Iyini i-herpes emlonyeni?
I-Herpes emlonyeni ingase ingakhulunywa kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuyazi nokuthi isho ukuthini. Le simo ikakhulukazi ivela ezifweni ze-herpes simplex virus (HSV), ikakhulukazi izinhlobo 1 ne-2. Ngesikhathi i-HSV-1 ivame ukuxhumana ne-cold sores, ingabangela nezifo emlonyeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-HSV-2, evame ukuxhumana ne-herpes yasesini, ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukutheleleka komlomo, ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa ubulili bomlomo.
Ukwazi nge-herpes yomlomo kubaluleke kakhulu. Izimpawu zingase zihluke kusuka ekuzweleni okuncane kuya ebuhlungwini obukhulu, okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya noma ukukhuluma. Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu bangase badide i-herpes yomlomo nezinye izifo, njenge-strep throat noma i-tonsillitis. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba uqaphele futhi uqonde ngalolu tshwele.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi ungase ube nokuqhuma, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu zokuqala. Odokotela bavame ukuhlola ngokubonakalayo futhi bacabange ngomlando wesiguli ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Futhi, izithombe ze-herpes yomlomo zingasiza ekuqondeni lesi simo. Ngokufunda nge-herpes yomlomo, singazithatha izintambo zempilo yethu futhi sifune usizo lochwepheshe ngokushesha ngokwelashwa okulungile nokunakekelwa.
Ukuqonda Izinhlobo Ze-Herpes Viruses
|
Uhlobo lwe-Herpes Virus |
Ukutheleleka Okuhlobene |
Izimpawu Ezivamile |
Ukudluliselwa |
Izindawo Ezithintekayo Ezivamile |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
HSV-1 (Herpes Simplex Virus 1) |
I-herpes yomlomo (i-cold sores), ngezinye izikhathi i-herpes yasesini. |
Amabhishi abuhlungu, ukukhahlela, amaqhubu, ubushushu, ama-lymph nodes avuvukile. |
Kusabalala ngokuxhumana ngqo ne-saliva ethelelekile, isikhumba, noma ukukhishwa komlomo. |
Umlomo, izindebe, ubuso, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izindawo zasesini. |
|
HSV-2 (Herpes Simplex Virus 2) |
I-herpes yasesini. |
Amabhishi abuhlungu noma ama-ulcers, ukukhahlela, ukuzwela ukushisa, izimpawu ezifana ne-influenza. |
Kusabalala ngokusebenzisa ubulili (obusesini noma obubuthakathaka) noma ukuxhumana kwesikhumba nesikhumba. |
Izitho zangasese, umlomo wesisu, ngezinye izikhathi umlomo. |
|
I-Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) |
I-Chickenpox (ukutheleleka okuyinhloko), i-shingles (ukuvuselelwa). |
Ukukhahlela okubomvu okukhahlelayo, amabhishi agcwele amanzi, ubushushu, ukukhathala. |
Kusabalala ngokusebenzisa ama-droplets omphefumulo noma ukuxhumana ngqo namanzi avela kumabhishi. |
Isikumba, isifuba, ubuso, nemuva. |
|
I-Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) |
I-Mononucleosis (mono) ixhunyaniswe namanye ama-cancers (ibh. i-lymphoma). |
Ubushushu, ukuhlunguluka komlomo, ama-lymph nodes avuvukile, ukukhathala, ukukhahlela. |
Kusabalala nge-saliva, ngokuvamile ngokusuthisana noma ukwabelana ngezinsiza/izitsha. |
Umlomo, ama-lymph nodes, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukukhahlela kwesikhumba. |
|
I-Cytomegalovirus (CMV) |
I-Congenital CMV, izimpawu ezifana ne-mononucleosis. |
Ubushushu, ama-glands avuvukile, ukukhathala, ukuhlunguluka komlomo. |
Kusabalala ngezinto eziphuma emzimbeni njenge-saliva, igazi, umchamo, nobulili. |
Kungathinta izitho ezahlukene, kufaka phakathi amehlo nemiphunga. |
Izimpawu Nokubona I-Herpes Emlonyeni
1. Yini I-Herpes Emlonyeni?
I-Herpes emlonyeni, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-herpes esophagitis, ivame ukubangelwa yi-herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), nakuba i-HSV-2 nayo ingaba yimbangela. Lesi simo sihilela ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhishi abuhlungu namaqhubu emlonyeni, okungabangela ubunzima ekugwinyeni nasekuzweleni okukhulu.
2. Izimpawu Ze-Herpes Emlonyeni
Izimpawu ezivamile zihlanganisa amaqhubu noma ama-ulcers abuhlungu emlonyeni, ubunzima ekugwinyeni, ukuhlunguluka komlomo, ne-lymph nodes evuvukile. Abantu bangase bazwe ubushushu, izikhathi zikhanda, ne-ukukhathala okukhulu. Ubuhlungu ovela kula maqhubu bungenza kube nzima ukudla noma ukuphuza.
3. Ukubona I-Herpes Emlonyeni
I-Herpes emlonyeni ingabonwa ngokuhlolwa komzimba nezivivinyo zelebhu, njengokuthi ukuhlanza indawo ethintekile ye-HSV, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, noma izikhafu zomlomo. Izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu, ubushushu obuqhubekayo, nama-lymph nodes avuvukile ngaphandle kwezinye izifo ezivamile zomlomo zingase zibonise ukutheleleka kwe-herpes.
4. Ukuxilongwa Nokwelashwa
Uma kukhona ukungabaza nge-herpes emlonyeni, umhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zezempilo uzoqhuba izivivinyo zokuxilongwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukhona i-virus. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukubandakanya imithi ye-antiviral ukunciphisa ubukhulu nobude bokuqhuma. Ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, njengokusebenzisa izinto zokunciphisa ubuhlungu ezisebenza ngqo noma ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu engathengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi, kungasiza ekulawuleni ukungakhululeki.
Ukuxilongwa Neminikelo Yokwelashwa
1. Ukuxilongwa kwe-Herpes Emlonyeni
Ukuxilongwa kwe-herpes emlonyeni kuqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba, lapho umhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zezempilo ebheka khona amaqhubu nezibonakaliso zokutheleleka ezibonakalayo. Izivivinyo zokuxilongwa zihlanganisa:
Ukuhlanza umlomo: Isibonelo esithathwe esigulini sihlolwa ukubona ukutheleleka kwe-HSV.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuthola ama-antibodies e-HSV, ukuqinisekisa ukutheleleka kwangaphambili noma okusebenzayo.
I-Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test: Ukuthola izinto ezivela ku-genetic ze-virus.
Ukukhula kwezicubu: Akusetshenziswa njalo, kodwa kuhilela ukukhulisa i-virus esibonelweni sezicubu ezithintekile.
2. Imithi Ye-Antiviral
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-herpes emlonyeni kuhilela imithi ye-antiviral, efana ne:
I-Acyclovir
I-Valacyclovir
I-Famciclovir
Le mithi iyasiza ekuqedeni ubukhulu, ubude, nokuphindaphinda kokupuka ngokuvinjwa kokwanda kwe-herpes virus.
3. Ukulawula Ubuhlungu
Ngaphezu kwe-antivirals, ukwelashwa kungase kubandakanye izindlela zokunciphisa izimpawu:
Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu engathengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi (ibh. i-ibuprofen noma i-acetaminophen) yokuhlunguluka nokuvuvukala.
Izinto zokunciphisa ubuhlungu ezisebenza ngqo (ibh. i-lidocaine) zingase zisetshenziswe ngqo emlonyeni ukuqeda ubuhlungu.
Ukuhlanza ngamanzi ane-salt nokuphuza amanzi kakhulu kuyasiza ekuthambiseni umlomo nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
4. Ukuvimbela Nokulawula Ukubuyela
Ukuqeda izinto ezikwenza ube namaqhubu njengokucindezeleka, ilanga, noma ukugula kungasiza ekuqedeni amathuba okuphinda kube namaqhubu.
Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kwe-antiviral kungase kunikezwe abantu abanamaqhubu avamile.
Isifinyeto
I-Herpes emlonyeni ixilongwa ngokuhlolwa komzimba nezivivinyo ezifana nokuhlanza umlomo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, noma i-PCR ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukhona i-herpes simplex virus (HSV). Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kuhilela imithi ye-antiviral efana ne-acyclovir, i-valacyclovir, noma i-famciclovir, esiza ekuqedeni ubukhulu nobude bokuqhuma.
Ukulawula ubuhlungu kuhlanganisa imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu engathengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi, izinto zokunciphisa ubuhlungu ezisebenza ngqo, nokuhlanza ngamanzi ane-salt ukuthambisa umlomo. Ukuvimbela ukuqhuma kwesikhathi esizayo, kubalulekile ukuqeda izinto ezikwenza ube namaqhubu njengokucindezeleka nokuhlupheka. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kwe-antiviral kungase kunconywe uma unemaqhubu avamile.