Izindlela Zokulawula Ukuzala Ezine-Estrogen Ephansi: Izinhlobo, Umthamo, Nokuphepha

Yiziphi izindlela zokulawula ukuzala ezine-estrogen ephansi?

Amabhilidi ahlangene ane-estrogen ephansi avamise ukuba nama-micrograms angama-35 (mcg) noma ngaphansi e-ethinyl estradiol. Izibonelo zihlanganisa lezo ezine-20-35 mcg e-ethinyl estradiol ehambisana ne-progestins njenge-levonorgestrel, i-norgestimate, noma i-drospirenone, kanye nezinketho eziphansi kakhulu njenge-Lo Loestrin Fe (10 mcg). Amabhilidi ane-progestin kuphela awanawo ne-estrogen nhlobo.

Ingabe izindlela zokulawula ukuzala ezine-estrogen ephansi zingcono ngeziphumo ezivela ohlangothini?

Amabhilidi ane-estrogen ephansi avamise ukubangela imiphumo emibi ehlobene ne-estrogen encane (ukugabha, izinhlungu zekhanda, ubuhlungu besifuba, ingozi yokuhlangana kwegazi) kubantu abaningi, nakuba abanye bengase bathole ukopha okungavamile. Izindlela ezine-progestin kuphela zigwema i-estrogen ngokuphelele, okungasiza uma unokuzwela noma usengcupheni enkulu yezinkinga ezihlobene ne-estrogen.

Ukuhlanganiswa Ne-Progestin Kuphela: Ukuqonda Izinhlobo Ezimbili Ezinkulu

Uma sikhuluma ngamabhilidi okulawula ukuzala, avame ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili ezinkulu. Ukuqonda umehluko kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokukhetha indlela efanele yakho.

Amabhilidi Ahlangene: Ababili Abanamandla

Njengoba igama libonisa, amabhilidi ahlangene aqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili zamahomoni: uhlobo olwenziwe lwe-estrogen (uvame kube yi-ethinyl estradiol) ne-progestin. Ndawonye, ​​avame ukusebenza ngokuvimbela ukuvunduluka—ukukhishwa kweqanda emalweni akho. Aphinde enze umchamo wesibeletho ube namandla kakhulu ukuze kube nzima ngamasondo ukufinyelela iqanda futhi enze umugqa wesibeletho sakho ube mncane [umthombo].

Lapho uzwa igama elithi “low-dose,” kuvame ukubhekiselwa kulawa mabhilidi. Nansi imininingwane esheshayo ngamazinga e-estrogen:

• I-Low Dose: Inama-micrograms angama-35 (mcg) e-estrogen noma ngaphansi.
• I-Ultra Low Dose: Inama-micrograms angama-20 (mcg) e-estrogen noma ngaphansi.

Kukhona ngisho nesigaba esisha esinama-estrogen amancane kakhulu, okwenza sibe yisinqumo esithandwayo kulabo abazwela kakhulu kumahomoni.

Amabhilidi Ane-Progestin Kuphela (POPs noma i-"Mini Pill")

Uma i-estrogen ikukhathaza, hlangana ne-mini pill. Amabhilidi ane-progestin kuphela (POPs) aqukethe, njengoba usuqagelile, i-progestin kuphela futhi awanawo ne-estrogen nhlobo. Awasebenzi ngendlela efanayo namabhilidi ahlangene. Kunokuba ayeke ukuvunduluka ngokuqiniseka (nakuba ngezinye izikhathi eyenza lokho), umsebenzi wawo omkhulu ukuqinisa umchamo wesibeletho, ukudala ibala lapho amasondo angakwazi khona ukungena.

Lokhu kwenza izindlela zokulawula ukuzala ezingenayo i-estrogen zibe yisinqumo esihle kakhulu kubantu abangakwazi noma abakhetha ukungasebenzisi i-estrogen ngenxa yezizathu zempilo ezifana nomlando wokuhlangana kwegazi, izinhlobo ezithile zezinhlungu zekhanda ezinzima, noma ngoba bancelisa ingane.

Ukubheka Izinketho Zakho: Izimpawu Zemikhiqizo Yokulawula Ukuzala Ezine-Estrogen Ephansi

Ukuhamba eshalofini lekhemisi kungadala ukudideka. Ukusiza, sihlanganise amanye amabhilidi amaningi ane-hormone ephansi ngezigaba ukuze wazi amagama okufanele uwafune.

Ibhilidi Elihlanganisiwe Elinama-Dose Aphansi Kakhulu (10 mcg)

Kulabo abafuna izinga eliphansi kakhulu le-estrogen ebhilidini elihlanganisiwe, lesi yisinqumo esihamba phambili.

• Lo Loestrin Fe: Lena yiyona kuphela ibhidi le-estrogen elingu-10 mcg emakethe njengamanje. I-Lo Loestrin Fe iyindlela ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngendlela yokulawula ukuzala esebenza kahle nenani elincane le-estrogen, elingasiza ekwehliseni imiphumo emibi ehlobene namahomoni. Igama elithi “Fe” libonisa ukuthi amabhilidi ambalwa okugcina ephaketheni ayizithako zensimbi ukuze kusizwe ukuvimbela i-anemia, kunokuba kube amabhilidi angasebenzi.

Amabhilidi Ahlangene Ane-Low-Dose (20-35 mcg)

Lena yiyona sigaba esijwayelekile kakhulu samabhilidi okulawula ukuzala anikezwa njengamanje. Ahlinzeka ngokulinganisela okuhle kokusebenza kahle kanye nemiphumela emibi engaphathwa kahle kubasebenzisi abaningi.

• Yaz neYasmin: Zombili i-Yaz / Yasmin ziqukethe izinhlobo ezifanayo zamahomoni, kodwa i-Yaz inezinga eliphansi kancane le-estrogen (20 mcg) uma iqhathaniswa ne-Yasmin (30 mcg). Zisebenzisa i-progestin ebizwa nge-drospirenone, eyaziwa futhi ngokusiza nge-acne kanye nesifo esibi kakhulu sokudangala ngaphambi kokubuyelwa esikhathini (PMDD) [umthombo].
• Apri, Aviane, Levora, Ortho Novum: Lezi zonke izimpawu ezaziwayo eziwela esigabeni samabhilidi ahlangene ane-low dose, ngokuvamile aqukethe phakathi kwama-20 kuya ku-35 mcg e-estrogen.

Amabhilidi Ane-Progestin Kuphela (“Mini-Pills”)

Ngokweluleka umlomo ongazange ube ne-estrogen, lezi yizinketho zakho eziyinhloko.

• Camila, Errin, Heather, Nora-BE: Lezi zonke izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-mini pill. Ziqukethe i-progestin i-norethindrone futhi ziphuzwa njalo ngosuku ngaphandle kweviki le-placebo.
• Opill: Iyimodeli egugu kakhulu ekulawuleni ukuzala, i-Opill birth control iyibhidi lokuqala elingasebenza njalo elamukelwa yi-FDA ukuba lithengiswe ngaphandle kadokotela (OTC) e-United States [umthombo]. Kuyibhidi eline-progestin kuphela, okwenza ukulawula ukuzala kwamahomoni kufinyeleleke kakhulu kunangaphambili. Ukutholakala kwe-Opill birth control kuyisinyathelo esikhulu esiya phambili empilweni yezocansi.

Izinzuzo: Ukuhlanganisa Izixazululo Zokulawula Ukuzala Ezine-Estrogen Ephansi

Kungani abantu abaningi benza ushintsho? Izinzuzo zokulawula ukuzala okunama-estrogen aphansi ziqinisekisa, ngaphezu kokuvimbela ukukhulelwa.

• Ukuvimbela Ukukhulelwa Okusebenza Kakhulu: Ake siqale ngenhloso eyinhloko. Lapho ziphuzwa kahle, amabhilidi ane-low-dose kanye ne-progestin kuphela asebenza kakhulu ngaphezu kwama-99% ekuvimbela ukukhulelwa [umthombo].
• Imiphumela Emibi Ehlobene Ne-Estrogen Encane: Kubanye, amazinga aphezulu e-estrogen angabangela ukugabha, ubuhlungu besifuba, nokudumba. Ukwehlisa umthamo kunganciphisa kakhulu lezi zinkinga.
• Izikhathi Ezingabuyeli, EziJwayelekile: Amabhilidi amaningi ahlangene angakwenza izikhathi zakho zifushane, zibe lula, futhi zibe nokuqagelwa. Aphinde anikezwe njalo ukuphatha izimo ezifana ne-endometriosis kanye ne-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
• Izinkinga Zempilo Ezincishisiwe: Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwamabhilidi ahlangene kuye kwabonakala kunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola umdlavuza wama-ovari kanye nowesibeletho, ama-cysts ama-ovari, kanye nesifo sokuvuvukala komgodi womthondo (PID) [umthombo].
• Kuphephile Kubantu Abaningi Kakhulu (POPs): Ngoba awanawo i-estrogen, amabhilidi ane-progestin kuphela ayisinqumo esiphephile kubantu abancelisa ingane, abahlangabezane nenkinga yokuhlangana kwegazi, abanezimpawu zokwelashwa ezingalawuleki, noma abahlushwa yizinhlungu zekhanda ezine-aura. Aphinde abe yisinqumo esivamile sokulawula ukuzala ngesikhathi se-perimenopause.

Ama-Cons: Imiphumela Emibi kanye Nezinkinga Okufanele Zicatshangelwe

Impela, akukho mphumela womuthi ophelele. Kubalulekile ukwazi imiphumela emibi yokulawula ukuzala okunama-estrogen aphansi kanye nezinkinga ezikhona ngaphambi kokuqala noma yiliphi ibhilidi elisha.

• Ukopha Okungavamile (Ukubona): Lena imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngamabhilidi ane-ultra low dose namabhilidi ane-progestin kuphela. Umzimba wakho ungase udinge izinyanga ezimbalwa ukuze uvumelane, lapho ungase ubone khona ukopha noma ukubona phakathi kwezikhathi.
• Imiphumela Ejwayelekile: Ezinye iziphumo ezingenzeka zihlanganisa izinhlungu zekhanda, ukugabha, ukushintsha kwemizwa, kanye nokushintsha kwesisindo. Lezi zivame ukuzolula ngemuva kwezinyanga zokuqala ezi-2-3 njengoba umzimba wakho uvumelana.
• Izingozi Ezinkulu Zamabhilidi Ahlangene: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele icatshangelwe. Ngisho ne-estrogen ye-low-dose ikhuphula ingozi yokuthola igazi elihlanganayo, elingaholela ekuhlanganganeni kwegazi emthanjeni omkhulu (DVT), ukuvaleka komthambo wokuphefumula, isifo sohlanga, noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Nakuba ingozi enkulu incane kubantu abaphephile, kuyinto ebalulekile ukuyixoxa nodokotela wakho.
• Umlomo Womthetho Wesikhathi Samabhilidi Ane-Progestin Kuphela: I-mini pill ayixoleli njengamabhilidi ahlangene. Kufanele iphuzwe ngaphakathi kwewindi elifanayo lamahora amathathu njalo ngosuku ukuze isebenze. Uma uphuza sekwedlule isikhathi, uzodinga ukusebenzisa indlela eyisipele yokulawula ukuzala.

Ingabe Izindlela Zokulawula Ukuzala Ezine-Estrogen Ephansi Zilungile Kuwe?

Ngakho-ke, ubani ongumuntu ofanelekayo? Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ubani okufanele agweme?

Ibhilidi eline-ultra low dose birth control njenge-10 mcg estrogen pill lingaba yisinqumo esihle kakhulu uma uzwela kakhulu emiphumeleni ye-estrogen. Ngokufanayo, uma ufuna ukulawula ukuzala ngesikhathi se-perimenopause ukusiza ukulawula izikhathi zakho, idosi eliphansi linganikezwa udokotela wakho.

Nokho, kukhona izimo ezingavunyelwe ngokucacile kunoma yiliphi ibhilidi eline-estrogen. Akufanele usebenzise amabhilidi ahlangene ane-low dose uma:

• Ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 futhi ubhema ugwayi.
• Unomlando wokuhlangana kwegazi, isifo sohlanga, noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
• Unengcindezi yegazi ephezulu engalawuleki.
• Unomlando wezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, njengomdlavuza webele.
• Uhluza izinhlungu zekhanda ezine-aura.

Uma noma yikuphi kwalokhu kusebenza kuwe, indlela ye-progestin kuphela noma indlela engenawo amahomoni kuyisinqumo esiphephile kakhulu.

Ungakhohlwa Izindlela Ezingenawo Amahomoni

Nakuba le mhlahlandlela igxile ekulawuleni ukuzala okunama-estrogen aphansi, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi nawe unezinketho ezinhle ezingenawo amahomoni.

• I-Copper IUD (ParaGard): Le divaysi encane, emise okwe-T ifakwa esibelethweni sakho ngumhlinzeki wezempilo futhi ingavimbela ukukhulelwa kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10. Ayinawo nhlobo amahomoni.
• Izindlela Zokuvikela: Amakhondomu, ama-diaphragm, namakepisi esibeletho konke kuyasebenza, izindlela ezitholakala ngokushesha ezingabandakanyi amahomoni. Futhi, amakhondomu yiwona kuphela indlela evikela nezifo ezidluliselwa ngokocansi (STIs).

Isiphetho Sokugcina: Khuluma Nodokotela Wakho

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukukuthatha ukuthi: indlela yokulawula ukuzala “engcono kakhulu” yileyo evumelana kahle futhi ngokuphepha empilweni yakho. Ukuqonda izinzo zezindlela zokulawula ukuzala okunama-estrogen aphansi kanye nezinkinga ezingenzeka kuyisinyathelo sakho sokuqala.

Isinyathelo sakho esilandelayo, esibaluleke kakhulu, ukubhuka isikhathi nodokotela noma udokotela wezifo zabesifazane. Bangabuyekeza umlando wakho wezempilo, baxoxe ngendlela yokuphila kanye nezintandokazi zakho, futhi bakusize ukhethe indlela yokulawula ukuzala ekwenza uzizwe uphephile, ukhululekile, futhi ulawula.