Chii chinonzi Coronary Angioplasty uye Stents? Chinangwa, Maitiro & Mhedzisiro

Coronary angioplasty inzira isingapindi zvakanyanya inovhura tsinga dzemoyo dzakavharika kana dzakamanana vachishandisa bhururu diki. Munguva yacho, vanachiremba vanowanzoisa chubhu diki remesh rinonzi stent kuti richengetedze tsinga dzakavhurika kwenguva refu. Kurapa uku kunobatsira kudzorera kuyerera kweropa kumhasuru dzemoyo wako, kuchideredza kurwadziwa muchipfuva uye kuderedza njodzi yako yekurwisa kwemoyo.

Chii chinonzi coronary angioplasty?

Coronary angioplasty inzira inovhura tsinga dzemoyo dzakamanana pasina kuvhiyiwa kwakavhurika. Chiremba wako anoisa chubhu yakatetepa ine bhururu rakadzimwa pamucheto wayo kuburikidza netsinga yeropa muziso rako kana groin. Bhururu racho rinobva razvimba panzvimbo yekuvharika kuti riomesere mafuta akachengetwa pamadziro etsinga, zvichigadzira nzvimbo yakawanda yeropa kuyerera.

Izwi rekurapa reiyi nzira ndeye percutaneous coronary intervention, kana PCI muchidimbu. Funga nezvazvo sekuchenesa pombi yakavharika, kunze kwekuti

Mushure meizvozvo, chiremba wako wemwoyo achatarisa zvinhu zvakati wandei asati akurudzira angioplasty:

• Nzvimbo uye kuoma kwezvipingamupinyi zvako
• Kushanda kwemwoyo wako kwese uye hutano
• Kuti unopindura sei kumishonga
• Zviratidzo zvako uye hupenyu hwako hunovaraidza
• Kana uri kurwara nechirwere chemwoyo

Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekukurumidzira sematambudziko emwoyo, angioplasty inogona kuponesa hupenyu nekukurumidza kuvhurazve tsinga yakavharika zvachose. Kune mamiriro akagadzikana, inowanzofungwa kana mishonga uye shanduko yehupenyu isingapi rubatsiro rwakakwana kubva kuzviratidzo.

Ndeipi nzira ye coronary angioplasty?

Nzira ye angioplasty inowanzo tora maminitsi makumi matatu kusvika kumaawa maviri, zvichienderana nekuoma kwezvipingamupinyi zvako. Ucharamba wakamuka asi wakamwa mushonga panguva yacho, wakarara patafura yakakosha mukamuri re cardiac catheterization rakashongedzerwa michina yeX-ray.

Chikwata chako chekurapa chichatanga nekunyaradza nzvimbo yavanobaya catheter, kazhinji ruoko rwako kana chidya chemukati. Mushure mekuita kubaya kudiki, vachaisa chubhu yakatetepa, inochinjika inonzi catheter kuburikidza nemidzi yeropa yako kusvika kumoyo wako. Ruvara rwakakosha runoiswa kuburikidza ne catheter kuitira kuti tsinga dzako dzioneke zvakajeka pamifananidzo yeX-ray.

Ngatiparadzirei zvinoitika panguva yeangioplasty chaiyo:

1. Chiremba wako anotungamira catheter yebhaluni kunzvimbo yakavharika
2. Bhaluni rinovhuvhurwa kuti ritsikirire plaque pamadziro etsinga
3. Bhaluni rinodzurwa uye rinogona kuvhuvhurwa zvakare kana zvichidikanwa
4. Stent inowanzoiswa kuti tsinga irambe yakavhurika
5. Zvese zvishandiso zvinobviswa zvakanyatso chenjerera
6. Kumanikidzwa kunoshandiswa kuvhara nzvimbo yekuiswa

Panguva yekuzadza bhaluni, unogona kunzwa kumwe kuoma pachipfuva kana kusagadzikana kwemasekonzi mashoma. Izvi zvakajairika uye zvinoreva kuti maitiro acho ari kushanda kuvhura tsinga yako. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichatarisa rhythm yemoyo wako uye kudzvanywa kweropa panguva yese yekuita.

Maitiro ekugadzirira coronary angioplasty yako?

Kugadzirira angioplasty kazhinji kunotanga mazuva akati wandei pamberi pekuita kwako. Chiremba wako achatarisa mishonga yako uye anogona kukukumbira kuti umise kutora mamwe ma blood thinners kana mishonga yeshuga kwenguva pfupi. Iwe zvakare uchada kuronga kuti mumwe munhu akutyire kumba mushure meizvozvo, sezvo iwe usingazokwanisi kutyaira kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana.

Pazuva risati raitwa, iwe unowanzo kuda kumisa kudya nekumwa mushure mepakati pehusiku. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichakupa mirairo chaiyo pamusoro pemishonga yekutora nemvura shoma mangwanani ekuita kwako. Kana uine chirwere cheshuga, chiremba wako achapa gwara rakakosha pamusoro pekutarisira shuga yako yeropa.

Hezvino zvaunogona kutarisira pazuva re angioplasty yako:

• Svika kuchipatara maawa 1-2 usati wasvika nguva yako yakarongwa
• Chinjanisa kuva gown rechipatara uye bvisa zvishongo
• Sangana neanesthesiologist wako uye cardiologist
• Iva neIV line yakaiswa yemishonga nemvura
• Gamuchira mild sedation kukubatsira kuzorora

Chikwata chako chekurapa chichaveurawo uye kuchenesa nzvimbo yavanenge vachisaidza catheter. Usanetseka nezvekunzwa uchinetseka - izvi zvakajairika zvachose, uye vanamukoti vako vane ruzivo mukubatsira varwere kunzwa vakasununguka uye vachiziviswa panguva yese yekuita.

Maitiro ekuverenga mhedzisiro yako ye coronary angioplasty?

Mhedzisiro yako yeangioplasty inowanzo kuyerwa nekuti maitiro acho akavhura sei tsinga dzako dzakavharika. Vanachiremba vanovavarira kuti pave nekuderera kweanopfuura 20% mushure mekuvhiyiwa, izvo zvinoreva kuti tsinga yako inofanira kunge yakavhurika kanenge 80%. Chiremba wemoyo wako achakuratidza mifananidzo isati yaitwa nemashure ayo anoratidza zvakajeka kuvandudzwa kweropa.

Maitiro ekubudirira eangioplasty anowanzo kurudzira zvikuru. Maitiro mazhinji anowana kubudirira kwemaitiro nekukasira, zvinoreva kuti kuvharika kunovhurwa zvakabudirira uye kuyerera kweropa kunodzorwa. Chiremba wako achayerawo chimwe chinhu chinonzi TIMI kuyerera, icho chinopa giredhi rekuti ropa rinofamba sei kuburikidza netsinga yako pachiyero kubva pa0 kusvika pa3, uko 3 iri kuyerera kwakajairika.

Saka izvi zvinorevei kwauri? Heano zviratidzo zvakakosha zvikwata chiremba chako zvichatarisa:

• Kurerukirwa nekukurumidza kwekurwadziwa muchipfuva kana kumanikidzwa
• Kuvandudzwa kweropa kunooneka pamifananidzo yeX-ray
• Kurova kwemoyo kwakagadzikana panguva uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa
• Kumanikidzwa kweropa rakajairika uye mazinga eokisijeni
• Kubudirira kwekuisa stent kana imwe yakashandiswa

Chiremba wemoyo wako achakurukura mhedzisiro iyi newe nguva pfupi mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Vachatsanangura zvinoratidzwa nemifananidzo uye kuti kurapwa kunofanirwa kuvandudza sei zviratidzo zvako uye hutano hwemoyo hwenguva refu. Varwere vazhinji vanocherechedza zororo rezviratidzo mukati memazuva kusvika kumavhiki mushure meangioplasty yakabudirira.

Nzira yekuchengetedza hutano hwemoyo wako mushure meangioplasty?

Kuchengetedza hutano hwemoyo wako mushure meangioplasty kunoda kusanganiswa kwemishonga, shanduko yehupenyu, uye kutarisirwa nguva dzose. Chiremba wako achanyora mishonga inoderedza ropa kudzivirira ropa kuti risagadzire matumba akatenderedza stent yako, uye izvi zvakakosha pakuchengeteka kwako. Usambomira mishonga iyi usati wambotaura nachiremba wemoyo wako kutanga.

Kuchinja mararamiro kunoita basa rakaenzana mukubudirira kwako kwenguva refu. Mwoyo wako uchabatsirwa nekudya kwakazara michero, miriwo, zviyo zvakazara, uye mapuroteni akatetepa uchideredza mafuta akazara, sodium, uye chikafu chakagadzirwa. Kushingaira kwemuviri nguva dzose, sezvakatenderwa nachiremba wako, kunobatsira kusimbisa mwoyo wako uye kuvandudza kutenderera muviri wako wese.

Ngatiparadzire matanho akakosha ekupora zvakanaka uye hutano hwenguva refu:

1. Tora mishonga yese yakarairwa sezvakarairwa
2. Pinda misangano yese yekutevera nachiremba wako wemwoyo
3. Tevedza chirongwa chekudya chinobatsira mwoyo
4. Zvishoma nezvishoma wedzera kushingaira kwemuviri sezvinokurudzirwa
5. Siya kusvuta zvachose kana usati watoita
6. Gadzirisa kushushikana kuburikidza nemaitiro ekuzorora kana kuraira
7. Tarisa uye dzora BP, cholesterol, uye chirwere cheshuga

Chikwata chako chekurapa chichashanda newe kuti ugadzire chirongwa chakagadzirirwa mararamiro ako uye zvaunoda muhutano. Varwere vazhinji vanowana kuti zvirongwa zvekudzorerwa kwemoyo zvinopa rutsigiro rwakakura uye gwara panguva yekupora kwavo.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi yekuda coronary angioplasty?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi zvinowedzera mukana wako wekuvandudza coronary artery disease iyo inogona kuda angioplasty. Zvimwe zvezvinhu izvi zvaunogona kudzora kuburikidza nesarudzo dzemararamiro, nepo vamwe vachibatanidzwa nemajini kana mamiriro ekurapa aunozvarwa nawo. Kunzwisisa njodzi idzi kunokubatsira kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo nezvehutano hwemoyo wako.

Zvinokonzera njodzi zvinogona kuchinjwa ndizvo zvaunokwanisa kuchinja kana kuvandudza. High blood pressure, high cholesterol, chirwere cheshuga, kusvuta, kufutisa, uye mararamiro ekugara zvose zvinobatsira pakuwanda kwepaque mumitsipa yako. Kushushikana kusingaperi uye tsika dzakaipa dzekurara dzinogonawo kukanganisa hutano hwemoyo wako nekufamba kwenguva.

Heano zvinhu zvakanyanya kukosha zvinokonzera njodzi chiremba wako achafunga nezvazvo:

• Nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere chemoyo, kunyanya isati yasvika makore 65
• Kuvhiringidzika kweropa (140/90 mmHg kana kupfuura)
• Mazinga epamusoro eLDL cholesterol (anopfuura 100 mg/dL)
• Chirwere cheshuga kana prediabetes
• Kusvuta parizvino kana kare
• Kufutisa, kunyanya kutenderedza chiuno
• Zera (varume vanopfuura 45, vakadzi vanopfuura 55)
• Chirwere cheitsvo chisingaperi
• Nhoroondo yezvimwe zvirwere zvevascular

Kuva nechinhu chimwe chete kana zvimwe zvinokonzera njodzi hakuvimbisi kuti uchada angioplasty, asi zvinowedzera mikana yako yekuvandudza chirwere checoronary artery. Mashoko akanaka ndewekuti kugadzirisa zvinokonzera njodzi zvinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yako uye zvinogona kudzivirira kudiwa kwemaitiro akaita seangioplasty.

Ndezvipi zvingaitika zvekukanganisa kwecoronary angioplasty?

Nepo coronary angioplasty ichiwanzo kuva yakachengeteka uye inoshanda, semaitiro chero api zvawo ekurapa, inotakura njodzi. Zvinetso zvakakomba hazviwanzowanikwi, zvichiitika mune isingasviki 2% yemaitiro, asi zvakakosha kunzwisisa zvingaitika. Chikwata chako chekurapa chinotora matanho akawanda kuderedza njodzi idzi.

Zvinetso zviduku zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira kubuda ropa kana kupwanya panzvimbo yekuiswa catheter, iyo inowanzo gadzirisa mukati memazuva mashoma. Vamwe varwere vanonzwa kusagadzikana kwenguva pfupi kana kurwadziwa kwakaiswa catheter. Kazhinji, varwere vanogona kuva ne allergic reaction kune contrast dye inoshandiswa panguva yekuita.

Heano zvinogona kuitika, zvichibva pazviduku kusvika kune zvakanyanya:

• Kubuda ropa kana hematoma panzvimbo yekuiswa
• Kupwanya kana kurwadziwa kunogara mazuva akati wandei
• Allergic reaction kune contrast dye
• Matambudziko eitsvo kwenguva pfupi kubva kucontrast dye
• Kukuvadzwa kwetsinga kana kubvaruka panguva yekuita
• Maviri eropa achiumba kutenderedza stent
• Kurwisa kwemoyo panguva yekuita (kashoma kwazvo)
• Sitroko (kashoma kwazvo)
• Kudiwa kwekuvhiyiwa kwekukurumidzira (isina kudarika 1%)

Vashandi venyu vezvokurapa vanokutarisa zvakanyanya panguva uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuti vawane chero matambudziko ekutanga. Vazhinji varwere havawani matambudziko zvachose uye vanopora zvakanaka. Kana ukaona chero zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwako, usazeza kubata chiremba wako nekukurumidza.

Ndingatarisana riini nachiremba mushure me coronary angioplasty?

Unofanira kubata chiremba wako nekukurumidza kana ukaona kurwadziwa muchipfuva kunonzwa kufanana nezvawaiva nazvo angioplasty yako isati yaitwa. Kunyange zvishoma zvishoma kusagadzikana panzvimbo yekuisa zvakajairika, kurwadziwa kutsva kana kuwedzera muchipfuva kunogona kuratidza dambudziko ne stent yako kana kuvharika kutsva. Usamirire kuti uone kana zviratidzo zvichivandudza zvega.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvekuyambira zvinoda kutariswa kwekurapa nekukurumidza, kunyanya mukati memavhiki mashoma ekutanga mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwako. Izvi zvinosanganisira kufema kusina kujairika, dzungu, kufenda, kana kukurumidza kwemoyo. Matambudziko panzvimbo yekuisa, senge kubuda ropa kwakanyanya, kuwedzera kurwadziwa, kana zviratidzo zvehutachiona, zvinodawo kuongororwa nekukurumidza.

Bata chiremba wako nekukurumidza kana ukaona chero zviratidzo izvi:

• Kurwadziwa muchipfuva kana kudzvinyirirwa kunogara kwemaminitsi anopfuura mashoma
• Kufema kusina kujairika kutsva kana kuwedzera
• Dzungu, musoro, kana kufenda
• Kukurumidza kana kusina kujairika kwemoyo
• Nausea kana kurutsa nekusagadzikana muchipfuva
• Kurwadziwa kunopenya ku ruoko rwako, mutsipa, kana shaya
• Kubuda ropa kubva panzvimbo yekuisa
• Zviratidzo zvehutachiona senge fivha, kutsvuka, kana kudziya
• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kana kuzvimba panzvimbo yecatheter

Kuti uwane kutevera kwenguva dzose, cardiologist yako inowanzo kuona iwe mukati memavhiki maviri mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwako. Kugadzwa uku kwakakosha pakuongorora kupora kwako uye kugadzirisa mishonga kana zvichidikanwa. Kutarisa nguva dzose kunobatsira kuona kuti stent yako inoenderera mberi ichishanda nemazvo uye moyo wako unogara uine hutano kwenguva refu.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa pamusoro pe coronary angioplasty uye stents

Q.1 Ko coronary angioplasty yakanaka pakudzivirira kurwisa kwemoyo here?

Hongu, coronary angioplasty inogona kubatsira zvikuru pakudzivirira kurwisa kwemoyo, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu akati wandei. Kana uri kurwara nekurwisa kwemoyo, emergency angioplasty inogona kuponesa upenyu nekukurumidza kuvhurazve tsinga yakavharika uye kuderedza kukuvadzwa kwemhasuru dzemoyo wako. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kurapwa uku kwechimbichimbi kunovandudza zvakanyanya huwandu hwekupona uye basa remoyo renguva refu.

Kune chirwere che coronary artery chakagadzikana, angioplasty inonyanya kubatsira kubvisa zviratidzo zvakaita sekurwadziwa muchipfuva uye kufema kwemhepo. Kunyange zvazvo ingaderedza njodzi yako yekurwisa kwemoyo munguva yemberi, kunyanya kana uine matambudziko akakomba, maitiro acho anoshanda zvakanaka kana akabatanidzwa nemishonga uye shanduko yehupenyu. Chiremba wako wemoyo achabatsira kuona kana angioplasty iri nzira yakarurama yekudzivirira mamiriro ako chaiwo.

Q.2 Kuva ne stent kunokonzera matambudziko enguva refu here?

Vanhu vazhinji vane stents vanorarama hupenyu hwakajairika, hune hutano pasina matambudziko enguva refu. Mazuva ano drug-eluting stents akagadzirirwa kubatanidzwa zvakachengeteka nemadziro etsinga yako uye kuderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yekuti tsinga idiki zvakare. Mishonga inokora stents idzi inobatsira kudzivirira tishu yemaronda kubva pakuumbwa yakatenderedza mudziyo.

Zvisinei, uchada kutora mishonga inoderedza ropa, kazhinji kwegore rimwe chete mushure mekuiswa kwe stent. Kazhinji, vamwe varwere vanogona kukudziridza in-stent restenosis, uko tsinga inodzokera zvakare mukati kana kutenderedza stent. Izvi zvinoitika muzvikamu zvisingasviki gumi muzana nemazuva ano stents uye zvinogona kurapwa zvakabudirira kana zvichiitika.

Q.3 Stents dzemoyo dzinogara kwenguva yakareba sei?

Mastenti e coronary akagadzirirwa kuti agare zvachose uye anowanzo gara hupenyu hwese kana akaiswa zvakanaka. Iyo stent inobatanidzwa mumadziro ako emutsipa wemuviri kwemwedzi yakati wandei, ichiva chikamu chisingaperi chemudziyo wako weropa. Kusiyana nemamwe maturusi ekurapa, mastenti haapere kana kuda kutsiviwa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akajairika.

Izvozvo zvataurwa, chirwere chemitsipa yeropa yemwoyo chinogona kuramba chichifambira mberi mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemidziyo yeropa yemwoyo wako. Nepo nzvimbo yakaiswa stent inowanzo gara yakavhurika, kuvharika kutsva kunogona kukura munzvimbo dzakasiyana nekufamba kwenguva. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei kuramba uchitora mishonga, kuchinja mararamiro, uye kutarisirwa nguva dzose kuchiramba kuchikosha muhupenyu hwako hwese.

Mubvunzo 4: Ndingaita maekisesaizi zvakajairika mushure mekuiswa stent here?

Hongu, vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzokera kumaitiro ekuita maekisesaizi uye mabasa emuviri mushure mekupora kubva pakuisa stent. Muchokwadi, kuita maekisesaizi nguva dzose kunokurudzirwa zvakasimba sechikamu chemararamiro ako ane hutano hwemwoyo. Varwere vazhinji vanowana kuti vanogona kuita zvakanyanya mushure meangioplasty nekuti kuyerera kwavo kweropa kwakavandudzwa kunoderedza kurwadziwa muchipfuva uye kufema kwemhepo panguva yekushanda.

Chiremba wako achapa gwara rakatarwa rekuti ungatanga riini uye sei kuita maekisesaizi, kazhinji kutanga nemabasa akareruka mukati memazuva mashoma uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera simba kwemavhiki akati wandei. Varwere vazhinji vanobatsirwa kubva kumapurogiramu ekudzorerwa kwemwoyo, ayo anopa kudzidziswa kwemaekisesaizi akatarisirwa uye dzidzo nezvekurarama kwemwoyo-ane hutano munzvimbo yakachengeteka, inotarisirwa.

Mubvunzo 5: Ndingada kuita angioplasty zvakare mune ramangwana here?

Varwere vazhinji havadi kuita angioplasty zvakare munzvimbo imwechete yakaiswa stent. Mastenti emazuva ano anoburitsa mishonga akaderedza zvakanyanya kudiwa kwemaitiro ekudzokorora, aine mitengo yekubudirira ichiramba yakakwira makore mushure mekuiswa. Zvisinei, chirwere chemitsipa yeropa yemwoyo chinogona kufambira mberi nekufamba kwenguva, zvichida zvichida kurapwa kwekuvharika kutsva mumitsipa yakasiyana.

Njodzi yako yekuda nzira dzekurapa mune ramangwana zvinoenderana zvikuru nekuti unogona sei kudzora zvinhu zvinokukonzera njodzi mushure meangioplasty. Kutora mishonga sezvakarairwa, kuchengetedza mararamiro ane hutano hwemoyo, kudzora BP ne cholesterol, uye kudzivirira kusvuta zvinobatsira kudzivirira kuvharika kutsva kuti kusaumbike. Kutevera nguva dzose nachiremba wemoyo wako kunobatsira kubata chero matambudziko matsva nekukurumidza kana ari nyore kurapa.