Chii chinonzi Echocardiogram? Chinangwa, Maitiro & Mhedzisiro

Echocardiogram imuedzo wakachengeteka, usingarwadzi unovhura mafungu eruzha kuti agadzire mifananidzo inofamba yemoyo wako. Funga nezvayo se ultrasound yemoyo wako - tekinoroji imwechete iyo vanachiremba vanoshandisa kutarisa vana panguva yekuzvitakura. Muedzo uyu unobatsira chiremba wako kuona kuti moyo wako uri kupomba ropa zvakanaka sei uye kutarisa matambudziko echimiro nemakamuri emoyo wako, mavharuvhu, kana madziro.

Chii chinonzi echocardiogram?

Echocardiogram inoshandisa mafungu eruzha ane frequency yakakwirira anonzi ultrasound kugadzira mifananidzo yechokwadi yemoyo wako. Muedzo uyu unoratidza moyo wako uchirova uye uchipomba ropa, uchipa vanachiremba maonero akajeka echimiro nemabasa emoyo wako. Kusiyana neX-rays kana CT scans, echocardiograms haishandisi radiation, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakachengeteka zvachose kune vanhu vemazera ese.

Kune mhando dzakawanda dze echocardiograms, asi inonyanya kuzivikanwa i transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). Munguva yemuedzo uyu, nyanzvi inoisa mudziyo mudiki unonzi transducer pachipfuva chako. Iyo transducer inotumira mafungu eruzha kuburikidza nemadziro echipfuva chako kumoyo wako, uye ma echoes anobva adzoka anogadzira mifananidzo yakadzama pachiratidziro chemakomputa.

Nei echocardiogram ichiitwa?

Vanachiremba vanoraira echocardiograms kuti vaongorore matambudziko emoyo uye kutarisa hutano hwemoyo. Muedzo uyu unogona kuona nyaya dzine chekuita nekukwanisa kwemoyo wako kupomba, basa revharuvhu, uye chimiro chose. Iri rimwe rematurusi anokosha ayo vanachiremba vane mwoyo ekuongorora nekugadzirisa mamiriro emoyo.

Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira echocardiogram kana uri kusangana nezviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza matambudziko emoyo. Zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzoitika zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa muchipfuva kana kusagadzikana
• Kufema zvishoma panguva yezviitiko zvakajairika
• Kuneta kusinganzwisisike kana kusava nesimba
• Kuzvimba mumakumbo ako, zvitsitsinho, kana tsoka
• Kurova kwemoyo kusingaenderane kana palpitations
• Dizziness kana fainting spells

Kunze kwekuongorora zviratidzo, echocardiograms inobatsira vanachiremba kutarisa mamiriro emoyo aripo uye kutarisa kuti kurapwa kuri kushanda sei. Echocardiograms yenguva dzose inogona kutevera shanduko mukushanda kwemoyo wako nekufamba kwenguva.

Muedzo uyu unokoshawo pakuona matambudziko akasiyana-siyana emoyo, kubva kune akajairika kusvika kune asingawanzoitiki. Mamiriro akajairika anosanganisira matambudziko emavharuvhu emoyo, uko mavharuvhu haavhure kana kuvhara zvakanaka, uye kusimba kwemhasuru dzemoyo kunonzi cardiomyopathy. Mamiriro asingawanzoitiki asi akakomba ayo muedzo unogona kuziva anosanganisira congenital heart defects, ropa rinovhara mumoyo, uye bundu rinokanganisa mhasuru dzemoyo.

Ndeipi nzira ye echocardiogram?

Maitiro e echocardiogram akajairika akareruka uye anowanzo tora maminitsi makumi matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu. Iwe uchavata patafura yekuongorora, kazhinji padivi rako rekuruboshwe, apo nyanzvi yakadzidziswa inonzi sonographer inoita bvunzo. Kamuri rinowanzoita rima kuitira kuti nyanzvi igone kuona zviri nani mifananidzo pamutambo.

Munguva yebvunzo, sonographer achaisa zvidimbu zvidiki zve electrode pachipfuva chako kuti atarise rhythm yemoyo wako. Tevere, vachashandisa gel yakajeka pachipfuva chako - gel iyi inobatsira mafungu eruzha kufamba zviri nani pakati pe transducer neganda rako. Gel inogona kunzwa kutonhora pakutanga, asi haina njodzi uye inoshambidzwa nyore nyore.

Sonographer ipapo achafambisa transducer pamativi akasiyana echipfuva chako kuti atore mifananidzo kubva kumakona akasiyana. Unogona kunzwa kumanikidzwa zvinyoro-nyoro sezvavanodzvanya transducer pachipfuva chako, asi bvunzo haina kurwadza. Unogona kunzwa ruzha rwekuvhuvhuta panguva yebvunzo - izvi zvakajairika uye zvinomiririra ropa richiyerera nemoyo wako.

Nguva dzose, chiremba wako anogona kuraira rudzi rwakakosha rwe echocardiogram. A stress echocardiogram inobatanidza bvunzo yakajairika nekurovedza muviri kana mushonga kuti uone kuti moyo wako unopindura sei kumuviri. A transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) inoshandisa probe yakakosha inoiswa nemuromo wako ichienda mumuromo mako kuti uwane mifananidzo yakajeka yezvimiro zvakasiyana zve moyo.

Maitirwo ekugadzirira echocardiogram yako?

Kugadzirira echocardiogram yakajairika kuri nyore uye kunoda kushanda zvishoma kwauri. Unogona kudya nekunwa zvakajairika usati waita bvunzo, uye haufanirwe kurega kutora chero mishonga kunze kwekunge chiremba wako akakuudza zvakananga kuti uite. Izvi zvinoita kuti maitiro ekugadzirira ave nyore zvakanyanya kana achienzaniswa nemamwe ma bvunzo ekurapa.

Pazuva rekuedzwa kwako, pfeka mbatya dzakanaka, dzakasununguka dzaunogona kubvisa nyore nyore kubva muchiuno kumusoro. Unozofanira kubvisa mbatya kubva muchiuno kumusoro uye kupfeka nguo yechipatara inovhurika kumberi. Dzivisa kupfeka zvishongo, kunyanya zvuma, sezvo uchizofanira kuzvibvisa usati waita bvunzo.

Kana uri kuita stress echocardiogram, kugadzirira kwako kuchasiyana zvishoma. Chiremba wako anogona kukukumbira kuti udzivise caffeine kwemaawa akati wandei usati waita bvunzo uye kupfeka shangu dzakanaka dzakakodzera kufamba kana kumhanya. Unofanirwawo kudzivisa kudya chikafu chikuru mukati memaawa maviri ebvunzo.

Kune transesophageal echocardiogram, unozofanirwa kutsanya kwemaawa akati wandei usati waita maitiro. Chiremba wako achapa mirairo chaiyo yekuti ungamira rini kudya nekunwa. Unozodawo mumwe munhu kuti akutyire kumba mushure meizvozvo sezvo uchizogamuchira sedation.

Maitirwo ekuverenga echocardiogram yako?

Kuverenga echocardiogram kunoda kudzidziswa kwakakosha, asi kunzwisisa zviyero zvepakutanga kunogona kukubatsira kuve nekukurukurirana kwakawanda nechiremba wako. Mushumo uchabatanidza zviyero zvakawanda zvakakosha zvinoratidza zvakasiyana zvebasa remoyo wako uye chimiro.

Chimwe chezviyero zvakakosha zvikuru ndicho ejection fraction (EF), iyo inoratidza kuti moyo wako unobudisa ropa rakawanda sei nerimwe nerimwe. Ejection fraction yakajairika inowanzoita pakati pe55% ne70%. Kana ejection fraction yako iri pasi pe50%, zvinogona kuratidza kuti tsandanyama yemoyo wako haisi kuburitsa ropa zvakanaka sezvazvinofanira kuita.

Mushumo uyu uchasanganisirawo ruzivo pamusoro pehukuru hwemoyo wako uye ukobvu hwemadziro. Madziro emoyo akajairika haana kukora zvakanyanya kana kutetepa, uye makamuri emoyo anofanira kuva nehukuru hwakakodzera muviri wako. Madziro akakora anogona kuratidza high blood pressure kana mamwe mamiriro, nepo makamuri akakura angaratidza matambudziko akasiyana-siyana emoyo.

Basa revalve ndechimwe chinhu chakakosha che echocardiogram. Mushumo uyu uchatsanangura kuti valve yako imwe neimwe yemoyo wako ina inoshanda sei. Mazwi akaita se "regurgitation" anoreva kuti valve iri kubuda ropa, nepo "stenosis" ichireva kuti valve yakamanana. Matambudziko maduku evalve anowanzoitika uye kazhinji haadi kurapwa, asi matambudziko epakati nepakati anogona kuda kutarisa kana kupindira.

Chiremba wako achatarisawo kusagadzikana kwemadziro, izvo zvinogona kuratidza nzvimbo dzemoyo dzisingaite zvakajairika. Ruzivo urwu runobatsira kuziva kurwisa kwemoyo kwakapfuura kana nzvimbo dzeropa risina kunaka kumutsipa wemoyo.

Ndezvipi zvakajairika echocardiogram kukosha?

Echocardiogram yakajairika kukosha kunosiyana zvichienderana nezera rako, bonde, uye saizi yemuviri, asi kune mhando dzakajairika dzinoshandiswa nachiremba semirairo. Zvawanikwa zvako zvinofanirwa kugara zvichitsanangurwa nemupi wako wehutano, uyo anogona kufunga nezve mamiriro ako chaiwo uye nhoroondo yekurapa.

Nokuda kwe ejection fraction, iyo yakajairika renji inowanzoita 55% kusvika 70%. Kukosha pakati pe41% ne49% kunoonekwa sekuderera zvine mwero, nepo kukosha kuri pasi pe40% kunoratidza basa remoyo rakaderera zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vanogona kuva nekukosha kwakaderera zvishoma uye vachiri kuva nebasa remoyo rakajairika nokuda kwemamiriro avo chaiwo.

Saizi dzemakamuri emoyo anoyerwa mumakirogiramu uye anofananidzwa nemhando dzakajairika dzehukuru hwemuviri wako. Ventricle rekuruboshwe (kamuri huru yekupomba yemoyo wako) inowanzo yerwa 3.9 kusvika 5.3 cm muhupamhi panguva yekuzorora. Madziro ekamuri iri anofanira kuva 0.6 kusvika 1.1 cm gobvu.

Basa revalve rinowanzo tsanangurwa seyakajairika, kana nematanho akasiyana ekuvharika kana stenosis. Trace kana mild regurgitation yakajairika uye kazhinji haina kunetsa. Matambudziko evalve akati wandei kusvika akakomba anoda kutarisa pedyo uye pamwe kurapwa.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine njodzi zvemigumisiro isina kujairika ye echocardiogram?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wako wekuva nemigumisiro isina kujairika ye echocardiogram. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinogona kukubatsira kushanda nachiremba wako kuchengetedza hutano hwemoyo hwakanaka uye kubata matambudziko angangoitika kare.

Zera ndechimwe chezvinhu zvine njodzi zvakanyanya, sezvo basa remoyo rinongo shanduka nekufamba kwenguva. Sezvatikukura, madziro emoyo wedu anogona kuwedzera zvishoma, uye mavharuvhu edu anogona kukudziridza zvishoma. Izvi zvinoshanduka zvine chekuita nezera zvinowanzoita zvakajairika, asi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kufambira mberi kumatambudziko akakura.

Mamiriro ezvinhu ekurapa anokanganisa hurongwa hwako hwemwoyo anogona kutungamira kumigumisiro isina kujairika. Heano mamiriro akajairika anogona kukanganisa echocardiogram yako:

• High blood pressure, iyo inogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwemhasuru dzemoyo
• Diabetes, iyo inogona kukuvadza midzi yeropa uye mhasuru dzemoyo
• High cholesterol, iyo inotungamirira kune coronary artery disease
• Kare kurwisa kwemoyo kana chirwere chemoyo
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yematambudziko emoyo
• Obesity, iyo inoisa kushushikana kwakawanda pamoyo

Zvikonzero zvehupenyu zvinoitawo basa rakakosha muhutano hwemoyo. Kusvuta kunokuvadza midzi yeropa uye kunoderedza kuendeswa kweokisijeni kumhasuru dzemoyo wako. Kunwa doro zvakanyanya kunogona kuita kuti mhasuru dzemoyo dzive dzisina simba nekufamba kwenguva. Kushaya basa remuviri kunogona kutungamira mukusagadzikana kwemwoyo uye kuwedzera njodzi yechirwere chemoyo.

Mishonga mimwe inogonawo kukanganisa mhedzisiro ye echocardiogram. Mishonga yekemotheraphy, kunyanya, dzimwe nguva inogona kukonzera kukuvadzwa kwemhasuru yemoyo. Kana uri kurapwa kenza, chiremba wako anogona kuraira echocardiograms nguva dzose kuti atarise kushanda kwemoyo wako.

Ndezvipi zvingaitika kana mhedzisiro ye echocardiogram isina kujairika?

Mhedzisiro ye echocardiogram isina kujairika hairevi kuti une dambudziko rakakomba remoyo, asi zvinoratidza kuti kushanda kwemoyo wako kana chimiro chako chinosiyana kubva kune zvakajairika. Kukosha kwezvawanikwa izvi kunoenderana nekusajairika kwakajeka uye hutano hwako hwese.

Kana echocardiogram yako ikaratidza kuderedzwa kwe ejection fraction, izvi zvinogona kuratidza kutadza kwemoyo, uko moyo wako haupombi ropa sezvaunofanira. Kutadza kwemoyo kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekufema nekukurumidza, kuneta, uye kuzvimba mumakumbo ako kana dumbu. Nekurapa kwakakodzera, vanhu vazhinji vane kutadza kwemoyo vanogona kuchengetedza hupenyu hwakanaka.

Matambudziko e valve akawanikwa pa echocardiogram anogona kubva pakureruka kusvika pakuoma. Mild valve regurgitation kana stenosis kazhinji haikonzeri zviratidzo uye inogona kungoda kutarisa. Zvisinei, matambudziko akakomba e valve anogona kutungamirira kukutadza kwemoyo, kusagadzikana kwemoyo, kana sitiroko kana isina kurapwa. Mashoko akanaka ndechokuti matambudziko mazhinji e valve anogona kubudirira kurapwa nemishonga kana maitiro.

Kusajairika kwekufamba kwemadziro kunogona kuratidza kurwisa kwemoyo kwakapfuura kana kuenderera mberi kuderera kweropa kumativi emhasuru yemoyo wako. Zvawanikwa izvi zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekurwisa kwemoyo mune ramangwana kana kutadza kwemoyo. Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira mamwe bvunzo dzakaita se cardiac catheterization kuti unzwisise zviri nani kuyerera kweropa kumoyo wako.

Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, echocardiograms inogona kuona mamiriro akakomba sekuumbwa kweropa mumoyo, tumor, kana zvikanganiso zvemoyo kubva pakuzvarwa. Kuumbwa kweropa kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yekurohwa nechirwere, nepo tumor inogona kuda kurapwa kwakakosha. Zvikanganiso zvemoyo kubva pakuzvarwa muvanhu vakuru zvinogona kuda kuvhiyiwa kana kuramba vachiongororwa.

Ndingafanira kuona chiremba rini pamusoro pemigumisiro ye echocardiogram?

Unofanira kuronga musangano wekutevera nachiremba wako nekukurumidza mushure me echocardiogram yako kuti ukurukure migumisiro yacho. Kunyangwe migumisiro yacho yakajairika, zvakakosha kuiongorora nemupi wako wehutano kuti unzwisise zvinoreva hutano hwako hwese.

Kana echocardiogram yako ikaratidza migumisiro isina kujairika, chiremba wako achatsanangura zvinoreva zvawanikwa izvi uye achakurukura matanho anotevera. Usavhunduke kana ukanzwa mazwi akaita se "regurgitation" kana "kuderera kwe ejection fraction" - mazhinji emamiriro aya anogona kutariswa nekuchengetwa kwakakodzera uye shanduko dzemararamiro.

Bata chiremba wako nekukurumidza kana ukaona zviratidzo zvitsva kana kuwedzera uchimirira migumisiro yako kana mushure mekuigamuchira. Zviratidzo izvi zvinokurumidza zvinosanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya muchipfuva kana kumanikidzwa
• Kufema kwemhepo kamwe kamwe
• Kupererwa kana zviitiko zvekupedza simba
• Kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza kana kusina kujairika
• Kuzvimba kamwe kamwe mumakumbo ako, zvitsitsinho, kana dumbu

Chiremba wako anogona kukutumira kune cardiologist (nyanzvi yemoyo) kana migumisiro yako ikaratidza kusajairika kwakakosha. Kutumirwa uku hakureve kuti mamiriro ako haana tariro - cardiologists vane maturusi mazhinji uye kurapwa kuripo kubatsira kutarisira mamiriro emoyo zvinobudirira.

Kutevera nguva dzose kwakakosha kana uine chero mamiriro emoyo. Chiremba wako achagadzira chirongwa chekutarisa zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo. Vamwe vanhu vanoda echocardiograms yegore negore, nepo vamwe vangazoida kazhinji kuti vatevere shanduko mumabasa emoyo wavo.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve echocardiograms

Mubvunzo 1: Kuyedzwa kwe echocardiogram kwakanakira kuona zvirwere zvekurwisa kwemoyo here?

Echocardiogram inogona kuona zviratidzo zvekurwisa kwemoyo kwakamboitika nekuratidza nzvimbo dzemhasuru dzemoyo dzisingafambi zvakajairika. Zvisinei, haisi bvunzo yekutanga inoshandiswa kuongorora kurwisa kwemoyo kuri kushanda. Munguva yekurwisa kwemoyo kuri kushanda, vanachiremba vanowanzo shandisa EKGs uye bvunzo dzeropa kuti vaite kuongororwa nekukurumidza.

Kana wakamboita kurwisa kwemoyo munguva yakapfuura, echocardiogram inogona kuratidza kusajairika kwekufamba kwemadziro munzvimbo dzakakanganiswa. Zviwanikwa izvi zvinobatsira chiremba wako kunzwisisa kuti kurwisa kwemoyo kwakakanganisa sei basa remoyo wako uye kuronga kurapwa kwakakodzera.

Mubvunzo 2: Ejection fraction yakaderera zvinoreva nguva dzose kukundikana kwemoyo here?

Ejection fraction yakaderera hairevi otomatiki kuti une kukundikana kwemoyo, asi inoratidza kuti moyo wako hausi kupomba zvakanaka sezvakajairika. Vamwe vanhu vane ejection fraction yakaderedzwa vangave vasina chero zviratidzo, nepo vamwe vachigona kusangana nezviratidzo zvakajairika zvekukundikana kwemoyo.

Chiremba wako achafunga nezve ejection fraction yako pamwe chete nezviratidzo zvako, nhoroondo yako yekurapa, uye mamwe mhedzisiro yebvunzo kuti aone kana uine kukundikana kwemoyo. Kurapa kunogona kazhinji kuvandudza ese ari maviri ejection fraction yako uye zviratidzo zvako nekufamba kwenguva.

Mubvunzo 3: Echocardiogram inogona kuona tsinga dzakavharika here?

Echocardiogram yakajairika haigoni kuona zvakananga tsinga dzakavharika, asi inogona kuratidza mhedzisiro yetsinga dzakavharika pamhasuru dzemoyo wako. Kana tsinga yemoyo yakavharika zvakanyanya, nzvimbo yemhasuru yemoyo inopa ingangosafamba zvakajairika, izvo zvingaonekwe pa echocardiogram.

Kuti uone zvakananga tsinga dzakavharika, chiremba wako angada kuraira mamwe miedzo yakaita se cardiac catheterization, coronary CT angiogram, kana nuclear stress test. Dzimwe nguva stress echocardiogram inogona kubatsira kuziva nzvimbo dzekuyerera kweropa kwakashata.

Mubvunzo 4: Ndingafanira kuita echocardiogram kangani?

Kuwanda kwe echocardiograms kunoenderana nemamiriro ako ehutano. Kana uine basa remoyo rakajairika uye usina chirwere chemoyo, haudi echocardiograms dzenguva dzose kunze kwekunge wava nezviratidzo kana zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi.

Kana uine matambudziko emoyo anozivikanwa, chiremba wako angakurudzira echocardiograms yegore negore kana kunyange kuongorora kakawanda. Vanhu vane matambudziko emavharuvhu, kukundikana kwemoyo, kana avo vanogamuchira mishonga inogona kukanganisa moyo vangada echocardiograms mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega kusvika gumi nembiri.

Mubvunzo 5. Pane njodzi here kana mhedzisiro kubva ku echocardiograms?

Echocardiograms yakajairika yakachengeteka zvakanyanya isina njodzi kana mhedzisiro inozivikanwa. Mhepo ye ultrasound inoshandiswa yakafanana neiyo inoshandiswa kune ultrasounds yekuzvitakura, uye hapana kuratidzwa kwemwaranzi. Unogona kunzwa kusagadzikana kudiki kubva mukumanikidzwa kwe transducer, asi izvi zvenguva pfupi.

Gel inoshandiswa panguva yekuedzwa inobva mumvura uye inoshamba nyore nyore nesipo nemvura. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kusangana nekutsamwa kweganda kudiki kubva kumapatch e electrode, asi izvi hazviwanzoitiki uye zvinogadzirisa nekukurumidza mushure mekubviswa.