I-gland yethayirodi iyitho eliyinqaba, elinobukhulu obuncane, elinobukhulu njengobhejane, elitholakala phansi komphimbo wakho. Ibalulekile ekugcineni impilo yethu iphilile. Le gland yenza ama-hormone anethonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwametabolism, amazinga kwamandla, nendlela imizimba yethu esebenza ngayo. Ama-hormone amakhulu avelayo yi-thyroxine (T4) ne-triiodothyronine (T3). La ma-hormone alawula indlela imizimba yethu esebenzisa ngayo amandla, okuthinta izinto ezifana nokuphathwa kwesisindo nokugxila kwengqondo.

Uma ithayirodi isebenza kahle, iyasiza ekugcineni ibhalansi enempilo ekuqhubekeni kwemisebenzi eminingi yomzimba. Kodwa-ke, uma i-gland ingasebenzi ngokwanele (hypothyroidism) noma isebenza kakhulu (hyperthyroidism), ingabangela izinkinga zempilo. Ukuqaphela izinkinga zethayirodi kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu.

Abantu abaningi bangase bangawaphawuli ama-sign okuqala ezinkinga zethayirodi, njengokukhathala, ukuguquguquka kwesimo sengqondo, noma ukuguquka kwesisindo ngokuzumayo. Lezi zikhathi zingase zibhekwe kalula njengokucindezeleka noma imikhuba yokuphila, kodwa zingase zibe yizimpawu zokuthi kukhona okuphosakele kuthayirodi.

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezichitha isikhathi noma zithinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke, kubalulekile ukuzithatha ngokungathi sína. Ukugcina iliso lempilo yakho nokuthintana nodokotela kungasiza ekutholeni izinkinga zethayirodi kusenesikhathi, okuholela ekwelapheni okufanele nokwenza impilo ibe ngcono. Ukuqonda lo xhumanxo kubalulekile kubo bonke, njengoba izinkinga zethayirodi zingabathinta abantu ngezindlela ezahlukene kuye ngokweminyaka yabo, ubulili, ne-background yomndeni.

Izimpawu Ezivamile Zokuqala Zokuqala Ze-Hypothyroidism

Isimpawu	Inkulumo
Ukukhathala Nokubuthakathaka	Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo naphezu kokulala okwanele.
Ukuzuza Isisindo	Ukuzuza kwesisindo okungachazeki ngenxa yokunciphisa kwe-metabolism.
Ukubambeka Ebuqandeni	Ukubambeka ebuqandeni kalula kunabanye ngenxa ye-metabolism ehamba kancane.
Ulusu Olomile Nezinwele Ezomile	Ulusu olomile, oluqhekekile nezinwele ezibhebhethekile ngenxa yokunciphisa kwama-hormone ethayirodi.
I-Constipation	Ukuqeda ukudla okunciphile, kuholela ekutheni kube nzima ukuphuma izisu.
Ukudideka Kwengqondo Nokuguquguquka Kwesimo Sengqondo	Ukuguquguquka kwesimo sengqondo nemizwa yokudabuka noma intukuthelo.
Ubuhlungu Bemisipha Namalunga	Ukuqina kwemisipha, ukubamba, nokungakhululeki kwamalunga.
Ubuso Obuqabukile	Ukukhula okuzungezile amehlo nobuso ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi.
Izinga Lokushaya Kwenhliziyo Elihamba Kancane	Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elihamba kancane kunokujwayelekile, okungenzeka kube yimbangela ye-bradycardia.
Amazinga E-Cholesterol Aphezulu	I-cholesterol ephezulu iyandisa ingozi yezinkinga zokuthuthumela kwenhliziyo.

Izici Zengozi Nedemographics

1. Iminyaka
   I-Hypothyroidism ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60. Ingozi iyanda njengoba iminyaka iqhubeka ngenxa yokuguquka kokusebenza kwe-gland yethayirodi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

2. Ubulili
   Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-hypothyroidism kunabesilisa. Lokhu kungenxa yezingxenye ze-hormonal, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezikhathi zokuguquguquka okukhulu kwe-hormonal, njengokukhulelwa, i-menopause, noma ngemuva kokubeletha.

3. Umlando Womndeni
   Umlando womndeni wesifo sethayirodi, ikakhulukazi i-hypothyroidism noma izifo ze-autoimmune zethayirodi njenge-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, uyandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi simo. Izici ze-genetic zidlalela indima ekubekweni kwabantu ekuhlulekeni kokusebenza kwethayirodi.

4. Izifo Ze-Autoimmune
   Abantu abanezifo ze-autoimmune, njenge-type 1 diabetes, i-rheumatoid arthritis, noma i-lupus, banengozi enkulu yokuthola i-hypothyroidism. Isimo se-autoimmune singabangela ukuthi i-immune system ihlasele i-gland yethayirodi, yonakalise ikhono layo lokukhiqiza ama-hormone.

5. Ukukhulelwa
   Ukukhulelwa kuyandisa isidingo sama-hormone ethayirodi, futhi abesifazane bangase bathole i-hypothyroidism phakathi noma ngemuva kokukhulelwa, okuyaziwa ngokuthi yi-postpartum thyroiditis. Lesi simo singaba sesikhashana kodwa ngezinye izikhathi siholela e-hypothyroidism yesikhathi eside.

6. Izinkinga Zethayirodi Zangaphambili Noma Ukuhlinzwa
   Abantu abake baba nokuhlinzwa kwethayirodi, i-radiation therapy, noma ukwelashwa kwe-iodine okuthinta i-gland yethayirodi banengozi enkulu ye-hypothyroidism. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kulabo abake basuswa yonke ithayirodi noma ingxenye yayo.

7. Ukwehluleka Kwe-Iodine
   I-Iodine ibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone ethayirodi. Ukwehluleka kwe-iodine, okuvamile ezindaweni ezithile lapho ukudla okunama-iodine kuncane khona, kungabangela i-hypothyroidism, nakuba lokhu kungavamile ezindaweni lapho ukudla kwe-iodine kuningi khona.

8. Imithi
   Imithi ethile ingandisa ingozi ye-hypothyroidism, kufaka phakathi i-lithium (esetshenziswa ekwelapheni isifo se-bipolar), i-amiodarone (imithi yenhliziyo), ne-interferons (esetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukutheleleka nomdlavuza). Le mithi ingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwethayirodi noma ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone.

9. Ukudalulwa Kwe-Radiation
   Abantu abake badalulwa e-radiation, ikakhulukazi labo abenza ukwelashwa kwe-radiation ngenxa yomdlavuza noma abahlala ezindaweni ezihlaselekile yi-radiation, banengozi enkulu yezinkinga zethayirodi, kufaka phakathi i-hypothyroidism.

10. Isimo Esingapheli
    Isimo njenge-cholesterol ephezulu, igazi eliphezulu, nesifo senhliziyo singahlotshaniswa ne-hypothyroidism. Kwezinye izikhathi, izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism zingenza lezi zimo zempilo ezikhona zibe zimbi, okwenza ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kube yinto ebalulekile.

Isifinyezo

I-Hypothyroidism ingabathinta noma ubani, kodwa izici ezithile ziyandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi simo. Abesifazane, ikakhulukazi labo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, banamathuba amaningi okuhlangabezana ne-hypothyroidism ngenxa yokuguquka kwama-hormone nobudala. Umlando womndeni wesifo sethayirodi, izifo ze-autoimmune, nokuhlinzwa kwethayirodi kwangaphambili futhi kuhlanganyela engozini.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhulelwa, ukwehluleka kwe-iodine, nokudalulwa kwemithi ethile noma i-radiation kungandisa amathuba okuthola i-hypothyroidism. Ukuqaphela lezi zici zengozi kuvumela ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokuphathwa okuphumelelayo, kunciphisa amathuba okuhlupheka nokwenza impilo ibe ngcono.

Imibuzo Evamile

1. Iyini i-hypothyroidism?
   I-Hypothyroidism yisimo lapho i-gland yethayirodi ingakhiqizi ama-hormone ethayirodi anele, inciphisa imisebenzi yomzimba.

2. Ziyini izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-hypothyroidism?
   Izimpawu ezivamile zihlanganisa ukukhathala, ukuzuza kwesisindo, ukubambeka ebuqandeni, ulusu olomile, ne-constipation.

3. Ubani osengozini ye-hypothyroidism?
   Abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, abantu abanezifo ze-autoimmune, nalabo abanamlando womndeni wesifo sethayirodi basengozini enkulu.

4. Ingaphathwa yini i-hypothyroidism?
   Yebo, i-hypothyroidism ivame ukwelashwa ngokwelashwa kwe-hormone replacement therapy ye-synthetic thyroid.

5. Ingavamile yini i-hypothyroidism?
   I-Hypothyroidism ivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala nabesifazane.