Yini i-Super Gonorrhea? | Izimpawu Nokwelashwa

Yini Ngempela i-Super Gonorrhea?

Yilesi sifo esifanayo esibangelwa yi-bacterium efanayo, i-Neisseria gonorrhoeae, kodwa le nguqulo ethile isiguqukele ukuthi ikwazi ukubekezelela imithi eyayinqoba kalula. Cabanga ngayo njengomphathi wegeyimu yevidiyo ofunde ukuvimba ukuhlaselwa okujwayelekile, okukudinga ukuthi uthole isu elisha.

Lokhu akulona ushintsho olunye. Ama-bacteria angemuva kwe-gonorrhea anomlando omude wokudlula izikhali zethu zezokwelapha. - Ngeminyaka yama-1940, yakwazi ukumelana nama-sulfonamide.

• Yabe isiguqukela ngalé kwe-penicillin ne-tetracycline.

• Muva nje, yaqala ukubonisa ukumelana nama-azithromycin nama-ciprofloxacin umthombo.

Leli phuzu lokumelana kwe-Neisseria gonorrhoeae yilo elisiholele enkingeni yamanje ye-drug resistant gonorrhea. Njalo lapho ukwelashwa kuba nokungasebenzi kangako, sisondele ezifweni ezinzima kakhulu ukuzilawula.

Yiziphi Izimpawu ze-Super Gonorrhea?

Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu: Izimpawu ze-super gonorrhea zifana kanye kanye nezimpawu ze-gonorrhea evamile, eyelaphekayo.

Ingxenye ethi "super" ayisho izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu noma ezihlukile. Isho kuphela ikhono lesifo lokumelana nama-antibiotic. Isici esihlukanisayo akuyona indlela ozizwa ngayo ekuqaleni, kodwa yilokho okwenzeka ngemuva kokuthola ukwelashwa okujwayelekile. Uma izimpawu zakho ziqhubeka, zibuyela ngemuva kokuphela komuthi wakho, noma ukuhlolwa kwakho okukubuyekezayo kuseyingakabalele, ungase ubhekane nohlobo lwe-antibiotic resistant gonorrhea.

Ngoba izimpawu zifana, kubalulekile ukuzibona kusenesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi ikakhulukazi abesifazane bangase bangabi nazimpawu, okusho ukuthi ababonisi zibonakaliso nhlobo umthombo. Lokhu kwenza ukuhlolwa njalo kwe-STI kubantu abasezingeni eliphezulu ngokocansi kube kubaluleke kakhulu.

Nansi imininingwane yezibonakaliso ongazibheka.

Izimpawu ze-Gonorrhea Ebantwini Besilisa

Lapho izimpawu zivela kubantu besilisa, zivame ukubonakala futhi zibuhlungu. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-gonorrhea kubantu besilisa zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhamba Okungajwayelekile: Ukuhamba okunje ngobisi olumhlophe, oluphuzi, noma oluluhlaza kusuka ekugcineni kwepenisi.

• Ukuchama Okubuhlungu: Ukushisa noma ukuluma lapho uchama (isimo esaziwa ngokuthi i-urethritis).

• Ubuhlungu Emabhaleni: Ubuhlungu, ukubaba, noma ukuvuvukala kweyodwa noma womabili amabala, nakuba lokhu kungavamile.

• Ukulunywa Emgudwini Womchamo: Umuzwa wokuluma ongakhululeki ngaphakathi kwepenisi.

Izimpawu ze-Gonorrhea Kubantu Abesifazane

Ngeshwa, lesi sifo sivame ukuba buthule kubantu besifazane, okungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu uma singatholakali. Lapho zivela, izimpawu ze-gonorrhea kubantu abesifazane zingaba ezincane futhi kalula zibe zibonakala njenge-bladder infection noma i-vaginal infection. Zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhamba Okwengeziwe Kwesitho Sangasese: Lokhu kungaba buthaka, njengamanzi, futhi kube noluhlaza okotshani noma okuluhlaza.

• Ubuhlungu noma Ukushisa Lapho Uchama: Kuyafana ne-urinary tract infection (UTI).

• Ukopha Phakathi Kwesikhathi: Ukopha kancane noma okunamandla ngaphandle komjikelezo wakho ojwayelekile.

• Ubuhlungu Ngemuva Kokuya Ezingutsheni: Ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu obujulile esifundeni sokuya ezingutsheni ngesikhathi socansi.

• Ubuhlungu Esiswini Esingezansi Noma Esingezansi Nezitho Zangasese: Ukubuhlungu okungapheli noma ubuhlungu obubukhali esiswini esingezansi.

Izimpawu Kwezinye Izindawo (Emathunjini Naswentweni)

I-Gonorrhea ingase futhi yosulele amathumbu nomkhala ngokocansi olungena ngembongolo nangomlomo. Lezi zifo azivamile ukuba nazimpawu.

• Izimpawu Emathunjini: Zingabandakanya ukulunywa embongolweni, ukubaba, ukopha, ukuphuma, noma ukuqunjelwa okubuhlungu.

• Izimpawu ze-Oral Gonorrhea: Isibonakaliso esivame kakhulu ukuba khona kwe-sore throat. Izimpawu ze-oral gonorrhea zingabandakanya ukubomvubisa emqaleni kanye nama-lymph nodes avuvukile entanyeni, okungazibonakalisa kalula njenge-strep throat noma umkhuhlane ojwayelekile umthombo.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu, kubalulekile ukungazinaki. Ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola ukuxilongwa nokunakekelwa okusebenzayo.

Yini Ebanga Isifo Esihlukile? Ukwanda Kokumelana Nama-Antibiotic

Ngakho-ke, yenzeka kanjani isifo esivamile se-gonorrhea sibe "super"? Izimbangela ze-super gonorrhea ziqala enkingeni yempilo yomphakathi yomhlaba wonke yokumelana nama-microbial. Ama-bacteria ayizidalwa eziphilayo, futhi umgomo wawo uwukusinda futhi izalane. Lapho exhumana ne-antibiotic, amaningi ayabulawa, kodwa ambalwa anezinguquko zamagenerali ezingahleliwe angasinda.

Lawa asindileyo bese izalela, adale umphakathi omusha wama-bacteria onobuntu obufanayo bokumelana nemithi. Le nqubo isheshiswa yizinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

1. Ukusebenzisa Kabi Ama-Antibiotic: Ukuthatha ama-antibiotic esifo esibangelwa amagciwane njenge-flu (ongayelaphi) noma ukungaphezi imithamo egcwele enikeziwe kunika ama-bacteria ithuba lokuzivumelanisa nokusinda.
2. Ukuxilonga Okungalungile: Ngokwesibonelo, uma isifo se-gonococcal emqaleni sibonakala njenge-strep throat futhi siwelashwa nge-antibiotic engalungile, ama-bacteria e-gonorrhea angase adalulwe emithini ngaphandle kokubulawa, okungase kuqinise izivikelo zawo.
3. Ukuhamba Komhlaba Wonke: Izinhlobo ezimelana nemithi zingasabalala kalula ukusuka kwenye ingxenye yomhlaba uye kwenye, okwenza kube nzima ukuzilawula.

Le mpi eqhubekayo iyisibonelo esicacile sokumelana kwe-Neisseria gonorrhoeae, okuyinto esikhathazayo kakhulu ezinhlanganweni zezempilo zomhlaba wonke.

Ukuxilonga: Ingabe "Super" Noma I-Regular Gonorrhea?

Ukuxilonga i-gonorrhea ngokwayo kulula. Udokotela uvamise ukusebenzisa isampuli yomchamo noma ukukhuhla endaweni ethintekayo (umgudu womchamo, umbele, amathumbu, noma umkhala) ukuhlola ubukhona buka-Neisseria gonorrhoeae umthombo.

Kodwa-ke, leli hlolo lokuqala alikwazi ukukutshela ukuthi ngabe uhlobo luvumela imithi yini. Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-drug resistant gonorrhea kuvame ukwenzeka ngendlela eyodwa kwezimbili:

1. Ukuhluleka Kokwelashwa: Indlela eyaziwa kakhulu yokuthi ibonakale ukuthi izimpawu zesiguli azipheli ngemuva kokuphetha ukwelashwa okujwayelekile. Leli yisikhumbuzo esikhulu sokumelana.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwamakhemikhali: Uma ukumelana kusoliswa, ilabhorethri ingakhulisa ama-bacteria kusampuli esitsheni. Bese ibeka ama-bacteria ezindleleni ezahlukene zemithi yokubona ukuthi yiziphi ezingawabulala ngempumelelo. Leli hlolo, ngezinye izikhathi elibizwa ngokuthi i-antibiogram noma ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela, lichaza ngokucacile ukuthi yimiphi imithi ezinhlobonhlobo ezikayo.

   Lesi sinyathelo esingeziwe sibalulekile ukuqondisa isigaba esilandelayo: ukuthola super gonorrhea treatment esebenzayo.

   Ukuhlinza Okungapheli: Izinketho Zokwelashwa ze-Super Gonorrhea

   Nakuba i-"super gonorrhea" iyisikhathazile esibi, ayiphelele kumanje. Kodwa-ke, izinketho ziyancipha, futhi ukwelashwa kunamandla kakhulu kunalokho kwezigameko ezingamelani.

   Isincomo esijwayelekile sokuqala esivela kwi-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ye-gonorrhea engaphathelene nokuthuthuka, yimithamo ephezulu eyodwa yomuthi okuthiwa yi-ceftriaxone umthombo. Lona ngumuthi onamandla okwamanje, okwamanje usasebenza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo.

   Kodwa kwenzekani ezimweni ezihlukile lapho ukwelashwa kwe-gonorrhea treatment failure kungasebenzi ngisho nalemithi enamandla?

   Kulezi zigameko ezingavamile futhi ezinzima, odokotela kufanele babonane nabachwepheshe bezifo ezithathelwanayo. Indlela ingabandakanya: * Imithamo Ephakeme Noma Ukwelashwa Ngokuhlanganisa: Ukusebenzisa imithamo ephakeme kakhulu ye-ceftriaxone, ngezinye izikhathi ihlanganiswa namanye ama-antibiotic asetshenziswa ngomlomo noma nge-intravenous (IV) anamandla. * Ukulaliswa Esibhedlela: Ezimweni ezimbi, ama-antibiotic anikezwa nge-IV esibhedlela angadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuthi unikezwa ngendlela efanele.

   Ngemuva kokwelashwa kohlobo olumelana nemithi, ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindayo okuthi "test of cure" ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-14 kamuva kuyimpoqelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isifo siphelile ngokuphelele.

   Izingozi Zokubambezeleka: Izinkinga Ze-Super Gonorrhea Engelashwanga

   Ukuhlaselwa yi-STI engelapheki kuyesabeka, futhi imiphumela yezempilo yesifo esiqhubekayo yimbi kakhulu futhi ingaba unomphela. Yingakho ukuqonda untreated gonorrhea complications kubalulekile—kugcizelela isidingo sokuxilongwa nokwelashwa okufanele.

   Kubantu Abesifazane

   I-Gonorrhea engelashwanga ingasakazeka uye esibelethweni nasemapayipini okuya esithweni sangasese, ibangele i-Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). I-PID yisimo esibi esingabangela: * Ukwakheka kwezicubunsi okuvimba amapayipi okuya esithweni sangasese. * I-Ectopic pregnancy (ukukhulelwa okubeka impilo engozini ngaphandle kwesibeletho). * Ukungabi Nazi Ingane (ukwehluleka ukukhulelwa). * Ubuhlungu obungapheli esifundeni sokuya ezingutsheni nasesiswini.

   Kubantu Besilisa

   Kubantu besilisa, izingozi eziyinhloko zesifo esingelashwanga zihlanganisa: * I-Epididymitis: Ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu komgudu ngemuva kwamabhaleni egcina futhi ethwala i-sperm. Uma ingelashwanga, ingaholela ekungabi nazingane. * Ukwakheka kwezicubunzi emgudwini womchamo, okungenza ukuchama kube nzima.

   Kubo Bonke Abantu

   Ezimweni ezingavamile, isifo singasakazeka ngegazi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Disseminated Gonococcal Infection (DGI), sibeka impilo engozini. Singabangela umhudo, izilonda esikhumbeni, kanye nezifo ezithinta izinhliziyo noma izinhlamvu zobuchopho umthombo.

   Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba ne-gonorrhea kwandisa ingozi yomuntu yokuthola nokudlulisa i-HIV.

   Impilo Yakho Isezandleni Zakho: Ukuvimbela kanye Nesenzo

   Ukukhula kwe-antibiotic resistant gonorrhea kuyingozi enkulu yezempilo yomphakathi, kodwa kungenye esingayilwa. Okubalulekile ukuba nokuqwashisa ngempilo yakho yocansi.

   Ngokufingqa: super gonorrhea symptoms zifana ne-regular gonorrhea, kodwa isifo siqhubeka ngemuva kokwelashwa okujwayelekile. Izimbangela ze-super gonorrhea zihlobene nokumelana okubanzi nama-antibiotic, futhi untreated gonorrhea complications ezingenzeka zingashintsha impilo.

   Yini okufanele uyenze?

   1. Hlolwa Ngokushesha: Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, noma uma ukholelwa ukuthi uwathole, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Ungalindi ukuthi ihambe yodwa.
   2. Landela Ukwelashwa Ngokugcwele: Uma uxilongwa nge-gonorrhea, thatha yonke imithi njengoba ibhalwe. Uma uthola umjovo, qiniseka ukuthi uqedela noma yimaphi ama-antibiotic asetshenziswa ngomlomo angase anikezwe kanye nawo.
   3. Qinisekisa Ukwelashwa: Yiya ekuhlolweni kwakho okuphindaphindayo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ukwelashwa kwaphumelela. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma welashwa uhlobo olumelana nemithi.
   4. Hlola Ucansi Ngokuphepha: Ukusebenzisa ama-condom njalo nangendlela efanele kuyindlela eyodwa ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwe-gonorrhea nezinye izifo zocansi.
   5. Khuluma Nabalingani: Yiba nezingxoxo ezivulelekile neziqotho nabalingani bakho bezeocansi mayelana nokuhlolwa nokuthi usezwini. Qinisekisa ukuthi abalingani bangaphambili bayaziswa ukuze bahlolelwe futhi balashwe.

   Uma welashwa nge-gonorrhea futhi izimpawu zakho aziphelanga, ungabi namahloni noma wesabe. Thinta udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ungase ubhekane nesimo lapho gonorrhea treatment failure, futhi ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza empilweni yakho yesikhathi eside.