Okufanele Ukwazi Uma Ushaywa Esipongweni

Ukushaywa esipongweni kungaba yinto esabekayo, futhi kuyinto evamile ukukhathazeka ngokuthi ingabe kuyinto enkulu yini. Isipongweni singesinye sezindawo ezibucayi kakhulu zesihloko sakho, futhi ukushaywa lapho kungase kubangele ukukhathazeka kakhulu kunezinkinga kwezinye izingxenye zekhanda lakho. Ngizokuhamba ngalokho okwenzeka lapho le ndawo ilimala, yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uzibheke, nokuthi nini okufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha.

Kungani Indawo Yesipongweni Ibucayi Kangaka?

Isipongweni sitholakala ohlangothini lwesihloko sakho, phakathi kweso lakho nendlebe yakho. Leli phuzu libalulekile ngoba ithambo lapha lincane kunezindawo eziningi zesihloko sakho. Cabanga ngalo njengokuhlengwa kwemvelo ukuze uvumele imisipha yakho yokuluma ukuthi inamathele futhi isebenze kahle.

Ngaphansi nje kwaleli thambo elincane kukhona umthambo obalulekile wegazi obizwa ngokuthi i-middle meningeal artery. Lo mthambo unikeza igazi ezindaweni zokuvikela ezungeze ubuchopho bakho. Lapho kwenzeka ubunzima lapha, kunesimo esikhulu sokuthinta lo mthambo uma kuqhathaniswa nokushaya ezinye izindawo zekhanda lakho.

Ithambo lokugcina, elakha lesi sifunda, livikela ubuchopho bakho kodwa alinawo umcamelo omningi njengezindawo ezandla noma ezingemuva zesihloko sakho. Lokhu kuhlangana kuchaza ukuthi kungani ochwepheshe bezokwelapha banaka kakhulu ukulimala kwezipongweni.

Kwenzeka Ntoni Lapho Ushaywa Esipongweni?

Izindawo eziningi ezishaywa esipongweni zidala ukulimala okuncane okuyalulama ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Umzimba wakho uhlangabezana nokuphendula ngokushesha lapho ushaywa. Imithambo yegazi ingase yaphuke eduze komhlaba, idale ukuvuvukala nokubomvu eduze kwendawo yokushaywa.

Ubuchopho bakho buhlala ngaphakathi kwesihloko sakho buzungulwa uketshezi olusebenza njengomsizi wokushaqeka. Lapho isipongwo sakho sishaywa, ubuchopho bakho bungase buthuthume kancane ngaphakathi kwalokhu ketshezi. Ezimweni ezilula, le nhlekelele ayibangeli izinkinga ezihlala njalo futhi ubuchopho bakho buyabuyela endaweni yabo ngokwemvelo.

Ama-pain receptors esikhunjeni sakho, imisipha, nokuvala isihloko sakho zithumela izimpawu ngokushesha ngemuva kokushaywa. Lokhu kudala umuzwa wokushaya ongawuzwa ngokushesha. Ukuvuvukala kuyanda njengoba umzimba wakho uthumela igazi elingeziwe nezicubu zomzimba endaweni ukuze uqale inqubo yokululama.

Amandla okushaywa yikho anquma ukuthi kwenzekani ngokulandelayo. Ukushaywa okungasindi kungase kubangele kuphela ubuhlungu besikhashana. Ukushaywa okumaphakathi kungaholela ekucindezelweni okuncane. Ukushaywa okubucayi kukhuphula amathuba ezinkinga ezinkulu ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha.

Yiziphi Izimpawu Okufanele Uzibheke Ngemuva Kokulimala Esipongweni?

Ukazi ukuthi iziphi izimpawu ezibalulekile kukusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi ngabe udinga usizo ngokushesha noma ukubheka isimo ekhaya. Ngikusize uqonde ukuthi umzimba wakho ungase uthi kanjani kuwe ngemuva kokulimala esipongweni.

Ezinye izimpawu zivela ngokushesha, kanti ezinye zivela ngemva kwamahora noma ngisho nezinsuku. Lokhu kuqala ngokubambezeleka kungase kwenzeke ngoba ukopha kwangaphakathi noma ukuvuvukala kuthatha isikhathi ukwakheka ngokwanele ukudala imiphumela ebonakalayo.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile ezivame ukwenzeka ngezimpawu ezilula kuya ezimaphakathi zesipongweni:

• Ubuhlungu noma ukubekezela endaweni yokushaywa okuzizwa kubi kakhulu lapho uyithinta

• Ukuvuvukala noma ibhamu elibonakalayo elivela ngemizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni

• Ukubomvu okungase kuvele njengompunga, okwesibhakabhaka, noma okubomvu okumnyama eduze nesipongweni

• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuncane obuzizwa ubuhlungu noma buhlungu kunokuba buqine

• Ukudideka okuncane ngokushesha ngemuva kokushaywa okuyalulama ngemizuzu embalwa

• Ukuthambekela kokukhanya noma umsindo okuzizwa kunzima okwesikhashana

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuthuthuka kancane kancane emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa njengoba umzimba wakho uyalulama. Zikhombisa ukuthi ukulimala kwakho cishe kulula, yize kufanele uzibheke ngokucophelela kunoma yiziphi izinguquko.

Manje sizokhuluma ngezibonakaliso zokuxwayisa ezikhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka kukhona okubaluleke kakhulu okwenzekayo. Lezi zimpawu zikutshela ukuthi ubuchopho bakho noma imithambo yegazi ezungeze bona kungase kuthinteke kakhulu:

• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obubulalayo obuqhubeka ngcono kunokuba bube ngcono ngokuhamba kwesikhathi

• Ukuhlanza okuphindaphindiwe, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka koku-1 koku-1

• Ukudideka noma ubunzima bokukhumbula izinto ezenzeke ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokulimala

• Ukukhuluma okungacacile noma ubunzima bokuthola amagama afanele lapho ukhuluma

• Izinkinga zokubona ezifana nokubona okungacacile, ukubona okubili, noma ubunzima bokubeka isikhalazo

• Ubuthakathaka noma ukubola ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba wakho

• Ukulahlekelwa ukuqonda, noma ngabe kungokwesikhashana, ngokushesha ngemuva kokushaywa

• Uketshezi olucacile noma olunegazi oluphuma emgodini wekhala lakho noma ezindlebeni zakho

• Izimpumputhe ezibonakala njengezihlukile kusayizi komunye nomunye

• Ukubanjwa noma ukuzamazama okwenzeka ngemuva kokulimala

• Ukulala kakhulu noma ubunzima bokuhlala uvukile

• Izinkinga zokulinganisela ezenza ukuhamba kube nzima

Noma yiziphi lezi zibonakaliso zokuxwayisa zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha. Zinganamehlo ukopha ngaphakathi kwesihloko sakho, ukulimala okukhulu kobuchopho, noma ukulimala kwezinto ezibalulekile. Isikhathi sibalulekile ngezi zimpawu, ngakho ungagcini ukubona ukuthi ziyazithuthukisa yini.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingavamile zifanelwe ukukhulunywa ngokukhethekile ngoba zingavela ngamahora noma ngisho nezinsuku ngemuva kokulimala kwakho. Isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-epidural hematoma singenzeka lapho igazi liqoqana phakathi kwesihloko sakho nokuvala ubuchopho bakho. Ungase uzizwe ujwayelekile ekuqaleni, bese uhlangabezana ne "lucid interval" lapho ubukeka kahle, bese ulandela ukubola okusheshayo okunezimpawu ezimbi, ukudideka, nokulahlekelwa ukuqonda.

Enye into engavamile kungenzeka ihlanganise ukugqashuka kwesihloko esipongweni. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ukucindezeleka noma ukubekwa ungakwazi ukukubona noma ukukuzwa endaweni yokulimala, ukuphuma koketshezi oluqhubekayo, noma ukuvuvukala okusabalala ngemuva kwendlebe yakho noma eduze kwamehlo akho ngendlela efana namehlo wemvubu noma isibonakaliso sempi.

Yiziphi Izinkinga Ezingenzeka?

Izimpawu eziningi zesipongweni ziyalulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezihlala njalo. Noma kunjalo, ukuqonda izinkinga ezingenzeka kukusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi kunesidingo sosizo lwezokwelapha.

Ukucindezelwa kubonisa isinye sezinkinga ezivamile ezivela ekuphathweni okumaphakathi kwesipongweni. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ubuchopho bakho buhlushwa yisifo esikhathazayo ngemuva kokushaywa ngaphakathi kwesihloko sakho. Ungase ubone ubunzima bokubeka isikhalazo, izinguquko zemizwa, noma izinkinga zokulala ezihlala izinsuku kuya amasonto.

Isifo se-Post-concussion sigcina abantu abaningi abangalulami ngokuphelele esikhathini esijwayelekile. Izimpawu ezifana nobuchopho obuhlungu, ukudideka, nezi zinkinga zengqondo zihlala izinyanga. Lesi simo sidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokubekezela njengoba ubuchopho bakho buyalulama.

Nansi izinkinga ezingenzeka ezivela ekulimaleni kwezipongweni, kusukela kwezivame kakhulu kuye kwezingavamile:

• I-Scalp hematoma lapho igazi liqoqana ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho, lidale ibhamu elithambile, elinoketshezi.

• Izinhlungu zokukhathazeka ezivela ekukhathazeni kwemisipha entanyeni nasequlwini lakho

• Ukuthambekela kokukhuthazwa okwenza ukuthi izibani nemisindo ejwayelekile izizwe zibe mnandi

• Izimpawu zokulala okuhlanganisa ukungahlali kahle noma ukulala kakhulu kunokujwayelekile

• Izinguquko zemizwa ezifana nokwanda kokucasuka, ukukhathazeka, noma ukudabuka

• Izinkinga zenkumbulo, ikakhulukazi ngokwenza izinkumbulo ezintsha ngemuva kokulimala

Lezi zinkinga ezivame kakhulu zivame ukuyalulama ngokuphumula nesikhathi, yize zingase zibe zokudumaza lapho zikhona. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza izindlela zokuphatha izimpawu nokubheka ukululama kwakho.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezimbi zidinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha lapho zenzeka. Ngizochaza ukuthi lezi zihlanganisa ini ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani izimpawu ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha.

I-epidural hematoma yenzeka lapho i-middle meningeal artery yaphuka futhi igazi liqoqane ngokushesha phakathi kwesihloko sakho nobuhlungu. Lokhu kudala ingcindezi engaba yingozi yokuphila ngaphakathi kwamahora. Ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukususa igazi nokuyeka ukopha.

I-subdural hematoma ihlanganisa ukopha phakathi kobuchopho bakho nokuvala ubuchopho bakho, ngokuvamile kusukela emithanjeni ephukile. Lokhu kungakheka kancane kancane kune-epidural bleed, ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha izinsuku noma amasonto ukubangela izimpawu. Abadala bahlangabezana nezingozi eziphakeme ngoba imithambo yabo yelula kalula ngeminyaka.

Ukuphuka kwesihloko esipongweni kungaba yimigqa, okusho ukuthi ukugqashuka okulula, noma okucindezelekayo, lapho izingxenye zethambo zicindezele ngaphakathi. Ukugqashuka kweyimigqa kuvame ukuyalulama ngokwayo ngokubheka. Ukugqashuka okucindezelekayo kungase kudinge ukuhlinzwa uma izingcezu zethambo zicindezela ubuchopho bakho noma uma ukugqashuka kungeneka ezindaweni ezibalulekile.

Ukushaywa kobuchopho kungu ukulimala okungathetheki kwi-tissue yakho yobuchopho. Ukushaywa kubangela imithambo emincane yegazi ebuchopheni bakho ukuthi yaphuke, kubangele ukuvuvukala kanye nokulimala okungenzeka kwezicubu zobuchopho kuleyo ndawo. Ukushaywa okubucayi kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukunciphisa ukwakheka okuyingozi.

I-intracranial hemorrhage ibhekisela kunoma iyiphi igazi ngaphakathi kwesihloko sakho elithinta i-tissue yobuchopho ngqo. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zikhona ngokuya ngokuthi igazi lenzeka kuphi. Zonke izindlela zidinga ukubhekwa ngokucophelela futhi zingase kudingeke ukwelashwa ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukulimala unomphela kobuchopho.

Nini Kufanele Ubone Udokotela?

Lo mbuzo unzima lapho uzama ukunquma ukuthi ukulimala kwakho kudinga ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe. Ngikunikeze isiqondiso esicacile sokuthi nini kufanele ufune usizo.

Iya esibhedlela esiphuthumayo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yezimpawu zokuxwayisa engizikhulumile ngaphambili. Ukulahlekelwa ukuqonda, ubuhlungu bekhanda obubulalayo, ukuhlanza okuphindaphindiwe, ukudideka, izinguquko zokubona, noma uketshezi oluphuma emgodini wakho wekhala noma ezindlebeni zakho konke kudinga ukuhlolwa okusheshayo. Ungazishayeli wena uma unezimpawu ezifanayo.

Bona udokotela wakho ojwayelekile zingakapheli usuku noma ezimbili uma unezimpawu ezilula ezikukhathazayo kodwa ezingeyona eziphuthumayo. Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuqhubekayo obuyalulama ngezilwane ezihlaselayo ezithengwa ezitolo, ukudideka okuncane okuzayo nokuhambayo, noma ubunzima bokubeka isikhalazo kufanele kuhlolwe uchwepheshe ngisho noma kudingeka ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Izingane, abadala, kanye nabantu abasebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa igazi badinga izindlela ezimfushane zokufuna usizo. Lezi zimo zihlangabezana nezingozi eziphakeme zezinkinga ezivela ekulimaleni kwamakhanda. Lapho ungabaza ngalezi zigaba, ziya ngaseceleni kokubhekwa.

Uma uzizwa kahle ekuqaleni kodwa izimpawu ezintsha zivela ngamahora noma ezinsukwini ezilandelayo, thintana nomhlinzeki wezempilo ngokushesha. Lokho kuqala ngokubambezelekile engikuchazile kungase kube izinkinga ezingazange zibonakale ngokushesha ngemuva kokulimala kwakho.

Ungayikhathalela Kanjani Ukulimala Okuncane Kwesipongweni Ekhaya?

Uma ukulimala kwakho kulula futhi uqalile ukuthi akukho zinkinga ezimbi, ukunakekelwa kahle ekhaya kuyosekela ukululama futhi kukugcine ukhululekile. Ngizokuhamba ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuphumula kuyinto yakho yokwelashwa ebaluleke kakhulu emahoreni angama-24 kuya kwangama-48 okuqala. Ubuchopho bakho budinga isikhathi sokululama ngisho nokuhlungu okuncane. Gwema imisebenzi edinga ukubeka isikhalazo noma umsebenzi womzimba ngalesi sikhathi sokuqala.

Faka iqhwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokubopha ubuhlungu. Faka iqhwa noma isikhwama esibandayo ethukwini elincane bese usibeka esipongweni sakho imizuzu engu-15 kuye kwengu-20 ngesikhathi. Ungaphinda lokhu njalo ngamahora ambalwa ngosuku lokuqala nezimbili. Ungalokothi ubeke iqhwa ngqo esikhunjeni sakho.

Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu kuvame ukuhlanganisa imithi yokuthengwa ezitolo. I-Acetaminophen isebenza kahle ezinhlungwini zamakhanda ngemuva kokulimala kwamakhanda. Gwema i-ibuprofen, i-aspirin, noma amanye ama-anti-inflammatory drugs emahoreni angama-24 okuqala ngoba angakhuphula ingozi yokopha uma kukhona ukulimala kwangaphakathi ongakwazi ukubona.

Zibheke ngokucophelela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezilandelayo. Gcina inothi engqondweni yezimpawu zakho nokuthi ngabe zithuthuka, zihlala zinjalo, noma ziba zimbi. Ukuba nomuntu ohlola wena njalo emahoreni angama-24 okuqala kunikeza isilinganiso esingeziwe sokuphepha.

Nansi into okufanele uyenze njengoba ululama ekulimaleni okuncane kwesipongweni:

1. Lala kakhulu futhi uphumule ubuchopho bakho ngokunciphisa isikhathi sesikrini nemisebenzi edinga ingqondo

2. Hlala unamanzi ngokungasebenzisa amanzi njalo usuku lonke

3. Yidla ukudla okulula, okunomsoco ngisho noma ungazizwa ulambile

4. Gwema utshwala ngokuphelele kuze kube yilapho ululama ngokuphelele

5. Gcina imisebenzi engozini yokulimala okungeziwe kwamakhanda njengemidlalo yokuxhumana noma ukukhuphuka izitebhisi

6. Buyela kancane kancane emisebenzini ejwayelekile njengoba izimpawu zithuthuka, hhayi zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa

7. Cela usizo emisebenzini edinga ukubeka isikhalazo uma uzizwa ukhanda noma uphuza

Le ndlela ehlelekile inikeza ubuchopho bakho isikhathi sokululama esidingekayo ngenkathi ivimbela ukulimala okungeziwe. Abantu abaningi bazizwa kangcono emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya kwesonto nale nkathalo yokweseka.

Kuthi Ngokuphinde Ubuyela Emisebenzini Ngemuva Kokulimala Kwesipongweni?

Ukazi ukuthi nini lapho ungabuyela khona ngokuphepha emisebenzini yakho ejwayelekile kubalulekile ekululama okuphelele. Ukubuyela ngokushesha kakhulu kungakwenza kube isikhathi eside izimpawu noma kukhulise ingozi yakho yokulimala okungeziwe.

Linda kuze kube yilapho zonke izimpawu zakho ziyalulama ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokubuyela emisebenzini engozi enkulu. Uma usazobona ubuhlungu bekhanda, ukudideka, noma izinkinga zokubeka isikhalazo, awukakulungeli imidlalo, ukuzivocavoca okunzima, noma imisebenzi edinga ukusabela okusheshayo nokuxhumana.

Ukubuyela esikoleni nasemsebenzini kufanele kwenzeke kancane kancane. Ungase udinge ukuqala ngezinsuku ezimfushane noma izibopho ezincishisiwe uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zengqondo ezisalayo. Ubuchopho bakho basebenza kanzima ngemisebenzi yengqondo, futhi ukukhathazeka kakhulu kungakwenza kube zimbi izimpawu noma kuye kancane ukululama.

Abasubathi badinga ukugunyazwa kwezokwelapha ngaphambi kokubuyela emidlalweni. Umhlinzeki wezempilo onolwazi lokuphatha ukucindezelwa kufanele akuhlole futhi akuhambe phambili ekubuyeleni kwakho emidlalweni. Lokhu kuvame ukuhlanganisa ukukhulisa kancane kancane izinga lomsebenzi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngenkathi ubheka izimpawu.

Ukushayela kudinga ukuhlakanipha okuhle, ukusabela okusheshayo, nokubeka isikhalazo okuhlala njalo. Ungashayeli uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi ukudideka, izinkinga zokubona, ukusabela okuncane, noma uma usebenzisa imithi ebanga ukulala. Linda kuze kube yilapho uzizwa ulibuyele ngokuphelele endaweni evamile futhi unokwethemba emakhono akho.

Ungayivimbela Kanjani Ukulimala Kwesipongweni?

Ngenkathi izingozi zenzeka, izinyathelo ezithile zokuvikela zinciphisa ingozi yakho yokuhlukumezeka kwesipongweni. Izindlela zokuvimbela zisebenza ezindaweni ezahlukene lapho ukulimala kwamakhanda kuvame ukwenzeka.

Gqoka imishini yokuvikela efanele ngesikhathi semidlalo nemisebenzi yokuzijabulisa. Ama-helmet akhelwe umsebenzi wakho othile anikeza ukuvikelwa okubalulekile. Qinisekisa ukuthi ama-helmet afanele futhi ahlangabezana namazinga okuvikela omsebenzi wakho.

Izinguquko zokuphila ekhaya zivimbela ukuwa, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nabadala. Qinisekisa ama-rugs ahlekayo, thuthukisa ukukhanyisa emaphaseji nasezitebhisini, faka izibambo zamagumbi okuhlamba izindlu, futhi usebenzise amageti phezulu nasenzansi kwezitebhisi ezinyane.

Ukuvikela izimoto kuqala ngokuhlala usebenzisa ibhande lakho lokuphepha. Sebenzisa izihlalo zezimoto ezifanele ezinyane ngokuya ngobudala, ubude, nesisindo sabo. Ama-airbag anikeza ukuvikelwa okungeziwe ezingozini, yize izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-13 kufanele zihlezi esihlalweni sangemuva.

Ukuvikela emsebenzini kuhlanganisa ukulandela izindlela eziqondise ukuvimbela ukulimala kwamakhanda. Gqoka ama-hard hat ezindaweni zokwakha, sebenzisa imishini efanele lapho usebenza ezindaweni eziphakeme, futhi ugcine ukwazi ngendawo yakho ezindaweni lapho kukhona izingozi zokuhlukumezeka kwamakhanda.

Yini Okubaluleke Kakhulu Ngokulimala Kwezipongweni?

Ukushaywa esipongweni kubangela ukukhathazeka ngenxa yokuhlangana kwale ndawo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izimpawu eziningi zesipongweni ziyalulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga lapho zihlolwa futhi ziphathwa kahle.

Themba imizwa yakho mayelana nokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha. Uma kukhona okuzizwa kungalungile noma izimpawu zikukhathaza, ukuhlolwa kukunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkinga ezimbi zitholwa kusenesikhathi. Odokotela bazokhetha ukukubona nokukudumisa kunokuba ulinde usizo lwezinto ezidinga ukwelashwa.

Ukululama kudinga ukubekezela, ikakhulukazi uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokucindezelwa. Ubuchopho bakho budinga isikhathi sokululama ngokugcwele, futhi ukwenza inqubo ibe ngokushesha kungakubuyisela emuva. Landela isiqondiso somhlinzeki wezempilo futhi uzinikeze imvume yokuphumula nokululama ngezinga umzimba wakho udinga.

Izindlela zokuvimbela zinganciphisa ingozi yakho yezimpawu zesikhathi esizayo, kodwa khumbula ukuthi izingozi ngezinye izikhathi zenzeka naphezu kwemizamo yethu engcono kakhulu. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ungaphendula kanjani lapho kwenzeka, ubone izimpawu zokuxwayisa ezidinga ukunakekelwa, futhi uzinakekele ngesikhathi sokululama.