Chii chinonzi Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation? Chinangwa, Maitiro & Mhedzisiro

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) imhando yekurapa uropi isingapindi iyo inoshandisa magineti kuti ishandise nzvimbo dzakatarwa dzeuropi hwako. Fungidzira seimwe nzira yakapfava yekuti "kumutsa" nzvimbo dzeuropi dzisingashande zvakanaka sezvazvinofanira, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai sekuora mwoyo uko matunhu ehuropi achiita seasingashande zvakanyanya.

Kurapa uku kwakatenderwa neFDA kwave kuchibatsira vanhu kuwana zororo kubva kune akasiyana mamiriro ehutano hwepfungwa kubvira 2008. Maitiro acho anoitwa muhofisi yechiremba iwe uchimuka zvizere uye wakangwarira, zvichiita kuti ive imwe nzira yakapfava kune dzimwe nzira dzakanyanya kurapa.

Chii chinonzi Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation?

TMS inoshanda nekugadza coil yemagineti pamusoro pemusoro wako kuti ipe magnetic pulses yakatarwa kunzvimbo dzakatarwa dzeuropi. Mapulses aya akafanana nesimba kune ayo anoshandiswa mumichina yeMRI, asi akatarwa kumutsa neurons munzvimbo dzinodzora mafungiro, kufunga, uye maitiro.

Minda yemagineti inopfuura nemupfupa wako usingarwadzi uye inogadzira magetsi madiki mutishu rehuropi hwako. Magetsi aya anobatsira "kumisa patsva" nzira dze neural dzinogona kunge dzakakanganiswa nekuda kwekuora mwoyo, kushushikana, kana mamwe mamiriro.

Kune mhando mbiri huru dzaungasangana nadzo. Repetitive TMS (rTMS) inopa pulses dzenguva dzose mumaitiro ane rhythm, nepo theta burst stimulation ichipa mapfupi, akanyanya kupisa kwemapulses. Chiremba wako achasarudza nzira yakakodzera mamiriro ako chaiwo.

Nei Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ichiitwa?

TMS inonyanya kushandiswa kana kurapwa kwechinyakare kusina kupa zororo rakakwana kubva kuzviratidzo zvako. Inonyanya kurairwa kurapa-inodzivisa kuora mwoyo, zvinoreva kuti wakaedza angangoita maviri akasiyana antidepressant mishonga pasina kubudirira.

Kunze kwokuora mwoyo, TMS inogona kubatsira nezvimwe zvirwere zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwako. Chiremba wako angakurudzira izvi zve obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), kunyanya kana pfungwa dzinopinda uye maitiro ekumanikidza achiramba achiitika pasinei nemamwe marapirwo.

Kurapa uku kuri kushandiswawo kudzivirira migraine, kunyanya kune vanhu vanowanzova nekurwadziwa kwemusoro kunoparadza. Vamwe varwere vanowana TMS ichibatsira kune anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), uye kunyange mamwe mamiriro ekurwadziwa.

Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, TMS inogona kufungwa nezvezvirwere zvakaita sebipolar disorder, schizophrenia, kana eating disorders, kunyangwe izvi zvikumbiro zvichiri kutsvagiswa. Mupi wako wehutano achanyatsoongorora kana TMS yakakodzera mamiriro ako chaiwo.

Ndeipi nzira ye Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation?

Chikamu chako chekutanga cheTMS chichava chakareba kupfuura zvakajairika nekuti chiremba wako anoda kukopa uropi hwako uye kuwana simba rakakodzera rekukurudzira. Iwe uchagara pachigaro chakasununguka apo nyanzvi inoisa magnetic coil kumusoro wako, kazhinji pamusoro peiyo left prefrontal cortex.

Maitiro ekukopa anosanganisira kuwana yako

Kurapa kunoitwa panze pechipatara, saka unogona kuzvityaira kuenda nekudzoka kubva kumisangano. Kusiyana nemamwe marapirwo ekukurudzira uropi, TMS haidi anesthesia kana sedation, zvichikubvumira kuti uchengetedze mabasa ako emazuva ese.

Maitiro ekugadzirira Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation yako?

Kugadzirira TMS kwakananga, asi pane mamwe matanho akakosha ekuona kuchengeteka kwako uye kushanda kwemishonga. Chiremba wako achatanga aongorora zvakadzama zvekurapa, kusanganisira mibvunzo pamusoro pechero zvinomera zvesimbi, zvishandiso zvekurapa, kana mishonga yaunotora.

Unofanirwa kubvisa chero zvinhu zvesimbi kubva kumusoro wako nemutsipa usati waita chikamu chega chega. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvishongo, mapini ebvudzi, zvinobatsira kunzwa, uye basa remazino rinobviswa. Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kukanganisa munda wemagineti kana kupisa panguva yekurapa.

Zivisa timu yako yehutano nezve chero mishonga yaunotora, kunyanya iyo inoderedza chikumbaridzo chako chekubatwa. Kunyange zvazvo kubatwa kuchiwanzika zvikuru neTMS, mamwe mishonga anogona kuwedzera zvishoma njodzi iyi. Chiremba wako anogona kugadzirisa mishonga yako kwenguva pfupi kana zvichidikanwa.

Pamazuva ekurapa, idya zvakajairika uye gara uine mvura yakakwana. Ungada kuunza mahedhifoni kana earplugs, sezvo ruzha rwekudzvanya runogona kuva rwakanyanya, kunyange zvipatara zvakawanda zvichipa dziviriro yenzeve. Vamwe vanhu vanozviwana zvichibatsira kuunza bhuku kana mimhanzi kubatsira kupfuudza nguva panguva yemisangano.

Kana uine chero kunetseka pamusoro peclaustrophobia kana kushushikana pamusoro pechirongwa, kurukurai izvi nechikwata chako chekurapa pachine nguva. Vanogona kukubatsira kuti unzwe wakasununguka uye vanogona kuratidza nzira dzekuzorora.

Maitiro ekuverenga mhedzisiro yako yeTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation?

Mhedzisiro yeTMS haiyerwi kuburikidza nemiedzo yechinyakare yelabhu kana zvidzidzo zvekuongorora. Pane kudaro, kufambira mberi kwako kunoongororwa kuburikidza nemakero ekuyera zviratidzo, mibvunzo yemood, uye nguva dzose dzekutarisa nemupi wako wehutano nezvekuti unonzwa sei.

Ungatanga kuona kuvandudzika mumafungiro ako, mazinga esimba, kana zvimwe zviratidzo mushure memavhiki maviri kusvika matatu ekurapa. Vamwe vanhu vanowana shanduko zvishoma nezvishoma, asi vamwe vanoona kuvandudzika kamwe kamwe. Maitiro ese ari maviri akajairika zvachose uye haafaniri kufanotaura mhedzisiro yako yekupedzisira.

Chiremba wako anogona kushandisa zviyero zvakajairika zvekuora mwoyo kana kushushikana kuti atevere kufambira mberi kwako zvine chinangwa. Mibvunzo iyi inobatsira kuyera shanduko mukurara, chido, kuisa pfungwa, uye mafungiro ese aunogona kusaziva zuva nezuva.

Mhinduro kuTMS inowanzo tsanangurwa sekuti 50% kana kupfuura kuvandudzika mukukomba kwezviratidzo, nepo kukanganisa kunoreva kuti zviratidzo zvako zvakaderera kusvika kumazinga mashoma. Vanenge 60% yevanhu vanowana kuvandudzika kukuru, uye vanenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu vanowana kukanganisa.

Ramba uchifunga kuti mabhenefiti anogona kuramba achikura kwemavhiki akati wandei mushure mekunge kurapwa kwako kwapera. Vamwe vanhu vanoona mhedzisiro yavo yakanakisa mwedzi mumwe kusvika mitatu mushure mekurapa, saka kushivirira kwakakosha panguva iyi.

Nzira yekuvandudza mhedzisiro yako yeTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation?

Kuwedzera mabhenefiti ako eTMS kunosanganisira kuchengetedza kuenderana nehurongwa hwako hwekurapa uye kutsigira hutano hwako hwepfungwa. Kusavapo kumasesheni kunogona kuderedza kushanda kwekurapa, saka edza kupinda mune zvese zvakagadzirirwa kusangana kunyangwe usiri kunzwa kuvandudzika nekukurumidza.

Ramba uchitora chero mishonga yakarairwa kunze kwekunge chiremba wako achikurudzira neimwe nzira. TMS inowanzo shanda zvakanaka kana yakabatanidzwa nemishonga yekurwisa kuora mwoyo kana mimwe mishonga yauri kutotora. Usamira kana kuchinja mishonga usati wataurirana nachiremba wako wehutano kutanga.

Kutsigira kurapwa kwako nekusarudza mararamiro ane hutano kunogona kuvandudza mhedzisiro yako. Kujairira kurovedza muviri, kurara zvakakwana, uye kudya zvakanaka zvese zvinotsigira hutano hwehuropi uye zvinogona kubatsira TMS kushanda zvakanyanya. Kunyangwe mabasa akareruka sekufamba anogona kubatsira.

Funga kuwedzera psychotherapy kuronga kwako kurapa kana usati uri kushanda nemurapi. Vanhu vazhinji vanowana kuti TMS inovaita kuti vagamuchire therapy zvakanyanya, uye musanganiswa uyu kazhinji unoburitsa mhedzisiro iri nani pane chero kurapwa kwega.

Ramba wakabatana netsigiro yako yese yekurapa. Zivisa mhuri neshamwari nezve rwendo rwako rweTMS kuti vakwanise kupa kukurudzira uye kukubatsira kuona shanduko dzakanaka dzaungashaya.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi yematambudziko eTMS?

Vanhu vazhinji vanotsungirira TMS zvakanaka, asi zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yemigumisiro kana kukusaita kuti ukwanise kurapwa. Kuva nezvimbi zvemetari mumuromo kana pedyo nemusoro wako ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukonzera njodzi, sezvo izvi zvinogona kupisa kana kufamba panguva yekurapa.

Zvimwe zvinhu zvemetari zvinoita kuti TMS isachengeteke zvinosanganisira cochlear implants, deep brain stimulators, vagus nerve stimulators, uye mamwe marudzi eaneurysm clips. Zvisinei, kuzadzwa kwemazino, korona, uye zvakawanda zveorthodontic hardware zvinowanzova zvakachengeteka.

Nhoroondo yako pachako kana yemhuri yezvirwere zvinowedzera njodzi yako, kunyange zvazvo zvirwere panguva yeTMS zvichiramba zvichishamisa (isiri pasi pe0.1% yevanhu). Chiremba wako achanyatsoongorora njodzi iyi uye anogona kuramba achikurudzira kurapwa nekuchenjerera kwakakodzera.

Mishonga yakati wandei inogona kuderedza chikumbaridzo chako chekuzvidya mwoyo uye zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi. Izvi zvinosanganisira mamwe antidepressants, antipsychotics, uye mishonga inoshandiswa yeADHD. Chiremba wako achaongorora mishonga yako yese uye anogona kuigadzirisa kana zvichidikanwa.

Kuzvitakura kunowanzofungidzirwa sechinhu chinopesana neTMS, kwete nekuti zvinozivikanwa kuti zvinokuvadza, asi nekuti hapana tsvakurudzo yakakwana yekusimbisa kuchengeteka. Kana uri nepamuviri kana kuronga kuva nepamuviri, kurukura dzimwe nzira dzekurapa nachiremba wako.

Zvikonzero zvine chekuita nezera zvinogonawo kukanganisa kurapwa kwako. Kunyange TMS ichibvumirwa kuvakuru, vakuru vakuru vangave nemhinduro dzakasiyana kana kushivirira. Varwere vakuru kwazvo vangada nzira dzekurapa dzakachinjwa kana kuongororwa zvakanyanya.

Ndezvipi zvingaitika zvekukanganisa kweTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation?

Mhedzisiro yakajairika yeTMS idiki uye yenguva pfupi, inowanzo pera mukati memaawa mashoma ekurapa. Kusvotwa nemusoro kunoitika kune vanenge 40% yevanhu, kunyanya mukati mevhiki yekutanga yekurapa, asi izvi zvinowanzoita zvishoma sezvaunojaira kurapwa.

Kusagadzikana kweganda remusoro kana kurwadziwa panzvimbo yekurapa kunokanganisa varwere vazhinji pakutanga. Izvi zvinonzwa sekupfava kana kurwadziwa kwakaiswa coil yemagineti, zvakafanana nekuti ganda remusoro wako ringanzwa sei mushure mekupfeka ngowani yakasimba. Kusagadzikana kunowanzoita zvakanyanya mushure mema session mashoma ekutanga.

Vamwe vanhu vanonzwa muscle twitching kana spasms panguva yekurapa, kunyanya kana coil yemagineti inokurudzira tsinga dzepedyo dzemuviri. Kunyange izvi zvichigona kutanga, hazvina njodzi uye zvinowanzo pera nekukurumidza kana chinzvimbo checoil chagadziriswa.

Kushanduka kwekunzwa kunogoneka nekuda kweruzha rwekudzvanya panguva yekurapa, kunyangwe kukuvadzwa kwakakomba kwekunzwa kusingawanzoitiki kana kuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera kwenzeve kuchishandiswa. Vamwe varwere vanoshuma kurira kwenguva pfupi munzeve dzavo (tinnitus) mushure mema session.

Zvimwe zvakakomba zvinowanzoitika asi zvakakosha kunzwisisa. Zvirwere zvinowanzoitika kune vashoma vanopfuura 1 muna 1,000 varwere, uye kana zvikaitika, zvinowanzoita zvishoma uye zvinopera pasina mhedzisiro inogara. Chikwata chako chekurapa chakadzidziswa kubata iyi njodzi isingawanzoitiki.

Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, vamwe varwere vanonzwa shanduko dzemafungiro dzinoita sedzakapesana, senge kuwedzera kwekunetseka kana kufara. Mhedzisiro iyi inowanzoita yenguva pfupi, asi zvakakosha kuzivisa chero shanduko dzemafungiro dzinonetsa kumupi wako wehutano nekukasira.

Mhedzisiro yenguva refu

Mhedzisiro yenguva refu ichiri kudzidzwa, asi tsvakurudzo yazvino inoratidza kuti TMS haikonzeri kukuvadzwa kwehuropi kwenguva refu kana shanduko huru dzekuziva. Mazhinji emhedzisiro inopera zvachose mukati memazuva mashoma kusvika kumavhiki ekupedza kurapwa.

Ndingatarisana riini nachiremba nezve Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation?

Unofanira kubata chiremba wako nekukurumidza kana ukaona chero chiitiko chakaita sechirwere panguva kana mushure mekurapwa kweTMS. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudedera kusingadzoreki, kurasikirwa nekuziva, kuvhiringidzika, kana chero chiitiko chaunorasikirwa nekuziva zvakatipoteredza.

Kufunganya kwakanyanya, kuchinja kwemaitiro, kana kufunga kwekuuraya kunofanira kuongororwa nekukurumidza. Kana uine pfungwa dzekuzviuraya, svika kubatsirwa nekukurumidza. Kana iwe uine chero zviratidzo zvitsva kana zvakanyanya, kana iwe usinganzwi zvakanaka, taura nechikwata chako chekurapa.

Mavhairi akakomba asingapinduri kumishonga yekurwadziwa inowanikwa pamusoro pe-counter kana mavhairi anowedzera nekufamba kwenguva anofanira kuongororwa. Kunyange zvazvo mavhairi akapfava akajairika, kurwadziwa kunoramba kuripo kana kwakanyanya kungaratidza kudiwa kwekugadzirisa maitiro ako ekurapa.

Matambudziko ekunzwa, kusanganisira kurira kwakanyanya munzeve dzako, kunzwa kwakavharika, kana chero kurasikirwa kwekunzwa, anofanira kuziviswa nekukurumidza. Chiremba wako angangoda kugadzirisa kurapwa kwako kana kupa dziviriro yekuwedzera yekunzwa.

Kana usiri kuona chero kuvandudzwa mushure memasisheni e15-20, kurukura izvi nechikwata chako chekurapa. Vanogona kuda kugadzirisa maitiro ekurapa, kuwedzera mamwe marapirwo, kana kufunga nzira dzimwe.

Taura nachiremba wako kana ukaona chero zviratidzo zveutachiona panzvimbo yekurapa, zvakadai sekutsvedza kusinganzwisisiki, kuzvimba, kana kubuda. Kunyange zvazvo zvisingawanzoitiki, chero kutsamwa kweganda kunofanira kuongororwa.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Q.1 Ko Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation yakanaka here pakushushikana?

TMS inogona kushanda kune mamwe marudzi ekushushikana, kunyanya kana achiitika pamwe chete nekuora mwoyo. Varwere vazhinji vanoona kuvandudzwa muzviratidzo zvavo zvekushushikana panguva yekurapwa kwekuora mwoyo, sezvo nzvimbo dzehuropi dzakabatanidzwa mukugadzirisa manzwiro dzichikanganisawo kushushikana.

Tsvagiridzo inonyanya kutarisa kusagadzikana inokura, iine mhedzisiro inovimbisa yekusagadzikana kwakajairika uye kushushikana kwemagariro. Zvisinei, TMS haisati yatenderwa neFDA zvakananga kune kusagadzikana, saka yaizoonekwa seyekushandisa kunze kwelabel.

Chiremba wako achaongorora kana kushushikana kwako kungabatsirwa neTMS zvichibva pazviratidzo zvako zvakakosha uye nhoroondo yekurapa. Kana usina kupindura zvakanaka kumishonga yechinyakare yekushushikana, TMS inogona kukodzera kurukurwa seimwe sarudzo.

Q.2 Ko TMS inokonzera matambudziko ekuyeuka here?

TMS haisi kazhinji inokonzera matambudziko ekuyeuka uye inogona kunyatso kuvandudza basa rekuona mune vamwe varwere. Kusiyana ne electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), iyo inogona kukonzera matambudziko ekuyeuka kwenguva pfupi, TMS inonyanya kutariswa uye inononoka.

Varwere vazhinji vanoshuma kuvandudzwa mukutarisa, kutarisa, uye kujeka kwepfungwa sezvo zviratidzo zvavo zvekuora mwoyo zvichivandudzwa neTMS. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza kushanda kwehuropi kwakavandudzwa pane zvakananga zvinokanganisa nzvimbo dzekuyeuka.

Kana uine hanya nekuchinja kwekuyeuka panguva yekurapa, chengeta bhuku rezuva nezuva rebasa rako rekuona uye kurukura chero zvinokunetsa nechikwata chako chekurapa. Vanogona kubatsira kuona kana shanduko dzichibatanidzwa neTMS kana mamiriro ako ari pasi.

Q.3 Ko mhedzisiro yeTMS inogara kwenguva yakareba sei?

Mhedzisiro yeTMS inogona kugara chero kubva kumwedzi mitanhatu kusvika gore rimwe, nevakawanda varwere vachichengetedza kuvandudzwa kwakakosha kwenguva yakareba. Kureba kwebhenefiti kunosiyana zvakanyanya pakati pevanhu uye kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita semamiriro ako chaiwo uye hutano hwese.

Vamwe vanhu vanobatsirwa nemasisheni ekuchengetedza TMS mwedzi mishoma yega yega kuti vachengetedze kuvandudzwa kwavo. Aya marapirwo ekuchengetedza anowanzo shoma kupfuura nzira yekutanga uye anogona kubatsira kudzivirira kudzokera kwezviratidzo.

Kana zviratidzo zvako zvikadzoka mushure mekubudirira kurapwa kweTMS, unogona kazhinji kudzokorora nzira yekurapa nemhedzisiro yakafanana. Varwere vazhinji vanowana kuti nzira dzeTMS dzinotevera dzinoshanda zvakanaka kana zvirinani kupfuura kurapwa kwavo kwekutanga.

Q.4 Ko TMS inovharwa neinishuwarenzi here?

Zvizhinji zvikuru zveinishuwarenzi, kusanganisira Medicare, zvinovhara TMS yekurapa-inodzivisa kuora mwoyo kana zviitiko zvakakosha zvikasangana.

Kazhinji unofanira kunge wakaedza uye wakatadza kushandisa mishonga miviri yakasiyana yekurwisa kuora mwoyo kuti ukwanise kuwana rubatsiro.

Hofisi yachiremba wako inowanzo kubatsira nekuwana mvumo kubva kuinishuwarenzi uye inogona kupa magwaro enhoroondo yako yekurapa. Maitiro ekubvumidzwa anogona kutora mavhiki akati wandei, saka zvakakosha kutanga izvi kare mukuronga kwako kurapwa.

Kune mamiriro ezvinhu asiri kuora mwoyo, rubatsiro rweinishuwarenzi runosiyana zvakanyanya. Zvimwe zvirongwa zvinogona kubhadhara TMS yeOCD kana mamwe mamiriro akabvumidzwa, nepo mamwe angasaite. Nguva dzose tarisa nemupi wako weinishuwarenzi nezve ruzivo rwakadzama rwekubhadhara.

Q.5 Ndingatyaira here mushure mekurapwa kweTMS?

Hongu, unogona kutyaira nekukasira mushure memasesheni ekurapwa kweTMS. Kusiyana nemamwe marapirwo ekuvhenekera uropi, TMS haikanganisi kuziva kwako, kubatana, kana kutonga, saka unogona kutangazve mabasa ako enguva dzose nekukasira.

Varwere vazhinji vanozvityairira kuenda nekudzoka kubva kumisangano yeTMS pasina matambudziko. Kurapa hakukonzere sedation kana kuvhiringidzika, zvichikubvumira kuti uchengetedze purogiramu yako yezuva nezuva.

Zvisinei, kana ukaona kurwadziwa mumusoro mushure mekurapwa, unogona kuda kumirira kusvikira kwapera usati watyaira. Vamwe varwere vanosarudza kuti mumwe munhu avatyairire kumba mushure memasesheni avo ekutanga mashoma kusvikira vaziva kuti vanopindura sei kurapwa.