Nini Okufanele Ukukhathazeke Ngobukhulu be-Kidney Cyst?

Ama-kidney cysts amaningi amancane kunezisentimitha ezingu-3 awamoshi futhi awadingi ukwelashwa. Iqiniso ukuthi, abantu abaningi bahamba nalezi zikhwama ezincane ezigcwele uketshezi emizimbeni yabo futhi abazi ngisho. Odokotela bavame ukuqala ukubheka kakhulu lapho i-cyst ikhula idlula isentimitha 3 kuya ku-4, ikakhulukazi uma ibonisa izici ezingajwayelekile noma ibangela izimpawu.

Yini i-Kidney Cyst?

I-kidney cyst igobolondo nje eligcwele uketshezi elakheka kuwo noma emgqeni wakho. Cabanga ngayo njengebhola elincane lamanzi elakheka emgodini we-kidney. Lawa ma-cyst anezindonga ezincane futhi aqukethe uketshezi olumanzi, olucacile.

Ama-kidney cysts alula avame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi njengoba uluphela. Ngesikhathi oneminyaka engu-50, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabathathu unama-kidney cyst amaningi. Ngesikhathi uneminyaka engu-70, lelo nombolo yanda cishe kuwo wonke umuntu abadala ababili kwabane. Iningi lawo yilokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi ama-cysts alula, okusho ukuthi awamoshi futhi awalokothi adale izinkinga.

Ama-kidney akho angakhiwa ama-cysts ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile. Athemba lapho ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-kidney luba buthakathaka futhi ludale isikhwama esigcwaliswe uketshezi. Le nqubo yenzeka ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ayisho ukuthi kukhona okungalungile ekusebenzeni komgqino wakho wonke.

Ngayiphi Usayizi Lapho i-Kidney Cyst Iba Nokukhathazeka?

Ama-kidney cysts avame ukuba nokukhathazeka lapho eqala ukudlula isentimitha 3 kuya ku-4 ububanzi. Noma kunjalo, usayizi wedwa awunqumi ubungozi. I-5 centimeter simple cyst enezindonga ezibushelelezi noketshezi olucacile ingase ibe nokukhathazeka kancane kuno-2 centimeter cyst enezindonga eziminyene noma izici ezingajwayelekile.

Odokotela basebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlukanisa olubizwa ngeBosniak system ukuhlukanisa ama-kidney cysts. Lolu hlelo lubheka ukubukeka kwe-cyst esithombeni, hhayi kuphela usayizi wayo. Ama-cysts alula awela esigabeni seBosniak 1, okusho ukuthi awamoshi ngokuphelele kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usayizi. Izigaba 2 kuya ku-4 zihlanganisa ama-cysts anezici eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ukunakwa kakhulu.

Lapho i-cyst ifinyelela ku-4 kuya ku-5 centimeters, udokotela wakho cishe uzofuna ukuyibheka kakhulu. Ngalesi size, ngisho nama-cysts alula angadala izimpawu ngezikhathi ezithile ngokucindezela izakhiwo eziseduze. Ama-cysts amakhulu kuno-5 centimeters anethuba eliphezulu lokudala ukungakhululeki noma izinkinga, yize abantu abaningi namanje bengenazo izimpawu nhlobo.

Ama-cysts amakhulu kakhulu, lawo angama-7 kuya ku-10 centimeters noma ngaphezulu, avame ukudinga ingxoxo mayelana nokwelashwa. Lawa angacindezela emgodini wakho, imithambo yegazi eseduzane, noma ezinye izitho. Angathinta indlela i-kidney yakho esebenza ngayo noma abangele ubuhlungu obungapheli. Kodwa-ke, izinqumo zokwelashwa zincike ezimpawini nasezici ze-cyst, hhayi kuphela ngosayizi.

Yini Eyenza i-Kidney Cyst Iyingozi Ngaphandle Kosayizi?

Ukwakheka kwangaphakathi nezici ze-cyst kubaluleke kakhulu kunokulinganisa kwayo. Odokotela babheka kakhulu izici ezithile ezingabonisa inkinga. Lezi zimpawu zokuxwayisa zisiza ukuhlukanisa ama-cysts angenabungozi kulawa adinga ukungenelela.

Nansi izici ezikhathazayo odokotela lapho behlola ama-kidney cysts, ngayinye yazo eyengeza esithombeni sonke esibeka engcupheni:

• Izindonga eziminyene noma ezingajwayelekile esikhundleni sezindonga ezincane, ezibushelelezi zisho ukuthi i-cyst ingase ibe yinkimbinkimbi kunosquama nje olugcwele uketshezi

• I-Septations, okuyizindonga zangaphakathi ezihlukanisayo ezakha izindlu ngaphakathi kwe-cyst, zingabonisa ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu

• Ama-calcifications noma ama-deposit aqinile e-calcium odongeni lwe-cyst ngezinye izikhathi abonakala kuma-cysts alula futhi ayizinkinga

• Izakhiwo eziqinile noma ama-nodules ngaphakathi kwe-cyst esikhundleni soketshezi olucacile nje kuvusa ukungabaza ukukhula kwezicubu okungalungile

• Ukukhanyisa nge-contrast dye phakathi ne-CT noma ama-MRI scans kubonisa ukwanda kokugeleza kwegazi, okungabonisa izicubu ezisebenzayo ezidinga ukuhlolwa

• Ukwakheka okungalungile noma izimbotshana ezingajwayelekile esikhundleni sokubukeka okuyindilinga nokabushelelezi kungabonisa ukuthi i-cyst ikhula ngendlela engajwayelekile

Lapho udokotela wakho ebona enye noma ngaphezulu kulezi zici, uzofaka i-cyst esigabeni esiphakeme kakhulu seBosniak. Lokhu akusho ukuthi umdlavuza, kodwa kusho ukuthi udinga ukubheka kakhulu noma mhlawumbe i-biopsy ukuze uqonde ukuthi ubhekene nani.

Ama-Kidney Cysts Angabangela Izimpawu?

Ama-kidney cysts amaningi amancane abangela izimpawu nhlobo futhi ngeke zibe nazo. Ungaba nama-cysts amaningana amancane futhi uzizwe njengomuntu ojwayelekile. Izimpawu zivame ukuvela kuphela lapho i-cyst ikhula yanele ukucindezela izakhiwo eziseduze noma uma kwenzeka izinkinga.

Lapho kuvela izimpawu, zivame ukuvela kancane njengoba i-cyst ikhula izinyanga noma iminyaka. Ungabona ubuhlungu obubuthakathaka ohlangothini lwakho, emhlane, noma esiswini esiphezulu. Lokhu kungakhathaliseki ngokuvamile kuhlala kubuthakathaka futhi kuza kuhambe esikhundleni sokuba njalo.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-cyst ibangela izinkinga ezinkulu uma ifinyelela usayizi omkhulu noma yakha izinkinga. Ngizokuhambisa ezimpawini ezingase zivela, ngiqonde ukuthi ukuzibona lezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi kukhona okubi okwenzekayo, kodwa kunalokho ukuthi umzimba wakho uthi i-cyst idinga ukunakwa:

• Ubuhlungu ohlangothini noma emhlane ozizwa bubuthakathaka futhi buvalekile, ngokuvamile buya phezulu ngokuzivocavoca noma izikhundla ezithile

• Umuzwa wokugcwala noma ukucindezeleka esiswini esiphezulu, ikakhulukazi uma i-cyst ikhula kakhulu

• Igazi kumgqino wakho, okungase kuvele njengokubomvu okungabomvu, okubomvu, noma okunsundu uma i-cyst iqhubeka nokuphuma igazi ngaphakathi

• Imfiva nobuhlungu obukhulu uma i-cyst ingena yona, idale isimo esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme owavela noma owonakala ngenxa yokuthi i-cyst enkulu idayela imithambo yegazi noma izicubu zemgqino

• Ukuchama njalo noma umuzwa wokuthi ibala lakho alikhishi ngokuzele uma i-cyst enkulu idayela uhlelo lwakho lokuchama

Lezi zimpawu zifanelwe ukunakwa kwezempilo, kodwa azisho ukuthi usongelwa ngokushesha. Iningi lingahlolwa futhi liphethwe kahle uma udokotela wakho eqonda ukuthi kwenzakalani. Ngisho nalapho kuvela izimpawu, kunezinketho zokwelashwa zokukusiza uzizwe kangcono.

Yimaphi Izinkinga Ezingenzeka Nge-Kidney Cysts?

Nakuba ama-kidney cysts amaningi angalokothi adale izinkinga, izinkinga zingavela ezimweni ezingavamile. Ukuqonda lezi zimo ezimbili kusiza ukuthi uqonde lapho kudingeka khona ukunakwa. Ngisho lapho kwenzeka izinkinga, ngokuvamile zingaphethwa ngokunakekelwa kwezempilo okufanele.

Ukungcola ingenye yezinkinga ezingenzeka, nakuba kungenzeki kaningi. I-cyst ingangcola uma amagciwane engena kuyo ngokusebenzisa igazi lakho. Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, uzovame ukuzizwa ugula kakhulu ngokufutha, ukubanda, nobuhlungu obukhulu ohlangothini noma emhlane. Lesi simo sidinga ama-antibiotics futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukudonswa koketshezi olungcolile.

Ukuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi kwe-cyst noma kusuka ku-cyst kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, ikakhulukazi ngama-cysts amakhulu. Ungabona igazi kumgqino wakho noma uzwe ubuhlungu obubukhali emhlane wakho noma ohlangothini. Ukuhamba kwegazi okuningi kuyayeka ngokwayo, kodwa ukuhamba kwegazi okukhulu kungadinga ukungenelela kwezempilo. Le nkinga ayilokothi isongela impilo yakho yonke kodwa ingaba yikuqhaqhazela lapho kwenzeka.

Ukuqhekeka kwe-cyst kungase kube umcimbi ongavamile lapho udonga lwe-cyst luvuleka. Ukuqhekeka okuncane kuvame ukudala izimpawu futhi kuziphilise ngokwalo. Ukuqhekeka okukhulu kungadala ubuhlungu obubukhali kanye negazi kumgqino wakho. Umzimba wakho uvame ukudonsa uketshezi oluvulekile ngaphandle kwezinkinga, nakuba ubuhlungu obukhulu bungakuthumela esikhungweni esiphuthumayo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-cyst enkulu kakhulu ingavimba ukuhamba komchamo kusuka kumgqino wakho. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-cyst ikhula yanele ukuvimba ithumbu elithwala umchamo kusuka kumgqino wakho uye ebhaleni lakho. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu, izifo zamathumbu okuchama, noma ukulimala okumbalwa komgqino uma ukuvinjelwa kuqhubeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Odokotela bangathola le nkinga ngokusebenzisa izithombe futhi bancoma ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ezimweni ezikhethekile, i-cyst ingacindezela izicubu zemgqino ngokwanele ukuba ithinte ukusebenza komgqino. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kuphela ngama-cysts amakhulu kakhulu noma lapho unezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezigcwalisa umgqino wakho kakhulu. Udokotela wakho ubheka ukusebenza komgqino ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zegazi, futhi ukwelashwa kungasiza ukulondoloza impilo yomgqino uma lokhu kuba ukukhathazeka.

Ukuqashwa Kwe-Kidney Cysts Kanjani Ngokuvamile?

Ama-kidney cysts alula, amancane avame ukudinga ukuqashwa nhlobo. Uma udokotela wakho ethola i-cyst elula engaphansi kwebutho ezingu-3 ngazo zonke izici ze-cyst elula, uzokuncoma ukuthi ukhohlwe ngayo. Akukho ukuqashwa kusho ukuthi akukho nkinga.

Kwama-cysts alula amancane kancane, udokotela wakho angaphakamisa ukuqashwa okukodwa esikhathini esiyizinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kweyishumi nambili. Lokhu kuhlolwa kabusha okukodwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-cyst ihlala izinzile futhi ilula. Uma kungekho okushintshile, uvame ukudinga ukuqashwa okungeziwe. Udokotela wakho uyancomba ukuthi ama-cysts alula azinzile azohlala enza njengoba kulindelekile.

Ama-cysts ayinkimbinkimbi adinga ukunakwa kakhulu ngokusekelwe ekuhlukanisweni kwawo kweBosniak. Ama-Bosniak 2 cysts angadinga izithombe zonyaka iminyaka embalwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza. Ama-Bosniak 2F cysts, lapho i-F imele ukuqashwa, adinga ukuqashwa njalo njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweyishumi nambili ngoba abonisa izici ezingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ama-cysts aphezulu, i-Bosniak 3 kanye ne-4, avame ukudinga ukuhlolwa komhlabathi. Lezi zigaba zisho ukuthi kungaba nomdlavuza womgqino, ngakho odokotela baphakamisa ukuwasusa noma okungenani ukuthola i-biopsy. Leli phakamiso livela ekuzinakekeleni okuningi kunokuba uqiniseke ukuthi kunomdlavuza.

Nini Odokotela Abancoma Ukwelashwa Kwama-Kidney Cysts?

Ukuchithwa kuba yisidingo lapho i-cyst ibangela izimpawu ezingapheli ezithinta ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila. Ubuhlungu obunqamula imisebenzi yansuku zonke, ukungcola okuphindaphindayo, noma ukuhamba kwegazi okuphindaphindayo yizizathu ezicacile zokucubungula ukungenelela. Umgomo uwukuthuthukisa indlela ozizwa ngayo nokuvimbela izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo.

Udokotela wakho angase aphinde ancome ukwelashwa uma i-cyst ikhula yanele ukulimaza ukusebenza komgqino. Lesi simo sivame ukungenzeki kodwa sibalulekile ukubhekana naso. Ukulondolozwa kwempilo yomgqino wakho kuyinto ebalulekile, ngakho-ke ukukhipha i-cyst enenkinga kwenza umqondo ngisho noma ingazange ibangele izimpawu ezibucayi.

Ama-cysts ayinkimbinkimbi anezici ezikhathazayo adinga ukwelashwa ukuze kuqedwe umdlavuza noma ukuvimela ukuthi ungakheki. Lapho izithombe zibonisa izici ezifakwa esigabeni seBosniak 3 noma 4, ukukhipha umhlabathi kuvumela odokotela bezicubu ukuba bahlole izicubu ngokuqondile. Le ndlela yokuphelela inikeza ukuthula kwengqondo nokwelashwa okufanele uma kunomdlavuza.

Kwama-cysts adinga ukwelashwa, odokotela banezinketho ezimbalwa kuye ngesimo. Ngizokuchaza izindlela eziningi ithimba lakho lezempilo elingase likuxoxe, ngayinye ikhethwe ngokusekelwe ezicini zakho ezithile ze-cyst nempilo yakho yonke:

1. I-Sclerotherapy ihlanganisa ukukhipha i-cyst nge-needle bese ukhumula isisombululo esisiza izindonga ze-cyst ziqinane ndawonye, ​​ivimela ukuba ingakhukhumele futhi noketshezi. Le nqubo isebenza kahle kuma-cysts alula abangela izimpawu.

2. Ukubhanqa kwe-Laparoscopic cyst kusetshenziswa izinsimbi ezincane kanye nekhamera ukukhipha udonga lwangaphandle lwe-cyst. Le nhloko yokuhlinzwa encane inempumelelo enkulu kanye nesikhathi sokululama esheshayo.

3. I-Partial nephrectomy ikhipha i-cyst kanye nenani elincane lezicubu zomgqino eziseduze. Le ndlela ngokuvamile igcinelwe ama-cysts ayinkimbinkimbi lapho umdlavuza uyisidingo, kuvumela ukuhlola okuphelele kwezicubu.

4. I-Complete nephrectomy, noma ukukhipha lonke i-kidney, kuvame ukudingeka kuphela ngama-cysts. Leli khetho lingavela uma i-kidney ilimele kakhulu kusuka kuma-cysts amaningi amakhulu noma uma umdlavuza uqinisekiswe futhi usabalale ngaphakathi komgqino.

Abantu abaningi benza kahle kakhulu ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-cyst. Izinqubo ze-cyst ezilula zivame ukuhlanganisa isikhathi esincane sokululama, futhi ungabuyela emisebenzini evamile phakathi namaviki ambalwa. Ngisho nezinqubo eziphelele kakhulu ngokuvamile zibangela imiphumela emihle ngokululama okufanele nokunakekelwa okulandelayo.

Ingabe Kukhona Izinhlobo Ezingavamile Ze-Kidney Cysts Okufanele Uzazi?

Nakuba ama-kidney cysts amaningi enzeka eyedwa futhi enzeka ngokungahambi kahle, abanye abantu bakha ama-cysts njengengxenye yemibandela yomndeni. Lezi zimiso zihluke kakhulu kuma-cysts alula futhi zidinga ukuphathwa okukhethekile. Ukuqonda lezi zimo ezingavamile kusiza ukuba uqonde uma ungase ubhekane nenkinga engaphezu kwe-cyst evamile.

I-Polycystic kidney disease, noma i-PKD, yisimo esidluliselwa emndenini lapho izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zama-cysts zikhula emagqineni womabili ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokungafani nama-cysts alula, ama-PKD cysts aqhubeka nokuthuthuka isikhathi sonke sokuphila kwakho futhi angathinta ukusebenza komgqino. Uma amalungu omndeni amaningi enama-kidney cysts noma ukwehluleka komgqino, i-PKD ingaba imbangela eyinhloko. Ukuhlolwa komndeni kanye nokuqashwa okukhethekile kusiza ukuphatha lesi simo.

I-Von Hippel Lindau disease yisifo esingavamile somndeni esakha ama-cysts namathumba ezithweni ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nama-kidney. Abantu abanesimo esinjalo bakha ama-kidney cysts amaningi futhi babhekana nethuba eliphezulu lomdlavuza womgqino. Lesi sifo sidinga ukuhlolwa njalo futhi sivame ukuhlanganisa odokotela abaningi abasebenza ndawonye ukuze babheke impilo yakho.

I-Tuberous sclerosis complex ingabangela ama-kidney cysts kanye namathumba alula abizwa ngokuthi ama-angiomyolipomas. Lesi simo somndeni sithinta izimiso eziningi zomzimba futhi sivame ukuvela ebuntwaneni, nakuba izimo ezimnene zingase zingatholakali kuze kube ngasebudala. Ukubandakanyeka komgqino kuyahlukahluka, kusuka kumacysts ambalwa amancane kuya ezinguqukweni eziningi zemvelo.

I-Acquired cystic kidney disease ivela kubantu abane-kidney failure yesikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi labo abasebenzisa i-dialysis. Ama-kidney ahlanza akha ama-cysts amaningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi la ma-cysts athwala ithuba elincane lokuba umdlavuza uma liqhathaniswa nama-cysts alula. Ukuqashwa njalo kuba ingxenye yokunakekelwa kwe-dialysis uma uphathwa yilesi simo.

I-Medullary sponge kidney yisimo esizalwa naso lapho ama-cysts akheka emgodini wokuqoqa ngaphakathi komgqino. Lawa ma-cysts andisa ingozi yakho yamatshe omgqino nezifo zamathumbu. Abantu abaningi abanesimo esinjalo baphila izimpilo ezijwayelekile ngokulawula okufanele kwezinkinga lapho zenzeka.

Isiphetho

Kulabo abaphatha ama-cysts amakhulu noma ayinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlala uxhumene nethimba lakho lezempilo kunikeza ukusekelwa okuqhubekayo. Ukuya kumaqembu okuqashwa aphakanyisiwe nokubika izimpawu ezintsha ngokushesha kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkinga zitholakala kusenesikhathi uma zivele. Le ndaba nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ikusiza uzizwe uphephile futhi unakekelwa kahle.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuthola i-kidney cyst kuvame ukwenzeka ngengozi, futhi ukutholwa kwengozi empeleni kuyinhlanhla. Manje usunolwazi ngempilo yakho yomgqino abantu abaningi abalona. Noma ngabe i-cyst yakho idinga ukuqashwa noma ayidingi ukuqashwa nhlobo, ukwazi ngayo kusho ukuthi wena nodokotela wakho ningenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho ngokuzayo.