I-kolesterol ephakeme yisimo esithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Kwenzeka uma kukholestrol eningi kakhulu egazini. Ikholestrol iyinto ethambile, enamafutha, ebalulekile emisebenzini eminingi yomzimba, kodwa ukuba nenani elikhulu kakhulu lalo kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo, njengalesifo senhliziyo. Cishe ama-42% abantu abadala e-United States bane-kholestrol ephakeme, okuvamise ukuhlala kuphawuleki ngoba ngokuvamile ayikho izimpawu ezicacile.

Okukhathazayo ukuthi i-kholestrol ephakeme ingawathinta kanjani amehlo. Ikholestrol engeziwe ingakha izimpawu ezibonakalayo ezibhekisela ezinkingeni zempilo. Isibonelo, ungase ubona amadiphozi aqala ukwakheka eduze kwe-cornea noma amabala aphuzi emaphethelweni. Lezi zinguquko zingaphawuleka kodwa ziyimpawu ebalulekile ye-kholestrol ephakeme emzimbeni. Ukuqaphela “izimpawu ze-kholestrol ephakeme emehlweni” kungakhuthaza abantu ukuba baye kubona udokotela ngokushesha.

Ukuqonda iKholestrol: Okuhle noKubi

Uhlobo lweKholestrol	Inkulumo	Uthonyo Empilweni	Imithombo
Ikholestrol Ehle (HDL)	I-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ithwala ikholestrol ezihlatsheni zokuthwala igazi iye e-liver ukuze ihlanzwe futhi isuswe.	Iyasiza ekususeni ikholestrol engeziwe egazini, inqume ingozi yesifo senhliziyo nesifo sokuqhaqhazela.	Itholakala ekudleni okunjengamafutha omnqumo, izinhlanzi ezinamafutha (i-salmon, i-mackerel), ama-avocado, namantongomane.
Ikholestrol Embi (LDL)	I-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ithwala ikholestrol ezicubu kodwa ingaqala ukwakheka ezindongeni ze-artery, iholele ekwakhekeni kwe-plaque.	I-LDL eningi kakhulu ingabangela ukuthi i-artery ivalwe, ikhulise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, isifo sokuqhaqhazela, nezinye izinkinga ze-cardiovascular.	Itholakala ekudleni okunemafutha amaningi agcwele, amafutha e-trans, nenyama ebomvu.

Izimpawu Ezibonakalayo Ze-Kholestrol Ephakeme Emehlweni

Ikholestrol ephakeme ingabangela izimpawu ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene namehlo, eziningi zazo zibonakala ngokuvamile. Nakuba i-kholestrol ephakeme ngokwayo ingabangeli ubuhlungu obuqondile noma izinguquko ezibonakalayo, imiphumela yayo ezitsheni zegazi nakumadiphozi amafutha ingabonakala emehlweni. Ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu ngokushesha kungasiza ekuphatheni amazinga e-kholestrol nokuvimbela ezinye izinkinga.

1. Xanthelasma: I-Xanthelasma yimadiphozi amafutha aphuzi abonakala eduze kwamaphethelweni, ngokuvamile eduze kwegumbi langaphakathi lephethelweni eliphezulu noma eliphansi. La madiphozi ngokuvamile iyisibonakaliso se-kholestrol ephakeme futhi ingaba yisibonakaliso sokuqala sokungalingani kwamafutha emzimbeni.

2. Arcus Senilis: Lona yingqimba emhlophe noma emnyama eqala ukwakheka eduze kwe-cornea yamehlo, evame ukubonakala kubantu abadala. Nakuba ngokuvamile ihlotshaniswa nokuguga, ukuba khona kwe-arcus senilis kubantu abasebancane kungabonisa amazinga e-kholestrol aphezulu nengozi ephakeme yesifo senhliziyo.

3. Corneal Arcus: Ngokufana ne-arcus senilis, i-corneal arcus yingqimba yamadiphozi amafutha eduze kwe-cornea. Ingabonisa i-kholestrol ephakeme, ikakhulukazi kubantu abaneminyaka engaphansi kwama-50, futhi ingahlotshaniswa nengozi ephakeme yezinkinga ze-cardiovascular.

   Izici Zengozi Nokuxilongwa

Izici Zengozi:

• Ukudla Okungaphilile: Ukudla okuningi kwamafutha agcwele, amafutha e-trans, nokudla okunenkholestrol eningi kungaphakamisa i-LDL cholesterol.

• Ukwehluleka Kokuzivocavoca: Isitayela sokuphila esingasisebenzi sihlanganyela emazingeni aphezulu e-kholestrol.

• Ukukhuluphala: Isisindo esiningi sikhuphula ikholestrol embi futhi sinciphise ikholestrol enhle.

• I-Genetics: Umlando womndeni we-kholestrol ephakeme noma isifo senhliziyo ungakhuphula ingozi.

• Ubudala nobulili: Amazinga e-kholestrol athambekele ekukhuleni ngokwanda kobudala, futhi amadoda anezindlela zokuthuthukisa i-kholestrol ephakeme ngokushesha kunabesifazane.

• Izimo Zokwelapha: I-Diabetes, igazi eliphezulu, ne-hypothyroidism zingase zihlanganyele e-kholestrol ephakeme.

Ukuxilongwa:

• Uvivinyo Lwegazi (I-Lipid Panel): Linganisa amazinga e-kholestrol iyonke, i-LDL, i-HDL, ne-triglycerides ukuhlola amazinga e-kholestrol.

• Uvivinyo Lomzimba: Umhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zempilo angase afune izimpawu ezibonakalayo ezifana ne-xanthelasma noma i-arcus senilis.

• Ukulinganisa Ingozi: Ukulinganisa impilo yonke ye-cardiovascular usebenzisa amazinga e-kholestrol nezinye izici zengozi.

Isifinyeto

Ikholestrol ephakeme ithonya izici eziningi zengozi, kufaka phakathi ukudla okungaphilile, ukwehluleka kokuzivocavoca, ukukhuluphala, i-genetics, ubudala, nezimo zokwelapha ezifana ne-diabetes negazi eliphezulu. Amadoda anezindlela zokuthuthukisa i-kholestrol ephakeme ngokushesha, nakuba ikhula ngokwanda kobudala kokubili ebulilini.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-kholestrol ephakeme ngokuvamile kuhilela uvivinyo lwegazi le-lipid panel ukuze kulinganiswe amazinga e-LDL, i-HDL, ne-triglycerides. Uvivinyo lomzimba lungase futhi lube nezibonakaliso ezibonakalayo, ezifana ne-xanthelasma noma i-arcus senilis. Ukuqaphela nokulawula lezi zici ngokushesha kungasiza ekuqedeni ingozi yesifo senhliziyo nezinye izinkinga.

Imibuzo Evamile

1. Yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-kholestrol eduze kwamehlo?

Izimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-kholestrol eduze kwamehlo zihlanganisa ama-lesion aphuzi aziwa ngokuthi yi-xanthelasma. Lezi zivele njengezindawo ezincane, eziphakamile, ezimhlophe noma eduze kwamaphethelweni.

2. Ingabe i-xanthelasma nezinye i-deposits ze-kholestrol ziyingozi?

Nakuba i-xanthelasma ngokwayo ngokuvamile ayinangozi futhi ayibangeli ingozi enkulu yempilo, ingaba yisibonakaliso samazinga aphezulu e-kholestrol angase akhulise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.

3. Ngingazivimbela kanjani i-deposits ze-kholestrol eduze kwamehlo ami?

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela zihlanganisa ukugcina ukudla okunempilo okunemafutha amaningi agcwele ne-kholestrol, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokuhlola impilo njalo ukuze kulandelelwe amazinga e-kholestrol.

4. Kufanele ngenzeni uma ngiqaphela amabala aphuzi eduze kwamehlo ami?

Uma uqaphela amabala aphuzi eduze kwamehlo akho, kunconywa ukubona uchwepheshe wezempilo ukuze ahlole amazinga e-kholestrol yakho nempilo yonke, kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa.