Chii chinonzi kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo? Chinangwa, Maitiro & Kupora

Kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo inzira yekurapa yekugadzirisa kana kutsiva mavharuvhu emoyo akakuvadzwa asiri kushanda nemazvo. Moyo wako une mavharuvhu mana anoita semagonhi e-nzira imwe chete, achiita kuti ropa riyerere munzira kwayo kuburikidza nemakamuri ako emoyo. Kana mavharuvhu aya akakuvara, akamanikana, kana kubuda ropa, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kudzorera kuyerera kweropa kwakajairika uye kubatsira moyo wako kushanda zvakanyanya.

Iyi nzira inogona kuchinja hupenyu hwevanhu vari kusangana nezviratidzo zvakaita sekufema, kurwadziwa muchipfuva, kana kuneta nekuda kwematambudziko emavharuvhu. Kunzwisisa zvakabatanidzwa kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kunetseka kwako uye kukugadzirira zvinouya.

Chii chinonzi kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo?

Kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo kunosanganisira kugadzirisa vharuvhu yako iripo kana kuitsiva neimwe itsva. Funga nezve mavharuvhu ako emoyo semagedhi anovhura nekuvhara nekurova kwega kwega kwemoyo, achidzora kuyerera kweropa pakati pemakamuri mana emoyo wako uye kumuviri wako.

Kana vharuvhu risingavhure zvizere (stenosis) kana risingavhare zvakakwana (regurgitation), moyo wako unofanirwa kushanda nesimba kuti upombe ropa nemazvo. Kuvhiyiwa kunogadzirisa matambudziko aya nekugadzirisa chimiro chevharuvhu kana kuisa vharuvhu yekutsiva.

Kune mhando mbiri huru dzekuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo: kugadzirisa nekutsiva. Kugadzirisa kunosanganisira kugadzirisa vharuvhu yako, nepo kutsiva kunoreva kubvisa vharuvhu yakakuvadzwa uye kuisa imwe itsva yakagadzirwa kubva munyama yebiological kana zvinhu zvemuchina.

Nei kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo kuchiitwa?

Kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo kunova kwakakosha kana mavharuvhu akakuvadzwa achikanganisa zvakanyanya kugona kwemoyo wako kupomba ropa nemazvo. Chiremba wako achakurudzira kuvhiyiwa kana mishonga yega yega isingakwanise kubata zviratidzo zvako kana kana bvunzo dzichiratidza kuti basa remoyo wako riri kudzikira.

Zvikonzero zvinowanzoitika zvekuvhiyiwa kwevhavha zvinosanganisira stenosis yakakomba yevhavha, uko kuvhurika kwevhavha kunova diki zvakanyanya, uye regurgitation yakakomba, uko vhavha inobuda uye inobvumira ropa kuyerera kumashure. Mamiriro ese ari maviri anomanikidza moyo wako kuti ushande zvakaoma kupfuura zvakajairika.

Ungangoda kuvhiyiwa kana uri kusangana nezviratidzo zvakaita sekufema zvakanyanya, kurwadziwa muchipfuva, dzungu, kana kuneta izvo zvinokanganisa mabasa ezuva nezuva. Dzimwe nguva kuvhiyiwa kunokurudzirwa kunyange zviratidzo zvisati zvaitika kana bvunzo dzichiratidza kuti moyo wako uri kutanga kupera simba kubva mudambudziko revhavha.

Sarudzo yekuvhiyiwa zvakare inoenderana nekuti ndeipi vhavha inokanganiswa. Matambudziko ane aortic kana mitral valves anowanzoita kuti kupindira kukurumidze kupfuura nyaya dzine tricuspid kana pulmonary valves, kunyangwe zvese zvinogona kuva zvakakomba kana zvisina kurapwa.

Ndeipi nzira yekuvhiyiwa kwevhavha yemoyo?

Kuvhiyiwa kwevhavha yemoyo kunowanzo sanganisira kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo wakavhurika kana nzira shoma shoma, zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo uye vhavha inoda kurapwa. Chikwata chako chekuvhiya chichasarudza nzira yakachengeteka uye inoshanda zvakanyanya kune yako chaiyo kesi.

Panguva yekuvhiyiwa kwemoyo wakavhurika, chiremba anovhiya anoita incision pasi pechivharo chako uye anomisa moyo wako kwenguva pfupi apo muchina wemoyo-mapapu unotora pamusoro pekuburitsa ropa mumuviri wako. Izvi zvinopa chiremba anovhiya nzvimbo yakajeka, yakamira yekugadzirisa kana kutsiva vhavha yako zvakanyatso.

Kugadzirisa vhavha, chiremba anovhiya angangogadzirisa mapepa evhavha, kubvisa tishu yakawandisa, kana kushandisa mhete kutsigira chimiro chevhavha. Kana kutsiva kuchidikanwa, vachabvisa vhavha yakakuvadzwa uye vachisunga muvhavha itsva yebiological kana mechanical inoenderana neanatomy yako.

Nzira dzinoda kupindira zvishoma dzinoshandisa nzira diki uye zviridzwa zvakakosha, kazhinji vachibatsirwa nemarobhoti. Nzira idzi dzinogona kuderedza nguva yekupora uye mavanga, kunyangwe dzisina kukodzera munhu wese. Chiremba wako achakurukura kuti ndeipi nzira yakanakira dambudziko rako revalvu uye hutano hwako hwese.

Maitiro ese anowanzo tora maawa maviri kusvika ku4, zvichienderana nekuoma kwenyaya yako uye kana mavharuvhu akawanda achida kutariswa. Munguva yekuvhiya, chikwata chako chekurapa chinotarisa zviratidzo zvako zvakakosha uye chinovimbisa kuchengeteka kwako pamatanho ese.

Maitiro ekugadzirira kuvhiyiwa kwevalvu yemoyo yako?

Kugadzirira kuvhiyiwa kwevalvu yemoyo kunosanganisira matanho akati wandei akakosha anobatsira kuona mhedzisiro yakanaka. Chikwata chako chehutano chichakutungamira kuburikidza nechikamu chega chega chekugadzirira, kazhinji kutanga mavhiki akati wandei kuvhiyiwa kwako.

Chiremba wako anogona kukukumbira kuti umise mishonga yakati wandei inogona kuwedzera njodzi yekubuda ropa, senge aspirin kana zvinoderedza ropa, svondo rimwe chete kuvhiyiwa usati waitwa. Iwe unozofanirwawo kudzivisa kudya kana kunwa chero chinhu mushure mepakati peusiku husati waitwa maitiro ako.

Kuedzwa kwekutanga kuvhiyiwa kunowanzo sanganisira basa reropa, maX-ray echipfuva, uye dzimwe nguva mamwe bvunzo dzemoyo kuti ape chiremba wako mufananidzo wazvino wehutano hwako. Unogonawo kusangana neanesthesiologist kuti ukurukure manejimendi emarwadzo uye chero zvinokunetsa nezve anesthesia.

Kugadzirira kwemuviri kwakakoshawo. Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira maekisesaizi akareruka kuti uchengetedze simba rako, kudya chikafu chinovaka muviri kuti utsigire kupora, uye kuwana zororo rakakwana. Kana uchiputa, kusiya kunyangwe mavhiki mashoma usati waitwa kuvhiyiwa kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kupora kwako.

Kugadzirira kwemanzwiro kunokoshawo. Zvakajairika kunzwa uchinetseka nezve kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo. Funga nezvekutaura nechikwata chako chehutano nezve zvaunonetseka, kubatana nemapoka ekutsigira, kana kutaura nemupi wezano anonyanya kubatsira vanhu kuburikidza nemaitiro ekurapa.

Maitiro ekuverenga mhedzisiro yekuvhiyiwa kwemoyo wako?

Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwevhavha yemoyo, chikwata chako chekurapa chichatarisa kupora kwako kuburikidza nemiedzo yakasiyana-siyana uye kuyerwa kunoratidza kuti vhavha yako itsva kana yakagadziridzwa iri kushanda sei. Kunzwisisa mhedzisiro iyi kunogona kukubatsira kuti unzwe wakavimbika nezve kufambira mberi kwako.

Echocardiograms ndiyo chishandiso chikuru chekutarisa basa revhavha yako mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Mifananidzo iyi ye ultrasound inoratidza kuti vhavha yako inovhura uye inovhara sei, uye kana ropa richiyerera zvakanaka kuburikidza nemakamuri emoyo wako. Chiremba wako achafananidza mhedzisiro iyi nemiedzo yako isati yavhiyiwa.

Iwe zvakare uchava nemiedzo yeropa nguva dzose kuti utarise hutachiona, tarisa kugona kweropa rako kuita bundu (kunyanya kukosha kana uine vhavha yemuchina), uye uve nechokwadi chekuti nhengo dzako dziri kushanda zvakanaka. Chikwata chako chehutano chichatsanangura kuti chero bvunzo inoyera chii uye kuti mhedzisiro inorevei pakupora kwako.

Zviratidzo zvemuviri zvakakosha zvakaenzana zviratidzo zvekubudirira. Kuvandudzwa mumazinga ako esimba, kufema, uye kugona kuita mabasa ezuva nezuva kazhinji kunoratidza kuti kuvhiyiwa kwako vhavha kuri kushanda zvakanaka. Chiremba wako achabvunza nezve izvi zvachinja panguva yekutevera-kumusoro kusangana.

Nguva yekupora inosiyana, asi vanhu vazhinji vanoona kuvandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma muzviratidzo zvavo kwemavhiki akati wandei kusvika kumwedzi. Chikwata chako chehutano chichaisa zvinotarisirwa zvechokwadi uye kukubatsira kunzwisisa kuti kufambira mberi kunotaridzika sei kune mamiriro ako chaiwo.

Maitiro ekuchengetedza hutano hwemoyo mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwevhavha?

Kuchengetedza hutano hwemoyo wako mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwevhavha kunosanganisira kutevera mazano echiremba wako uye kuita sarudzo dzehupenyu hwemoyo-hutano. Matanho aya anobatsira kuona kuti mhedzisiro yako yekuvhiya inogara kwenguva refu sezvinobvira uye inotsigira hutano hwako hwese hwemoyo.

Kutora mishonga yakanyorwa zvakananga sezvakarairwa kwakakosha kuhutano hwako huri kuenderera mberi. Kana uine vharuvhu remuchina, uchada mishonga yekurerutsa ropa kweupenyu hwese kudzivirira magwamba. Mavharuvhu ebiological anogona kuda mishonga yakasiyana, uye chiremba wako achatsanangura zvaunoda mishonga.

Misa yekuongorora nguva dzose inobvumira timu yako yehutano kuti iongorore mashandiro evharuvhu yako uye kubata chero matambudziko angangovepo kare. Kushanya uku kunowanzo sanganisira bvunzo dzemuviri, echocardiograms, uye hurukuro pamusoro pekuti unonzwa sei uye kushanda muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva.

Sarudzo dzehupenyu hune hutano hwemoyo dzinotsigira kupora kwako uye hutano hwenguva refu. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudya chikafu chakaringana chine sodium shoma, kuramba uchishingaira sezvinokurudzirwa nachiremba wako, kubata kushushikana, uye kudzivisa kusvuta. Chikwata chako chehutano chinogona kupa gwara rakatarwa zvichienderana nezvaunoda.

Kudzivirira zvirwere kwakakosha zvakanyanya mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwevharuvhu. Uchada kutora maantibiotics usati waita mamwe maitiro emazino kana ekurapa kudzivirira vharuvhu remoyo wako kubva kuzvirwere zvebhakitiriya. Chiremba wako achapa runyorwa rwekuti dziviriro iyi inodiwa rini.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine njodzi zvematambudziko evharuvhu yemoyo?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wako wekuvandudza matambudziko evharuvhu yemoyo anogona kuzoda kuvhiyiwa. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu zvine njodzi kunogona kukubatsira iwe nachiremba wako kuti uongorore hutano hwemoyo wako zvakanyanya.

Zera ndechimwe chezvinhu zvine njodzi zvakanyanya, sezvo mavharuvhu emoyo achipfeka zvakasikwa nekufamba kwenguva. Vharuvhu yeaortic inonyanya kukanganiswa nekuchinja kwakabatana nezera, nekukalifiyedhi uye kuomarara zvichiwanzova mushure memakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu.

Mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu ekurapa anogona kukuvadza mavharuvhu emoyo nekufamba kwenguva. Izvi zvinosanganisira rheumatic heart disease kubva kune isina kurapwa strep throat, endocarditis (chirwere chevharuvhu yemoyo), high blood pressure, uye congenital heart defects iripo kubva pakuzvarwa.

Matambudziko emoyo akamboitika, kusanganisira kurwisa kwemoyo kana mamwe maoparesheni emoyo, anogona kukanganisa kushanda kwevhavha. Uye zvakare, dzimwe nzira dzekurapa, dzakadai se radiation therapy kumapfudzi, dzinogona kukuvadza mavhavha emoyo makore mushure mekurapa.

Nhoroondo yemhuri inotamba basa mune mamwe mamiriro evhavha, kunyanya bicuspid aortic valve disease uye mitral valve prolapse. Kana uine hama dzine matambudziko emavhavha emoyo, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuongororwa kwemoyo wako kakawanda.

Zviri nani kugadzirisa kana kutsiva mavhavha emoyo here?

Kugadzirisa vhavha kunowanzo kufarirwa pane kutsiva kana zvichibvira nekuti kunochengetedza nyama yako yechisikigo yevhavha uye kazhinji kunopa mhedzisiro iri nani kwenguva refu. Mavhavha akagadziriswa anowanzo gara kwenguva refu uye anochengetedza basa remoyo rakajairika zvichienzaniswa nemavhavha ekutsiva.

Zvisinei, kugadzirisa hakugoneki nguva dzose zvichienderana nekukura kwekukuvadzwa kwevhavha uye kuti ndeipi vhavha inokanganiswa. Mavhavha eMitral anowanzo gadziriswa zvakabudirira, nepo mavhavha e aortic akakuvadzwa zvakanyanya anowanzo kuda kutsiva nekuda kwechimiro chavo uye rudzi rwekukuvadzwa kwavanowanzoita.

Kana kutsiva kuchidikanwa, iwe uchasarudza pakati pemavhavha emuchina uye emuviri, imwe neimwe iine zvakanakira zvakasiyana. Mavhavha emuchina akasimba zvakanyanya uye anogona kugara hupenyu hwese, asi anoda mushonga wekuonda ropa hupenyu hwese kudzivirira magwamba.

Mavhavha emuviri, akagadzirwa kubva munyama yemhuka, haadi ma blood thinners enguva refu asi anogona kuda kutsiviwa mushure memakore gumi-20. Varwere vadiki vanowanzo sarudza mavhavha emuchina nekuda kwekugara kwavo, nepo varwere vakuru vachigona kufarira mavhavha emuviri kudzivirira mishonga yekuonda ropa.

Chiremba wako achakurukura kuti ndeipi sarudzo yakanakisa zvichienderana nezera rako, mararamiro, mamwe mamiriro ehutano, uye zvaunofarira. Sarudzo yacho yakanyanya kuita munhu mumwechete, uye zvakanakira mumwe munhu zvingasava zvakanaka kune mumwe.

Ndezvipi zvipingamupinyi zvinogona kuitika zvekuvhiyiwa kwemavhavha emoyo?

Nepo kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo kazhinji kuri kwakachengeteka uye kuchibudirira, sekumwe kuvhiyiwa kukuru, kune njodzi dzimwe dzichakurukurwa nechikwata chako chekurapa newe pamberi. Kunzwisisa mikana iyi kunokubatsira kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo uye kuziva zviratidzo zvekuyambira panguva yekupora.

Matambudziko akajairika anogona kusanganisira kubuda ropa, hutachiona, uye maitiro kune anesthesia. Chikwata chako chekuvhiya chinotora matanho mazhinji kuderedza njodzi idzi, kusanganisira kushandisa nzira dzisina mabhakitiriya, kutarisa zviratidzo zvako zvakakosha zvakanyanya, uye kuva nezvigadzirwa zveropa zviripo kana zvichidikanwa.

Matambudziko chaiwo emoyo, kunyangwe asinga wanzani, anogona kusanganisira rhythm isina kujairika yemoyo, magwamba eropa, kana sitiroko. Chikwata chako chekurapa chinotarisa matambudziko aya panguva uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa, uye kurapwa kunowanikwa kana akaitika.

Zvekufunga kwenguva refu zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwevharuvhu yako. Mavharuvhu emuchina anotakura njodzi yehupenyu hwese yemagwamba eropa, achida kutarisirwa kwemishonga. Mavharuvhu ebiological anogona kuparara zvishoma nezvishoma nekufamba kwenguva, zvichida achida kumwe kuvhiyiwa makore gare gare.

Vanhu vakawanda vanovhiyiwa mavharuvhu emoyo vanowana kuvandudzwa kukuru muzviratidzo zvavo uye mhando yehupenyu. Matambudziko akakomba haawanzoitiki, uye ruzivo rwechikwata chako chekuvhiya runobatsira kuderedza njodzi uchivandudza mabhenefiti.

Ndingafonera chiremba rini nezve nyaya dzemavharuvhu emoyo?

Unofanira kubata chiremba wako kana uine zviratidzo zvinogona kuratidza matambudziko emavharuvhu emoyo, kunyanya kana ari matsva, achiwedzera, kana kupindira mumabasa ako ezuva nezuva. Kuongororwa kwekutanga kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira matambudziko akakomba.

Zviratidzo zvakakosha zvekutarisa zvinosanganisira kufema kwekufema panguva yemabasa akajairika kana paunenge wakarara, kurwadziwa muchipfuva kana kusimba, dzungu kana kufenda, uye kuneta kusinga wanzani kunovandudzwa nekuzorora. Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuratidza kuti mavharuvhu ako emoyo haashande nemazvo.

Kana uine njodzi dzekurwara kwemavharuvhu, sekunge nhoroondo yemhuri yematambudziko emoyo, fivha yerheumatic yapfuura, kana mamwe mamiriro ekuzvarwa, kuongororwa nguva dzose nachiremba wako kwakakosha kunyangwe ukanzwa zvakanaka. Mamwe matambudziko emavharuvhu anogona kukura zvishoma nezvishoma pasina zviratidzo zvinooneka.

Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu, unofanirwa kubata timu yako yehutano nekukasira kana ukaona fivha, kuwedzera kurwadziwa muchipfuva, kufema kusinganzwisisike, kana zviratidzo zvehutachiona munzvimbo yako yekuvhiya. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza matambudziko anoda kutariswa nekukurumidza kwekurapa.

Usazeze kubata mupi wako wehutano uine mibvunzo kana zvinokunetsa. Vanovapo kuti vakubatsire kuchengetedza hutano hwemoyo wako uye vanogona kupa gwara rekuti zviratidzo zvinofanirwa kuongororwa kana kurapwa rini.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo

Q1: Kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo kwakanaka here kukundikana kwemoyo?

Kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kukundikana kwemoyo kana kukundikana kwacho kuchikonzerwa nematambudziko emavharuvhu. Kana moyo wako uchinetseka nekuti vharuvhu harishande nemazvo, kugadzirisa kana kutsiva vharuvhu iyoyo kazhinji kunobatsira moyo wako kupomba zvakanyanya uye kunoderedza zviratidzo zvekukundikana kwemoyo.

Zvisinei, kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu kunoshanda zvakanyanya kana kuchiitwa moyo usati wava nemakore. Kana tsandanyama dzemoyo wako dzakanga dzashaya simba kwenguva refu nekuda kwematambudziko emavharuvhu, kuvhiyiwa kungangobatsira, asi kuvandudzwa kungave zvishoma nezvishoma uye kusina kukwana.

Q2: Kuvhiyiwa kwemavharuvhu emoyo kunoda mushonga wehupenyu hwese here?

Kudiwa kwemushonga wehupenyu hwese kunoenderana nerudzi rwevharuvhu raunogamuchira. Kana iwe ukawana vharuvhu remuchina, iwe uchada kutora mushonga wekutapudza ropa kweupenyu hwako hwese kudzivirira ropa kuumbwa pavharuvhu.

Kana uchishandisa mavharuvhu ebiological, hauzodi mishonga inotetesa ropa kwenguva refu, asi unogona kuda mamwe mishonga yemoyo zvichienderana nemamiriro ako ese. Chiremba wako achatsanangura zvaunoda mishonga zvichienderana nerudzi rwevharuvhu yako uye hutano hwako.

Mubvunzo 3: Kutora nguva yakareba sei kupora kubva pakuvhiyiwa kwevharuvhu yemoyo?

Nguva yekupora inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuvhiyiwa uye hutano hwako hwese, asi vanhu vazhinji vanopedza vhiki rimwe muchipatara mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwemoyo. Kupora zvizere kunowanzo tora mavhiki 6-8, kunyangwe iwe unogona kunzwa kuvandudzwa muzviratidzo zvako nekukurumidza.

Nzira dzisina kukwana dzinowanzo kuve nenguva shoma yekupora, nevamwe vanhu vachidzokera kuzviitiko zvavo zvenguva dzose mukati memavhiki 2-4. Chikwata chako chehutano chichapa gwara rakatarwa rekupora kwako zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuvhiyiwa kwako uye kufambira mberi kwako kwekunaya.

Mubvunzo 4: Matambudziko evharuvhu yemoyo anogona kudzoka mushure mekuvhiyiwa here?

Matambudziko evharuvhu anogona kudzoka, asi izvi zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda zvinosanganisira rudzi rwekuvhiyiwa kwawakaita uye hutano hwako hwese. Mavharuvhu akagadziriswa dzimwe nguva anoda kumwe kuvhiyiwa makore gare gare, nepo mavharuvhu emuchina akasimba zvakanyanya uye haawanzo kukundikana.

Mavharuvhu ebiological anopfeka zvishoma nezvishoma nekufamba kwenguva uye anogona kuda kutsiviwa mushure memakore 10-20, kunyanya muvarwere vadiki. Kugara uchiongororwa kunobatsira chiremba wako kutarisa mashandiro evharuvhu yako uye kubata chero matambudziko nekukurumidza.

Mubvunzo 5: Ndezvipi zviitiko zvandinogona kuita mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwevharuvhu yemoyo?

Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzokera kuzviitiko zvavo zvenguva dzose mushure mekupora kubva pakuvhiyiwa kwevharuvhu yemoyo, kazhinji vaine simba rakavandudzwa uye zvishoma zvinovhiringidza kupfuura pamberi pekuvhiyiwa. Chiremba wako achapa gwara rakatarwa zvichienderana nekufambira mberi kwako kwekunaya uye rudzi rwevharuvhu.

Kazhinji, unogona kutangazve kutyaira, kushanda, uye kurovedza muviri zvishoma mushure memavhiki akati wandei, nekuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mabasa sezvaunopora. Dzimwe mitambo yekubatana kana mabasa ane njodzi huru yekukuvara angave akaganhurirwa, kunyanya kana uri kutora mishonga yekutapudza ropa.