Ingakanani Imikhuhlane Igcina Ngayo? Isikhathi Esiphelele & Umhlahlandlela Wokuphila

NGAMAFUPI:

• Izimo eziningi zomkhuhlane zihlala izinsuku ezingu-5 kuya kwezingu-7 kubantu abadala abanempilo, yize ukukhathala kungahlala isikhathi eside.
• Uyasulela kusukela ngosuku olungu-1 ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu ziqale kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-5-7 ngemuva kokuba izimpawu ziqalile.
• Hlala ekhaya okungenani amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuba umkhuhlane wakho uphelile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imithi yokudambisa umkhuhlane.

Iyini Imikhuhlane (Influenza)?

Imikhuhlane, ifushane nge-influenza, isifo sokuphefumula esithelelekayo esibangelwa amagciwane e-influenza angena emgodini womoya wakho, emphinjeni, namaphaphu. Ngokungafani nomkhuhlane ojwayelekile, oluthuthuka kancane futhi oluvame ukuba lulula, umkhuhlane uqala ngokuzumayo futhi ungakwenza uzizwe ugula kakhulu.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zamagciwane e-influenza athinta abantu. I-Influenza A kanye ne-B ibanga izinduna zomkhuhlane ezibonwa njalo ebusika, ezinamaphawu asukela kokulula kuye kokubi. I-Influenza C ijwayele ukudala izimpawu zokuphefumula ezilula futhi ayibanga izinduna. Lapho ochwepheshe bezempilo bekhuluma nge-"isikhathi somkhuhlane," bavame ukubhekisa kumagciwane e-influenza A kanye ne-B.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umkhuhlane uhlukile ku-COVID 19, yize unezimpawu ezifanayo. Zombili yizifo zokuphefumula, kodwa zibangelwa amagciwane ahlukene futhi zingadinga imithi ehlukile. Umkhuhlane futhi awufani nokuthi "umkhuhlane wesisu" (gastroenteritis), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abantu abaningi bacabangani.

Ingakanani Imikhuhlane Igcina Ngayo?

Ezindala eziningi ezinempilo, umkhuhlane uhlala cishe izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Nokho, isikhathi esiphelele singahluka ngokususela ezintweni eziningana, okubandakanya iminyaka yakho, impilo yakho yonke, nokuthi uthole yini umgonyo womkhuhlane.

Nansi into ongayilindela ngesikhathi sokugula kwakho:

Izinsuku 1-4 ngemuva kokuchayeka: Lesi yisikhathi sokufukama lapho usungathelwa khona kodwa ungabonisi izimpawu. Ungase ube ngumuthi kulesi sikhathi ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi uyagula.

Izinsuku 1-2 zezimpawu: Umkhuhlane uvame ukuqala ngokuzumayo. Ungavuka uzizwa kahle futhi uphathwe kabi kakhulu ntambama. Umkhuhlane, ukugijima, izinhlungu zomzimba, nokukhathala kuqala ngamandla kulesi sigaba.

Izinsuku 3-4: Lezi zinsuku kuvame ukuba nzima kakhulu. Umkhuhlane wakho ungase ufinyelele esiqongweni, futhi izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela, ukuqaqa umphimbo, nokuminyana komoya kuyoba zinkulu.

Izinsuku 5-7: Iningi labantu liqala ukuzizwa lingcono kulesi sikhathi. Umkhuhlane wakho uvame ukudlula, futhi izimpawu ziyathuthuka kancane kancane. Nokho, ukukhwehlela nokukhathala kungahlala.

Isonto lesi-2 nangaphezulu: Yize izimpawu ezibucayi zivame ukudlula phakathi nesonto, abantu abaningi baqhubeka nokuzizwa bekhathele futhi bevinjelwe kuze kube amasonto amabili ngemuva kokutheleleka. Lokhu kukhathala okuhlala njalo kuvamile ngokuphelele.

Izinto ezimbalwa zingathinta ukuthi umkhuhlane wakho uhlala isikhathi esingakanani. Uma uthole umgonyo womkhuhlane, izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zilula futhi zibe sifushane. Abantwana abancane, abadala abangaphezu kuka-65, abesifazane abakhulelwe, nabantu abanezimo zezempilo ezingapheli njenge-asthma, isifo sikashukela, noma izifo zenhliziyo bangase babe nezimpawu isikhathi eside. Isikhathi sokwelashwa siyabaluleka ukuqala imithi ye-antiviral ngaphambi kwamahora angama-48 okuqala kwezimpawu kungasiza ekunciphiseni isikhathi sokugula kwakho.

Yiziphi Izimpawu Zomkhuhlane?

Izimpawu Eziyinhloko: Umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, ukugijima, ukukhwehlela

Izimpawu Zokuphefumula: Ukuqaqa umphimbo, ukuminyana komoya, ikhala eligijimayo

Izimpawu Zomzimba Wonke: Ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka

Izimpawu Ezimbalwa: Ukuhlanza nokuhambisa umoya (ikakhulukazi ezinganeni)

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi komkhuhlane ojwayelekile nomkhuhlane uwubukhulu kanye nokuqala okungazelelwe kwezimpawu. Ngenkathi umkhuhlane ojwayelekile uthuthuka kancane kancane phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, umkhuhlane uqala ngamandla futhi uvame ukudala ukugula okunzima. Izimpawu zomkhuhlane ojwayelekile zilula futhi kungavamile ukubandakanya umkhuhlane noma izinhlungu ezinkulu zomzimba.

Ngingaba Ngumuthi Isikhathi Esingakanani Uma NgineGciwane Lomkhuhlane?

Ukuqonda ukuthi ungasuleka nini kubalulekile ukuvikela abakuzungezile. Isikhathi sokusulelana komkhuhlane side kunalokho abantu abaningi abacabanga ngakho.

Ungase uqale ukusakaza igciwane lomkhuhlane ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba ubonise izimpawu. Yingakho umkhuhlane usakazeka kalula kangaka - abantu basulela abanye ngaphandle kokwazi ngaphambi kokuba baze bazi ukuthi bayagula.

Lapho izimpawu zakho ziqala ukuvela, uhlala usulela cishe izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Uyathathelana kakhulu phakathi kwezinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine zokuqala zokugula kwakho lapho ukukhishwa kwamagciwane kuseqophelweni eliphezulu.

Nokho, izigaba ezithile zihlala zitheleleka isikhathi eside. Abantwana abancane nezingane bangasakaza umkhuhlane isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngemuva kokuba izimpawu ziqale. Abantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezibuthakathaka bangahlala bethelele amasonto. Lesi sikhathi eside sokusulelana yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela, ikakhulukazi ebantwini abasengcupheni.

Umkhuhlane usakazeka ikakhulukazi ngama-droplets okukhwehlela ngethusi lapho abantu abathelene nabo bekhwehlela, bethimula, noma bekhuluma. Lezi zingqimba zingase ziwela emilonyeni noma emakhaleni abantu abaseduze. Ngokungavamile, ungathola umkhuhlane ngokuthinta indawo engcoliswe igciwane bese uzithinta umlomo wakho, ikhala, noma amehlo.

Ngingabuya Nini Emsebenzini Ngemuva Komkhuhlane Ngaphandle Kokuthelela Abanye?

Lona omunye wemibuzo esebenza kakhulu abantu abanayo ngesikhathi sokuphila komkhuhlane. Umthetho ojwayelekile odalulwe yi-CDC uthi hlala ekhaya okungenani amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuba umkhuhlane wakho uphelile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imithi yokudambisa umkhuhlane njenge-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen.

Nansi incazelo yalesi sikhathi: Umkhuhlane wakho uyisibonakaliso sokuthi umzimba wakho ulwa nokutheleleka, futhi kungenzeka usakhishwa kakhulu amagciwane. Uma umkhuhlane wakho udlula ngokwemvelo (ngaphandle kwemithi) futhi uhlala uphumile usuku olugcwele, ukutheleleka kwakho kuye kwehle kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kokubuyela emsebenzini noma esikoleni, qiniseka ukuthi umkhuhlane wakho uphelile ngokuphelele okungenani amahora angama-24 ngaphandle kokuthatha noma yimiphi imithi yokudambisa umkhuhlane, izimpawu zakho zithuthukile kakhulu (hhayi konke kuphelile, kodwa kakhulu), uzizwa ukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho evamile ngaphandle kokukhathala, futhi awukhwehli noma uthimule njalo.

Ezinye izindawo zokusebenza zingase zibe nezinqubomgomo ezithile, ikakhulukazi uma usebenza kwezempilo, ezokudla, noma nabantu abasengcupheni njengezingane noma abantu abadala. Lezi zindawo zingase zidinge ukuthi uhlale ekhaya isikhathi eside noma uthole imvume yezokwelapha ngaphambi kokubuyela.

Lapho ubuyela, qhubeka nokwenza inhlanzeko enhle. Geza izandla zakho njalo, vala ukukhwehlela ngethusi noma ingalo yakho, futhi ucabange ukugqoka imaski uma usenazo ezinye izimpawu zokuphefumula. Gwema ukuxhumana eduze nabalingani emihlanganweni, futhi ube nomgomo wokuhlanza indawo yakho yokusebenza.

Unjani Umkhuhlane Ophathwa Ngayo?

Kubantu abaningi, ukuphathwa komkhuhlane kugxile ekuphathweni kwezimpawu nasekukwenzeni uhlelo lwakho lokuzivikela lwenze umsebenzi walo. Nokho, imithi ye-antiviral ingase imiswe ezimweni ezithile.

Udokotela wakho angase amisele imithi ye-antiviral njenge-oseltamivir (Tamiflu), i-zanamivir (Relenza), i-peramivir (Rapivab), noma i-baloxavir marboxil (Xofluza) uma usengcupheni enkulu yezinkinga, ube nezimpawu isikhathi esingaphansi kwamahora angama-48, ube nezimpawu ezibucayi, noma uhlala nabantu abasengcupheni enkulu.

Ekhaya, gxila ekuphumuleni okuningi umzimba wakho udinga ukulala ukuze ulwe nokutheleleka. Hlala uphethwe amanzi ngokwanele ngokuphuza amanzi, isobho, noma itiye elifudumele. Sebenzisa imithi eyithengisa ezitolo ezifana ne-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen ukudambisa umkhuhlane nokukhulula izinhlungu. Faka ama-hot pack noma uthathe ukugeza okufudumele ukuze unciphise izinhlungu zemisipha. Sebenzisa ama-decongestant ekhaleni eliminyene nezilawuli zokukhwehlela noma ama-expectorant njengoba kudingeka.

Ubani Osengcupheni Engeziwe Yomkhuhlane Obucayi?

• Abantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 (ikakhulukazi abangaphansi kweminyaka emi-2)
• Abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe
• Abantu abanezimo ezingapheli (i-asthma, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo)
• Abantu abanezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezibuthakathaka
• Abantu abane-BMI engaphezu kuka-30

Unjani Umkhuhlane Ophathwa Ngayo?

• Imithi ye-Antiviral: Nini futhi kungani imisiwe
• Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
• Zanamivir (Relenza)
• Peramivir (Rapivab)
• Baloxavir marboxil (Xofluza)
• Amasu okunakekelwa ekhaya:
• Izidingo zokuphumula nokulala
• Izincomo zokuphuza amanzi
• Imithi eyithengisa ezitolo
• Imithi yendabuko nokunakekelwa okusekelayo

Yiziphi Izinkinga Ezingenzeka?

Iningi labantu lithola impilo enhle kumkhuhlane ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu. Nokho, izinkinga zingenzeka, kusukela kokulula kuye kokusongela impilo. Izinkinga ezingalingani zifaka izifo ze-sinus nezifo zendlebe. Izinkinga ezinkulu zifaka i-pneumonia (engabangelwa igciwane lomkhuhlane ngokwalo noma izifo zamagciwane ezingezansi), i-bronchitis, i-myocarditis (ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo), i-encephalitis (ukuvuvukala kobuchopho), kanye ne-myositis (ukuvuvukala kwemisipha).

Uma uba nobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukushoda komoya, ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo esifubeni noma ingcindezi, isiyezi esiqhubekayo noma ukudideka, ukuzivimbela, izinhlungu ezinzima zemisipha noma ubuthakathaka, umkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-103°F ongadambisi ngemithi, noma umkhuhlane ohlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ngingavimbela Kanjani Umkhuhlane?

Indlela eyodwa eyongqongqo yokuvimbela umkhuhlane ukuthola umgonyo womkhuhlane minyaka yonke. Umgonyo womkhuhlane ubuyekezwa njalo ngonyaka ukuze uvikele ezinhlotsheni eziningi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.

Ngaphandle kokugonywa, yenza inhlanzeko enhle yezandla ngokugeza izandla njalo ngensipho nawo amanzi imizuzwana engu-20 okungenani. Gwema ukuthinta ubuso bakho, ikakhulukazi amehlo, ikhala, nomlomo wakho. Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo uma kungenzeka. Hlanza izindawo ezithintwa njalo njengezibambo zezicabha, omakhalekhukhwini, nama-keyboards. Gcina indlela yokuphila enempilo ngokulala okwanele, ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokuphatha ingcindezi ukuze usekele uhlelo lwakho lokuzivikela.

Ngangibona Nini Udokotela?

Iningi labantu lingaphola kumkhuhlane ekhaya ngokulala nokuphathwa kwezimpawu. Nokho, kufanele uthinte umhlinzeki wezempilo uma unesimo sempilo esiyisisekelo esikubeka engcupheni enkulu, izimpawu zakho azithuthuki ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi, umkhuhlane wakho uhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu, ukhulelwe futhi ubonise izimpawu zomkhuhlane, noma ubonisa noma yiziphi izibonakaliso zokuxwayisa eziphuthumayo ezishiwo ngenhla.

U-August, umsizi wezempilo onikwa amandla yi-AI, angakusiza ukuthi uhlole izimpawu zakho futhi unqume ukuthi udinga yini usizo lwezokwelapha, yize kubalulekile njalo ukubonisana nochwepheshe wezempilo ukuze uthole ukuxilonga nokwelashwa.

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Isiphetho

Umkhuhlane uvame ukuhlala izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa ezindala eziningi ezinempilo, kodwa ukuqonda isikhathi sakho esiphelele kusukela lapho uqala ukusulelana kuze kube yilapho ungabuyela ngokuphepha emisebenzini evamile kubalulekile kokubili ukuphila kwakho nokuvikela abanye. Khumbula ukuthi uyasulela ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu ziqale futhi ungadlulisa igciwane kuze kube yisonto ngemuva kokugula. Umthetho wezinsuku ezingama-24 ongaboni umkhuhlane ungumhlahlandlela wakho omkhulu wokwazi ukuthi kuphephile yini ukubuyela emsebenzini noma esikoleni.

Ngenkathi umkhuhlane ungakwenza uzizwe kabi, iningi labantu lithola impilo enhle ngokulala, uketshezi, nokuphathwa kwezimpawu. Naka umzimba wakho, zinike isikhathi sokululama ngokuphelele, futhi ungaphuthumi ukubuyela kumhlahlandlela wakho ojwayelekile ngokushesha kakhulu. Uma usengcupheni enkulu yezinkinga noma izimpawu zakho ziwohloka, ungathandabuzi ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha.