Chii chinonzi Peritoneal Dialysis? Chinangwa, Mhando/Maitiro & Mhedzisiro

Peritoneal dialysis inzira yakapfava yekuchenesa ropa rako kana itsvo dzako dzisingakwanise kuita basa radzo nemazvo. Panzvimbo yekushandisa muchina se dialysis yechinyakare, kurapwa uku kunoshandisa chifukidzo chemuviri wako chemukati chinonzi peritoneum sechishandiso chekusefa. Mvura yakakosha inoyerera mudumbu rako, inobvisa tsvina nemvura yakawandisa kubva muropa rako, wobva yadururwa, ichienda netoksini.

Chii chinonzi peritoneal dialysis?

Peritoneal dialysis inoshanda nekushandura dumbu rako kuita sisitimu yekusefa yechisikigo. Peritoneum yako imembrane yakatetepa, yakatsetseka inofukidza gomba rako remudumbu uye inovhara nhengo dzako semucheka wekudzivirira. Membrane iyi ine tsinga diki dzeropa dzinopfuura nemairi, zvichiita kuti ive yakakwana yekusefa tsvina kubva muropa rako.

Panguva yekurapa, chubhu yakapfava inonzi catheter inogara yakaiswa mudumbu rako. Mvura yakachena ye dialysis inoyerera kuburikidza necatheter iyi ichienda mugomba rako remudumbu, uko inogara kwemaawa akati wandei. Mvura inoshanda semagineti, ichibvisa zvigadzirwa zvemarara nemvura yakawandisa kubva muropa rako kuburikidza nemembrane yeperitoneal.

Mushure mekunge maitiro ekuchenesa apera, unodurura mvura yakashandiswa kuburikidza necatheter imwechete. Iyi nzira inonzi kuchinjana, uye vanhu vazhinji vanoiita 3-4 nguva pazuva. Kuchinjana kwega kwega kunotora maminitsi anenge 30-40, zvichikupa kuchinjika kuti uchiite kumba, kubasa, kana kupi zvako kunonzwa zvakanaka.

Nei peritoneal dialysis ichiitwa?

Peritoneal dialysis inova inodiwa kana itsvo dzako dzichirasikirwa nekwaniso yavo yekusefa tsvina nemvura yakawandisa kubva muropa rako nemazvo. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kana basa reitsvo richidzika pasi pe10-15% yemagariro akajairika. Pasina kurapwa uku, chepfu inotyisa nemvura zvinoungana mumuviri wako, zvichikonzera matambudziko makuru ehutano.

Chiremba wako angakurudzira peritoneal dialysis kana uine chirwere cheitsvo chekupedzisira chinokonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga, ropa rakakwira, kana mamwe mamiriro eitsvo. Inowanzo sarudzwa nevanhu vanoda kuzvimiririra zvakanyanya uye kuchinjika muchirongwa chavo chekurapa zvichienzaniswa ne hemodialysis iri muchipatara.

Kurapa uku kunoshanda zvakanaka kune vanhu vanogadzira weti, vane hunyanzvi hwemanyore, uye vanosarudza kutarisira hutano hwavo kumba. Varwere vazhinji vanoona kuti inoenderana zviri nani nemarongero ebasa, mabasa emhuri, uye zvirongwa zvekufamba sezvo iwe uchikwanisa kuita shanduko chero kupi zvako nezvinhu zvakakodzera.

Ndeipi nzira ye peritoneal dialysis?

Maitiro e peritoneal dialysis anotanga nekuvhiyiwa kudiki kuti uise catheter yako. Iri chubhu, rinenge rakakora sepenzura, rinoiswa mudumbu rako kuburikidza nekucheka kudiki. Vanhu vazhinji vanoita izvi sechirongwa chekunze uye vanogona kuenda kumba zuva rimwe chete.

Catheter yako inoda mavhiki 2-3 kuti ipore zvakanaka usati watanga kurapwa kwe dialysis. Munguva iyi, iwe uchashanda nemukoti we dialysis kuti udzidze maitiro ekuita shanduko zvakachengeteka uye kuziva zviratidzo zvehutachiona kana mamwe matambudziko.

Shanduko imwe neimwe inotevera matanho mana ari nyore anova echinyakare nekudzidzira:

1. Bvisa mvura ye dialysis yakashandiswa kubva mudumbu rako mubhaga rekuunganidza
2. Zadza dumbu rako nemvura itsva, yakachena ye dialysis kuburikidza ne catheter
3. Regai mvura igare mudumbu rako kwemaawa 4-6 ichichenesa ropa rako
4. Dzokorora maitiro neimwe shanduko itsva

Maitiro ese ekuchinjana anotora anenge maminitsi makumi matatu nemakumi mana enguva yekubata. Pakati peshanduko, unogona kuita mabasa ako akajairika apo mvura inoita basa rayo rekuchenesa mukati medumbu rako.

Maitiro ekugadzirira peritoneal dialysis yako?

Kugadzirira dialysis yeperitoneal kunosanganisira matanho ese ari maviri emuviri uye edzidzo kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengeteka kwako uye kubudirira. Chikwata chako chekuchengetedzwa kwehutano chichakutungamira kuburikidza nekudzidziswa kwakazara uko kunowanzo tora 1-2 mavhiki kuti upedze.

Usati watanga kurapwa, unozoda bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzekurapa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti peritoneal dialysis yakakunakira. Izvi zvinosanganisira bvunzo dzeropa kuti uone kushanda kwematsvo ako, zvidzidzo zvekuongorora mudumbu rako, uye dzimwe nguva bvunzo diki kuti uone kuti membrane yako yeperitoneal inosefa sei marara.

Hezvino zvaunogona kutarisira panguva yekugadzirira kwako:

• Kudzidza kugeza maoko zvakanaka uye nzira isina mabhakitiriya kudzivirira zvirwere
• Kudzidzira kubatanidza nekubvisa catheter yako zvakachengeteka
• Kunzwisisa maitiro ekuyera uye kurekodha kubviswa kwemvura yako
• Kuziva zviratidzo zvekuyambira zvinoda kutariswa kwekurapa nekukurumidza
• Kugadzirisa nzvimbo yakachena, yakatsaurirwa kumba kwako yekuchinjana

Chikwata chako chedialysis chichakurukurawo kudya kwako, mishonga, uye kugadzirisa mararamiro. Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kuchengetedza tsika dzekudya dzakajairika, kunyangwe iwe ungada kuongorora kupinda kweprotein uye kuderedza zvimwe zvekudya zvine phosphorus yakawanda kana potassium.

Maitiro ekuverenga mhedzisiro yako yeperitoneal dialysis?

Kunzwisisa mhedzisiro yako yeperitoneal dialysis kunokubatsira kuti urambe uri munzira nezvinangwa zvako zvekurapa. Chikwata chako chekuchengetedzwa kwehutano chinotarisa zviyero zvakakosha zvinoverengeka kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kurapwa kwako kuri kushanda nemazvo uye kugadzirisa mushonga wako kana zvichidikanwa.

Chiyero chakanyanya kukosha ndiyo yako Kt/V ratio, iyo inoratidza kuti kurapwa kwako kunobvisa sei zvigadzirwa zvemarara. Chinangwa chine hutano chinowanzoita 1.7 kana kupfuura pavhiki kana uchibatanidza dialysis yako clearance nebasa ripi zvaro rematsvo raungave uine.

Chikwata chako chekurapa chichateverawo izvi zvinoratidza zvakakosha:

• Kuchengetwa kweCreatinine - kuyera kuti marara ari kubviswa sei
• Kubviswa kwemvura - inoita kuti uve uri kubvisa huwandu hwemvura yakawandisa
• Peritoneal equilibration test - inoongorora kuti membrane yako inotakura marara nekukurumidza sei
• Blood pressure uye uremu hwemaitiro - inoratidza kudzora kwemvura
• Miyero yemu laboratory senge potassium, phosphorus, uye hemoglobin mazinga

Nhamba idzi dzinotarisiswa mwedzi wese panguva yekushanya kwako kuchipatara. Mushonga wako we dialysis unogona kuchinjwa zvichienderana nemhedzisiro iyi, iyo inogona kureva kuchinja simba remhinduro yako, nguva dzekugara, kana huwandu hwekuchinjana kwemazuva ese.

Maitiro ekuvandudza kurapwa kwako kwe peritoneal dialysis?

Kuwana zvakawanda kubva mukurapwa kwako kwe peritoneal dialysis kunosanganisira kutevera maitiro ako akanyorwa nguva dzose uye kuchengetedza tsika dzakanaka dzehutano hwese. Zvisarudzo zvidiki zvezuva nezuva zvinogona kuita mutsauko mukuru mukuti kurapwa kwako kunoshanda sei.

Kunamira kune yako yekuchinjana chirongwa kwakakosha pakuchengetedza kubviswa kwemarara. Kupotsa kuchinjana kana kupfupisa nguva dzekugara kunogona kutungamira mukuvaka chepfu uye kuchengetwa kwemvura. Kana iwe uchida kugadzirisa nguva dzimwe nguva, shanda nechikwata chako chehutano kuti uchinje chirongwa chako zvakachengeteka.

Izvi zvehupenyu zvinogona kubatsira kuvandudza kushanda kwako kurapwa:

• Kuchengetedza chikafu chakanaka nekudya mapuroteni akakwana
Kugara uchishingaira mumuviri mukati memazinga ako esimba
• Kudzora blood pressure uye blood sugar kana uine chirwere cheshuga
• Kutora mishonga yakanyorwa nguva dzose
• Kuchengeta nzvimbo yako yekubuda catheter yakachena uye yakaoma
• Kupinda mune zvese zvakarongeka zvekurapa

Kukwana kwako kwe dialysis kunogona kuchinja nekufamba kwenguva, saka kuongorora nguva dzose kunobatsira kubata chero nyaya kare. Vamwe vanhu vanozopedzisira vachifanira kuchinjira ku hemodialysis kana membrane yavo ye peritoneal ikashanda zvishoma pakusefa marara.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi yematambudziko e peritoneal dialysis?

Nepo peritoneal dialysis ichiita seyakanaka, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yematambudziko. Kunzwisisa izvi zvinhu zvinowedzera njodzi kunobatsira iwe nechikwata chako chehutano kutora matanho ekudzivirira uye kutarisisa kurapwa kwako zvakanyanya.

Chinhu chikuru chinowedzera njodzi ndiko kushaya hunyanzvi hwekuchenesa panguva yekuchinjana, izvo zvinogona kukonzera peritonitis - hutachiona hwe peritoneal membrane. Iri dambudziko rakakomba rinokanganisa vanenge 1 kubva pa18 varwere pagore, asi kudzidziswa kwakakodzera uye hunyanzvi hwakanyatsojeka hunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya njodzi iyi.

Mamiriro akati wandei ehutano uye mararamiro anogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yematambudziko:

• Chirwere cheshuga, kunyanya nekudzora shuga yeropa isina kunaka
• Mavhiyo emudumbu akamboitwa aimbove akagadzira nyama yemaronda
• Chirwere che inflammatory bowel kana kugara uchimbundikana
• Kusadzivirirwa kwemuviri kubva kumishonga kana kurwara
• Kushaya hunyanzvi hwemaoko kana matambudziko ekuona anokanganisa hunyanzvi
• Kugara munzvimbo dzisina hutano hwakanaka

Zera rega rega harikubvise kubva ku peritoneal dialysis, asi vanhu vakuru vanogona kusangana nematambudziko ekuwedzera nehunyanzvi hwemaoko kana kuyeuka maitiro akaoma. Rutsigiro rwemhuri kana rubatsiro rwekutarisira imba runogona kubatsira kukunda izvi zvipingamupinyi zvakachengeteka.

Ndezvipi zvingangoitika zve peritoneal dialysis?

Vanhu vazhinji vanofamba zvakanaka ne peritoneal dialysis, asi semamwe marapirwo echiremba, matambudziko anogona kuitika. Kuziva nezvematambudziko anogona kubatsira iwe kuziva zviratidzo zvekutanga uye kutsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza kana zvichidikanwa.

Peritonitis ndiyo dambudziko rakakomba, rinoitika kana mabhakitiriya apinda mumudumbu mako uye kukonzera hutachiona. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinosanganisira mvura ye dialysis ine makore, kurwadziwa mudumbu, fivha, uye kusvotwa. Nekurapwa nekukurumidza kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, zviitiko zvakawanda zvinopera zvachose, asi hutachiona hwakakomba dzimwe nguva hunogona kukuvadza peritoneal membrane yako.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinofanira kuzivikanwa zvinosanganisira:

• Zvirwere zvine chekuita ne catheter pedyo nenzvimbo yekubuda paganda rako
• Catheter blockages kubva ku fibrin clots kana matambudziko ekugadzirisa
• Kuchengetwa kwemvura kana kurapwa kwako kusingabvise mvura yakawandisa
• Hernias kubva pakuwedzera kumanikidzwa mudumbu panguva yekuchinjana
• Kurwadziwa kwemumashure kubva kuhuremu hwemvura ye dialysis mudumbu rako
• Kurasikirwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwe peritoneal membrane function nekufamba kwenguva

Zvizhinji zvezvinetso zvinogona kurapwa kana zvabatwa nekukurumidza. Chikwata chako chehutano chichakudzidzisa zviratidzo zvekuchenjerera zvekutarisa uye kukupa mirairo yakajeka yekuti ungadaidza rini rubatsiro. Kugara uchiongorora nguva kunobatsira kuona matambudziko vasati vava akakomba.

Ndingatarisana rini nachiremba nekuda kwekunetsekana kwe peritoneal dialysis?

Kuziva kuti ungabatana rini nechikwata chako chehutano kunogona kudzivirira nyaya diki kubva pakuva matambudziko akakomba. Nzvimbo yako ye dialysis inofanira kukupa ruzivo rwekubata maawa makumi maviri nemana nekuda kwekunetsekana kunokurumidza kusingakwanise kumirira kusvika maawa ebhizinesi akajairika.

Fonera chiremba wako nekukurumidza kana ukaona mvura ye dialysis ine makore ichibuda panguva yekuchinjana, sezvo izvi zvinowanzo ratidza peritonitis. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinokurumidza zvinosanganisira kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu, fivha inodarika 100.4°F, kana zviratidzo zvechirwere che catheter senge kutsvuka, kuzvimba, kana pus pedyo nenzvimbo yako yekubuda.

Bata chikwata chako chehutano nekukurumidza nekuda kwezviratidzo izvi zvinonetsa:

• Kutambudzika kuburitsa mvura ye dialysis kana kubviswa kwemvura kushoma
• Kurwadziwa mudumbu kusinganzwisisike kana cramping panguva yekuchinjana
• Kuwedzera uremu kamwe kamwe kana kuzvimba mumakumbo ako kana kumeso
• Kuramba uine nausea, kurutsa, kana kurasikirwa nechido
• Kufema zvishoma kana kurwadziwa muchipfuva
• Kukuvadzwa kweCatheter kana kusangana netsaona

Usazeza kufona kana uine mibvunzo kana kunetseka, kunyangwe zvichioneka sezviri zvidiki. Chikwata chako che dialysis chinoda kugadzirisa nyaya diki kare pane kutarisana nematambudziko akakomba gare gare. Kukurukurirana nguva dzose kunobatsira kuona kuti kurapwa kwako kunoramba kuri munzira.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve peritoneal dialysis

Q1: Ko peritoneal dialysis inoshanda se hemodialysis here?

Peritoneal dialysis inogona kushanda se hemodialysis kana ikaitwa nemazvo uye nguva dzose. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti mwero wekupona wakafanana pakati pekurapa uku, kunyanya mumakore mashoma ekutanga. Chinhu chakakosha ndechokutevera chirongwa chako chakanyorwa uye kuchengetedza nzira yakanaka.

Peritoneal dialysis inoshanda nguva dzose uye zvinyoro-nyoro, izvo vamwe vanhu vanowana zviri nyore pamuviri wavo kupfuura kuchinja kwemvura nekukurumidza kwe hemodialysis. Zvisinei, kushanda kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita sebasa rako rematsvo rakasara, kuti membrane yako ye peritoneal inosefa tsvina zvakanaka sei, uye kugona kwako kuita kuchinjana zvakanaka.

Q2: Ndingafamba here ndiri pa peritoneal dialysis?

Hongu, unogona kufamba ne peritoneal dialysis, kunyangwe zvichida kuronga pachine nguva uye kubatana nechikwata chako che dialysis. Varwere vazhinji vanowana iyi shanduko imwe yezvakanakira zvikuru zve peritoneal dialysis ichienzaniswa ne hemodialysis iri muchipatara.

Chikwata chako che dialysis chinogona kuronga kuti zvinhu zviendeswe kunzvimbo yaunoenda kana kukubatsira kuwana nzvimbo dze dialysis dzinogona kupa rutsigiro panguva yerwendo rwako. Uchada kurongedza zvinhu zvakachena zvakanyatso chenjerera uye kuchengetedza chirongwa chako chekuchinjana uchifamba.

Q3: Ndingagara kwenguva yakareba sei pa peritoneal dialysis?

Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kugara pa peritoneal dialysis kwemakore 5-7, kunyangwe vamwe vachiramba vachibudirira kwenguva refu. Chinhu chikuru chinoganhurira kazhinji kuchinja zvishoma nezvishoma mumembrane yako ye peritoneal inoita kuti isashande zvakanaka pakusefa tsvina nekufamba kwenguva.

Vashandi venyu vezvehutano vanotarisa kushanda zvakanaka kwemishonga yenyu nguva dzose uye vachakurukura sarudzo kana peritoneal dialysis ikashanda zvishoma. Vamwe vanhu vanozopedzisira vachichinja kuenda ku hemodialysis, asi vamwe vangave vakakodzera kutambirwa itsvo.

Q4: Ko peritoneal dialysis ichakanganisa chido changu chekudya uye uremu?

Peritoneal dialysis inogona kukanganisa chido chako chekudya uye uremu munzira dzakawanda. Mhinduro ye dialysis ine shuga inotorwa nemuviri wako, iyo inogona kuwedzera uremu uye inogona kuderedza nzara yako panguva yekudya.

Vanhu vazhinji vanowana chido chavo chekudya chichivandudzika kana vatanga dialysis nekuti kuwanda kwetoxin kwaiita kuti vanzwe vasina kunaka. Kushanda nemunyori wezvekudya we renal kunokubatsira kuenzanisa zvaunoda zvekudya uchibata chero shanduko dzehuremu kubva kumushonga.

Q5: Ndingashanda ndichiri kuita peritoneal dialysis here?

Vanhu vazhinji vanogona kuramba vachishanda vachiri pa peritoneal dialysis, kunyanya kana vachikwanisa kuronga nguva dzinoshanduka dzekuchinjana. Kuendeseka kwemushonga uye nguva pfupi yekushanda maoko inoita kuti ienderane nenzvimbo dzakawanda dzebasa.

Ungangoda kukurukura nzvimbo dzakakodzera nemushandirwi wako, senge kuwana nzvimbo yakachena, yakavanzika yekuchinjana kana nguva dzekuzorora dzinoshanduka. Varwere vazhinji vanowana peritoneal dialysis ichivabvumira kuchengetedza nguva dzebasa dzakajairika zvakanyanya kana ichienzaniswa ne hemodialysis iri pakati.