasi

Unofanirawo kufonera chiremba wako nekuda kwezvimwe zvisina kukurumidza zvakadai sekurwadziwa kwemoyo kunoramba kuripo, shanduko mumaitiro ako ematumbo, kana mibvunzo pamusoro pekupora kwako. Chikwata chako chehutano chinoda kukubatsira kuti uve nekupora kwakatsetseka sezvinobvira.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa pamusoro pecolectomy

Q.1 Colectomy inoshanda here pakurapa gomarara remukoloni?

Hongu, colectomy inowanzoita kurapwa kunoshanda zvakanyanya gomarara remukoloni, kunyanya kana gomarara rawanikwa kare. Kuvhiyiwa kunobvisa tishu ine gomarara uye ma lymph nodes ari pedyo, izvo zvinogona kurapa gomarara kana kuvandudza zvakanyanya prognosis yako.

Kubudirira kwecolectomy yegomarara kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei, kusanganisira nhanho yegomarara kana rawanikwa. Gomarara remukoloni rematanho ekutanga rine mitengo yakanaka yekurapa nekushanda chete, nepo magomarara akanyanya angada mamwe marapirwo senge chemotherapy.

Q.2 Colectomy inokonzera shanduko dzechigarire kumaitiro ematumbo here?

Vanhu vazhinji vanowana shanduko mumaitiro avo ematumbo mushure mecolectomy, asi shanduko idzi dzinowanzoitika uye dzinovandudza nekufamba kwenguva. Mukoloni yako yasara inojairana kuti itsive chikamu chakabviswa.

Unogona kuva nekufamba kwematumbo kakawanda pakutanga, kunyanya kana chikamu chikuru chemukoloni yako chakabviswa. Nekufamba kwenguva uye kugadzirisa kudya, vanhu vazhinji vanogadzira pateni itsva yakajairika inoshanda zvakanaka kumaitiro avo ehupenyu.

Q.3 Ndingararama hupenyu hwakajairika mushure mecolectomy here?

Hongu, vanhu vazhinji vanodzokera kumabasa avo enguva dzose uye vanonakidzwa nehupenyu hwakanaka mushure mecolectomy. Kunyange iwe ungada kuita zvimwe zvekudya, iwe unogona kazhinji kudya chikafu chakawanda, kurovedza muviri, kushanda, uye kutora chikamu mumabasa aunofarira.

Nzira yekupora inotora nguva, asi vanhu vazhinji vanowana kuti zviratidzo zvavo zvinovandudzika zvakanyanya mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Chikwata chako chehutano chichakubatsira kugadzira nzira dzekugadzirisa chero matambudziko aripo.

Q.4 Ndichada bhegi re colostomy mushure me colectomy here?

Vanhu vazhinji vane colectomy havadi bhegi re colostomy renguva dzose. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, chiremba wako anogona kubatanidza zvikamu zvine hutano zvematumbu ako, zvichikubvumira kuti uve nekufamba kwematumbu kwakajairika.

Dzimwe nguva colostomy yenguva pfupi inodiwa kuti matumbu ako apore zvakanaka, asi izvi zvinogona kazhinji kudzoserwa mukuvhiyiwa kwechipiri. Chiremba wako achakurukura kana colostomy ingave yakakosha mumamiriro ako chaiwo.

Q.5 Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kupora zvizere kubva kucolectomy?

Kupora kwakakwana kubva kucolectomy kunowanzo tora mavhiki matanhatu kusvika gumi nemaviri, kunyangwe iwe uchizonzwa zviri nani zvishoma nezvishoma munguva iyi. Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzokera kubasa rekuhofisi mukati memavhiki maviri kusvika mana uye kutangazve mabasa ese akajairika nemavhiki matanhatu kusvika masere.

Nguva yako yekupora inoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita sehutano hwako hwese, chiyero chekuvhiyiwa kwako, uye kana iwe uchisangana nematambudziko. Kutevera mirairo yachiremba wako uye kuzvichengeta iwe pachako kuchabatsira kuona kupora kwakatsetseka kunogoneka.