Chii chinonzi Mastectomy? Chinangwa, Maitiro & Kupora

Mastectomy inzira yekuvhiya apo chikamu kana zvese zvinyama zvemazamu ako zvinobviswa. Kuvhiyiwa uku kunowanzoitwa kurapa kana kudzivirira gomarara remazamu, kunyangwe zvichigona kuitwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekurapa dzinokanganisa nyama yemazamu.

Sarudzo yekuvhiwa mastectomy inogona kunzwa ichikunda, asi kunzwisisa zvinobatanidzwa mune izvi zvinogona kukubatsira kuti unzwe wakagadzirira uye wakavimbika nezvekuchengetwa kwako. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichashanda newe pedyo kuti chizive nzira yakanakisa yezvinhu zvako chaizvo.

Chii chinonzi mastectomy?

Mastectomy ndiyo kubviswa kwekuvhiya kwenyama yemazamu kurapa kana kudzivirira gomarara. Maitiro acho anogona kubva pakubvisa tumor chete uye nyama yakatenderedza kusvika pakubvisa mazamu ese, zvichienderana nezvido zvako zvekurapa.

Kune akati wandei marudzi emastectomy maitiro. Lumpectomy inobvisa chete tumor uye huwandu hudiki hwenyama yakatenderedza. Mastectomy yechikamu inobvisa tumor pamwe chete nechikamu chikuru chenyama yemazamu. Mastectomy iri nyore kana yakazara inobvisa mazamu ese asi inosiya tsandanyama dzechipfuva dzisina kukanganiswa.

Mastectomy yakagadziridzwa radical inobvisa mazamu ese pamwe nemamwe ma lymph nodes pasi peboko. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, radical mastectomy inogona kudiwa, iyo inobvisa mazamu, tsandanyama dzechipfuva, uye lymph nodes. Chiremba wako achakurudzira rudzi runonyatsoita zvinhu zvako zvakakosha uchichengetedza nyama yakawanda ine hutano sezvinobvira.

Nei mastectomy ichiitwa?

Mastectomy inonyanya kuitwa kurapa gomarara remazamu kana kuderedza njodzi yekurigadzira. Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuvhiyiwa uku kana dzimwe nzira dzekurapa dzisina kukodzera kana kana uine njodzi huru yegomarara remazamu.

Chikonzero chikuru chekuvhiyiwa kwemastectomy ndechokubvisa tishu ine kenza isingagoni kurapwa zvakakwana nekuvhiyiwa kudiki. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana bundu rakakura zvichienzaniswa nehukuru hwezamu rako, kana paine mabundu akawanda, kana kenza yapararira kumatishu ari pedyo.

Vamwe vanhu vanosarudza mastectomy yekudzivirira kana vaine genetic mutations senge BRCA1 kana BRCA2 inowedzera njodzi yekenza zvakanyanya. Zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kuda mastectomy zvinosanganisira zvirwere zvakakomba zvisingapinduri kumishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kana kukura kukuru kusiri kwekenza kunokonzera zviratidzo zvakakosha.

Chikwata chako chekurapa chichanyatsoongorora mamiriro ako ega, chichifunga nezvezvinhu zvakaita sehunhu hwebundu, hutano hwako hwese, uye zvaunofarira iwe pachako paunenge uchikurudzira sarudzo dzekurapa.

Ndeipi nzira yekuvhiyiwa kwemastectomy?

Maitiro emastectomy anowanzo tora maawa maviri kusvika matatu uye anoitwa pasi peanesthesia yakajairika. Chiremba wako achaita incision pamusoro pezamu rako uye achinyatsobvisa huwandu hwe tishu yakarongwa.

Kuvhiyiwa kusati kwatanga, uchaonana nechikwata chako cheanesthesia nevashandi vekuvhiya. Vachadzokorora nhoroondo yako yekurapa uye kupindura chero mibvunzo yekupedzisira. Mutsetse weIV uchaiswa kuti upe mishonga nemvura panguva yekuvhiyiwa.

Panguva yekuvhiyiwa, chiremba wako anotevedzera nzira yakarongwa zvakanyatsoenderana nezvido zvako. Vachabvisa tishu yezamu yakatarwa vachichengetedza zvivakwa zvakakosha senge midzi yeropa nemitsipa kana zvichibvira. Kana lymph nodes ichifanira kubviswa, izvi zvinowanzoitwa kuburikidza neiyo incision imwechete kana imwe incision diki pasi pechibhakera chako.

Mushure mekubvisa tishu, chiremba wako achaisa machubhu ekudhonza kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwemvura uye kuvhara incision nemasutures kana surgical staples. Tishu yakabviswa inotumirwa kulaboratory kuti iongororwe zvakadzama, izvo zvinobatsira kutungamira chero zvimwe zvisarudzo zvekutanga.

Mungagadzirira sei mastectomy yenyu?

Kugadzirira mastectomy kunosanganisira kugadzirira kwemuviri nekwekunzwa. Chikwata chako chekurapa chichapa mirairo chaiyo, asi kugadzirira kwakajairika kunobatsira kuona ruzivo rwakanaka zvakanyanya.

Mumavhiki asati avhiwa, unogona kunge uine misangano yekuvhiya uye bvunzo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira basa reropa, zvidzidzo zvekuongorora, uye misangano nenhengo dzakasiyana dzechikwata chako chekutarisira. Uchapihwa mirairo yakadzama yekudya, kunwa, uye mishonga isati yavhiwa.

Kugadzirira kwemuviri kunosanganisira kuronga rubatsiro kumba kwemazuva mashoma ekutanga mushure mekuvhiwa. Unozoda rubatsiro nemabasa ezuva nezuva sekubika, kuchenesa, uye kusimudza chero chinhu chinorema kupfuura mapaundi mashoma. Kugadzirira nzvimbo yekupora yakasununguka ine mukana wekuwana zvinhu zvinodiwa kunogona kuita kuti kupora kwako kuve kwakanyanya kunaka.

Kugadzirira kwemanzwiro kwakakoshawo. Vanhu vazhinji vanozviwana zvichibatsira kutaura nevapi vemazano, mapoka ekutsigira, kana vamwe vakave neruzivo rwakafanana. Usazeze kubvunza chikwata chako chekurapa nezvezvinhu zvekutsigira manzwiro mukati meiyi nzira.

Kupora kubva ku mastectomy kunoshanda sei?

Kupora kubva ku mastectomy kunowanzo tora mavhiki akati wandei kusvika kumwedzi mishoma, zvichienderana nekukura kwekuvhiya kwako uye maitiro ako ekupora. Vanhu vazhinji vanotanga kunzwa zviri nani mukati memavhiki maviri ekutanga.

Pakarepo mushure mekuvhiwa, uchapedza nguva munzvimbo yekupora uko vashandi vezvokurapa vanotarisa zviratidzo zvako zvakakosha uye mazinga ekurwadziwa. Unogona kugara muchipatara kwemazuva rimwe kusvika matatu, zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuvhiya kwako uye manzwiro ako.

Muvhiki rekutanga uri kumba, zororo ndiro basa rako rekutanga. Uchaona machubhu ekudhonza anounganidza mvura kubva panzvimbo yekuvhiya, uye chikwata chako chekurapa chichakudzidzisa maitiro ekuchengeta izvi. Mishonga yekurwadziwa inobatsira kubata kusagadzikana, uye kufamba kwemaoko zvinyoro nyoro kunodzivirira kuoma.

Mumavhiki anotevera, zvishoma nezvishoma ucharamba uchiwedzera mazinga ako ekuita. Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzokera kubasa rekunyora mukati memavhiki maviri kana matatu, kunyangwe mabasa emuviri angangoda nguva yakawanda. Chiremba wako achakuzivisa paunenge wakachengeteka kuti utangezve mabasa ako enguva dzose sekutyaira, kurovedza muviri, uye kusimudza.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine njodzi zvekuda mastectomy?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wekuti ungada mastectomy. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu zvine njodzi kunobatsira iwe nechikwata chako chekurapa kuti uite sarudzo dzine ruzivo nezvekutarisa nekudzivirira.

Zvikonzero zvakasimba zvine njodzi ndezve genetic mutations, kunyanya BRCA1 uye BRCA2 genes, izvo zvinowedzera zvakanyanya njodzi yekenza yemazamu. Nhoroondo yemhuri yakasimba yekenza yemazamu kana ovarian cancer, kunyanya muhama dzepedyo dzakaongororwa pazera diki, inowedzerawo njodzi yako.

Kenza yemazamu yapfuura kana mamwe mamiriro emuzamu asiri ekenza anogona kuwedzera mukana wekuda kuvhiyiwa mune ramangwana. Zera ndechimwe chinhu, sezvo njodzi yekenza yemazamu inowanzo wedzera nekufamba kwenguva, kunyangwe ichigona kuitika pazera ripi zvaro.

Zvikonzero zvemararamiro zvinogona kukanganisa njodzi zvinosanganisira kuongororwa kwehomoni kuburikidza nekudzora kuberekwa kana hormone replacement therapy, kunwa doro, uye kufutisa. Zvisinei, kuva nezvinhu zvine njodzi hazvirevi kuti zvechokwadi uchawana kenza kana kuda kuvhiyiwa. Kuongororwa nguva dzose uye kutarisirwa kwekudzivirira zvinoramba zviri zvishandiso zvako zvakanakisa zvekutanga kuona uye kurapa.

Ndezvipi zvinogona kuitika zvemastectomy?

Kufanana nekumwe kuvhiyiwa, mastectomy inotakura njodzi, kunyangwe matambudziko akakomba asiri kazhinji. Chikwata chako chekuvhiya chinotora matanho mazhinji ekuderedza izvi njodzi uye chichakurukura zvakadzama newe pamberi.

Nyaya dzenguva pfupi dzakajairika dzinosanganisira kurwadziwa, kuzvimba, uye kupwanya munzvimbo yekuvhiya. Vamwe vanhu vanonzwa kupera simba kwenguva pfupi kana kunzwa tsinga muchipfuva, ruoko, kana bendekete sezvo tsinga dzichipora. Utachiona panzvimbo yekuita incision hunogona kuitika asi hunowanzo kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Zvisingawanzoitiki asi zvakanyanya kukomba zvingasanganisira kubuda ropa zvakanyanya, magwamba eropa, kana matambudziko ekupora kwemaronda. Kana ma lymph nodes abviswa, pane njodzi yekuvandudzwa kwe lymphedema, iyo inokonzera kuzvimba mumaoko kana ruoko nekuda kwekuvaka kwemvura.

Zvakanyanya kusina kuwanda zvinosanganisira kukuvadzwa kune zvimiro zviri pedyo zvakaita semidziyo yeropa kana tsinga, maitiro akakomba ekuita allergic kune anesthesia, kana matambudziko ane hukama nemamiriro ehutano aripo. Chikwata chako chekurapa chinokutarisa zvakanyanya kuti ubate uye ugadzirise chero nyaya nekukurumidza.

Ndingatarisana riini nachiremba nezve mastectomy?

Unofanira kubata chikwata chako chekurapa nekukasira kana ukaona zviratidzo zvehutachiona kana mamwe matambudziko akakomba mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Usazeze kubata nekuda kwechero zvinokunetsa panguva yekupora kwako.

Fonera chiremba wako nekukasira kana ukaona fivha, kuwedzera kutsvuka kana kudziya kutenderedza incision yako, kubuda kunova kwakakora, yero, kana kunhuhwirira, kana kana kurwadziwa kwako kuchingoerekana kwawedzera pasinei nemishonga. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza hutachiona kana mamwe matambudziko anoda kutariswa nekukurumidza.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinonetsa zvinosanganisira kuzvimba zvakanyanya mumaoko ako kana ruoko, kusvotwa kwakanyanya kana kurutsa kunokutadzisa kuchengeta mvura pasi, kurwadziwa muchipfuva kana kuoma kufema, kana zviratidzo zvemagwamba eropa sekuzvimba kwemakumbo kana kurwadziwa.

Kuti utarisirwe zvakajairika, chengeta zvese zvakagadzirirwa kusangana kunyangwe uchinzwa zvakanaka. Kushanya uku kunobvumira chikwata chako chekurapa kuti chitarise kupora kwako, kubvisa machubhu ekubuda mvura kana zvakakodzera, uye kukurukura chero mamwe marapirwo aunogona kuda.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve mastectomy

Q.1 Mastectomy ndiyo chete sarudzo yekurapa kenza yemazamu here?

Kwete, mastectomy haisi nguva dzose iyo chete sarudzo yekurapa kenza yemazamu. Vanhu vazhinji vane kenza yemazamu yematanho ekutanga vanogona kubudirira kurapwa ne lumpectomy (kubvisa bundu chete) vachiteverwa ne radiation therapy.

Nzira yakanakisa yekurapa inoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita sehukuru hwegomarara, kwairi, hukuru hwezamu rako, uye zvaunofarira. Chikwata chako cheoncology chichakurukura zvese zvingasarudzwa zvakakodzera newe, kusanganisira zvakanakira nezvakaipira nzira imwe neimwe yemamiriro ako chaiwo.

Mubvunzo 2. Ndingave nekuvakwazve zamu mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe mastectomy here?

Hongu, kuvakwazve zamu isarudzo kune vanhu vazhinji vane mastectomy. Kuvakwazve kunogona kuitwa panguva imwe chete ne mastectomy yako kana kunonoka kusvika gare gare, zvichienderana nehurongwa hwako hwekurapa nezvaunofarira.

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuvakwazve dziripo, kusanganisira implants kana kushandisa tishu kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri wako. Chiremba wako wekuvhiya wepurasitiki achakurukura kuti ndedzipi sarudzo dzingashanda zvakanyanya kwauri zvichibva pamuviri wako, chirongwa chekurapa, uye zvinangwa zvako pachako.

Mubvunzo 3. Ndingada nguva yakareba sei kubva kubasa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe mastectomy?

Vanhu vazhinji vanoda mavhiki maviri kusvika matanhatu kubva kubasa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe mastectomy, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nebasa ravo uye kufambira mberi kwekurapa. Mabasa edesiki anowanzoita kuti udzoke nekukurumidza kupfuura basa rinoda simba remuviri.

Chiremba wako wekuvhiya achapa gwara rakatarwa zvichibva pamhando yako yekuita uye kufambira mberi kwekupora. Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kushanda kubva kumba nguva pfupi vasati vadzokera kuhurongwa hwavo hwenguva dzose, izvo zvinogona kubatsira kurerutsa shanduko yekudzokera kumabasa akajairika.

Mubvunzo 4. Ndicharasikirwa nemanzwiro munzvimbo yechipfuva changu zvachose here?

Kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzisina manzwiro munzvimbo yechipfuva mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe mastectomy zvakajairika uye zvinotarisirwa. Kunyange zvazvo mamwe manzwiro angadzoka nekufamba kwenguva sezvo tsinga dzichipora, vanhu vazhinji vanowana shanduko yechigarire mumanzwiro munzvimbo yekuvhiya.

Kukura kweshanduko yemanzwiro kunosiyana kubva kumunhu nemunhu uye kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita semhando yekuvhiya uye maitiro ako ekupora. Chikwata chako chekurapa chinogona kupa nzira dzekukubatsira kuti ujairane neshanduko idzi.

Mubvunzo 5. Mastectomy inogona kudzivirira ese ramangwana gomarara rezamu here?

Mastectomy inoderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yekenza yemazamu asi haizvibvise zvachose. Kunyangwe mushure mekubvisa nyama yezamu yakawanda, zvishoma zvinogona kuramba, uye kenza inogona kukura mune iyi nyama yasara.

Kune vanhu vane genetic mutations senge BRCA1 kana BRCA2, mastectomy yekudzivirira inogona kuderedza njodzi yekenza yemazamu neanenge 90-95%. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuenderera mberi nekutevera nguva dzose kwekurapa uye kuongororwa kwemamwe marudzi ekenza sezvinokurudzirwa nechikwata chako chehutano.