Chii chinonzi Pacemaker? Chinangwa, Maitiro & Mhedzisiro

Pacemaker mudziyo mudiki, unofambiswa nebhatiri uyo unobatsira kudzora kurova kwemoyo wako kana sisitimu yemagetsi yemoyo wako isiri kushanda nemazvo. Fungidzira seimwe sisitimu inopinda kuti ichengetedze moyo wako uchirova nerwiyo rwakagadzikana, rwakagwinya. Mudziyo uyu unoshamisa wakabatsira mamiriyoni evanhu kurarama hupenyu hwakazara, hunoshingaira nekuchengetedza moyo yavo ichichengetedza kumhanya kwakakodzera.

Chii chinonzi pacemaker?

Pacemaker mudziyo wekurapa wakakura sefoni diki uye unoisa pasi peganda pedyo necollarbone yako. Iyo ine pulse generator (muviri mukuru) uye waya imwe kana akawanda akatetepa anonzi leads anobatanidzwa kumoyo wako. Mudziyo unogara uchitarisa rhythm yemoyo wako uye unotumira magetsi kana zvichidikanwa kuchengetedza kurova kwemoyo kwakajairika.

Pacemakers yemazuva ano akanyanya kuomarara uye anogona kuchinjika kune zvinodiwa nemuviri wako zuva rese. Vanogona kunzwa kana uri kushanda uye uchida kumhanya kwemoyo nekukurumidza, wobva wanonoka kana uchizorora. Mudziyo unoshanda chinyararire kumashure, zvichikubvumira kuti uite mabasa ako ezuva nezuva usingafungi nezvazvo.

Nei pacemaker ichiitwa?

Chiremba wako angakurudzira pacemaker kana moyo wako uchirova zvishoma nezvishoma, nekukurumidza, kana zvisina kujairika nekuda kwematambudziko nesistimu yemagetsi yemoyo wako. Chikonzero chakajairika i bradycardia, zvinoreva kuti moyo wako unorova zvishoma pane 60 beats paminiti. Izvi zvinogona kukusiya uchinzwa wakaneta, dzungu, kana kufema zvishoma nekuti muviri wako hausi kuwana ropa rakakwana rine okisijeni.

Mamiriro emoyo akati wandei anogona kubatsirwa ne pacemaker therapy, uye kunzwisisa izvi kunogona kukubatsira kuti unzwe wakavimbika nezvekurudziro. Heano mamiriro makuru apo pacemaker inova yakakosha:

• Chirwere chesick sinus - kana muchina wemoyo wako wemuzvarirwo (the sinus node) usingashande zvakanaka
• Heart block - kana zviratidzo zvemagetsi zvisingakwanise kufamba zvakajairika mumoyo mako
• Atrial fibrillation ine kumhanya kwemoyo kunononoka - kurova kwemoyo kusina kujairika kunova kunononoka
• Heart failure - mune dzimwe nguva, ma pacemakers akakosha anogona kubatsira kuronga kupomba kwemoyo wako
• Kupererwa (syncope) kunokonzerwa nekumhanya kwemoyo kunononoka

Kazhinji, ma pacemakers anoshandiswa kune mamwe mamiriro ejeneti anokanganisa rhythm yemoyo kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwemoyo kungave kwakakanganisa sisitimu yemagetsi yemoyo. Chiremba wako wemoyo achanyatsoongorora mamiriro ako chaiwo kuti aone kana pacemaker iri mhinduro yakakunakira.

Ndeipi nzira yekuiswa kwe pacemaker?

Pacemaker implantation inowanzoitwa sechirongwa chekunze, zvinoreva kuti unogona kuenda kumba zuva rimwe chetero. Kuvhiyiwa kunotora anenge 1-2 maawa uye kunoitwa pasi peanesthesia yemuno, saka uchamuka asi uchigadzikana. Chiremba wako achakupawo mild sedation kuti akubatsire kuzorora panguva yacho.

Maitiro acho anotevedza maitiro akanyatsojeka, nhanho-ne-nhanho ayo timu yako yezvokurapa yakaita kakawanda kare. Hezvino zvinoitika panguva yekuvhiyiwa:

1. Nzvimbo yako yechipfuva inocheneswa uye inonzi ine anesthetic yemuno
2. Kucheka kudiki (anenge 2-3 inches) kunoitwa pasi pecollarbone yako
3. The leads inonyatsoiswa kuburikidza nemuviri weropa kumoyo wako uchishandisa X-ray gwara
4. Chishandiso che pacemaker chinoiswa muhomwe diki yakagadzirwa pasi peganda rako
5. The leads inobatanidzwa kune pacemaker uye inoedzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chebasa rakakodzera
6. Kucheka kunovharwa nemachira kana glue yekuvhiya

Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, muchazorora kwemaawa mashoma apo timu yezvokurapa ichatarisa rhythm yemoyo wenyu uye ichitarisa kuti zvese zviri kushanda zvakanaka. Vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa kusagadzikana kushoma, kunyangwe munganzwa kurwadziwa panzvimbo yekuchekwa kwemazuva mashoma.

Maitiro ekugadzirira kuvhiyiwa kwepacemaker yenyu?

Chiremba wenyu achakupai mirairo chaiyo yekutevera musati maisa pacemaker yenyu, asi kugadzirira kazhinji kwakananga. Munowanzo kuda kudzivisa kudya kana kunwa kwemaawa 8-12 musati maitwa, kunyangwe munogona kutora mishonga yenyu yenguva dzose nekunwa mvura shoma kunze kwekunge murairwa neimwe nzira.

Kutora matanho mashoma ari nyore pamberi kunogona kubatsira kuona kuti maitiro enyu anoenda zvakanaka uye kuderedza chero kushushikana kwamungave muchinzwa:

• Gadzirira mumwe munhu kuti akutyairire kumba mushure mekuvhiyiwa
• Pfekai mbatya dzakasununguka, dzakakodzera dzinobata mabhatani kana zipu kumberi
• Bvisa zvishongo zvese, kunyanya kutenderedza mutsipa wako nechipfuva
• Udza chiremba wako nezve mishonga yese, zvinowedzera, uye mishonga yemakwenzi yaunotora
• Zivisa timu yako nezve chero allergies kana maitiro apfuura kumishonga
• Uya nerondedzero yemishonga yako yazvino uye vanobatika munjodzi

Chiremba wenyu anogona kukukumbira kuti urege mishonga yakati wandei senge blood thinners mazuva mashoma maitwa, asi usambomira chero mushonga usina mirairo chaiyo. Kana uchinzwa kutya, izvo zvakajairika zvachose, uye timu yako yezvokurapa iripo kuti ikutsigire uye kupindura chero mibvunzo.

Maitiro ekuverenga basa repacemaker yako?

Pacemaker yenyu ichatariswa nguva dzose kuburikidza nemaitiro anonzi interrogation kana monitoring, izvo zvisina kurwadza uye zvisiri invasive. Munguva yekutarisa uku, chiremba wako anoshandisa mudziyo wakakosha unonzi programmer kuti ataure ne pacemaker yako uye aongorore mashandiro ayo. Izvi zvinowanzoitika mwedzi mitatu-6 yega yega, zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo.

Maitiro ekutarisa anopa ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro pebasa remoyo wako uye mashandiro epacemaker yako. Chiremba wako achatarisa zvinhu zvakakosha zvakati wandei panguva dzekushanya uku:

• Hupenyu hwebhatiri uye nguva yarinogona kushanda (mabhatiri epacemaker anowanzo gara makore 7-15)
• Pacemaker yanga ichikurumidza moyo wako kakawanda sei
• Nzira yechisikigo yemoyo wako uye chero maitiro asina kujairika
• Lead function uye kuyerwa kwemagetsi
• Chero ruzivo rwakachengetwa nezve arrhythmias kana maitiro emoyo asingajairiki

Ma pacemakers mazhinji emazuva ano anopawo kutarisa kuri kure, izvo zvinoreva kuti anogona kutumira ruzivo kuhofisi yachiremba wako kubva kumba kwako. Iyi tekinoroji inobvumira kutarisa kakawanda pasina kukumbira kushanya kwekiriniki, ichipa iwe nachiremba wako rugare rwepfungwa.

Ungararama sei ne pacemaker yako?

Kurarama ne pacemaker hazvireve kusiya zviitiko zvaunoda, kunyangwe paine zvimwe zvekufunga. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana kuti kana vapora kubva kumaitiro ekuisa, vanogona kudzokera kune zvese zviitiko zvavo zvakajairika. Muchokwadi, vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa vane simba kupfuura zvavakaita vasati vawana pacemaker yavo nekuti moyo wavo zvino unokurumidza zvakanyanya.

Pane mimwe mirairo inobatsira yekutevera iyo ichakubatsira kurarama zvakachengeteka uye nechivimbo ne pacemaker yako:

• Dzivisa kubata kwenguva refu neminda ine simba remagineti (senge michina yeMRI, kunyangwe mamwe ma pacemakers matsva ari MRI-anoenderana)
• Chengeta mafoni emaseru angangoita 6 inches kubva kune yako pacemaker
• Zivisa vanopa hutano nezve pacemaker yako vasati vaita chero maitiro
• Takura kadhi rako rekuzivikanwa re pacemaker newe nguva dzese
• Dzivisa mitambo yekubata-pamusoro inogona kukuvadza mudziyo
• Chenjerera kune mamwe masisitimu ekuchengetedza uye zvekutsvaga simbi

Zvizhinji zvemishini yemumba, kusanganisira ma microwave, zvakachengeteka zvachose kushandisa ne pacemaker. Unogona kazhinji kutyaira, kufamba, kurovedza muviri, uye kushanda zvakajairika, kunyangwe chiremba wako angakurudzira kumirira mavhiki mashoma mushure mekuiswa usati wasimudza zvinhu zvinorema kana kusimudza ruoko rwako pamusoro pemusoro wako parutivi rwakaiswa pacemaker.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi yekuda pacemaker?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wako wekuvandudza matambudziko emoyo anogona kuda pacemaker, kunyangwe kuva nezvinhu izvi zvinokonzera njodzi hazvirevi kuti iwe unozoda imwe. Zera ndicho chinhu chakanyanya kukosha, sezvo sisitimu yemagetsi yemoyo inochinja zvakasikwa nekufamba kwenguva, uye vanhu vazhinji vanogamuchira ma pacemaker vane makore anopfuura 65.

Kunzwisisa izvi zvinokonzera njodzi kunogona kukubatsira iwe nachiremba wako kuti utarise hutano hwemoyo wako zvakanyanya:

• Zera repamusoro (njodzi inowedzera zvakanyanya mushure memakore 65)
• Kutambudzika kwemoyo kwakapfuura kana chirwere chemoyo
• Kuvhiringidzika kweropa kwakanyanya kwakanga kusina kutarisirwa zvakanaka
• Chirwere cheshuga, kunyanya kana shuga yeropa yakaoma kudzora
• Nhoroondo yemhuri yematambudziko emoyo
• Mishonga yakati wandei inogona kukanganisa rhythm yemoyo
• Sleep apnea kana mamwe matambudziko ekufema
• Matambudziko ethyroid

Vamwe vanhu vanozvarwa vaine mamiriro anokanganisa sisitimu yemagetsi yemoyo wavo, nepo vamwe vachivandudza matambudziko gare gare muhupenyu nekuda kwekupfeka nekubvaruka, zvirwere, kana mamwe mamiriro ekurapa. Mashoko akanaka ndechokuti zvakawanda zvezvinhu izvi zvinokonzera njodzi zvinogona kutarisirwa kuburikidza nekusarudza mararamiro ane hutano uye kutarisirwa kwekurapa kwakakodzera.

Ndezvipi zvingaitika zvekukanganisa kwekuiswa kwe pacemaker?

Nepo kushandiswa kwepacemaker kunowanzo chengeteka, semamwe maitiro ekurapa, kunounzawo njodzi. Matambudziko akakomba haawanzoitika, achiitika mune asingasviki 1% yemaitiro, asi zvakakosha kunzwisisa zvekutarisa. Vanhu vazhinji vanongowana matambudziko madiki, enguva pfupi anopera nekukurumidza nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera.

Matambudziko anowanzoitika anowanzoita madiki uye anorapika nyore, nepo matambudziko akakomba asingawanzoitiki:

• Kutapukirwa panzvimbo yekuita muviri (inoitika mune anenge 1-2% yezviitiko)
• Kubuda ropa kana kupwanya pedyo nehomwe yepacemaker
• Kutamiswa kwetambo (waya inobva panzvimbo yayo yaifanirwa kuva)
• Kugadzirisa kune mishonga kana zvinhu zvinoshandiswa
• Mapapu akawira (pneumothorax) - haawanzoitiki asi anoda kutariswa nekukasira
• Mavhiri eropa kana kukuvadzwa kwemidzi yeropa
• Pacemaker malfunction kana matambudziko emagetsi

Chikwata chako chekurapa chichakutarisa zvakanyatsoitwa panguva uye mushure mekuita kuti ubate chero matambudziko angangovapo nekukurumidza. Matambudziko mazhinji, kana akaitika, anogona kurapwa zvakabudirira pasina mhedzisiro yenguva refu pahutano hwako kana basa repacemaker yako.

Ndingatarisa rinhi chiremba nezvekunetseka kwepacemaker?

Nepo vanhu vazhinji vane pacemakers vachirarama vasina matambudziko, kune zviratidzo zvakati wandei zvinofanirwa kukukurudzira kuti utaure nachiremba wako nekukasira. Zviratidzo izvi zvekuyambira zvinogona kuratidza nyaya ne pacemaker yako, rhythm yemoyo wako, kana maitiro ekupora mushure mekuiswa.

Zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa kana iwe ukaona chero zviratidzo izvi, sezvo kupindira nekukurumidza kunogona kudzivirira matambudziko akakomba:

• Kutemwa nemusoro, kufenda, kana zviitiko zvakaita sekunge uchafenda
• Kurwadziwa pachipfuwa kana kufema kusina kujairika
• Kuzvimba, kutsvuka, kana kubuda mvura panzvimbo yakavhiyiwa
• Fivha kana zviratidzo zveutachiona
• Hiccups dzisingamire (zvinogona kuratidza kuti lead yatsauka)
• Kunzwira sekunge moyo wako uri kumhanya kana kurova zvisina kujairika
• Kutsetseka kwemhasuru muchipfuwa chako, ruoko, kana diaphragm
• Kuneta zvakanyanya kana kusava nesimba

Usazeza kufonera chiremba wako kana chimwe chinhu chisinganzwike zvakanaka, kunyangwe usina chokwadi chekuti chakabatana ne pacemaker yako. Chikwata chako chehutano chinoda kukutarisa zvisina kufanira pane kupotsa chimwe chinhu chakakosha. Yeuka, varipo kuti vakutsigirese murwendo rwako rwe pacemaker.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve pacemakers

Q1: Pacemaker yakanaka here yekukundikana kwemoyo?

Hongu, mamwe marudzi e pacemakers anogona kubatsira zvikuru vanhu vane kukundikana kwemoyo. Rudzi rwakakosha runonzi cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) pacemaker, kana biventricular pacemaker, inogona kubatsira kuronga kupomba kwemakamuri emoyo wako. Izvi zvinogona kuvandudza kushanda kwemoyo wako uye kuderedza zviratidzo zvakaita sekufema kusina kujairika uye kuneta.

Zvisinei, havasi vese vane kukundikana kwemoyo vanoda pacemaker. Chiremba wako achaongorora rudzi rwako rwekukundikana kwemoyo, zviratidzo zvako, uye kuti moyo wako uri kushanda sei kuti uone kana kurapwa uku kuchakubatsira.

Q2: Kumhanya kwemoyo kunononoka kunoda pacemaker nguva dzose here?

Kwete hazvo. Kumhanya kwemoyo kunononoka (bradycardia) kunongoda pacemaker kana kuchikonzera zviratidzo kana matambudziko ehutano. Vamwe vanhu vanowanzoita kumhanya kwemoyo kunononoka, kunyanya vatambi, uye vanonzwa zvakanaka. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti kumhanya kwemoyo wako kunononoka kuri kudzivirira muviri wako kuwana okisijeni uye zvinovaka muviri zvaunoda.

Chiremba wako achatarisa zviratidzo zvako, hutano hwako hwese, uye kuti kurova kwemoyo kunononoka kunokanganisa sei hupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva asati akurudzira pacemaker. Dzimwe nguva, kugadzirisa mishonga kana kurapa mamiriro ari pasi kunogona kugadzirisa dambudziko pasina kudiwa kwechishandiso.

Q3: Ndingaita maekisesa here ne pacemaker?

Zvirokwazvo! Muchokwadi, maekisesa enguva dzose anokurudzirwa uye anobatsira vanhu vane pacemakers. Pacemaker yako yakagadzirirwa kuti igadzirise kune yako activity level, ichiwedzera kurova kwemoyo wako paunenge uchishingaira uye ichikurumidza paunenge uchizorora. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana kuti vanogona kuita maekisesa zvakanyanya zvakanaka mushure mekuwana pacemaker nekuti moyo wavo unochengetedza rhythm yakagadzikana.

Chiremba wako achapa gwara rakajeka rekuti unogona kutangazve maekisesa riini mushure mekuiswa uye kuti ndeapi marudzi emabasa akanakira iwe. Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kudzokera kune yavo yakajairika maekisesa routine mukati memavhiki mashoma, kunyangwe mitambo ine hukama hwakanyanya inogona kuda kudzivirirwa.

Q4: Bheteri re pacemaker rinogara kwenguva yakareba sei?

Mabhatiri ePacemaker emazuva ano anowanzo gara pakati pe7 ne15 makore, zvichienderana nekuti pacemaker yako inofanirwa kukurumidza moyo wako kakawanda sei uye rudzi rwechishandiso chaunacho. Kana rhythm yemoyo wako ichinonoka zvakanyanya uye pacemaker yako ichishanda kazhinji, bhatiri rinogona kusagara kwenguva refu semunhu ane pacemaker inoshanda chete dzimwe nguva.

Chiremba wako achatarisa hupenyu hwebhatiri rako panguva yekutarisa nguva dzose uye achazvironga kutsiva nguva refu bhatiri risati rapera. Maitiro ekutsiva anowanzo kuve nyore kupfuura kuisa kwekutanga sezvo tambo dzichiwanzoda kuchinjwa.

Q5: Ndingakwanisa kunzwa pacemaker yangu ichishanda here?

Vanhu vazhinji havazonzwi pacemaker yavo ichishanda zvachose kana vangojaira. Ungaona bundu diki pasi peganda rako panogara mudziyo, kunyanya kana uri mutete, asi mitsindo yemagetsi idiki zvekuti haigoni kunzwikwa. Vamwe vanhu vanoshuma kunzwa vane simba rakawanda uye vasinganeti nekuti moyo wavo uri kurova zvakanaka.

Mumavhiki mashoma ekutanga mushure mekuiswa, ungave uchiziva zvakanyanya mudziyo sezvo muviri wako uchigadzirisa uye kucheka kuchipora. Kana iwe ukambonzwa manzwiro asingawanzoitiki senge kutetereka kwemhasuru kana hiccups zvisingamire, fonera chiremba wako, sezvo izvi zvingaratidza kuti mudziyo unoda kugadziriswa.